CN106765145A - The melting method of flying dust and the flying dust composition for melting - Google Patents
The melting method of flying dust and the flying dust composition for melting Download PDFInfo
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- CN106765145A CN106765145A CN201611226330.8A CN201611226330A CN106765145A CN 106765145 A CN106765145 A CN 106765145A CN 201611226330 A CN201611226330 A CN 201611226330A CN 106765145 A CN106765145 A CN 106765145A
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- flying dust
- additive
- melting
- composition
- incinerator
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
- F23G5/0276—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage using direct heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of melting method of flying dust, including：Additive is added in flying dust, to reduce the melt temperature of flying dust；The flying dust of additive will be added carries out melt process in sending into flying dust plasma melting processing unit by feed arrangement.The present invention also provides a kind of flying dust composition for melting, including：Flying dust and additive；The composition neutral and alkali oxide and acidic oxide content are suitable.According to the present invention, flying dust fusing point the brought waste energy high can not only be solved the problems, such as, and high-quality, the nontoxic residue with vitreous structure can be produced, make plasma melting device that minimizing, innoxious, disposal of resources to flying dust is better achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to incineration treatment of garbage field, melting method in particular to a kind of flying dust and for melting
Flying dust composition.
Background technology
Waste incineration is presented good growth momentum in China, it is considered to be China processes an important side of municipal refuse
To.Waste incineration can produce a large amount of flying dusts, account for the 3%~5% of waste incineration total amount, in flying dust containing substantial amounts of heavy metal and
Bioxin can bring new environmental problem.《National Hazard waste register》Clear stipulaties incineration of refuse flyash is dangerous useless
Thing, how to realize the appropriate disposal of this kind of secondary pollution has turned into waste incineration industry problem demanding prompt solution.
The content of the invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of melting method of flying dust, including：Added in the flying dust
Additive, to reduce the melt temperature of the flying dust；The flying dust of the additive will be added to send into flying dust etc. by feed arrangement
Melt process is carried out in ion melt process device.
In one example, after adding the additive, basic anhydride and acidic oxide content in the flying dust
Quite.
In one example, the basic anhydride include CaO, and the acidic oxide includes SiO2。
In one example, the additive comprises at least SiO2And Al2O3。
In one example, the flying dust comes from incinerator.
In one example, the incinerator includes grate incinerator, Rotation error or fluidized combustion
Stove.
In one example, the flying dust is stored in flying dust storehouse, and the additive is stored in additive bin, by discharge valve
Flying dust in the flying dust storehouse is delivered into flying dust metering device carry out flying dust and weigh, will be described by discharge valve and conveying worm
Additive in additive bin delivers to additive metering device and is added agent and weighs, the flying dust metering device and the addition
Agent metering device is independently arranged.
In one example, the plasma fusing fly ash processing unit is included using the plasma torch technology of metal electrode
Processing unit or using graphite electrode plasma arc technology processing unit.
The present invention also provides a kind of flying dust composition for melting, including：Flying dust and additive；Alkali in the composition
Property oxide and acidic oxide content are suitable.
In one example, the basic anhydride include CaO, and the acidic oxide includes SiO2。
In one example, the additive comprises at least SiO2And Al2O3。
In one example, the melt temperature of the flying dust composition is 1300 DEG C -1400 DEG C.
According to the present invention, flying dust fusing point the brought waste energy high can be not only solved the problems, such as, and can produce
High-quality, the nontoxic residue with vitreous structure, is better achieved plasma melting device and flying dust is subtracted
Quantization, innoxious, disposal of resources.
Brief description of the drawings
Drawings below of the invention is in this as a part of the invention for understanding the present invention.Shown in the drawings of this hair
Bright embodiment and its description, for explaining principle of the invention.
In accompanying drawing：
Fig. 1 is SiO2-Al2O3- CaO ternary thing phasors；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the step of being implemented successively according to the method for exemplary embodiment of the present.
Specific embodiment
In the following description, a large amount of concrete details are given to provide more thorough understanding of the invention.So
And, it is obvious to the skilled person that the present invention can be able to without one or more of these details
Implement.In other examples, in order to avoid obscuring with the present invention, do not enter for some technical characteristics well known in the art
Row description.
