CN106759552B - A kind of simulation calcareous sand ground piling process Particle Breakage pilot model apparatus and its test method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a particle breakage test model device and a test method for simulating the piling process of calcareous sand foundation. The device includes a freeze-thaw model box, a refrigeration cycler, a pile loading device and a counter force frame. The freeze-thaw model box includes a freezer chamber and a soil sample chamber. The soil sample chamber is fixed inside the freezing chamber by bolts. The test method using the device includes the steps of model box sample loading, pile sinking loading, soil sample freezing, sampling thawing and parameter analysis. The invention can simulate the particle breakage process of the pile bottom and the soil around the pile in the calcareous sand foundation during the pile driving or pile driving process, and can obtain the soil samples around the pile very well, and can study the calcareous sand after being subjected to the soil squeezing effect Particle breakage, density change, gradation evolution and other laws.

Description

A model device for simulating the particle breakage test of calcareous sand foundation piling process and its test test method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering tests, in particular to a particle crushing test model device and a test method for simulating the calcareous sand foundation piling process.

Background technique

my country is vigorously carrying out the construction of the South China Sea and actively realizing the strategic goal of "building a powerful ocean country". Calcareous sand is a natural foundation soil widely distributed in the South my country Sea. Irregular special rock-soil medium, therefore, the study of calcareous sand will help to speed up the construction process of the South China Sea, which is of great strategic significance. Pile foundation is a commonly used foundation treatment method in engineering construction, which has a series of advantages such as high bearing capacity, convenient construction, and low cost. However, since the calcareous sand itself is prone to particle breakage, in the construction of pile foundations in the calcareous sand area of the South China Sea, especially during the piling process of prefabricated piles, the soil around the piles will be granulated due to impact load or soil extrusion effect. Broken, the broken particles of the soil will change the gradation of the soil and the compactness of the soil, which will further affect the bearing capacity of the pile foundation. The broken state is of great significance to the study of the bearing capacity of pile foundations in calcareous sand foundations. However, there are few studies on the force tests of the pile-soil interface in the existing research, and there is no special test device to study the pile-soil effect. The particles are broken. Therefore, in order to fill this gap, it is an urgent task to develop a model device and test method for simulating the particle crushing process of calcareous sand foundation piling.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the prefabricated piles cannot be measured during the pile foundation construction process of the prefabricated pile, and to provide a particle breakage test model device and test method for simulating the piling process of the calcareous sand foundation. method.

The technical scheme adopted for realizing the object of the present invention is as follows, a particle crushing test model device for simulating the calcareous sand foundation piling process, including a reaction force frame and a freeze-thaw model box fixed on the test bench.

The lower surface of the top beam of the reaction frame is provided with a pile loading device. The lower end of the pile sinking loading device can be connected with the model pile to drive the model pile to move longitudinally. A temperature sensor is arranged in the model pile.

The freeze-thaw model box is arranged in the center area of the reaction frame test. The freeze-thaw model box includes a freezer chamber and a soil sample chamber.

The soil sample chamber is a rectangular box with an open upper end. The soil sample chamber is made of metal heat conducting material. Temperature sensors are installed on the bottom and inner wall of the soil sample chamber. The freezer is a rectangular box with a top cover. The freezer is made of heat insulating material.

The soil sample chamber is arranged in the inner cavity of the freezing chamber. The bottom of the soil sample chamber is fixedly connected with the bottom of the freezing chamber. A space S is formed between the freezing chamber and the soil sample chamber. The space S is filled with refrigerated liquid. The freezing chamber communicates with the refrigerating cycle device through a metal cooling pipe. During the test, the refrigerant circulates between the space S and the refrigeration cycler.

A particle breakage test model device for simulating the piling process of calcareous sand foundation, which is characterized in that it includes a reaction force frame and a freeze-thaw model box fixed on the test bench.

The lower surface of the top beam of the reaction frame is provided with a pile loading device. The lower end of the pile sinking loading device can be connected with the model pile to drive the model pile to move longitudinally. A temperature sensor is arranged in the model pile.

