CN103760027A - Continuous and constant pressure rheological test device for coal rocks - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a continuous and constant pressure rheological test device for coal rocks. The device comprises a left frame and a right frame, which are fixed together with a foundation, wherein a pressure chamber seat is arranged between the left and right frames; a jacking mechanism is arranged on the lower part of the pressure chamber seat; the left frame is higher than the right frame; a first rod base is fixed on the upper part of the left frame, and a third rod base is fixed at the top of the left frame; a second rod base is fixed at the top of the right frame; a first rod, a second rod and a third rod are hinged to the first, second and third rod bases respectively; a pressure head opposite to the center of the pressure chamber seat is arranged on the lower part of the first rod; the first and second rods are connected through a primary connecting rod and a pin; the second and third rods are connected through a secondary connecting rod and a pin; a pressure block is connected to the left end, positioned on the third rod base, of the third rod through a steel wire, and a water tank is connected to the right end of the third rod through a steel wire; a water inlet and a water outlet are formed in the water tank. The device has the characteristics of simple structure, low machining cost, high reliability, convenience in operation and the like.

Description

Continuous pressure constant voltage coal rheology test unit

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of test unit, particularly relate to and a kind ofly for testing coal petrography, under continuous pressure pressure constant state, produce the test unit of rheology.

Background technology

In various coal and rock engineerings, the stress state of coal petrography, distortion and unstability have obvious time effect.The main order ground of coal rock rheology be the stress of setting up rock, distortion, with the relation of time.The research of coal rheology character is the important means of coal petrography nonlinear deformation unstable failure research, is the basis of setting up coal rheology constitutive model.Shop experiment has can long-term observation, can strict Control experiment condition, the advantage such as multiplicity is many and cost is few.But because rock engineering is in complex stress condition, be subject to the impact of rock itself (perviousness) and environment of living in thereof (temperature, water) larger, under many circumstances, the rock rheological test under Simple stress condition can not reflect rock mass stress state and the rock condition in engineering reality completely.

There is following problem in existing coal rheology test unit: (1) sample dimensions is little, can not reflect the impact of initial fissure on rheological behavior of rock in rock texture; (2) shortcoming such as the stress duration is short, the necessary being environment of trystate and rock has larger difference, is difficult to reflect the rheological behavior of rock under state of nature; (3) strain, that displacement measurement system obtains data volume is limited, and gained strain-time, stress time curve are coarse, have affected to a certain extent the research of rheological behavior of rock; (4) in process of the test, unavoidably there is personal error, thereby have influence on test findings; (5) can not test the rheological properties of rock under different temperatures, can not study the osmotic effect of rock in Rheologic; (6) and cost high.

Therefore those skilled in the art are devoted to develop and a kind ofly can more accurately reflect the actual and coal rheology test unit with low cost of engineering.

Summary of the invention

Because the above-mentioned defect of prior art, technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide and a kind ofly can more accurately reflects the actual and coal rheology test unit with low cost of engineering.

For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of continuous pressure constant voltage coal and rock rheological test device, comprise the left frame fixing with ground and correct frame; Between described left frame and correct frame, be provided with pressure chamber's seat; The bottom of described pressure chamber seat is provided with lifting body; Described left frame is higher than described correct frame; The top of described left frame is fixed with a bar base, and top is fixed with three bar bases; The top of described correct frame is fixed with two bar bases;

On a described bar base, two bar bases and three bar bases, be hinged with respectively a bar, two bars and three bars; The bottom of a described bar be provided with seat center, described pressure chamber over against pressure head; A described bar is connected with pin by one-level connecting rod with two bars; Described two bars are connected with pin by secondary connecting rod with three bars;

The left end that described three bars are positioned at described three bar bases is connected with briquetting by steel cable, and right-hand member is connected with water tank by steel cable; On described water tank, be provided with water inlet and water delivering orifice.

The top of described correct frame is fixed with metrology frame; The top of described metrology frame is provided with the arc centered by the pin joint of described three bars and three bar bases; The curved edge of described arc is evenly equipped with a plurality of dip hatches; The right-hand member of described three bars is fixed with measuring stick; On described measuring stick, be fixed with can with dip hatch described in each over against optical fibre displacement sensor.

