CN101846668B - Device for implementing rock salt dissolution test under condition of triaxial stress - Google Patents
Device for implementing rock salt dissolution test under condition of triaxial stress Download PDFInfo
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- CN101846668B CN101846668B CN 201010143938 CN201010143938A CN101846668B CN 101846668 B CN101846668 B CN 101846668B CN 201010143938 CN201010143938 CN 201010143938 CN 201010143938 A CN201010143938 A CN 201010143938A CN 101846668 B CN101846668 B CN 101846668B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for implementing a rock salt dissolution test under a condition of triaxial stress, comprising a pressure-applying rod, a sealable pressure chamber and seepage pressure heads, wherein, the pressure-applying rod vertically passes through the top of the pressure chamber and achieves seal fit through a seal ring; the pressure chamber is equipped with an oil-injection hole, an oil outlet and an exhaust vent, and the bottom of the pressure chamber is equipped with a detachable bottom cap; the seepage pressure head comprises an upper seepage pressure head and a lower seepage pressure head, the upper seepage pressure head is arranged at the bottom end of the pressure-applying rod, and the lower seepage pressure head is arranged in the middle of the bottom cap vertically corresponding to the upper seepage pressure head; and water injection holes are axially arranged on the pressure-applying rod and the upper seepage pressure head, and water outlet holes are axially arranged on the lower seepage pressure head. In the invention, a rock salt test specimen is under a triaxial stress state, thus achieving a stress environment in which a true simulated geology is positioned; and the triaxial pressure on the rock salt test specimen and pressure, density, temperature and velocity of dissolved water can be adjusted to truly simulate the dissolution velocity of rock salt when the rock salt is under a constant change state, thus obtaining more true experimental data and conveniently replacing wearing parts.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rock salt dissolving characteristic test device, relate in particular to a kind of device of realizing rock salt dissolution test under condition of triaxial stress.
Background technology
When carrying out rock salt dissolving characteristic test, often getting rock salt piece appearance is processed into square and cylindrical sample (cylinder sample is as the inclination angle effect experiment of rate of dissolution) respectively, then the rock salt sample of making is placed in the test unit, carry out solubility test.
Test unit of the prior art mainly carries out encapsulation process to five surfaces of square sample, lets dissolving water flow through from a face of square sample, and dissolving only takes place on a face.As; Tang Yanchun carry out through the uniaxial compression device that the fine observation mechanical test of rock salt under stress-dissolving coupling effect studied the variation of the mesomechanics character of rock salt, rock salt dissolving stage mechanical property and under different collapse states the Changing Pattern of rock salt erosion rate, for the further stress-dissolving coupling mechanism of research rock salt provides basic theory and experimental basis.And for example, the test of on the rock burst overall process mesomechanics experimental system of stress-current-chemical coupling that Wuhan Inst. of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences develops voluntarily, carrying out.Adopt the displacement load mode that the rock salt sample is carried out uniaxial compression test; When being loaded into a certain strain value, suspend loading, keep shift invariant.Through a series of loading, solubility test, just can draw rock salt under the uniaxial compression condition mesomechanics character, rock salt dissolving stage mechanical property variation and under different collapse states rock salt dissolving mass change rule.
Above-mentioned rock salt dissolving characteristic test device can only be realized the rock salt test specimen is carried out folk prescription to exerting pressure, and therefore all exist following not enough: one, rock salt only receives simple stress, stress that can't the suffered all directions of real simulation geology; Two, the hydraulic pressure of dissolving water is unfavorable for realizing that high pressure is adjustable, equally also can't real simulation rock salt when hydraulic pressure that constantly changes and current the speed of rock salt dissolving; Three, rock salt receives single shaft power, and dissolving water hydraulic pressure is not easy to regulate, and the result of rock salt dissolving characteristic test can not react actual conditions more really, and the test figure that is detected can not promote the use of in the actual engineering more accurately.
Summary of the invention
To weak point of the prior art; The invention provides and a kind ofly realize that three in rock salt is stressed; Hydraulic pressure, concentration, temperature and adjustable-speed, and easy to adjust, the device of the realization rock salt dissolution test under condition of triaxial stress that measuring accuracy is higher simultaneously; Adopt this device more can react the residing environment of geology really, the test figure of detection is truer.