In order to thoroughly understand the present invention, detailed method and step and/or structure will be proposed in following description.Obviously,
Execution of the invention is not limited to specific details appreciated by those skilled in the art.Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is detailed
It is described as follows, but in addition to these detailed descriptions, the present invention can also have other embodiment.
It should be appreciated that the present invention can be implemented in different forms, and should not be construed as being limited to what is proposed here
Embodiment.On the contrary, providing these embodiments disclosure will be made thoroughly and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to
Those skilled in the art.In the accompanying drawings, for clarity, the size and relative size in Ceng He areas may be exaggerated.From start to finish
Same reference numerals represent identical element.
It should be appreciated that when use in this manual term "comprising" and/or " including " when, it is indicated in the presence of described
Feature, entirety, step, operation, element and/or component, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, entirety,
Step, operation, element, component and/or combinations thereof." one " of singulative, " one " and " described/should " be also intended to include
Plural form, unless context is expressly noted that other mode.
Incineration of refuse flyash is the molecule of discharge in Refuse Incineration Process, wherein containing the things such as heavy metal, bioxin
Matter, belongs to hazardous waste.China《Hazardous Wastes Management technological policy for treatment》The 9th in (State Environmental Protection Administration, 2001)
Regulation of the bar to flying dust：The long-term storage in ground must not produced；Must not simply be disposed and be discharged.Garbage-incineration smoke purifying system
System trapping thing and flue sedimentation bottom ash constitute flying dust, flying dust produce ground must carry out it is necessary stabilisation and curing process it
After can transport, the stabilisation refer to using the materials such as the heavy metal in medicament and flying dust occur chemical reaction (such as dissolving,
Precipitation, chelating etc.), pollutant is transformed into small and stable chemical nature the material of solubility, the solidification refers to using granulation
Equipment makes the flying dust after stabilisation be molded and with certain intensity.
The treatment technology of incineration of refuse flyash is a lot, mainly there is cement solidification, chemical agent to stabilize, sour solvent is extracted,
Melting and solidification etc..Wherein, due to having the advantages that stable chemical nature, non-secondary pollution problem, melting and solidification technology is considered as
Advanced flyash treatment method for waste incineration is presently the most, is had great advantage in minimizing, innoxious, resource.Should
Technology is under 1300 DEG C~1500 DEG C of hot conditions, the organic matter in flying dust is decomposed, is gasified, and inorganic matter is melt into glass
Glass matter slag.The technology can to greatest extent realize lime-ash volume reduction, while realizing heavy metal stabilization and thoroughly eliminating Er Evil
English pollutant, and flying dust after vitrifying can serve as building or paveio(u)r, have effectively achieved the resource profit of waste
With.
Requirement due to melting and solidification technology to high temperature and reducing atmosphere is higher, and technology widely used at present mainly includes
Oxygen-enriched coke technology, electric fusion technology and plasma melting technology etc..Oxygen-enriched coke technology is mainly derived from Ferrous Metallurgy technology,
The technology relies primarily on the high temperature that coke produces under oxygen-enriched environment and is melted flying dust, and the consumption of STRENGTH ON COKE is higher.Electricity
Fusion technology produces thermal source using electric heater substitute for coke, but there is a problem of that equipment corrodes, heating element heater changes complicated.Deng
Ion fusion technology is broadly divided into torch technology and arc technology, and the former relies primarily on the high-temperature gas of plasma torch generation to material
Heated, the latter is heated by the high-temperature electric arc that negative and positive interpolar is produced to material.Because plasma melting technology has
The advantages of energy efficiency is high, production process is cleaned, do not use coke, is just paid attention to by more and more researchers at present.
For current flying dust plasma melting handling process, there are following problems：Directly flying dust is melted,
Or addition a small amount of additive, make to waste the substantial amounts of energy while fusing fly ash；Flyash ingredient changes greatly, causes the glass for producing
Body mass of residue is poor, it is impossible to reach the requirement of nontoxic product.