The freeze-thaw model box is arranged in the center area of the reaction frame test. The freeze-thaw model box includes a freezer chamber and a soil sample chamber.

The soil sample chamber is a barrel with an open upper end and a hollow interior. The soil sample chamber is made of metal heat conducting material. Temperature sensors are installed on the bottom and inner wall of the soil sample chamber. The freezer is a hollow barrel with a top cover. The freezer is made of heat insulating material.

The soil sample chamber is arranged in the inner cavity of the freezing chamber. The bottom of the soil sample chamber is fixedly connected with the bottom of the freezing chamber. A space S is formed between the freezing chamber and the soil sample chamber. The space S is filled with refrigerated liquid. The freezing chamber communicates with the refrigerating cycle device through a metal cooling pipe. During the test, the refrigerant circulates between the space S and the refrigeration cycler.

Further, the pile driving device includes an electric loading device, a transmission rod and a model pile installation platform. Wherein, the transmission rod is arranged under the electric loading device, and the model pile installation platform is arranged at the lower end of the transmission rod. There is a level bubble on the mounting platform of the model pile. The lower surface of the model pile mounting platform has a fixed screw cap. During the test, the model pile is inserted into the model pile hole reserved by the fixing screw cap, and is fixed on the model pile mounting platform by tightening the bolts. The electric loading device drives the transmission rod to move longitudinally, and then drives the model pile to move.

Further, the pile diameter of the model pile is 10 mm to 30 mm, and the length is 100 to 300 mm; the temperature control range of the refrigeration cycler is between -20°C and 80°C.

Further, the length of the soil sample chamber is a, the width is b, the height is c, and the wall thickness is d. Wherein, a=400-600mm, b=400-600mm, c=500-700mm, d=5-10mm. The length of the freezing chamber is 900mm, the width is 900mm, the height is 800mm, and the wall thickness is 10mm.

Further, screw holes are reserved at corresponding positions at the bottom of the soil sample chamber and the freezer chamber. The soil sample chamber and the freezing chamber are fixedly connected by bolts.

The present invention also discloses a test method for the particle breakage test model device for simulating the calcareous sand foundation piling process, including the following steps:

1) Prepare calcareous sand according to the predetermined gradation and mix it evenly.

2) The calcareous sandy soil sample was put into the soil sample chamber by the sand rain method, and an appropriate amount of water was poured in according to the required saturation to form a calcareous sandy soil layer. Among them, the filling height of calcareous sand samples is 300-500mm.

3) Adjust the verticality of the model pile, and fix the model pile at the lower end of the pile loading device.

4) Start the loading device and press the model pile into the calcareous sand layer to set the depth as required.

5) Cover the cover plate of the freezer, set the temperature of the refrigeration cycler to -10°C, and start the refrigeration cycler until the temperature of the temperature sensor in the soil sample chamber and the model pile stabilizes to the set value.

6) Turn off the refrigeration cycler, open the cover plate of the freezer, take out calcareous sandy soil samples with different pile diameters and pile bottom ranges with a soil picker, measure the volume and quality of the soil samples, and then put the soil samples into an oven at 60°C Lower bake for 24 hours.

7) After the soil sample is dried, the particle size test is carried out through a vibrating sieving machine, and the particle size curve of the calcareous sand at different pile diameters can be obtained.

Further, the soil fetcher is a square soil fetcher. The square soil fetcher is a hollow cuboid whose upper and lower ends are open. This cuboid is 20-150mm long, 20-150mm wide, and 100-600mm high. Both the upper and lower ends of the hollow cuboid are provided with sharp metal cutters.

Further, the soil fetcher is a circular soil fetcher. The circular soil fetcher is a hollow cylinder with open upper and lower ends. The inner diameter of the hollow cylinder is 39.1-50.1 mm, and the height is 80-100 mm. There are sharp metal cutting knives at the openings of the upper and lower ends of the hollow cylinder.