Described optical fibre displacement sensor is " Y " type structure, and it merges end for fibre-optical probe, and two branch end are respectively luminous source optical fiber and accept optical fiber; Described luminous source optical fiber and accept the both sides that optical fiber lays respectively at described dip hatch.

For preventing that the power that lifting body produces from making continuous pressure constant voltage coal rheology experimental provision general frame that non-equilibrium vibrations occur, described lifting body comprises the cushion block fixing with the bottom of described pressure chamber seat; Described cushion block coordinates with leading screw; Described leading screw by stage-geared by driven by motor;

Between described left frame and correct frame, be fixed with stop-motion seat; Described leading screw passes described stop-motion seat and is supported by bearing; On described stop-motion seat, be fixed with arresting lever; The center, end of described leading screw is provided with latch; Described latch with win in succession fixing; Described one end and the support of winning in succession fixed, and the other end and described arresting lever are fixed; Described support and described ground are fixed.

Preferably, on described left frame and correct frame, be fixed with respectively left guide plate and right guide plate; Described pressure chamber seat coordinates with described left guide plate and right guide plate.

Preferably, the outer setting of described water tank has water level displaying tube.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

1. the load of axial loading system, expands power system by four connecting rods, expands step by step, is delivered to test specimen axial through the expansions of 250 times, and maximum axial stress 300KN has realized continuous constant axial and loaded.By machinery, expand power mode, changed rheological test device in the past and with hydraulic way, realized the mode axially loading, make load more stable; Four connecting rods expand power systems and the lever principle expansion power that rheological test machine used in the past, and to compare effect more obvious, be more prone to obtain the payload values that rheological test requires, make this system cost cheap, experimentation is more stable, can simulating natural environment under the Rheologic of coal petrography.

2. axially load the survey record that monitoring and controlling system adopts optical fibre displacement sensor to carry out displacement, optical fibre displacement sensor is a kind of non-contact measurement, there is probe little, fast response time, the advantages such as measure linear (in little displacement range) can be carried out high-speed displacement detection in little displacement range.

3. in test unit, not only can carry out triaxial rheology test but also can carry out rheological experiment of confined pressure triaxial creepage Seepage Experiment, confined pressure three axle Seepage Experiments, coal containing methane gas rock etc., realize several functions.

4. this continuous pressure constant voltage coal and rock rheology large-scale experiment device has simple in structurely, and processing cost is low, good reliability, the feature such as easy to operate.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged drawing at I place in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged drawing at II place in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is the left TV structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is the plan structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is the structure principle chart of optical fibre displacement sensor in the present invention.

Fig. 7 is the stressed sketch of four-bar mechanism in the present invention.

Fig. 8 is the force analysis figure of next bar of load balance state not in the present invention.

Fig. 9 is the force analysis figure of two bars under load balance state not in the present invention.

Figure 10 is the force analysis figure of three bars under load balance state not in the present invention.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described:

As shown in Figures 1 to 5, a kind of continuous pressure constant voltage coal and rock rheological test device, comprises the left frame 2 fixing with ground 1 and correct frame 3, and left frame 2 is higher than correct frame 3.On left frame 2 and correct frame 3, be fixed with respectively left guide plate 28 and right guide plate 27, between left guide plate 28 and right guide plate 29, be combined with pressure chamber's seat 4.

The top of left frame 2 is fixed with a bar base 5, and top is fixed with three bar bases 6, and the top of correct frame 3 is fixed with two bar bases 7.The bottom that is hinged with respectively a bar 8, two bars 9 and three bar 10, one bars 8 on one bar base 5, two bar bases 7 and three bar bases 6 be provided with pressure chamber's seat 4 centers over against pressure head 8a.One bar 8 is connected with pin by one-level connecting rod 11 with two bars 9, and two bars 9 are connected with pin by secondary connecting rod 12 with three bars 10.

The left end that three bars 10 are positioned at three bar bases 6 is connected with briquetting 13 by steel cable, and right-hand member is connected with water tank 14 by steel cable.On water tank 14, be provided with water inlet 14a and water delivering orifice 14b, the outer setting of water tank 14 has water level displaying tube 18.

