CN104913977A - Indoor frozen soil model pile static force loading experimental device and method - Google Patents
Indoor frozen soil model pile static force loading experimental device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an indoor frozen soil model pile static force loading experimental device and method. The device comprises a workbench, a loading framework, a self-balance lever static force loading device, a refrigerating system, a pile soil model, a displacement measurement system and a strain testing system, wherein the workbench is arranged on a horizontal plane; the loading framework is vertically welded on the workbench; the self-balance lever static force loading device, the refrigerating system and the pile soil model are installed from the top of the outer side to the bottom of the inner side of the overloading framework in a matched mode from top to bottom sequentially; the displacement measurement system and the strain testing system are arranged on the external side wall of the loading framework; the displacement measurement system extends into the loading framework and is connected to the part between the refrigerating system and the pile soil model; the strain testing system extends into the pile soil model. The indoor frozen soil model pile static force loading experimental device and method can overcome defects of high cost, high maintenance expense, long time and the like in the prior art so as to achieve the advantages of low cost, low maintenance expense and short time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of laboratory testing rig in civil engineering field, particularly, relate to a kind of indoor frozen soil model stake static loading experimental provision and method.
Background technology
The gravity load of buildings and load-bearing load can be delivered to the better ground deep of mechanical property by the pile foundation as buildings substructure, thus avoid or reduce the Non-uniform Settlement of buildings.Along with countries in the world skyscraper, high-speed railway and bridge etc. to have a large amount of construction of rigors buildings to settling amount, the strength performance of pile foundation and the rheological characteristics research of stake soil day by day noticeable, and the key problem becoming this type of structural design, must consider when constructing.
Frozen soil is a kind ofly rich in lower than zero degrees celsius the soil body freezing water, do not freeze water, and its total area accounts for 50% of land surface.Frozen soil is rich in ice crystal, and under extraneous pressure and temperature load action, solid particle contacts point place stress occurs and concentrates, and will cause sticky moulding flowing or the thawing of ice, and water translocation occurs, and thus, frozen soil is the obvious material medium of a kind of rheological characteristics.The rheological characteristics of frozen soil directly can affect the mechanical characteristic of stake, so must consider the rheological effect of Pile Soil in Pile in Frozen Soil design, construction.
Usually the static load test of pile foundation be can carry out before Pile Foundations Design, the load-bearing capacity of immediate settlement relation acquisition stake according to actual measurement stake and the failure mode of observation stake its objective is.Single pile static loading experiment can be divided into two classes according to experiment purpose: engineering detecting replication experiment and Research experiment.Research experiment normally in order to understand, disclose and inquire into certain theoretical question, as the load transfer mechanism of stake, Pile Soil rheological effect etc.Although static load original shape full-scale investigation is checking or studies that certain theory is the most directly perceived, method reliably, as a kind of measuring technology, it exists, and experiment has high input, length consuming time, cost are high, and restraining factors are many, the many defects that even cannot carry out original shape experiment.And provide a kind of effective ways based on the Model Pile test of similarity theory for studying, exploring and deal with problems.
Model Pile experiment is the actual working state according to pile foundation, carry out rationally conceiving all sidedly, set up the model with prototype with similarity rule, by scientific instrument instrument and experimental facilities, Control release condition artificially, the stress deformation feature of research pile foundation when a certain situation.At present, Model Pile laboratory experiment has become the Main Means of research pile foundation bearer properties, the research of Pile Soil Rheological Regularity, and is used widely.
Current, frozen soil model stake shop experiment mainly adopts MTS universal testing machine device, and it is expensive, and maintenance cost is high, has become scientific research, the keeping in check of experimental teaching.
Realizing in process of the present invention, inventor finds at least to exist in prior art the defects such as cost is high, maintenance cost is large and spended time is long.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, for the problems referred to above, propose a kind of indoor frozen soil model stake static loading experimental provision, to realize the advantage that cost is low, maintenance cost is little and take a short time.