Technical effect of the present invention is beyond doubt:

A. This model device can well simulate the piling process of prefabricated piles in pile foundation engineering in calcareous sand stratum. The soil sample is frozen by refrigeration cycler to obtain a complete calcareous sand soil sample to study the calcareous sand stratum subjected to pile foundation treatment. The final particle breakage, gradation evolution and density change have effectively solved the problem of particle breakage test research on pile surrounding and pile ground soil during piling on calcareous sand foundation;

B. This model device can be used in conjunction with different earth grabbers to obtain calcareous sand samples at different pile diameters, so as to better study the particle breakage of calcareous sand formations with pile diameters;

C. This model device simulates calcareous sand foundations with different densities and saturations, different diameters, different pile types and different pile loading rates according to needs, and has wide applicability.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the model device;

Fig. 2 is the working schematic diagram of freeze-thaw model box;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of freeze-thaw model box structure;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the sinking loading device;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of square earth taker;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a circular soil fetcher.

In the figure: space S, freezing chamber 1, top cover 101, soil sample chamber 2, calcareous sand layer 3, earth taker 4, model pile 5, freezing liquid 7, pile sinking loading device 8, electric loading device 801, transmission Rod 802, model pile installation platform 803, level bubble 8031, fixed screw cap 8032, reaction force frame 9, refrigeration cycler 10, test bench 11, metal cooling pipe 12.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the examples, but it should not be understood that the scope of the subject of the present invention is limited to the following examples. Without departing from the above-mentioned technical ideas of the present invention, various replacements and changes made according to common technical knowledge and conventional means in this field shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

This embodiment provides a particle breakage test model device for simulating the piling process of a calcareous sand foundation, including a reaction force frame 9 and a freeze-thaw model box fixed on the test bench 11 .

Referring to FIG. 1 , the lower surface of the top beam of the reaction frame 9 is provided with a pile loading device 8 . The lower end of the pile sinking loading device 8 can be connected with the model pile 5 to drive the model pile 5 to move longitudinally. The pile sinking loading device 8 can provide constant loading rate and constant pressure to simulate hammer sinking and static pressure pile sinking. The model pile 5 is provided with a temperature sensor.

The freeze-thaw model box is arranged in the test center area of the reaction frame 9 , that is, the freeze-thaw model box is placed under the pile loading device 8 , and the freeze-thaw model box is aligned with the center of the pile loading device 8 . The freeze-thaw model box includes a freezer chamber 1 and a soil sample chamber 2 .

Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the soil sample chamber 2 is a rectangular box with an open upper end and a hollow interior. The soil sample chamber 2 is made of metal heat conducting material. The bottom and inner wall of the soil sample chamber 2 are provided with temperature sensors. The freezer compartment 1 is a hollow rectangular box with a top cover 101 . The freezer compartment 1 is made of heat insulating material.

The soil sample chamber 2 is arranged in the inner cavity of the freezing chamber 1 . Screw holes are reserved at the corresponding positions of the soil sample chamber 2 and the bottom of the freezing chamber 1 . The soil sample chamber 2 and the freezing chamber 1 are fixedly connected by bolts. A space S is formed between the freezing chamber 1 and the soil sample chamber 2 . The space S is filled with cooling fluid 7 . The freezing chamber 1 communicates with the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 through a metal cooling pipe 12 . During the test, the refrigerated liquid 7 circulates between the space S and the refrigeration cycler 10 to provide the cooling capacity for freezing in the space S.

Example 2:

This embodiment provides a particle breakage test model device for simulating the piling process of a calcareous sand foundation, including a reaction force frame 9 and a freeze-thaw model box fixed on the test bench 11 .

The lower surface of the top beam of the reaction frame 9 is provided with a pile loading device 8 . The lower end of the pile sinking loading device 8 can be connected with the model pile 5 to drive the model pile 5 to move longitudinally. The pile sinking loading device 8 can provide constant loading rate and constant pressure to simulate hammer sinking and static pressure pile sinking. The model pile 5 is provided with a temperature sensor.