The top of correct frame 2 is fixed with metrology frame 15, and the top of metrology frame 15 is provided with the arc 16 centered by the pin joint A of three bars 10 and three bar bases 6, and the curved edge of arc 16 is evenly equipped with a plurality of dip hatches 17.The right-hand member of three bars 10 is fixed with measuring stick 19, on measuring stick 19, be fixed with can with each dip hatch 17 over against optical fibre displacement sensor 18.Dip hatch is distributed in the edge of metrology frame upper end sector disk, optical fibre displacement sensor is arranged on the end of measuring stick, in experimentation, be axially subjected to displacement while changing, the position of measuring stick is along with changing, and optical fibre displacement sensor is recorded the quantity of dip hatch in change procedure.Can measure axial displacement variable quantity thus, and axially on controller panel, show.

As shown in Figure 6, optical fibre displacement sensor 18 is " Y " type structure, and it merges end for fibre-optical probe 18a, and two branch end are respectively luminous source optical fiber 18b and accept optical fiber 18c.Luminous source optical fiber 18b and accept the both sides that optical fiber 18c lays respectively at dip hatch 17.

Light is transmitted by luminous source optical fiber, then is reflected to reception optical fiber, finally by photoelectric commutator, is received.Luminous source optical fiber, receive optical fiber and be fixed on measuring stick end, be arranged on respectively the inside and outside both sides of dip hatch, only have when luminous source optical fiber, receive optical fiber, dip hatch three can receive light signal during conllinear.In experimentation, when measuring stick moves along with three bars, the light signal that Fibre Optical Sensor receives can alternately occur, by optical fibre displacement sensor, records displacement axial in experimentation.

The bottom of pressure chamber's seat 4 is provided with lifting body, and lifting body comprises the cushion block 20 fixing with the bottom of pressure chamber's seat 4; Cushion block 20 coordinates with leading screw 21; Leading screw 21 is driven by motor 22 by stage-geared.Cushion block 20 is delivered to pressure chamber's seat 4 uniformly by the displacement making progress producing, and makes pressure chamber's rise process steadily reliable.

Between left frame 2 and correct frame 3, be fixed with stop-motion seat 23, on stop-motion seat 23, be fixed with arresting lever 24.Leading screw 21 passes stop-motion seat 23 and is supported by bearing.The center, end of leading screw is provided with latch 25, latch 25 with win in succession 26 fixingly, 26 one end of winning in succession are fixing with support 27, the other end is fixing with arresting lever 24, support 27 and ground 1 are fixed.

When not loading coal petrography sample, and axial loading system is when equilibrium state, by a bar 8, two bars 9 and three bars 10, and the stressed sketch of the four-bar mechanism of one-level connecting rod 11 and secondary connecting rod 12 formations as shown in Figure 7, under this state, the hand of a bar 8, two bars 9 and three bars 10 the inside state is respectively as shown in Fig. 8, Fig. 9 and Figure 10

According to principle of moment balance, three bars, two bars, a bar are analyzed as follows:

G ₁L ₁+F ₂L ₂-G ₂（L ₃+L ₂）＝0

F ₂′（L ₄+L ₅）-F ₃L ₅＝0

F ₃′（L ₆+L ₇）-F′L ₇＝0

F ₂＝F ₂′

F ₃＝F ₃′

F＝F′

In conjunction with above formula, obtain:

${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="F"\; filenames="HDA0000452516870000011.png,HDA0000452516870000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">F</figure-callout>}}_2=\frac{G_2({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA0000452516870000011.png,HDA0000452516870000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_3+L_2)-G_1{L}_1}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA0000452516870000011.png,HDA0000452516870000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_2}=5g{G}_2-\frac{0.66}{0.35}\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="g\; G"\; filenames="HDA0000452516870000042.png,HDA0000452516870000051.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">g</figure-callout>}{G}_{}{}_1$

${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="F"\; filenames="HDA0000452516870000011.png,HDA0000452516870000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">F</figure-callout>}}_3={{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="F"\; filenames="HDA0000452516870000011.png,HDA0000452516870000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">F</figure-callout>}}_3}^{\&prime;}=\frac{{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="F"\; filenames="HDA0000452516870000011.png,HDA0000452516870000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">F</figure-callout>}}_2}^{\&prime;}(L_4+L_5)}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="5"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA0000452516870000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_5}=10\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="g\; F"\; filenames="HDA0000452516870000011.png,HDA0000452516870000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">g</figure-callout>}{F_{}}^{}{{}_2}^{\&prime;}=10\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="g\; F"\; filenames="HDA0000452516870000011.png,HDA0000452516870000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">g</figure-callout>}{F}_{}{}_2$

