CN110470141A - It is a kind of to utilize semi-coke harmless treatment garbage flying ash apparatus and method - Google Patents
It is a kind of to utilize semi-coke harmless treatment garbage flying ash apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110470141A CN110470141A CN201910841349.0A CN201910841349A CN110470141A CN 110470141 A CN110470141 A CN 110470141A CN 201910841349 A CN201910841349 A CN 201910841349A CN 110470141 A CN110470141 A CN 110470141A
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- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 abstract description 26
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006894 reductive elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004894 snout Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
- F23L7/007—Supplying oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B17/00—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any preceding group
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
- F27D7/06—Forming or maintaining special atmospheres or vacuum within heating chambers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
- F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Abstract
It is a kind of to utilize semi-coke harmless treatment garbage flying ash apparatus and method, the mixtures such as semi-coke and garbage flying ash are put into the high temperature melting melt pool of accumulation semi-coke and carry out melting and solidification, realizes that heavy metal reduction is decomposed with dioxin；High temperature smelting furnace uses staged air distribution technology, and most of pure oxygen is passed through fritting melting layer through air inlet, realizes that low NOx cleaning burning is restored with heavy metal under reducing atmosphere in molten bath；Remaining pure oxygen is passed through melting furnace top through fire air nozzle, and oxidation eliminates CO, avoids toxic gas from escaping, while maintaining in-furnace temperature uniform.It can realize that innoxious flying dust, recycling, minimizing are handled using apparatus of the present invention and method, avoid secondary pollution；Semi-coke clean fuel characteristic and low price also solve fusing fly ash processing economy problems, are conducive to fusing fly ash processing method further genralrlization application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to incineration of refuse flyash processing technology fields, in particular to a kind of to utilize semi-coke harmless treatment rubbish
Flying dust apparatus and method.
Background technique
Waste incineration is the important process means of domestic waste, and the flying dust generated therewith brings processing aspect problem.
Incineration of refuse flyash constituent mainly has SiO2、Al2O3Equal acidic oxides and CaO, MgO, Fe2O3Equal basic anhydride and
A large amount of poisonous and harmful substances, including hypertoxicity substance dioxin and heavy metal Pb, Cr, Cd, Hg, Zn etc..China is newest
2016 editions " National Hazard waste register " are included in incineration of refuse flyash " HW18 incineration disposal residue ", it is not specially treated can not
Into refuse landfill.The mode of flying dust harmless treatment at present mainly has sintered molten technology, curing technology, chemical agent to stablize
Change technology and separation and leaching technology.Wherein sintered molten technology is using hypertoxic organic pollutant in higher temperature resolution flying dust, together
When decrement degree it is high, volume reduction ratio is big, is relatively advanced processing mode.
Flying dust high-temperature fusion equipment generally uses melt surface furnace, electric arc melting furnace, plasma melting furnace and cyclone furnace
Deng.When incineration of refuse flyash is heated to fusing fly ash temperature, the organic matters such as dioxin in flying dust are destroyed by thermal decomposition.It is molten
The low valent metals such as Fe, Ca, Al, Zn, Mn, Cr are transferred in slag during melting.Melting flying dust is divided by density classification
It is suspended in the fritting melting layer on fusion pool top and is deposited on the melting layer of high-temperature fusion bottom of pond portion, carried out after slag cools back receipts
Resource utilization.When in furnace being oxidizing atmosphere, the trivalent chromium in heavy metal is fully converted to Cr VI, has persistently to environment
Harmfulness does not allow to exist in environment protectment protection.Therefore, coal need to be added and do generation reproducibility gas under reducing agent high temperature
Atmosphere provides condition for the reduction and detoxication of heavy metal.After high temperature reducing atmospheres harmless treatment, the relatively low slag of density
(main component SiO2、Al2O3With CaO etc.) can be as production heat-preservation cotton, the raw material such as cement after cooling recycling, and density is higher
Metal (Fe, Zn and Cr etc.) is deposited on high-temperature fusion furnace bottom, obtains regeneration.
