CN101824500B - Novel melting reduction iron-making furnace and smelting method thereof - Google Patents
Novel melting reduction iron-making furnace and smelting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101824500B CN101824500B CN201010177002XA CN201010177002A CN101824500B CN 101824500 B CN101824500 B CN 101824500B CN 201010177002X A CN201010177002X A CN 201010177002XA CN 201010177002 A CN201010177002 A CN 201010177002A CN 101824500 B CN101824500 B CN 101824500B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a melting reduction iron-making furnace and a smelting method thereof. The furnace body has a step-shaped structure with small upside and large underside; hoppers in the furnace top are vertical and spiral, and furnace burdens slip into the furnace through the spiral hoppers from upper and lower three feeding holes of the furnace wall respectively; and an iron outlet at the furnace bottom is a U-shaped siphon type iron outlet pipe communicated with the outside of the furnace, and an electromagnetic switch is arranged on the outer furnace pipe wall of the siphon type iron outlet pipe. The smelting method is characterized in that the furnace burdens mainly comprise iron ores, semi-coke and raw coal; and during feeding, the iron ores are put on the lower layer of the feeding holes, the semi-coke is put on the middle layer, and the raw coal is put on the upper layer. Compared with the traditional blast-furnace smelting method, the method of the invention has the advantages that: the iron-making efficiency is improved by about 20 percent, the iron-making cost is reduced by about 500RMB, the energy is saved by about 30 percent, and the content of harmful elements such as s, P and the like is lower.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of puddler and smelting process thereof.
Background technology
Blast furnace is the legacy equipment of ironmaking usefulness, and the primary process of blast furnace ironmaking is the reduction process of iron.Traditional blast furnace, body of heater are a fusiform from top to bottom, and its underpart is shrunk to wide at the top and narrow at the bottom trapezoidal.Its smelting principle and method are: do fuel with coke and carve with reduction, at high temperature with iron ore or other non-ferriferous oxide, from oxide compound or mineral state (like Fe
2O
3, Fe
3O
4, Fe
2SiO
4Fe3O
4.TiO
2Deng), be reduced to liquid pig iron.
During the tradition blast furnace ironmaking, blast furnace is divided into five work areas from top to bottom: block district, reflowing district, dropping zone, circle round district and slag iron accumulation area, the temperature in the blast furnace reduce------dropping zone, reflowing district, reflowing district from bottom to top gradually.The technical process of its smelting is:
At first, with iron ore, flux and coke, the furnace charge of making according to a certain percentage, pack blast furnace through loading device into from the furnace roof of blast furnace in;
Secondly, blast high-temperature hot-air and the auxiliary fuel coal dust of jetting, high-temperature hot-air and coke and coal dust are reacted, generation blast furnace reductibility coal gas from the air port, bottom of blast furnace.When high-temperature reductibility coal gas rises in stove, with furnace charge heating, reduction, fusing, slag making, produce the series of physical chemical reaction, the liquid slag, the iron that generate at last are gathered in cupola well, in stove, discharge periodically.In stove in the uphill process, the temperature of coal gas air-flow constantly reduces at high-temperature reductibility coal gas, and composition gradually changes, and forms blast furnace gas at last and discharges from furnace roof.
The process explanation of above-mentioned blast furnace ironmaking, the effect of coke is very important--play the vital role of heat-generating agent, reductive agent, stock column skeleton and carburizing.Although the effect of its heat-generating agent, reductive agent can be substituted by coal dust or other fuel, the skeleton function of coke is irreplaceable.
The tradition blast-furnace smelting, one ton of iron of output needs the 400-600Kg coke approximately.Coke utilizes coking coal to process through high temperature carbonization, and both the labor energy caused environmental pollution again.Moreover along with the significantly increase of iron and steel demand, coke highlights shortage, especially because the coking coal reserves reduce day by day, has had a strong impact on the demand of STRENGTH ON COKE quality and quantity.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, smelt efficient, overcome the difficult problem that traditional blast-furnace smelting relies on coke, provide a kind of energy-saving and environmental protection, efficient novel blast-furnace high, good product quality to reach the corresponding novel method of smelting for improving.