$F=F^{\&prime;}=\frac{{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="F"\; filenames="HDA0000452516870000011.png,HDA0000452516870000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">F</figure-callout>}}_3}^{\&prime;}({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="6"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA0000452516870000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_6+L_7)}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="7"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA0000452516870000022.png,HDA0000452516870000051.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_7}=5\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="g\; F"\; filenames="HDA0000452516870000011.png,HDA0000452516870000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">g</figure-callout>}{F_{}}^{}{{}_3}^{\&prime;}=5\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="g\; F"\; filenames="HDA0000452516870000011.png,HDA0000452516870000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">g</figure-callout>}{F}_{}{}_3$

$F=\frac{G_2({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA0000452516870000011.png,HDA0000452516870000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_3+L_2)-G_1{L}_1}{L_2}g\frac{(L_4+L_5)}{L_5}g\frac{({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="6"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA0000452516870000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_6+L_7)}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="7"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA0000452516870000022.png,HDA0000452516870000051.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_7}=250g{G}_2-\frac{660}{7}\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="g\; G"\; filenames="HDA0000452516870000042.png,HDA0000452516870000051.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">g</figure-callout>}{G}_{}{}_1=0$

Therefore right side Jia Shui

after, $F+\&dtri;F=250g({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="G"\; filenames="HDA0000452516870000011.png,HDA0000452516870000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">G</figure-callout>}}_2+\&dtri;G)-\frac{660}{7}\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="g\; G"\; filenames="HDA0000452516870000042.png,HDA0000452516870000051.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">g</figure-callout>}{G}_{}{}_1,$ Therefore $\&dtri;F=250g\&dtri;G,$ So be applied to the axial power perseverance of test specimen and be 250 times

and it is 10 times that two bars expand power multiple, it is 5 times that a bar expands power multiple.If the right side briquetting max cap. of axial loading system is 12L, in briquetting, is finally loaded into the axial stress of test specimen during topped up with water and can arrives 300KN.

Test can be carried out according to following steps:

(1) coal sample is made: raw coal is pulverized with comminutor, by vibratory screening apparatus, screen, screening 40～60 object fine coal, then after stablizing 20min with the moulding stress of 100MPa after coal dust being mixed with a certain amount of pure water in 2000kN Material Testing Machine, be pressed into the shaped coal test specimen of φ 50mm * 100mm, after finally the test specimen preparing being dried, be positioned in drying box standby.

(2) Preparatory work of experiment: about 1mm is smeared to 704 silicon rubber in test specimen side, to guarantee impermeability.Then test specimen is arranged in pressure chamber, with one section of cylinder heat-shrink tube growing about 40mm than coal sample, be enclosed within coal sample, pressurizing piston bar is positioned in coal sample simultaneously, with hair dryer, cylinder heat-shrink tube is evenly blown tightly, guarantee that cylinder heat-shrink tube and coal sample contacts side surfaces are tight, then with aglet, wale respectively the intersection of cylinder heat-shrink tube and back shaft and the pressurizing piston bar of test specimen upper and lower side, finally chain type radial displacement extensometer is installed on to the medium position of coal test specimen, connect data transmission wiring, Bing Jiang pressure chamber is arranged on pressure chamber's seat 4, then starter motor 22, make lifting body drive pressure chamber's seat 4 to rise, thereby the default pressurization breach in pressure chamber is coordinated with the pressure head 8a of a bar.If carry out uniaxial rheology experiment, should debug test specimen position according to the monitoring direction of thin sight Evolution System, connect thin evolution recording geometry and the acoustic emission system seen, check can normally working of each system.

(3) vacuum outgas: the impermeability of check test pressure chamber, open three-way valve, with vacuum pump, to carry out degassedly, the degassed time is generally 3～4h, to guarantee good degasifying effect.

(4) inflation and adsorption equilibrium: after degassed, close three-way valve, regulate the pressure loading valve of high pressure methane steel cylinder, apply the gas pressure of 1.0MPa, to test interacvity air-filling, inflationtime is 48h, makes coal sample reach abundant adsorption equilibrium.