The second object of the present invention is, proposes a kind of indoor frozen soil model stake static loading experimental technique.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of indoor frozen soil model stake static loading experimental provision, comprise setting worktable in the horizontal plane, vertically be welded on the loading frame on described worktable, from up to down coordinate successively and be arranged on described loading frame outside top to the self-equilibrating lever static force loading device of inside bottom, refrigeration system and pile-soil model, and be arranged on displacement measurement system and the strain measurement system of described loading frame exterior side wall; Described displacement measurement system, stretches into loading frame and is connected to position between refrigeration system and pile-soil model; Described strain measurement system, stretches to pile-soil model.
Further, described worktable, comprises vertically symmetrically arranged 4 root posts, is arranged on the table top on described 4 root post tops, and is arranged on the crossbeam in described 4 root posts between adjacent 2 root posts.
Further, described loading frame, comprises the character "door" form structure be welded into by left and right pillar and top head piece, and is arranged on the mounting hole on head piece; Described column and head piece all adopt two bar to have gap weldig structure; The width of described character "door" form structure and be highly all greater than width and the height of low-temperature test chamber.
Further, described self-equilibrating lever static force loading device, comprise the lever be horizontally set on above described loading frame, be arranged on the web member between described lever and loading frame, be arranged on the counterweight of described lever one end, be arranged on the counterweight of the described lever other end, be arranged on the hinge of described lever near end, counterweight one end, and extend pile-soil model through refrigeration system and be vertically arranged on the transmission rod described its intermediate part and pile-soil model.
Further, one end of described lever is connected with scale pan by finer wire, and the other end of lever makes threaded rod, and threaded rod is furnished with counterweight, and counterweight threadingly can rotate forward-reverse by bar, realizes the self-equilibrating of lever;
Three groups of web members after in before the medium position of described lever is provided with, intermediate connector lower end and the hinged fulcrum as lever of loading frame consolidation, upper end and lever; Current web member lower end and transmission rod hinged time implementation model stake compressive load applying, when rear connectors lower end and transmission rod hinged time implementation model stake tension load applying; Transmission rod and web member hinged, guarantee web member, transmission rod and stake three vertical and conllinear time hinged.
Further, described refrigeration system, comprises the low-temperature test chamber being arranged on described loading frame inside, is arranged on the temperature inductor of described low-temperature test chamber inside; Described low-temperature test chamber can provide frozen soil model stake experimental situation, all has via hole at the top of low-temperature test chamber and sidepiece.
Further, described displacement measurement system, comprise be arranged on loading frame inside and between refrigeration system and pile-soil model the displacement meter at position, be arranged on the dynamic strain measuring analytic system of loading frame outside, the displacement meter be connected between described displacement meter and dynamic strain measuring analytic system goes between, and be connected with described dynamic strain measuring analytic system, can the computing machine of real-time storage displacement data.
Further, described strain measurement system, comprise the foil gauge of each measuring point being covered in described pile-soil model, be arranged on the static state strain measurement system of loading frame outside, the foil gauge be connected between described foil gauge and static state strain measurement system goes between,, and be connected with described static state strain measurement system, can the computing machine of real-time storage displacement data.
Further, described pile-soil model, comprise and be horizontally set on described loading frame inside bottom and experiment barrel for making the stake of experiment frozen soil model, and to be vertically arranged on bottom self-equilibrating lever static force loading device and to stretch into the concrete pile of experiment barrel; Periphery that is inner at described experiment barrel, concrete pile is filled with pile peripheral earth; Described concrete pile is connected with strain measurement system.