The freeze-thaw model box is arranged in the test center area of the reaction frame 9 , that is, the freeze-thaw model box is placed under the pile loading device 8 , and the freeze-thaw model box is aligned with the center of the pile loading device 8 . The freeze-thaw model box includes a freezer chamber 1 and a soil sample chamber 2 .

The soil sample chamber 2 is a barrel with an open upper end and a hollow interior. The soil sample chamber 2 is made of metal heat conducting material. The bottom and inner wall of the soil sample chamber 2 are provided with temperature sensors. The freezing chamber 1 is a hollow barrel with a top cover 101 . The freezer compartment 1 is made of heat insulating material.

The soil sample chamber 2 is arranged in the inner cavity of the freezing chamber 1 . Screw holes are reserved at the corresponding positions of the soil sample chamber 2 and the bottom of the freezing chamber 1 . The soil sample chamber 2 and the freezing chamber 1 are fixedly connected by bolts. A space S is formed between the freezing chamber 1 and the soil sample chamber 2 . The space S is filled with cooling fluid 7 . The freezing chamber 1 communicates with the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 through a metal cooling pipe 12 . During the test, the refrigerated liquid 7 circulates between the space S and the refrigeration cycler 10 to provide the cooling capacity for freezing in the space S.

Example 3:

This embodiment provides a particle breakage test model device for simulating the piling process of a calcareous sand foundation, including a reaction force frame 9 and a freeze-thaw model box fixed on the test bench 11 .

Referring to FIG. 1 , the lower surface of the top beam of the reaction frame 9 is provided with a pile loading device 8 .

Referring to FIG. 4 , the pile driving device 8 includes an electric loading device 801 , a transmission rod 802 and a model pile installation platform 803 . Wherein, the transmission rod 802 is arranged under the electric loading device 801 , and the model pile mounting platform 803 is arranged at the lower end of the transmission rod 802 . The electric loading device is a stress-strain control type, which can provide constant loading rate and constant pressure to simulate hammering pile sinking and static pressure pile sinking. The lower surface of the model pile mounting platform 803 has a fixed screw cap 8032 . The model pile 5 is inserted into the model pile hole reserved by the fixing screw cap 8032, and is fixed on the model pile mounting platform 803 by tightening the bolts. The model pile mounting platform 803 also has a level bubble 8031 to ensure the verticality of the model pile sinking. The pile diameter of described model pile 5 is 10mm, and length is 100mm. The model pile 5 is provided with a temperature sensor. During the test, the electric loading device 801 drives the transmission rod 802 to move longitudinally, and then drives the model pile 5 to move longitudinally.

The freeze-thaw model box is arranged in the test center area of the reaction frame 9 , that is, the freeze-thaw model box is placed under the pile loading device 8 , and the freeze-thaw model box is aligned with the center of the pile loading device 8 . The freeze-thaw model box includes a freezer chamber 1 and a soil sample chamber 2 .

Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the soil sample chamber 2 is a rectangular box with an open upper end. The soil sample chamber 2 is made of metal heat conducting material. The bottom and inner wall of the soil sample chamber 2 are provided with temperature sensors. The freezer compartment 1 is a rectangular box with a top cover 101 . The freezer compartment 1 is made of heat insulating material.

The soil sample chamber 2 is arranged in the inner cavity of the freezing chamber 1 . The bottom of the soil sample chamber 2 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the freezing chamber 1 . A space S is formed between the freezing chamber 1 and the soil sample chamber 2 . The space S is filled with cooling fluid 7 . The freezing chamber 1 communicates with the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 through a metal cooling pipe 12 . During the test, the refrigerated liquid 7 circulates between the space S and the refrigeration cycler 10 to provide the cooling capacity for freezing in the space S.

It is worth noting that, in this embodiment, the soil sample chamber 2 has a length of 500 mm, a width of 400 mm, a height of 600 mm, and a wall thickness of 10 mm. Freezing compartment 1 has a length of 900 mm, a width of 900 mm, a height of 800 mm, and a wall thickness of 10 mm. The temperature control range of the refrigeration cycler 10 is between -20°C and 80°C.