The device of realization rock salt dissolution test under condition of triaxial stress provided by the invention comprises the bar of exerting pressure, sealable pressure chamber and seepage flow pressure head; The said bar of exerting pressure vertically passes the top of pressure chamber and radially stationary shaft is to slidably cooperating with it, and the said bar of exerting pressure cooperates with the top seal of pressure chamber through O-ring seal; Said pressure chamber is provided with oil hole, oil outlet and vent port, and the bottom of pressure chamber is dismountable bottom; Said seepage flow pressure head is two up and down, and last seepage flow pressure head is arranged on the bottom of the bar of exerting pressure, and following seepage flow pressure head is arranged on the middle part of bottom and vertically corresponding with last seepage flow pressure head, and rock salt test specimen to be tested is arranged between seepage flow pressure head and the following seepage flow pressure head; Said bar and the last seepage flow pressure head of exerting pressure is provided with water injection hole vertically, and said seepage flow pressure head down sets out the water hole vertically.
Further, also comprise wedge, said wedge is dismountable to be installed in the middle part of bottom and to put in the pressure chamber the said dismountable top that is installed in wedge of seepage flow pressure head down, the vertical through hole that is communicated with apopore that is provided with on the wedge;
Further, also comprise elevating mechanism, said elevating mechanism comprises motor, motor-driven nut block, screw mandrel, bearing seat and the guide pole that bearing seat is vertically led; Said screw mandrel vertically fixedly installs, and said nut block rotation set is on screw mandrel, and bearing seat cooperates on nut block and with its axially-fixed and radial is rotatable through bearing holder (housing, cover); Said guide pole is parallel with screw mandrel; Said bearing seat is fixedly connected with the bottom of bottom;
Further, the water injection hole on the said upward seepage flow pressure head is along the axis setting, and the apopore on the said seepage flow pressure head down is along the axis setting;
Further; Said middle part of going up the seepage flow pressure head radially outward is provided with two radial direction through hole I at least by the center; The bottom is provided with the rock salt connecting hole that equates with radial direction through hole I quantity and be communicated with the water inlet of rock salt test specimen to be tested, and said water injection hole, radial direction through hole I and rock salt connecting hole I are communicated with successively; Said seepage flow ram shaft down is to two axially extending bores that are communicated with the water delivering orifice of testing the rock salt test specimen to be measured are set at least; The top of said wedge radially outward is provided with the radial direction through hole II that equates with axially extending bore quantity by the center, and said axially extending bore, radial direction through hole II and through hole are communicated with successively;
Further, the said seepage flow pressure head of going up is through being threaded in the bottom of the bar of exerting pressure, and the upper surface of last seepage flow pressure head is sealed and matched through the bottom face of O-ring seal with the bar of exerting pressure; Said the seepage flow pressure head is through being threaded in the top of wedge down, and the lower surface of following seepage flow pressure head is sealed and matched through the upper surface of O-ring seal and wedge;
Further, the upper lateral of the said bar of exerting pressure is provided with dissolving water water inlet, and said dissolving water water inlet is communicated with water injection hole.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
1, the present invention utilizes the sealable pressure chamber and the bar of exerting pressure to combine, and in the bottom of the bar of exerting pressure the seepage flow pressure head is set, and seepage flow pressure head down is set on the bottom of pressure chamber; Rock salt test specimen to be tested is positioned between seepage flow pressure head and the following seepage flow pressure head; Injection pressure oil in the pressure chamber, what make the rock salt test specimen is in pressured state on every side, and bar applies axle pressure to the rock salt test specimen through exerting pressure; The rock salt sample is under the condition of triaxial stress fully, reaches the residing force environment that receives of real simulation geology; And can be big or small through the pressure of regulating the pressure oil and the bar of exerting pressure, thereby the triaxial stress of adjusting rock salt sample also can be in the environment under the continuous fluctuating stress state by real simulation rock salt simultaneously.
2, will dissolve water and pass through, to simulate rock salt at dissolving dissolution characteristics under water from water injection hole; The confined pressure and the axial compression of rock salt test specimen are adjustable simultaneously; The equal scalable of pressure, concentration, temperature and speed of dissolving water more can be under the state of continuous variation the dissolution velocity of rock salt by real simulation rock salt; To obtain more real experimental data, be used for instructing engineering actual.