Meanwhile, another technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: the indoor frozen soil model stake static loading experimental technique that a kind of and above-described indoor frozen soil model stake static loading experimental provision matches, comprising:
Make laboratory experiment Model Pile used and pile-soil model, and utilize electric soldering iron after posting foil gauge by point position by foil gauge together with overhanging wire bonds;
Choose experiment soil around pile, according to experimental design, respective handling is carried out to it, put into the tamping in layers of experiment bucket after pending in batches, stake base thickness degree, the buried depth thickness of stake model, the freeze-off times of pile-soil model etc. must be undertaken by the requirement of frozen soil experiment specification;
Based on the Model Pile of above-mentioned making, choose the transmission rod of the length that matches, one end and lever join, by adjustment lever balance balance position, when making not load lever be horizontal, the transmission rod other end and stake top contact and conllinear;
The circuit connecting foil gauge wire is connected with static strain testing analytic system, the displacement meter connecting dynamic strain measuring analytic system is placed into displacement at pile top measuring position;
Check errorless after start to carry out loading experiment, loading scheme should be tested classification according to pile foundation and be pre-established.Bearing capacity of pile foundation experiment adopts hierarchical loading scheme, and Pile Soil rheological experiment adopts constant load scheme;
Displacement meter, dynamic strain measuring instrument and computer measurement, collection stake top real-time displacement data message is utilized in test; Utilize foil gauge, static strain testing instrument and computer measurement, collection pile strain data message.
The indoor frozen soil model stake static loading experimental provision of various embodiments of the present invention and method, because this device comprises setting worktable in the horizontal plane, vertical welding loading frame on the table, from up to down coordinate successively and be arranged on loading frame outside top to the self-equilibrating lever static force loading device of inside bottom, refrigeration system and pile-soil model, and be arranged on displacement measurement system and the strain measurement system of loading frame exterior side wall; Displacement measurement system, stretches into loading frame and is connected to position between refrigeration system and pile-soil model; Strain measurement system, stretches to pile-soil model; Thus the defect that in prior art, cost is high, maintenance cost is large and spended time is long can be overcome, to realize the advantage that cost is low, maintenance cost is little and take a short time.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the following description, and, partly become apparent from instructions, or understand by implementing the present invention.
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and forms a part for instructions, together with embodiments of the present invention for explaining the present invention, is not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention's indoor frozen soil model stake static loading experimental provision;
Fig. 2 is the schematic three dimensional views of worktable in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is loading frame schematic three dimensional views in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is that in the present invention, loading frame schematic three dimensional views is self-equilibrating lever static force loading device arm of force relation schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is indoor frozen soil model stake static loading schematic flow sheet in the present invention.
By reference to the accompanying drawings, in the embodiment of the present invention, Reference numeral is as follows:
100-self-equilibrating lever static force loading device, 200-refrigeration system, 300-displacement measurement system, 400-strain measurement system, 500-worktable, 600-pile-soil model;
11-lever, 12-counterweight, 13-counterweight, 14-web member, 15-cuts with scissors, 16-transmission rod, 17-loading frame; 21-low-temperature test chamber, 22-temperature inductor; 31-displacement meter, 32-dynamic strain measuring analytic system, 33-displacement meter goes between; 41-foil gauge, 42-static strain testing analytic system, 43-foil gauge goes between; 51-table top, 52-column, 53-tie-beam; 61-concrete pile, 62-pile peripheral earth.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, should be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein is only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1-Figure 5, provide a kind of indoor frozen soil model stake static loading experimental provision and method, specifically the static loading experimental provision of the indoor rheological experiment of a kind of frozen soil model stake and load-carrying properties laboratory experiment and method.
Technical scheme of the present invention, a kind of self-equilibrating lever loading device is connected with the Model Pile in low-temperature test chamber by loading frame, basic load is applied by counterweight, the cost of the indoor static loading experiment equipment of pile foundation is significantly reduced, the experiment relating to static(al) hierarchical loading in indoor model stake experiment, constant load is correlated with can be realized.The material of this indoor frozen soil model stake static loading experimental provision is steel.
In technical scheme of the present invention, a kind of indoor frozen soil model stake static loading experimental provision, comprises worktable 500, refrigeration system 200, loading frame 17, self-equilibrating lever static force loading device self-equilibrating lever static force loading device 100, displacement measurement system 300 and strain measurement system 400.