Example 4:

This embodiment discloses a test method for the particle crushing test model device for simulating the calcareous sand foundation piling process described in embodiment 1 or 2, comprising the following steps:

1) Prepare calcareous sand according to the predetermined gradation and mix it evenly.

2) Put the calcareous sandy soil sample into the soil sample chamber 2 by using the sand rain method, and pour an appropriate amount of water according to the required saturation to form the calcareous sandy soil layer 3 . Among them, the filling height of calcareous sand sample 3 is 300-500mm.

3) Adjust the verticality of the model pile 5, and fix the model pile 5 at the lower end of the pile sinking loading device 8.

4) Start the loading device, and press the model pile 5 into the calcareous sand layer 3 to a set depth as required.

5) Cover the cover plate 101 of the freezing chamber 1, set the temperature of the refrigeration cycler to -10°C, and start the refrigeration cycler until the temperature of the temperature sensor in the soil sample chamber 2 and the model pile 5 stabilizes to the set value.

6) Close the refrigerating cycler, open the cover plate of the freezing chamber 1, take out the calcareous sandy soil samples of different pile diameters and pile bottom ranges with the earth taker 4, measure the volume and quality of the soil samples, then put the soil samples into the oven Bake at 60°C for 24 hours. Wherein, the soil fetcher 4 is a square soil fetcher. Referring to Fig. 6, the square soil fetcher is a hollow cuboid whose upper and lower ends are open. The cuboid is 100mm long, 70mm wide, and 200mm high. Both the upper and lower ends of the hollow cuboid are provided with sharp metal cutters.

7) After the soil sample is dried, the particle size test is carried out through a vibrating sieving machine, and the particle size curve of the calcareous sand at different pile diameters can be obtained.

Example 5:

This embodiment discloses a test method for the particle crushing test model device for simulating the calcareous sand foundation piling process described in embodiment 1 or 2, comprising the following steps:

1) Prepare calcareous sand according to the predetermined gradation and mix it evenly.

2) Put the calcareous sandy soil sample into the soil sample chamber 2 by using the sand rain method, and pour an appropriate amount of water according to the required saturation to form the calcareous sandy soil layer 3 . Among them, the filling height of calcareous sand sample 3 is 300-500mm.

3) Adjust the verticality of the model pile 5, and fix the model pile 5 at the lower end of the pile sinking loading device 8.

4) Start the loading device, and press the model pile 5 into the calcareous sand layer 3 to a set depth as required.

5) Cover the cover plate 101 of the freezing chamber 1, set the temperature of the refrigeration cycler to -10°C, and start the refrigeration cycler until the temperature of the temperature sensor in the soil sample chamber 2 and the model pile 5 stabilizes to the set value.

6) Close the refrigerating cycler, open the cover plate of the freezing chamber 1, take out the calcareous sandy soil samples of different pile diameters and pile bottom ranges with the earth taker 4, measure the volume and quality of the soil samples, then put the soil samples into the oven Bake at 60°C for 24 hours. Wherein, the soil fetcher is a circular soil fetcher. Referring to Fig. 5, the circular soil fetcher is a hollow cylinder with open upper and lower ends. This hollow cylinder has an inner diameter of 39.1mm and a height of 80mm. There are sharp metal cutting knives at the openings of the upper and lower ends of the hollow cylinder.

7) After the soil sample is dried, the particle size test is carried out through a vibrating sieving machine, and the particle size curve of the calcareous sand at different pile diameters can be obtained.

Embodiment 6:

This embodiment discloses a test method for the particle crushing test model device for simulating the calcareous sand foundation piling process described in Example 3, including the following steps:

1) Prepare calcareous sand according to the predetermined gradation and mix it evenly.

2) Put the calcareous sandy soil sample into the soil sample chamber 2 by using the sand rain method, and pour an appropriate amount of water according to the required saturation to form the calcareous sandy soil layer 3 . Among them, the filling height of calcareous sand sample 3 is 300-500 mm.