3, the bottom detachable is installed in the bottom of pressure chamber; Bottom is installed on the elevating mechanism simultaneously; Behind the dismounting lower bottom cover, the rock salt sample that elevating mechanism can drive on bottom and the wedge that connects with bottom, following seepage flow pressure head and the following seepage flow pressure head descends, and the bar of exerting pressure is also along with descending together; During installation, rock salt sample to be detected is placed between seepage flow pressure head and the following seepage flow pressure head, just can the rock salt sample be risen in the pressure chamber through elevating mechanism, therefore, installation or removal are very convenient.
4, exert pressure bar and driving exerted pressure and need not between the power source of bar axial pressure to be fixedly connected, and the bar of exerting pressure is prone to change, and change convenient; Simultaneously, last seepage flow pressure head, following seepage flow pressure head are detachable the connection with wedge, damage and corrode the back and change conveniently.
5, adopt the guide pole guiding in the elevating mechanism, accurately the connecting hole with the bottom, pressure chamber was corresponding when bottom was risen, and simple installation, quick has shortened the set-up time.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of pressure chamber in apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of elevating mechanism;
Fig. 4 is last seepage flow pressure head and the structural representation of following seepage flow pressure head as rock salt test specimen seepage tests.
In the accompanying drawing, the 1-bar 2-31-of pressure chamber that exerts pressure goes up seepage flow pressure head 311-radial direction through hole I 312-rock salt connecting hole 321-radial direction through hole II 322-axially extending bore 4-bottom 5-water injection hole 6-apopore 61-through hole 7-wedge 8-motor 9-nut block 10-screw mandrel 11-guide pole 12-bearing seat 13-dissolving water water inlet 14-servo actuator 15-base 16-column 17-axial force sensor 18-speed reduction unit 19-bracing frame 20-chain 21-guide cover 22-orienting sleeve under the seepage flow pressure head 32-
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is done to describe in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is the structural representation of pressure chamber in apparatus of the present invention, and is as shown in the figure.The device of realizing rock salt dissolution test under condition of triaxial stress comprises base 15, the bar 1 of exerting pressure, drive servo actuator 14, sealable pressure chamber 2, seepage flow pressure head, wedge 7 and elevating mechanism that the bar 1 of exerting pressure is exerted pressure.The bottom periphery of chamber 2 of exerting pressure is mounted on the top of base 15 through bolt, and the top perimeter of the chamber 2 of exerting pressure is uniformly distributed with four root posts 16 upwards, the top of servo actuator 14 hard-wired four root posts are set.
The bar 1 of exerting pressure vertically pass pressure chamber 2 the top and with the top of pressure chamber 2 radially stationary shaft to slidably cooperating; The bar 1 of exerting pressure cooperates with the top seal of pressure chamber 2 through O-ring seal; The bottom fixed installation axial force sensor 17 of the PTO of servo actuator 14, the top of the bar 1 of exerting pressure is positioned at the below of axial force sensor 17.Pressure chamber 2 is provided with oil hole, oil outlet and vent port, and the bottom of pressure chamber 2 is dismountable bottom 4, and bottom 4 is positioned at base 15.The seepage flow pressure head is two up and down, and last seepage flow pressure head 31 is installed in the bottom of the bar 1 of exerting pressure through screw thread, and the upper surface of last seepage flow pressure head 31 is sealed and matched through the bottom face of the O-ring seal and the bar 1 of exerting pressure; Wedge 7 is installed in the middle part of bottom 4 through screw thread and is sealed and matched through O-ring seal and bottom 4; Wedge 7 tops put in the pressure chamber 2; Following seepage flow pressure head 32 is installed in the top of wedge 7 through screw thread; The lower surface of following seepage flow pressure head 32 is sealed and matched through the upper surface of O-ring seal and wedge 7, and last seepage flow pressure head 31 is vertically corresponding with following seepage flow pressure head 32, and rock salt test specimen to be tested is installed between seepage flow pressure head 31 and the following seepage flow pressure head 32.The bar 1 of exerting pressure is provided with water injection hole 5 vertically with last seepage flow pressure head 31, and following seepage flow pressure head 32 sets out water hole 6 vertically, and the through hole 61 that is communicated with apopore 6 vertically is set on the wedge 7.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of elevating mechanism, and is as shown in the figure, and elevating mechanism comprises speed reduction unit 18, nut block 9, screw mandrel 10, guide pole 11 and the bearing seat 12 that motor 8, motor 8 drive.Screw mandrel 10 vertically is fixedly mounted on the bottom of base 15; The top of screw mandrel 10 be positioned at bottom 4 under; Nut block 9 rotation sets are at the top of screw mandrel 10; Bearing seat 12 cooperates on the top of nut block 9 and with nut block 9 axially-fixed and radials are rotatable through bearing holder (housing, cover), and bearing seat 12 is fixedly connected with the bottom of bottom 8 through bracing frame 19.Guide pole 11 vertically is installed in the bottom of base 15, fixedly installs vertical orienting sleeve 22 on the bracing frame 19, said guide pole 11 pass orienting sleeve 22 and with orienting sleeve 22 clearance fit.The PTO of speed reduction unit 18 is connected with the bottom of chain 20 with nut block 9 through sprocket wheel.