Wherein, worktable 500 comprises table top 51, column 52 and crossbeam (i.e. tie-beam 53), and its function plays a supportive role to loading frame, low-temperature test chamber, and Size dependence is in the size in low-temperature test chamber, and height is advisable with 70 ~ 80cm, and material is steel.
Refrigeration system 200 comprises low-temperature test chamber 21 and temperature inductor 22.Low-temperature test chamber provides frozen soil model stake experimental situation, and its top and side all have an aperture, and facilitate transmission rod and circuit turnover chamber, chamber must provide temperature detection to show, energy control temperature.
Loading frame 17 welds on the table, is welded into a font by left and right pillar and top head piece; For reducing loading frame own variable to the impact of experimental result, column and head piece all adopt two bar to have gap weldig structure; Loading frame width and height must be greater than low-temperature test chamber width and height.
Self-equilibrating lever static force loading device 100, comprises lever 11, counterweight 12, counterweight 13, bolt 14, hinge 15 and transmission rod 16.Lever 11 one end is connected with scale pan by finer wire, and the other end makes threaded rod, it is furnished with counterweight 12, and counterweight threadingly can rotate forward-reverse by bar, can realize the self-equilibrating of lever easily.In before lever is provided with after three groups of web members 14, intermediate connector lower end and loading frame consolidation, upper end and lever hinged, as the fulcrum of lever; Current web member lower end and transmission rod hinged time implementation model stake compressive load applying, when rear connectors lower end and transmission rod hinged time implementation model stake tension load applying.Transmission rod and the web member of self-equilibrating lever static force loading device are hinged, guarantee web member, transmission rod and stake three vertical and conllinear time hinged.
Particularly, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of indoor frozen soil model stake static loading experimental provision, comprise worktable, be fixed on the loading frame 17 on worktable 500, be positioned over the low-temperature test chamber 21 on worktable 500 in loading frame 17, for measuring the temperature inductor 22 of low-temperature test chamber environment temperature, be placed in the self-equilibrating lever static force loading device 100 on loading frame 17 top, for making the experiment barrel of experiment frozen soil model stake, for a displacement meter 31 of measurement model stake displacement at pile top and by wire (as displacement meter lead-in wire 33) the dynamic strain measuring analytic system 32 that is connected with displacement meter 31, for measuring pile body strain, by multiple foil gauges (as foil gauge 41) of point layout and by wire (as foil gauge lead-in wire 43) the static strain testing analytic system 42 that is connected with foil gauge, one by circuit with dynamically, static strain testing analytic system is connected, for collecting, the computing machine of analysis design mothod data.
Wherein, worktable comprises base, column and table top, its function plays a supportive role to loading frame, low-temperature test chamber, Size dependence is in the size in low-temperature test chamber, height is advisable with 70 ~ 80cm, material is steel, and column and table top should possess stronger rigidity, makes the distortion can ignoring worktable during Model Pile static loading experiment.
Loading frame is consolidated in table surface after being welded into a font by 3 groups of steel poles, and wherein back timber, left and right pillar all adopt two steel pole structure, to increase the rigidity of loading frame, resistance to deformation, reduces experimental error, improves precision; Described back timber is arranged porose, to install lever loading device.Described loading frame size is close to low-temperature test chamber with column, and highly comparatively high 5 ~ 10 centimetres of chamber is advisable.
Self-equilibrating lever static force loading device is made up of lever, counterweight, counterweight, transmission rod and 3 groups of web members, lever one end connects scale pan by steel wire, the other end is provided with threaded rod and counterweight, and the position by changing counterweight realizes the self-equilibrating of lever.In before lever is provided with after three groups of web members, intermediate connector lower end and loading frame consolidation, upper end and lever hinged, as the fulcrum of lever; Current web member lower end and transmission rod hinged time implementation model stake compressive load applying, when rear connectors lower end and transmission rod hinged time implementation model stake tension load applying.Transmission rod one end has circular hole, is connected with lever shaft by straight pin, and the transmission rod other end, through the hole of low-temperature test chamber, acts on the stake top backing plate of Model Pile.Self-equilibrating lever loads, and the counterweight load arm of force is 10 times of the pile top load arm of force, and the static load of thus transmission rod transmission is 10 times of counterweight gravity load.Further, by changing lever length or position of the fulcrum, the pile top load of other multiples can also be obtained.