However, existing incineration of refuse flyash processing technique generates reducing atmosphere using coal, there are the following problems:
(1) NOx and SO is discharged in high temperature smelting furnace during coal burning used2Into in flue gas, concentration of emission is higher than national standard.
(2) may there are remaining dioxin and heavy metal to need secondary treatment during melt process garbage flying ash, increase system investment.
(3) melt process garbage flying ash energy consumption is high, and capacity usage ratio is low, builds high with operating cost, it is difficult to carry out industrialized implementation.
Summary of the invention
To overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, semi-coke harmless treatment rubbish is utilized the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of
Rubbish flying dust apparatus and method, effectively decompose dioxin by high temperature smelting furnace, reduce NOx and SO using staged air distribution technology2Row
Reducing heavy metal while putting, convenient for the final disposal and resource utilization of next step.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
It is a kind of to utilize semi-coke harmless treatment garbage flying ash device, including melting furnace 3, charging is provided at the top of melting furnace 3
Mouth 1,3 upper side of melting furnace is provided with fire air nozzle 2, and 3 lower part two sides of melting furnace are provided with air inlet 4, is located at burnout degree
3 lower part of melting furnace of 2 other side of spout is provided with slag exit 6, and 3 bottom of melting furnace is provided with fusion pool 5.
The pure oxygen air inlet 4 is arranged at 3 furnace body height 1/6 of high temperature smelting furnace.
Flying dust slag can be divided into the lower fritting melting layer of density and the higher melting layer of density in the fusion pool 5, and slag goes out
Mouth 6 is arranged at the higher melting layer of density.
A method of using semi-coke harmless treatment garbage flying ash, include the following steps；
The garbage flying ash that garbage burning factory generates, mixes with semi-coke in blender and handles molding, by 3 top of melting furnace
Bottom fusion pool 5 is fallen into, gos deep into carrying out melting and solidification inside fusion pool 5 under the effect of gravity, realizes that heavy metal reduction is disliked with two
Scruple solution；Pure oxygen is passed through in high temperature smelting furnace 3 to react with semi-coke；Staged air distribution technology is used in furnace, in 3 furnace body of high temperature smelting furnace
Pure oxygen air inlet 4 is set at highly 1/6 and is passed through most of pure oxygen to fritting melting layer, realizes that the low NOx of reducing atmosphere is clear in molten bath
Clean burning；Remaining pure oxygen is passed through melting furnace top through fire air nozzle 2, and oxidation eliminates CO and avoids toxic gas diffusion evolution, together
When so that furnace temperature is uniformly maintained at 1400~1500 DEG C；Fusion pool 5 plays the role of high-temperature thermal storage body, the molding rubbish that will be fallen into pond
Fusing fly ash solidification, and dioxin is decomposed, realize innoxious flying dust, recycling, minimizing processing.
Flying dust slag can be divided into lower fritting melting layer (the main component SiO of density in the fusion pool 52、Al2O3、CaO、
The flying dust newly fallen into and semi-coke etc.) and the higher melting layer of density (Fe, Zn and Cr etc.), by the discharge of slag exit 6 convenient in next step
Final disposal and resource utilization.
The high temperature smelting furnace 3 is 1~1.8m according to pure oxygen and semi-coke ratio3/ kg is passed through pure oxygen and reacts with semi-coke；It is molten
Melt and the burning consumption of fire air nozzle 2 incomplete product is set at 3 middle and upper part of furnace, and 3 furnace temperature of melting furnace is made uniformly to be maintained at 1400
~1500 DEG C.
The high temperature smelting furnace 3 be melt surface furnace, cyclone furnace, blast furnace high-temperature service any one.
The air inlet 4 in addition to pure oxygen can also blowing air etc. the gas of oxidation reaction can be carried out with semi-coke, air inflow is with gas
Atmosphere adjustment.