Flying dust composition is mainly by CaO, SiO2、Al2O3Composition, and contain a small amount of K2O、Na2O.Single oxide
Fusing point is all very high, and the fusing point of such as CaO is up to 2572 degree, therefore, fusing fly ash is fallen to need many energy.Can by thing phasor
To know, when three kinds of oxides are mixed with certain proportion, the fusing point of mixture can be substantially reduced.In addition, can be formed nontoxic
Harmless vitreous structure, closely related with flying ash composition, theoretical research shows, basic anhydride and acidity in flying dust
In the case that oxide content is suitable, vitreum is more readily formed after fusing fly ash.
Generally, the main matter in flying dust is by SiO2、Al2O3, CaO compositions, composition is as follows：SiO2Weight hundred
Content is divided to be 7.39%, Al2O3Weight percentage for 1.25%, CaO weight percentage be 91.36%.By Fig. 1 institutes
Knowable to the thing phasor for showing, winged fusion point of ash not within vitrifying region (melt temperature is at 2400 degree or so), and SiO2With
Al2O3Content it is considerably less, these materials are the indispensable elements to form vitrifying product.
Thing phasor as shown in Figure 1 understands, before the flying dust input plasma melting device that Refuse Incineration Process is produced,
A certain amount of additive is added in flying dust, makes basic anhydride and acidic oxide content in flying dust quite, not only can be with
The melt temperature of flying dust is reduced, and the quality of the vitreum of fusing fly ash formation can be improved.The additive is comprised at least
SiO2And Al2O3, by the weight percentage for adding the additive to reduce CaO in flying dust, improve SiO2And Al2O3Weight
Amount percentage composition.For example, the weight percentage of CaO in flying dust is down to 35% by 91.36% by adding the additive,
Meanwhile, make SiO in flying dust2Weight percentage rise to 40%, Al by 7.39%2O3Weight percentage by 1.25% liter
To 17%, now, including the basic anhydride including CaO and including SiO2It is suitable in interior acidic oxide content, so that
The melt temperature of flying dust is located at by 2400 degree or so the melt temperatures for being down to 1300 degree or so, i.e. flying dust implements plasma melting
Near the minimum of temperature range (1300 DEG C~1500 DEG C), preferably 1300 DEG C -1400 DEG C, SiO in flying dust2And Al2O3Content
It is substantially improved, so that the vitreum formed after fusing fly ash has quality higher.The additive is except containing SiO2With
Al2O3, a small amount of metal oxide, such as K can also be contained2O、Na2O etc., melt temperature of these metal oxides to flying dust
And the qualitative effects of the vitreum formed after fusing fly ash are little.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart the step of melting method of the flying dust provided according to the present invention is implemented successively.First, step is performed
Rapid 201, additive is added in flying dust, to reduce the melt temperature of flying dust.Then, step 202 is performed, additive will be added
Flying dust sends into flying dust plasma melting processing unit and carries out melt process by feed arrangement.
The melting method of the flying dust provided according to the present invention and the flying dust composition for melting, can not only solve to fly
The problem of ash fusion point the brought waste energy high, and can produce high-quality, it is nontoxic with vitreous structure
Residue, make plasma melting device that minimizing, innoxious, disposal of resources to flying dust is better achieved.
As an example, according to the structure of incinerator, the incinerator is broadly divided into grate incinerator, rotary kiln incineration
Stove and fluidized bed incinerator.
Grate incinerator is divided into fixed grate incinerator and moving grate incinerator, and fixed grate incinerator is less at present to be made
With moving grate incinerator mainly includes horizontal link chain mechanical grate incinerator and inclines two kinds of mechanical grate incinerator, inclines
The type of mechanical grate incinerator mainly has rock type, step arranged side by side, reciprocating motion type, inclines crawler type, drum-type etc..Machine
Tool grate incinerator can substantially be divided into three sections：Dryer section, burning zone and burning segment, each section of quantity and the speed of service can
To adjust.
Rotation error is a tilted cylinder with refractory material, around the rotation of its trunnion axis.Rotation error
Can be used alone or as the dryer section of mechanical grate incinerator.
Fluidized bed incinerator is to carry out the burning of solid waste based on fluidization principle, its burner hearth built with air distribution plate,
Deflector, heat-carrying medium inert particle etc., in burning process, material is in fluidized state.