Low-temperature test chamber is the model experiment pile foundation container setting up frozen soil environment, temperature sensor is provided with in it, low-temperature test chamber is customizable, its top just in and side sidewall all have aperture, so that transmission rod, the wire that connects displacement meter, foil gauge and dynamically/static strain testing analytic system pass.Experiment bucket can according to Model Pile size Selection size, as the container of pile foundation soil.
Displacement meter, dynamic strain measuring system, connection line form displacement measurement system of the present invention, directly can select the assembling product of relevant enterprise, and this system also can be used for other measurements about displacement.
Be affixed on the foil gauge of each measuring point of Model Pile, static state strain measurement system and connection line and form strain measurement system of the present invention, directly can select the assembling product of relevant enterprise, this system also can be used for other about strain measurement.
Meanwhile, the another kind of technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: the static loading experimental technique that a kind of and above-mentioned indoor frozen soil model stake static loading experimental provision matches, comprising:
According to similarity rule, make laboratory experiment Model Pile used, and utilize electric soldering iron after posting foil gauge by point position by foil gauge together with overhanging wire bonds;
Choose experiment soil around pile, according to experimental design, respective handling is carried out to it, put into the tamping in layers of experiment bucket after pending in batches, stake base thickness degree, the buried depth thickness of stake model, the freeze-off times of pile-soil model etc. must be undertaken by the requirement of frozen soil experiment specification;
Based on the Model Pile of above-mentioned making, choose the transmission rod of the length that matches, one end and lever join, by adjustment lever balance balance position, when making not load lever be horizontal, the transmission rod other end and stake top contact and conllinear;
The circuit connecting foil gauge wire is connected with static strain testing analytic system, the displacement meter connecting dynamic strain measuring analytic system is placed into displacement at pile top measuring position;
Check errorless after start to carry out loading experiment, loading scheme should be tested classification according to pile foundation and be pre-established.Bearing capacity of pile foundation experiment adopts hierarchical loading scheme, and Pile Soil rheological experiment adopts constant load scheme;
Displacement meter, dynamic strain measuring instrument and computer measurement, collection stake top real-time displacement data message is utilized in test; Utilize foil gauge, static strain testing instrument and computer measurement, collection pile strain data message.
Compared with prior art, technical scheme of the present invention, the beneficial effect that at least can reach is:
(1) utilize counterweight to conduct oneself with dignity and apply static load by lever, simple to operate, easily realize, not consumed energy; In Model Pile experiment, by changing balance pivot position or lever length, the stake top static load of different counterweight gravity load ratio can be obtained, the demand that indoor model experiments stake loads can be met completely.
(2) utilize lever-loading, the stability of stake top static load can be guaranteed, ensure that the accuracy of static loading experiment.In prior art, the hydraulic system that adopts applies static load more, but the sedimentation of stake under load action makes the static load applied with hydraulic way lose, and affects the precision of experimental result; And transmission rod can not be separated with stake end face because of the sedimentation of stake during lever-loading, ensure that stability and the persistence of stake top static load.
(3) experimental provision structure is simple, cheap.In prior art, the electro-hydraulic servo testing machine MTS-810 that indoor model stake static loading experiment many employings American MTS company produces, its price is more than 2,000,000 Renminbi, and maintenance cost is also very high, significantly limit carrying out of pile foundation laboratory experiment, particularly limit the carrying out of pile foundation experimental teaching.Total cost of the present invention is no more than 50,000 yuan of name coin, and displacement measurement register system and strain measurement register system all can share with its experimental apparatus, can reduce further laboratory equipment buying expense.