Last seepage flow pressure head 31 and following seepage flow pressure head 32 are different according to experiment purpose, and the limbers of different structure can be set.In the present embodiment, the water injection hole 5 on the last seepage flow pressure head 31 is along the axis setting, and the apopore 6 on the following seepage flow pressure head 32 is tested mainly as the rock salt sample dissolution along the axis setting.
Certainly, last seepage flow pressure head 31 also can adopt other version with the limbers on the following seepage flow pressure head 32.As shown in Figure 4; The middle part of last seepage flow pressure head 31 radially outward is provided with two radial direction through hole I 311 (four radial direction through hole I are set in the present embodiment) at least by the center; The bottom is provided with the rock salt connecting hole 312 (also being provided with four in the present embodiment) that equates with radial direction through hole I 311 quantity and be communicated with the water inlet of rock salt test specimen to be tested, and said water injection hole 5, radial direction through hole I 311 and rock salt connecting hole 312 are communicated with successively.Said down seepage flow pressure head 32 axially is provided with two axially extending bores 322 (four axially extending bores are set in the present embodiment) that are communicated with the water delivering orifice of rock salt test specimen to be tested at least; The top of said wedge 7 radially outward is provided with the radial direction through hole II 321 (also being provided with four in the present embodiment) that equates with axially extending bore 322 quantity by the center, and said axially extending bore 322, radial direction through hole II 321 and through hole 61 are communicated with successively.The last seepage flow pressure head 31 of this structure and the seepage tests of following seepage flow pressure head 32 mainly as the rock salt sample.
The upper lateral of bar 1 of exerting pressure is provided with dissolving water water inlet 13, and dissolving water water inlet 13 is communicated with water injection hole 5, also is convenient in water injection hole 5 injection and dissolves water.In the present embodiment, guide cover 21 is installed in pressure chamber 2, the bar 1 of exerting pressure passes the pilot hole of guide cover 21 and is sealed and matched through O-ring seal and guide cover 21, and guide cover 21 mainly plays guiding to the bar 1 of exerting pressure.
When using this test unit, with the dismounting of the coupling bolt on the bottom 4, starter motor 8; Motor 8 drives speed reduction unit 18 and rotates, and speed reduction unit 18 is given nut block 9 through sprocket wheel and chain 20 with transmission of power, and nut block 9 is rotated along screw mandrel 10; The nut block 9 that descends drives bearing seat 12 and moves down together with bracing frame 19, and bottom 4, wedge 7, following seepage flow pressure head 32 and last seepage flow pressure head 31 descend thereupon, after decline puts in place; Testing crew will be to be tested the rock salt test specimen be placed on down between seepage flow pressure head 32 and the last seepage flow pressure head 31, and carry out rock salt test specimen encapsulation, after installing; Starter motor 8 once more, motor 8 counter-rotatings, and nut block 9 is upwards rotated along screw mandrel 10; Bearing seat 12 rises with bracing frame 19, and bottom 4, wedge 7, seepage flow pressure head 32, upward seepage flow pressure head 31 and the rising thereupon together of rock salt test specimen down are because of the guide effect of guide pole 11; The bottom 4 accurately connecting hole with 2 bottoms, pressure chamber is corresponding, and the bolt under the dismounting is installed.When beginning to test; Through the oiling in pressure chamber 2 of the oil hole in the pressure chamber 2, the gas in the pressure chamber 2 is discharged from vent port, after gas is discharged; Close vent valve; Start servo actuator 14, the rock salt test specimen is under the triaxial stress effect, through the high-pressure water pipe water flowing in the hole of rock salt test specimen that is connected with dissolving water water inlet; Just can carry out various test parameterss this moment to the influence of rock salt test specimen dissolution velocity test, as pressure, concentration, temperature and the speed of regulating three stressed and dissolving water are to detect the influence to rock salt test specimen dissolution velocity.