(5) axially load: after test specimen is installed, open optical fibre displacement sensor, according to experimental program, design, in water tank, add water, reach after needed axle pressure, stop adding water, can record water level by water level displaying tube, and calculate amount of water, thereby obtain the size of the power that briquetting applies.Retainer shaft is to constant pressure, axial displacement variable in laser location system log (SYSLOG) rheological experiment process.

(6) confined pressure loads: after test specimen is installed, when axle pressure loads, open hydraulic control valve, treat that oil pressure rises to requirement of experiment and stops supplying with, keep stable pressurization.

(7) data acquisition and processing: in experimentation, pass through laser location system log (SYSLOG) axial stress and the strain of continuous pressure constant voltage axial loading system.According to testing program, record in time preservation related data, after test, process in time.

More than describe preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail.Should be appreciated that those of ordinary skill in the art just can design according to the present invention make many modifications and variations without creative work.Therefore, all technician in the art, all should be in the determined protection domain by claims under this invention's idea on the basis of existing technology by the available technical scheme of logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment.

Claims (6)

1. a continuous pressure constant voltage coal and rock rheological test device, comprises the left frame (2) fixing with ground (1) and correct frame (3); Between described left frame (2) and correct frame (3), be provided with pressure chamber's seat (4); The bottom of described pressure chamber seat (4) is provided with lifting body; It is characterized in that: described left frame (2) is higher than described correct frame (3); The top of described left frame (2) is fixed with a bar base (5), and top is fixed with three bar bases (6); The top of described correct frame (3) is fixed with two bar bases (7);

On a described bar base (5), two bar bases (7) and three bar bases (6), be hinged with respectively a bar (8), two bars (9) and three bars (10); The bottom of a described bar (8) be provided with described pressure chamber seat (4) center over against pressure head (8a); A described bar (8) is connected with pin by one-level connecting rod (11) with two bars (9); Described two bars (9) are connected with pin by secondary connecting rod (12) with three bars (10);

The left end that described three bars (10) are positioned at described three bar bases (6) is connected with briquetting (13) by steel cable, and right-hand member is connected with water tank (14) by steel cable; On described water tank (14), be provided with water inlet (14a) and water delivering orifice (14b).

2. continuous pressure constant voltage coal and rock rheological test device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the top of described correct frame (2) is fixed with metrology frame (15); The top of described metrology frame (15) is provided with the arc (16) centered by the pin joint (A) of described three bars (10) and three bar bases (6); The curved edge of described arc (16) is evenly equipped with a plurality of dip hatches (17); The right-hand member of described three bars (10) is fixed with measuring stick (19); On described measuring stick (19), be fixed with can with dip hatch described in each (17) over against optical fibre displacement sensor (18).

3. continuous pressure constant voltage coal and rock rheological test device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described optical fibre displacement sensor (18) is " Y " type structure, it merges end for fibre-optical probe (18a), and two branch end are respectively luminous source optical fiber (18b) and accept optical fiber (18c); Described luminous source optical fiber (18b) and accept the both sides that optical fiber (18c) lays respectively at described dip hatch (17).

4. the continuous pressure constant voltage coal and rock rheological test device as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, is characterized in that: described lifting body comprises the cushion block (20) fixing with the bottom of described pressure chamber seat (4); Described cushion block (20) coordinates with leading screw (21); Described leading screw (21) is driven by motor (22) by stage-geared;

Between described left frame (2) and correct frame (3), be fixed with stop-motion seat (23); Described leading screw (21) passes described stop-motion seat (23) and is supported by bearing; On described stop-motion seat (23), be fixed with arresting lever (24); The center, end of described leading screw is provided with latch (25); Described latch (25) is fixing with win in succession (26); Described winning in succession (26) one end and support (27) are fixing, and the other end and described arresting lever (24) are fixing; Described support (27) is fixing with described ground (1).

5. the continuous pressure constant voltage coal and rock rheological test device as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, is characterized in that: on described left frame (2) and correct frame (3), be fixed with respectively left guide plate (28) and right guide plate (29); Described pressure chamber seat (4) coordinates with described left guide plate (28) and right guide plate (29).

6. the continuous pressure constant voltage coal and rock rheological test device as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, is characterized in that: the outer setting of described water tank (14) has water level displaying tube (18).

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