3) Insert the model pile 5 into the reserved hole of the screw cap 6 at the lower end of the pile sinking loading device 8, and fix the model pile 5 with bolts after adjusting the verticality of the model pile 5.

4) Start the loading device, and press the model pile 5 into the calcareous sand layer 3 to a set depth as required.

5) Cover the cover plate 101 of the freezing chamber 1, set the temperature of the refrigeration cycler to -10°C, and start the refrigeration cycler until the temperature of the temperature sensor in the soil sample chamber 2 and the model pile 5 stabilizes to the set value.

6) Close the refrigerating cycler, open the cover plate of the freezing chamber 1, take out the calcareous sandy soil samples of different pile diameters and pile bottom ranges with the earth taker 4, measure the volume and quality of the soil samples, then put the soil samples into the oven Bake at 60°C for 24 hours.

7) After the soil sample is dried, the particle size test is carried out through a vibrating sieving machine, and the particle size curve of the calcareous sand at different pile diameters can be obtained.

Claims (9)

1. The process Particle Breakage pilot model apparatus 1. a kind of simulation calcareous sand ground is driven piles, which is characterized in that including being fixed on reality Test reaction frame (9) and the freeze thawing model casing on platform (11)；

   The lower surface of reaction frame (9) top cross-bar is provided with pile sinking loading device (8)；Under the pile sinking loading device (8) End can be connected with Model Pile (5), and Model Pile (5) is driven to move along longitudinal direction；Temperature sensor is provided in the Model Pile (5)；

   The freeze thawing model casing is arranged in area of reaction frame (9) test center；The freeze thawing model casing includes freezing chamber (1) and soil sample Room (2)；

   The soil sample chamber (2) is the rectangular box of upper end opening；The soil sample chamber (2) is made of metal thermal conductive material；The soil Temperature sensor is equipped on specimen chamber (2) bottom and inner wall；The freezing chamber (1) is the rectangular box with top cover (101)；Institute Freezing chamber (1) is stated to be made of heat-barrier material；

   The soil sample chamber (2) is arranged in the inner cavity of freezing chamber (1)；Soil sample chamber (2) bottom is fixed with freezing chamber (1) bottom Connection；Space (S) is formed between the freezing chamber (1) and soil sample chamber (2)；Freezing liquid (7) are marked in the space (S)；It is described Freezing chamber (1) is connected to by metal cooling-pipe (12) with refrigeration cycle instrument (10)；When test, freezing liquid (7) is in space (S) and system SAPMAC method instrument circulates between (10).
2. The process Particle Breakage pilot model apparatus 2. a kind of simulation calcareous sand ground is driven piles, which is characterized in that including being fixed on reality Test reaction frame (9) and the freeze thawing model casing on platform (11)；

   The lower surface of reaction frame (9) top cross-bar is provided with pile sinking loading device (8)；Under the pile sinking loading device (8) End can be connected with Model Pile (5), and Model Pile (5) is driven to move along longitudinal direction；Temperature sensor is provided in the Model Pile (5)；

   The freeze thawing model casing is arranged in area of reaction frame (9) test center；The freeze thawing model casing includes freezing chamber (1) and soil sample Room (2)；

   The soil sample chamber (2) is upper end opening and interior hollow staving；The soil sample chamber (2) is made of metal thermal conductive material；Institute It states and is equipped with temperature sensor on soil sample chamber (2) bottom and inner wall；The freezing chamber (1) is the Hollow barrel with top cover (101) Body；The freezing chamber (1) is made of heat-barrier material；