The present invention is achieved in that
Body of heater of the present invention is up-small and down-big ladder-type structure, and the melting and reducing pond is positioned at the body of heater bottom.There is a ring-type reducing gas import middle and upper part of body of heater.The hopper of furnace roof is a vertical spin shape, and furnace charge slips in the stove through the volution hopper from three opening for feeds up and down of furnace wall.The bottom of position, melting and reducing pond has the hydrocone type of " U " shape to go out outside the iron pipe pass-out stove, and hydrocone type goes out on the stove outer tube wall of iron pipe electromagnetic switch is housed--the outflow of control molten iron.
Furnace charge of the present invention and advance stove and be in proper order:
Furnace charge mainly contains iron ore, blue charcoal (being mill coal), raw coal.During charging, iron ore gets in the stove through feed opening, and in the material mouthful entering stove, raw coal was put feeding port into and got in the stove during blue charcoal was put into.
The present invention's stepped appearance furnace binding concentrates in the melting and reducing pond of stove bottom reduction reaction in the stove and carries out sufficient reacting, quick.Saved traditional coke components in the present invention's the furnace charge, adopting cheaply, raw coal and blue charcoal have replaced rare, expensive day by day coke as reductive agent, heat-generating agent.Top construction has been simplified in the volution hopper of furnace roof of the present invention and the design of sidewall charging, has improved security.When furnace charge gets in the stove, blast high-temperature hot-air from the air port, bottom of blast furnace, because blue charcoal reactive high on blast furnace top, with CO
2The beginning temperature of reaction lower; After blue charcoal that these are reactive higher and the raw coal reaction; The concentration of CO in the gas phase is improved, and promptly reducing atmosphere obviously improves in the blast furnace, thereby has quickened the reduction of iron ore in blast furnace; Enlarge the indirect reduction reaction zone, improved the smelting efficient of melting and reducing.The present invention adopts the outflow of electromagnetic switch control molten iron, improved the operator Working environment, alleviated operator's labour intensity.
The chemical reaction that the present invention takes place on blast furnace top is:
C+CO
2=2CO reaction 1
Fe
xO
y+ yCO
2=xFe+yCO
2Reaction 2
The present invention is more traditional, and blast-furnace smelting is compared, and ironmaking efficient improves 20% approximately, and ironmaking cost reduces about 500 yuan; Energy-conservation about 30%, the content that quality product improves----harmful element s, P etc. is lower.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1. the shape and structure synoptic diagram of body of heater of the present invention;
Fig. 2. hydrocone type goes out the electromagnetic switch synoptic diagram on the iron pipe.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, narrate an embodiment, the present invention is further specified.
Fig. 1 has shown the furnace binding of present embodiment.Body of heater height overall 14m; Be three stepped appearances from bottom to top.
Furnace roof is provided with a vertical volution magazine attachment, and three material mouthful are arranged respectively on the corresponding furnace wall of this device from top to bottom: two are 120 degree angles respectively between the feeding port 1, middle material mouth 2,3, three material of feed opening mouthful, and vertical range is respectively 1 meter up and down.Raw coal passes through feed opening 3 chargings, and slips in the stove through the volution hopper respectively through middle material mouth 2 chargings, iron ore through feeding port 1 charging, blue charcoal.
The bottom is melting and reducing pond 5, its external diameter 6m, straight high 3m; Middle part external diameter 3.5m, straight high 5m; Top external diameter 2m, straight high 4m; There is the umbrella shape face of a transition at vertical 2m place between bottom and the middle part.Slag notch 7 is arranged at the top in melting and reducing pond 1, and the bottom has the hydrocone type of " U " shape that passes body of heater to go out iron pipe 6, and it passes on the tube wall partly electromagnetic switch 8 is housed.One annular reducing gas import 4 arranged at top among the body of heater.
Fig. 2 shows that " U " shape hydrocone type goes out the structure iron of iron pipe and electromagnetic switch.
Hydrocone type goes out iron pipe 6 and is " U " shape, on the tube wall outside its stove electromagnetic switch 8 is housed, with the discontinuous manner of its electromagnetic type heating, and the outflow of molten iron in the control stove.