6 quantity of slag exit can be adjusted according to melting layer difference, be utilized convenient for following resourceization.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
Flown the present invention provides a kind of using semi-coke harmless treatment garbage flying ash apparatus and method mass disposal rubbish
Ash.Under high temperature and reducing atmosphere in melting furnace, dioxin contained by garbage flying ash is decomposed destruction, heavy metal be reduced into
Enter clinker, finally obtain innoxious slag, and environmentally friendly, without landfill, realizes innoxious, the money of incineration of refuse flyash
Source, minimizing utilize.
Semi-coke is as clean fuel with respect to bituminous coal its NOx and SO2Discharge amount is low, the heat supplies such as price and natural gas and fuel oil combustion
Material is compared to cheap, reduction operating cost.
Air inlet, which is passed through pure oxygen, can greatly improve semi-coke efficiency of combustion in melting furnace, guarantee furnace high-temperature environment, while
Avoid the N under high temperature in air2It is oxidized and generates thermal NO x.
Staged air distribution technology not only inhibits thermal NO x in furnace to generate in high temperature smelting furnace, while imperfect combustion generates
Reproducibility product (such as NH3And HCN), the meeting generated NOx of reductive cleavage, so that fuel type NOx be inhibited to generate.It is de- simplifying
Sulphur denitrification apparatus improves high temperature smelting furnace furnace temperature simultaneously and atmosphere adjusts flexibility.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the garbage flying ash schematic device of utilization semi-coke harmless treatment described in present example.
Wherein, 1 is feed inlet, and 2 be fire air nozzle, and 3 be melting furnace, and 4 be air inlet, and 5 be fusion pool, and 6 go out for slag
Mouthful.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Shown in Fig. 1, semi-coke harmless treatment garbage flying ash device is utilized to be a kind of.Invention high temperature melting furnace can be extensive
Harmless treatment garbage flying ash, while realizing that the reliable and economic of garbage flying ash recycles.Device includes that semi-coke garbage flying ash is mixed
Object feed inlet 1 is closed, be passed through most of pure oxygen for the unburnt air inlet 4 of semi-coke and is passed through the combustion of fraction residue pure oxygen
Wind snout 2 to the greatest extent；The semi-coke fly ash mixture falls into melting and solidification in the fusion pool 5 of 3 bottom of high temperature smelting furnace, and final generate is melted
Slag is discharged by slag exit 6；Enough semi-cokes are accumulated, in the forehearth of high temperature smelting furnace unlatching for fusion pool heating supply heat enough
Can, reach garbage flying ash melt process temperature requirement；5 suitable dimension of fusion pool guarantees semi-coke in fusion pool in melting furnace 3 and furnace
Fly ash mixture sufficiently reacts under reducing atmosphere.
The method falls into the mixtures such as semi-coke and garbage flying ash in bottom fusion pool 5 through 3 feed inlet 1 of high temperature smelting furnace
Melting and solidification realizes that heavy metal reduction is decomposed with dioxin；Most of pure oxygen is passed through fritting melting layer, remaining pure oxygen through air inlet 4
It is passed through melting furnace top through fire air nozzle 2, oxidation eliminates CO, avoids toxic gas from escaping, while maintaining in-furnace temperature uniform；
Slag is discharged by slag exit 6 in melting furnace 3.
The homogeneous mixtures such as the garbage flying ash and semi-coke are by falling into bottom fusion pool 5 at the top of melting furnace 3, in gravity
Under go deep into inside fusion pool 5, semi-coke anoxic imperfect combustion causes 5 inside strong reducing property atmosphere of fusion pool, realizes heavy metal also
It is former.
The high temperature smelting furnace 3 uses staged air distribution technology, and pure oxygen air inlet is arranged at high-temperature fusion furnace body height 1/6,
It is 1~1.8m according to pure oxygen and semi-coke ratio3/ kg is passed through pure oxygen and reacts with semi-coke, low NOx under reducing atmosphere in realization molten bath
Cleaning burning；The burning of fire air nozzle 2 is set at melting furnace middle and upper part and consumes incomplete product, and is maintained at furnace temperature uniformly
1400~1500 DEG C.
Fusion pool 5 plays the role of high-temperature thermal storage body, the molding garbage flying ash melting and solidification that will be fallen into pond, and decomposes two and dislike
English realizes innoxious flying dust, recycling, minimizing processing.