Explanation is at last; Above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described; Although with reference to preferred embodiment the present invention is specified, those of ordinary skill in the art should be appreciated that and can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention; And not breaking away from the aim and the scope of technical scheme of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a device of realizing rock salt dissolution test under condition of triaxial stress is characterized in that: comprise the bar of exerting pressure (1), sealable pressure chamber (2) and seepage flow pressure head; The said bar of exerting pressure (1) vertically passes the top of pressure chamber (2) and radially stationary shaft is to slidably cooperating with it, and the said bar of exerting pressure (1) cooperates with the top seal of pressure chamber (2) through O-ring seal; Said pressure chamber (2) is provided with oil hole, oil outlet and vent port, and the bottom of pressure chamber (2) is dismountable bottom (4); Said seepage flow pressure head is two up and down; Last seepage flow pressure head (31) is arranged on the bottom of the bar of exerting pressure (1); Following seepage flow pressure head (32) is arranged on the middle part of bottom (4) and vertically corresponding with last seepage flow pressure head (31), and rock salt test specimen to be tested is arranged between seepage flow pressure head (31) and the following seepage flow pressure head (32); Said bar of exerting pressure (1) and last seepage flow pressure head (31) are provided with water injection hole (5) vertically, and said seepage flow pressure head (32) down sets out water hole (6) vertically.
2. the device of realization rock salt dissolution test under condition of triaxial stress according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: also comprise wedge (7); Said wedge (7) is dismountable to be installed in the middle part of bottom (4) and to put in the pressure chamber (2); The said dismountable top that is installed in wedge (7) of seepage flow pressure head (32) down, wedge (7) are gone up the through hole (61) that is communicated with apopore (6) vertically are set.
3. the device of realization rock salt dissolution test under condition of triaxial stress according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: also comprise elevating mechanism, said elevating mechanism comprises motor (8), motor-driven nut block (9), screw mandrel (10), bearing seat (12) and the guide pole (11) that bearing seat (12) is vertically led; Said screw mandrel (10) vertically fixedly installs, and said nut block (9) rotation set is on screw mandrel (10), and bearing seat (12) upward and with its axially-fixed and radial is rotatable cooperates in nut block (9) through bearing holder (housing, cover); Said guide pole (11) is parallel with screw mandrel (10); Said bearing seat (12) is fixedly connected with the bottom of bottom (8).
4. the device of realization rock salt dissolution test under condition of triaxial stress according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: said middle part of going up seepage flow pressure head (31) radially outward is provided with two radial direction through hole I (311) at least by the center; The bottom is provided with the rock salt connecting hole (312) that equates with radial direction through hole I (311) quantity and be communicated with the water inlet of rock salt test specimen to be tested, and said water injection hole (5), radial direction through hole I (311) and rock salt connecting hole I (312) are communicated with successively; Said seepage flow pressure head (32) down axially is provided with two axially extending bores (322) that are communicated with the water delivering orifice of testing the rock salt test specimen to be measured at least; The top of said wedge (7) radially outward is provided with the radial direction through hole II (321) that equates with axially extending bore (322) quantity by the center, and said axially extending bore (322), radial direction through hole II (321) and through hole (61) are communicated with successively.
5. according to the device of the described realization rock salt dissolution test under condition of triaxial stress of each claim in the claim 2 to 5; It is characterized in that: the said seepage flow pressure head (31) of going up is through being threaded in the bottom of the bar of exerting pressure (1), and the upper surface of last seepage flow pressure head (31) is sealed and matched through the bottom face of O-ring seal with the bar (1) of exerting pressure; Said seepage flow pressure head (32) is through being threaded in the top of wedge (7) down, and the lower surface of following seepage flow pressure head (32) is sealed and matched through the upper surface of O-ring seal and wedge (7).
6. the device of realization rock salt dissolution test under condition of triaxial stress according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the upper lateral of the said bar of exerting pressure (1) is provided with dissolving water water inlet (13), and said dissolving water water inlet (13) is communicated with water injection hole (5).
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| CN 201010143938 CN101846668B (en) | 2010-04-09 | 2010-04-09 | Device for implementing rock salt dissolution test under condition of triaxial stress |
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| CN 201010143938 CN101846668B (en) | 2010-04-09 | 2010-04-09 | Device for implementing rock salt dissolution test under condition of triaxial stress |
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| CN101846668B true CN101846668B (en) | 2012-12-26 |
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