During smelting,, put raw coal, blue charcoal and iron ore and flux Wingdale respectively into through three opening for feeds.The furnace charge that descends in the stove carries out reduction reaction with the hot blast generation heat exchange that the air port blasts, in the time of the molten iron of generation, and generation sub product slag and blast furnace gas.The operational condition that causes because of the material condition fluctuation changes, and can in time adjust according to the working of a furnace.
Several embodiment are provided below:
Embodiment 1. high furnace capacitys are less than 600m
3
The grade of raw coal, blue charcoal is 20-60mm, and the weight ratio of the two is 20: 80.But replacing whole coke.
Embodiment 2. high furnace capacity 600-1000m
3
The grade of raw coal, blue charcoal is 10-50mm, and the weight ratio of the two is 20: 80.Alternative about 60% coke.
Embodiment 3. high furnace capacity 1000-4000m
3
The grade of raw coal, blue charcoal is 10-50mm, and the weight ratio of the two is 20: 80.Alternative about 50% coke.
Claims (3)
1. melting reduction iron-making furnace, it is characterized in that: body of heater is up-small and down-big ladder-type structure; Melting and reducing pond (5) is positioned at the body of heater bottom; The bottom in melting and reducing pond has " U " shape hydrocone type to go out outside iron pipe (6) the pass-out stove, and hydrocone type goes out on the stove outer tube wall of iron pipe electromagnetic switch (8) is housed, and there is a ring-type reducing gas import (4) middle and upper part of body of heater; Hopper in the furnace roof is a vertical spin shape; Furnace charge from three opening for feed-feeding ports (1) up and down of furnace wall, material mouth (2), feed opening (3) slip in the stove through the volution hopper respectively, during charging, raw coal is through feeding port (1) charging; Blue charcoal is through middle material mouth (2) charging, and iron ore is through feed opening (3) charging.
2. according to the said melting reduction iron-making furnace of claim 1, it is characterized in that: vertical spacing is 1 meter between feeding port (1), middle material mouth (2), the feed opening (3), mutual angle 120 degree in twos.
3. according to the said melting reduction iron-making furnace of claim 1, it is characterized in that: body of heater height overall 14m; Be three stepped appearances from bottom to top, the bottom is melting and reducing pond (5), its external diameter 6m, straight high 3m; Middle part external diameter 3.5m, straight high 5m; Top external diameter 2m, straight high 4m; There is the umbrella shape face of a transition at vertical 2m place between bottom and the middle part.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010177002XA CN101824500B (en) | 2010-05-18 | 2010-05-18 | Novel melting reduction iron-making furnace and smelting method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010177002XA CN101824500B (en) | 2010-05-18 | 2010-05-18 | Novel melting reduction iron-making furnace and smelting method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101824500A CN101824500A (en) | 2010-09-08 |
| CN101824500B true CN101824500B (en) | 2012-03-28 |
Family
ID=42688661
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010177002XA Expired - Fee Related CN101824500B (en) | 2010-05-18 | 2010-05-18 | Novel melting reduction iron-making furnace and smelting method thereof |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103290160B (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2015-03-04 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Process for producing direct reduced iron (DRI) by carrying out pure oxygen gasification on semicoke |
| CN110470141A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-11-19 | 西安交通大学 | It is a kind of to utilize semi-coke harmless treatment garbage flying ash apparatus and method |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB791586A (en) * | 1955-09-21 | 1958-03-05 | Eugenio Lubatti | Metallurgic furnace for the reduction of fine ores, in particular ferrous ores |
| US4670049A (en) * | 1984-04-23 | 1987-06-02 | Kelmar John J | Oxygen blast furnace for direct steel making |
| JPH07197114A (en) * | 1994-01-10 | 1995-08-01 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Coke packing layer type vertical smelting furnace |
| CN2230767Y (en) * | 1995-10-30 | 1996-07-10 | 东北大学 | Carbon-containing pellet reduction furnace with scrappers |
| CN101476002B (en) * | 2009-01-16 | 2012-06-20 | 北京中电华方科技有限公司 | Blast furnace iron manufacturing process |
| CN201704349U (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2011-01-12 | 王志江 | Novel smelting reduction iron-fining furnace |
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2010
- 2010-05-18 CN CN201010177002XA patent/CN101824500B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN101824500A (en) | 2010-09-08 |
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Granted publication date: 20120328 Termination date: 20140518 |