   The soil sample chamber (2) is arranged in the inner cavity of freezing chamber (1)；Soil sample chamber (2) bottom is fixed with freezing chamber (1) bottom Connection；Space (S) is formed between the freezing chamber (1) and soil sample chamber (2)；Freezing liquid (7) are marked in the space (S)；It is described Freezing chamber (1) is connected to by metal cooling-pipe (12) with refrigeration cycle instrument (10)；When test, freezing liquid (7) is in space (S) and system SAPMAC method instrument circulates between (10).
3. The process Particle Breakage pilot model apparatus 3. a kind of simulation calcareous sand ground according to claim 1 or 2 is driven piles, Be characterized in that: the pile sinking loading device (8) includes electric loading system device (801), drive rod (802) and Model Pile erecting bed (803)；Wherein, below electric loading system device (801), Model Pile erecting bed (803) setting exists for drive rod (802) setting Drive rod (802) lower end；There are air level (8031) on the Model Pile erecting bed (803)；The Model Pile erecting bed (803) Lower surface is fixed with fixed screw-cap (8032)；Model Pile (5) is inserted into fixed screw-cap (8032) reserved model stake holes, and It is fixed on Model Pile erecting bed (803) by tightening bolt；When test, electric loading system device (801) drives drive rod (802) It moves along longitudinal direction, then drives Model Pile (5) movement.
4. The process Particle Breakage pilot model apparatus 4. a kind of simulation calcareous sand ground according to claim 1 is driven piles, it is special Sign is: the stake diameter of the Model Pile (5) is 10mm~30mm, and length is 100~300mm；The refrigeration cycle instrument (10) Temperature-control range is between -20 DEG C~80 DEG C.
5. The process Particle Breakage pilot model apparatus 5. a kind of simulation calcareous sand ground according to claim 1 is driven piles, it is special Sign is: the length of the soil sample chamber (2) is a, width b, is highly c, wall thickness d；Wherein, a=400~600mm, b= 400~600mm, c=500~700mm, d=5~10mm；Freezing chamber (1) length is 900mm, width 900mmmm, height Degree is 800mm, wall thickness 10mm.
6. The process Particle Breakage pilot model apparatus 6. a kind of simulation calcareous sand ground according to claim 1 or 2 is driven piles, Be characterized in that: the soil sample chamber (2) and freezing chamber (1) bottom corresponding position reserve screw hole；The soil sample chamber (2) and freezing chamber (1) it is bolted to connection.
7. 7. a kind of examination about simulation calcareous sand ground piling process Particle Breakage pilot model apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2 Proved recipe method, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:

   1) it with preparation calcareous sand and is uniformly mixed according to predetermined level；

   2) calcareous sand soil sample is packed into soil sample chamber (2) using sand rain method, and suitable water is poured into according to required saturation degree and is formed Calcareous sand soil layer (3)；Wherein, the packed height of calcareous sand soil sample (3) is 300~500mm；

   3) Model Pile (5), is fixed on the lower end of pile sinking loading device (8) by the verticality for adjusting Model Pile (5)；

   4) Model Pile (5) are pressed into calcareous sand soil layer (3) set depth as requested by start-up loading device；

   5) cover board (101) for covering freezing chamber (1) sets refrigeration cycle instrument temperature as -10 DEG C, and starting refrigeration cycle instrument is until soil Temperature sensor temperature in specimen chamber (2) and Model Pile (5) is stabilized to setting value；

   6) refrigeration cycle instrument is closed, the cover board of freezing chamber (1) is opened, takes out piles with different diameter and stake bottom range with soil sampler (4) Calcareous sand soil sample measures the volume and quality of soil sample, and soil sample is then put into baking oven at 60 DEG C and is toasted 24 hours；

   7) after soil sample drying, separating tests is carried out by oscillating sieving machine, the component curve of calcareous sand at piles with different diameter can be obtained.
8. 8. a kind of test method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the soil sampler (4) is rectangular soil sampler；Institute Stating rectangular soil sampler is the open hollow cuboid of upper and lower side；This cuboid grows 20~150mm, wide 20~150mm, high 100~600mm；The hollow cuboid upper and lower side open-mouth all has sharp metal cutter.
9. 9. a kind of test method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the soil sampler is round soil sampler；It is described Round soil sampler is the open hollow cylinder of upper and lower side；The internal diameter of this hollow cylinder is 39.1~50.1mm, height For 80~100mm；The hollow cylinder upper and lower side open-mouth all has sharp metal cutter.