Such as, see Fig. 1, the indoor frozen soil model stake static loading experimental provision of the present embodiment, comprises worktable 500, low-temperature test chamber 200, loading frame 17, self-equilibrating lever static force loading device 100, displacement measurement system 300, strain measurement system 400 and pile-soil model 600.
Here, the worktable 500 of indoor frozen soil model stake static loading experimental provision is made up of table top 51, column 52 and crossbeam 53 3 part; Table top material steel plate, size is according to low low-temperature test chamber selection of dimension, and in the present embodiment, mesa dimensions is 600 × 800 × 15mm; Four root posts and eight crossbeams all adopt I-shaped shaped steel, and the two is welded into the support frame of worktable, and the collar tie beam size that crossbeam surrounds should be slightly less than low-temperature test chamber bed-plate dimension, are 50 × 700mm in the present embodiment; Worktable height overall 750mm, the worktable schematic three dimensional views in the present embodiment is shown in Fig. 2.
Loading frame 17 welds on the table, is welded into a font by left and right pillar and top head piece; For reducing loading frame own variable to the impact of experimental result, column and head piece all adopt two bar to have gap weldig structure; Head piece has the multiple circular holes installing lever support, changes lever link position to facilitate; Loading frame width and height must be greater than low-temperature test chamber width and height, and in the present embodiment, its width is 790mm, be highly 950mm, Fig. 4 is loading frame schematic three dimensional views.
Low-temperature test chamber 200 is obtained by the transformation of a single open-door DW-40 low-temperature test chamber 21, and its top center position has opened a diameter 15mm hole, so that transmission rod 16 can be inserted into chamber; Its side sidewall also has diameter 10mm hole, so that the connecting line of displacement measurement system 300 and strain measurement system 400 passes.This low-temperature test chamber is equipped with temperature setting device, lighting device, temperature display and temperaturecontrol sensor 22, its minimum temperature can be low to moderate-40 DEG C, and the error range of design temperature can control within the scope of 0.2 DEG C.Described chamber physical dimension 540 × 785 × 885mm, Xiang Nei operating room size 380 × 430 × 600mm.
Self-equilibrating lever static force loading device 100, comprises lever 11, counterweight 12, counterweight 13, bolt 14, hinge 15 and transmission rod 16.Lever 11 one end is connected with scale pan by finer wire, and the other end makes threaded rod, it is furnished with counterweight 12, and counterweight threadingly can rotate forward-reverse by bar, can realize the self-equilibrating of lever easily.In before lever is provided with after three groups of web members 14, intermediate connector lower end and loading frame consolidation, upper end and lever hinged, as the fulcrum of lever; Current web member lower end and transmission rod hinged time implementation model stake compressive load applying, when rear connectors lower end and transmission rod hinged time implementation model stake tension load applying.Fig. 2 is the present embodiment lever static loading arm of force relation schematic diagram, and Model Pile compressive load is 10 times of counterweight load.The present embodiment adopt transmission rod and front web member hinged, guarantee web member, transmission rod and stake three vertical and conllinear time hinged.
Displacement measurement system 300 by model be the displacement meter 31 of GHSI750-4-20mA, DH3817 dynamic strain measuring analytic system 32 and connecting line (namely displacement meter goes between 33) form; Displacement meter range 0 ~ 10mm, dynamic strain measuring analytic system is connected the real-time storage realizing displacement data with computing machine.
Strain measurement system 400 is made up of many groups foil gauge 41, DH3816 static strain testing analytic system 42 and the connecting line 43 be pasted on Model Pile strain measuring point; Static strain testing analytic system is connected the Timing measurement and storage that realize measuring point strain data with computing machine.
Indoor frozen soil model experiment stake (i.e. pile-soil model 600) adopts concrete pile 61, and foil gauge is pasted onto in Model Pile successively by point position; Pile peripheral earth 62 adopts Lanzhou standard loess.According to related experiment regulation, prepare frozen soil model pile foundation and be positioned over low-temperature test chamber being refrigerated to requirement of experiment temperature.
Use the displacement measurement system 300 in above-described embodiment and strain measurement system 400, connection line is connected, adopt hierarchical loading to carry out bearing capacity of pile foundation performance test.