It is as follows that the present invention enters processing calculating in blast furnace to flying dust semi-coke mixture:
According to semi-coke Industrial Analysis, fixed carbon content height (80.4%) ash content (11.57%) and volatile matter
(7.99%) content is low, and calorific value height (26.87MJ.kg), it is one compared to other bituminous coal or anthracite that sulfur content, which is only 0.36%,
Kind clean fuel, therefore NOx and SO in combustion product2Amount is far below part coal.In high temperature smelting furnace, semi-coke is at high temperature
It is reacted with the pure oxygen being passed through and generates CO (reaction equation 1), reducing atmosphere will not only melt heavy metal detoxification harmless treatment, simultaneously
NOx will be generated and be reduced to N2.Because the fixed carbon content of semi-coke is high, it is assumed that only have fixed carbon and O in semi-coke2Oxidation reaction, other at
It point ignores, then 0.8kg C contained by 1kg semi-coke will generate pure CO and need O2Quality is about 1.1kg, O under corresponding room temperature2Volume
For 0.81m3(O when normal pressure is 20 DEG C lower2Density is 1.32kg/m3), i.e. 1kg semi-coke corresponds to O2Minimum consumption is 0.81m3.However
Loss in view of oxygen in transmission process dissipates, and semi-coke other components itself are reacted with oxygen and the needs of Operating condition adjustment,
Practical pure oxygen consumption will be much higher than calculated value.The present invention is 1~1.8m according to pure oxygen and semi-coke ratio3/ kg is passed through pure oxygen.
C+0.5O2→CO (1)
The present invention handles raw material using semi-coke as high-temperature fusion converter fly ash.Semi-coke is the high volatilization of inviscid or weak stickiness
Divide the lower carbonaceous product of volatile matter that carbonization obtains under bituminous coal low temperature.Semi-coke has volatility low (< 7%), sulfur-bearing low
The features such as (<0.5%), ash content low (<10%), calorific value high (>25MJ).As a kind of environment-friendly fuel, semi-coke NOx and SO2Row
High-volume it is below bituminous coal and part anthracite.Meanwhile semi-coke is cheap, has compared to fuel oil natural gas used in high temperature smelting furnace
Competitive advantage.The present invention mixes not exclusively combustion using semi-coke by rationally designing harmless treatment garbage flying ash device with flying dust
It burns and generates reducing atmosphere, realize heavy metal reduction and NOx and SO2Discharge reduce, reduce Construction and operation cost, reach flying dust without
Evilization, recycling, minimizing processing.
The present invention is a kind of using semi-coke harmless treatment garbage flying ash method, specific as follows:
The garbage flying ash that garbage burning factory generates, is mixed in a certain ratio with semi-coke in blender and handles molding, by
Bottom fusion pool 5 is fallen at the top of melting furnace 3, gos deep into carrying out melting and solidification inside fusion pool 5 under the effect of gravity, realizes heavy metal
Reduction is decomposed with dioxin；High temperature smelting furnace 3 is 1~1.8m according to pure oxygen and semi-coke ratio3It is anti-with semi-coke that/kg is passed through pure oxygen
It answers；Staged air distribution technology is used in furnace, setting pure oxygen air inlet 4 is passed through most of pure at 3 furnace body height 1/6 of high temperature smelting furnace
Oxygen realizes the low NOx cleaning burning of reducing atmosphere in molten bath to fritting melting layer；Remaining pure oxygen is passed through melting through fire air nozzle 2
Furnace top, oxidation eliminates CO and avoids toxic gas diffusion evolution, while furnace temperature being made uniformly to be maintained at 1400~1500 DEG C；Fusion pool
5 play the role of high-temperature thermal storage body, the molding garbage flying ash melting and solidification that will be fallen into pond, and decompose dioxin, realize flying dust without
Evilization, recycling, minimizing processing.Flying dust slag can be divided into lower fritting melting layer (the main component SiO of density in fusion pool 52、
Al2O3, CaO, the flying dust newly fallen into and semi-coke etc.) with the higher melting layer of density (Fe, Zn and Cr etc.), just by the discharge of slag exit 6
In the final disposal and resource utilization of next step.