In the present embodiment, the use flow process of experimental facilities as shown in Figure 5.
In technical scheme of the present invention, the installation method of indoor frozen soil model stake static loading experimental provision first the worktable processed is arranged to a certain position, laboratory, then loading frame is welded, and the loading frame processed is welded to table surface, low-temperature test chamber is placed on table surface, makes loading frame be positioned at directly over low-temperature test chamber; Again lever is bonded on loading frame by bolt, connects scale pan, screw in counterweight.
In technical scheme of the present invention, indoor frozen soil model stake static loading experimental provision in the flow process of Model Pile static loading experiment is: first according to requirement of experiment and the stake of related specifications analogue formation, arrange measuring point, measuring point pastes foil gauge for subsequent use; Next processes soil around pile, and makes pile-soil model in experiment bucket, is placed into low-temperature test chamber and is chilled to and meets requirement of experiment; On lever, again install the transmission rod matched with Model Pile length, when adjustment transmission rod position and counterweight make zero load, lever is up to the standard, transmission rod and the vertical conllinear of stake; Again connect foil gauge circuit and statical strain indicator test macro, displacement meter and dynamic strain measuring analytic system, and displacement meter is placed to stake top assigned address, and two strain measurement systems are connected with computing machine respectively; Finally add counterweight according to the capacity value determined, carry out static loading experiment, record experimental data and analysis design mothod data.
Technical scheme of the present invention, disclose a kind of indoor frozen soil model stake static loading experimental provision and method, this device comprises worktable, be fixed on the loading frame on worktable, be positioned over the low-temperature test chamber on worktable in loading frame, for measuring the temperature inductor of chamber environment temperature, be placed in the self-equilibrating lever static force loading device on framework top, for the frozen soil model stake of testing, dynamic strain measuring analytic system is taken into account in a displacement for measurement model stake displacement at pile top, for measuring multiple foil gauge and the static strain testing analytic system of pile body strain, for collecting, a computing machine of analysis design mothod data.Technical scheme of the present invention, can carry out the experimental study of indoor frozen soil model stake Bearing Behavior of Pile and Pile Soil Rheological Regularity, have test accurately, floor area is little, simple structure, cost are low, easy to assembly, the advantage of power and energy saving.
Technical scheme of the present invention, adopt the self-equilibrating lever static force loading device of simple, easy to operate, easy processing, designed experimental provision total cost is no more than 50,000 yuan, if consider the universal of displacement measuring device and strain gauge means, and non-frozen soil model stake does not need the feature of cryogenic box, its cost will significantly reduce.
Last it is noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an indoor frozen soil model stake static loading experimental provision, it is characterized in that, comprise setting worktable in the horizontal plane, vertically be welded on the loading frame on described worktable, from up to down coordinate successively and be arranged on described loading frame outside top to the self-equilibrating lever static force loading device of inside bottom, refrigeration system and pile-soil model, and be arranged on displacement measurement system and the strain measurement system of described loading frame exterior side wall; Described displacement measurement system, stretches into loading frame and is connected to position between refrigeration system and pile-soil model; Described strain measurement system, stretches to pile-soil model.
2. indoor frozen soil model stake static loading experimental provision according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described worktable, comprise vertically symmetrically arranged 4 root posts, be arranged on the table top on described 4 root post tops, and be arranged on the crossbeam in described 4 root posts between adjacent 2 root posts.
3. indoor frozen soil model stake static loading experimental provision according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described loading frame, comprises the character "door" form structure be welded into by left and right pillar and top head piece, and be arranged on the mounting hole on head piece; Described column and head piece all adopt two bar to have gap weldig structure; The width of described character "door" form structure and be highly all greater than width and the height of low-temperature test chamber.