The high temperature smelting furnace 3 can be melt surface furnace, cyclone furnace, the high-temperature services such as blast furnace.
The air inlet in addition to pure oxygen can also blowing air etc. the gas of oxidation reaction can be carried out with semi-coke, air inflow is with atmosphere
Adjustment；
6 quantity of slag exit can be adjusted according to melting layer difference, be utilized convenient for following resourceization.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of utilize semi-coke harmless treatment garbage flying ash device, which is characterized in that including melting furnace (3), melting furnace (3) top
Portion is provided with feed inlet (1), and melting furnace (3) upper side is provided with fire air nozzle (2), the setting of melting furnace (3) lower part two sides
There are air inlet (4), melting furnace (3) lower part for being located at fire air nozzle (2) other side is provided with slag exit (6), and described is molten
Melt furnace (3) bottom and is provided with fusion pool (5).
2. a kind of utilization semi-coke harmless treatment garbage flying ash device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Pure oxygen air inlet (4) is arranged at high temperature smelting furnace (3) furnace body height 1/6.
3. a kind of utilization semi-coke harmless treatment garbage flying ash device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Bottom is flying dust slag in fusion pool (5), and flying dust slag can be divided into the lower fritting melting layer of density and the higher melting layer of density, slag
(6) are exported to be arranged at the higher melting layer of density.
4. a kind of method using semi-coke harmless treatment garbage flying ash, which is characterized in that include the following steps；
The garbage flying ash that garbage burning factory generates, mixes with semi-coke in blender and handles molding, by falling at the top of melting furnace (3)
Enter bottom fusion pool (5), go deep into carrying out melting and solidification inside fusion pool (5) under the effect of gravity, realizes heavy metal reduction and two
Dislike scruple solution；Pure oxygen is passed through in high temperature smelting furnace (3) to react with semi-coke；Staged air distribution technology is used in furnace, in high temperature smelting furnace
(3) pure oxygen air inlet (4) are set at furnace body height 1/6 and are passed through most of pure oxygen to fritting melting layer, realize reproducibility gas in molten bath
The low NOx cleaning burning of atmosphere；Remaining pure oxygen is passed through melting furnace top through fire air nozzle (2), and oxidation eliminates CO and avoids toxic gas
Diffusion evolution；Fusion pool (5) plays the role of high-temperature thermal storage body, the molding garbage flying ash melting and solidification that will be fallen into pond, and decomposes
Dioxin.
5. a kind of method using semi-coke harmless treatment garbage flying ash according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described
Fusion pool (5) in flying dust slag can be divided into the lower fritting melting layer of density and the higher melting layer of density, by slag exit (6) be discharged
Convenient for the final disposal and resource utilization of next step.
6. a kind of method using semi-coke harmless treatment garbage flying ash according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described
High temperature smelting furnace (3) according to pure oxygen and semi-coke ratio be 1~1.8m3/ kg is passed through pure oxygen and reacts with semi-coke；In melting furnace (3)
Fire air nozzle (2) be set at top burn and consume incomplete product, and make melting furnace (3) furnace temperature be uniformly maintained at 1400~
1500℃。
7. a kind of method using semi-coke harmless treatment garbage flying ash according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described
High temperature smelting furnace (3) be melt surface furnace, cyclone furnace, blast furnace high-temperature service any one.
8. a kind of method using semi-coke harmless treatment garbage flying ash according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described
Air inlet (4) in addition to pure oxygen can also blowing air etc. the gas of oxidation reaction can be carried out with semi-coke, air inflow be adjusted with atmosphere.
9. a kind of method using semi-coke harmless treatment garbage flying ash according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described
Slag exit (6) quantity can be adjusted according to melting layer difference, be utilized convenient for following resourceization.
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| CN112792091A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-05-14 | 西安交通大学 | Harmless treatment system and method for resource utilization of garbage fly ash |
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