4. indoor frozen soil model stake static loading experimental provision according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described self-equilibrating lever static force loading device, comprise the lever be horizontally set on above described loading frame, be arranged on the web member between described lever and loading frame, be arranged on the counterweight of described lever one end, be arranged on the counterweight of the described lever other end, be arranged on the hinge of described lever near end, counterweight one end, and extend pile-soil model stake through refrigeration system and be vertically arranged on the transmission rod described its intermediate part and pile-soil model stake.
5. indoor frozen soil model stake static loading experimental provision according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, one end of described lever is connected with scale pan by finer wire, the other end of lever makes threaded rod, threaded rod is furnished with counterweight, counterweight threadingly can rotate forward-reverse by bar, realizes the self-equilibrating of lever;
Three groups of web members after in before the medium position of described lever is provided with, intermediate connector lower end and the hinged fulcrum as lever of loading frame consolidation, upper end and lever; Current web member lower end and transmission rod hinged time implementation model stake compressive load applying, when rear connectors lower end and transmission rod hinged time implementation model stake tension load applying; Transmission rod and web member hinged, guarantee web member, transmission rod and stake three vertical and conllinear time hinged.
6. indoor frozen soil model stake static loading experimental provision according to claim 1, is characterized in that described refrigeration system comprises the low-temperature test chamber being arranged on described loading frame inside, is arranged on the temperature inductor of described low-temperature test chamber inside; Described low-temperature test chamber can provide frozen soil model stake experimental situation, all has via hole at the top of low-temperature test chamber and sidepiece.
7. indoor frozen soil model stake static loading experimental provision according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described displacement measurement system, comprise be arranged on loading frame inside and between refrigeration system and pile-soil model the displacement meter at position, be arranged on the dynamic strain measuring analytic system of loading frame outside, the displacement meter be connected between described displacement meter and dynamic strain measuring analytic system goes between, and be connected with described dynamic strain measuring analytic system, can the computing machine of real-time storage displacement data.
8. indoor frozen soil model stake static loading experimental provision according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described strain measurement system, comprise the foil gauge of each measuring point being covered in described pile-soil model, be arranged on the static state strain measurement system of loading frame outside, the foil gauge be connected between described foil gauge and static state strain measurement system goes between, and be connected with described static state strain measurement system, can the computing machine of real-time storage displacement data.
9. indoor frozen soil model stake static loading experimental provision according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described pile-soil model, comprise and be horizontally set on described loading frame inside bottom and experiment barrel for making the stake of experiment frozen soil model, and to be vertically arranged on bottom self-equilibrating lever static force loading device and to stretch into the concrete pile of experiment barrel; Periphery that is inner at described experiment barrel, concrete pile is filled with pile peripheral earth; Described concrete pile is connected with strain measurement system.
10. the indoor frozen soil model stake static loading experimental technique matched with indoor frozen soil model stake static loading experimental provision according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprising:
Make laboratory experiment Model Pile used and pile-soil model, and utilize electric soldering iron after posting foil gauge by point position by foil gauge together with overhanging wire bonds;
Choose experiment soil around pile, according to experimental design, respective handling is carried out to it, put into the tamping in layers of experiment bucket after pending in batches, stake base thickness degree, the buried depth thickness of stake model, the freeze-off times of pile-soil model etc. must be undertaken by the requirement of frozen soil experiment specification;
Based on the Model Pile of above-mentioned making, choose the transmission rod of the length that matches, one end and lever hinged, by adjustment lever balance balance position, when making not load lever be horizontal, the transmission rod other end and stake top contact and conllinear;
The circuit connecting foil gauge wire is connected with static strain testing analytic system, the displacement meter connecting dynamic strain measuring analytic system is placed into displacement at pile top measuring position;
Check errorless after start to carry out loading experiment, loading scheme should be tested classification according to pile foundation and be pre-established;
Bearing capacity of pile foundation experiment adopts hierarchical loading scheme, and Pile Soil rheological experiment adopts constant load scheme;
Displacement meter, dynamic strain measuring instrument and computer measurement, collection stake top real-time displacement data message is utilized in test; Utilize foil gauge, static strain testing instrument and computer measurement, collection pile strain data message.
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