As an example, the flying dust that will be discharged from incinerator by the feed arrangement and the additive are by certain ratio
After example is well mixed, plasma melting processing unit is sent into.Flying dust is stored in flying dust storehouse, and additive is stored in additive bin, leads to
Cross discharge valve and the flying dust in flying dust storehouse is delivered into flying dust metering device carry out flying dust and weigh, will by discharge valve and conveying worm
Additive in additive bin delivers to additive metering device and is added agent and weighs, flying dust metering device and additive metering dress
Put and be independently arranged.
As an example, the plasma fusing fly ash processing unit includes the place using the plasma torch technology of metal electrode
Reason device, the processing unit of plasma arc technology etc. using graphite electrode.
The present invention is illustrated by above-described embodiment, but it is to be understood that, above-described embodiment is only intended to
Citing and descriptive purpose, and be not intended to limit the invention in described scope of embodiments.In addition people in the art
Member is it is understood that the invention is not limited in above-described embodiment, teaching of the invention can also be made more kinds of
Variants and modifications, these variants and modifications are all fallen within scope of the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention by
The appended claims and its equivalent scope are defined.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of melting method of flying dust, it is characterised in that including：Additive is added in the flying dust, to reduce described flying
The melt temperature of ash；The flying dust of the additive will be added to enter in sending into flying dust plasma melting processing unit by feed arrangement
Row melt process.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that after adding the additive, the alkaline oxygen in the flying dust
Compound and acidic oxide content are suitable.
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the basic anhydride include CaO, the acidic oxide
Including SiO2。
4. method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the additive comprises at least SiO2And Al2O3。
5. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the flying dust comes from incinerator.
6. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the incinerator includes grate incinerator, rotary kiln
Incinerator or fluidized bed incinerator.
7. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the flying dust is stored in flying dust storehouse, the addition developing agent storage
In additive bin, the flying dust in the flying dust storehouse is delivered to by flying dust metering device by discharge valve carry out flying dust and weigh, by unloading
Additive in the additive bin is delivered to additive metering device and is added agent and weighed by material valve and conveying worm, described
Flying dust metering device and the additive metering device are independently arranged.
8. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the plasma fusing fly ash processing unit is included using gold
Belong to the processing unit of the plasma torch technology of electrode or the processing unit of the plasma arc technology using graphite electrode.
9. it is a kind of for melt flying dust composition, it is characterised in that including：Flying dust and additive；The composition neutral and alkali
Oxide and acidic oxide content are suitable.
10. flying dust composition according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the basic anhydride include CaO, the acid
Property oxide include SiO2。
11. flying dust compositions according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the additive comprises at least SiO2And Al2O3。
12. flying dust compositions according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the melt temperature of the flying dust composition is
1300℃-1400℃。
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| CN201611226330.8A CN106765145A (en) | 2016-12-27 | 2016-12-27 | The melting method of flying dust and the flying dust composition for melting |
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| CN201611226330.8A CN106765145A (en) | 2016-12-27 | 2016-12-27 | The melting method of flying dust and the flying dust composition for melting |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107338358A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-11-10 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Heavy metal in flying ash is Ji the removal methods of bioxin |
| CN108680707A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-10-19 | 光大环保技术研究院（南京）有限公司 | A kind of flying dust full constituent quantitative analysis method |
| CN108927398A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-12-04 | 天津大学 | The vitrified method of plasma fusion flying dust based on the adjustment of tri- Phase Proportion of CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 |
| CN109486532A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-03-19 | 华中科技大学 | System for recovering dangerous solid waste by focusing solar energy at high temperature |
| CN110142278A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-08-20 | 光大环保技术装备（常州）有限公司 | A kind of method of incineration of refuse flyash plasma melting |
| TWI689687B (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2020-04-01 | 東海大學 | Methods of handling incinerated fly ash and other waste |
| CN111100719A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-05-05 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Preparation method of water-washed fly ash derived fuel |
| CN112960896A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-06-15 | 温州新鑫环保有限公司 | Fly ash melting furnace capable of preventing side wall from being stuck with ash |
| CN113265767A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-08-17 | 光大环保技术研究院（深圳）有限公司 | Mineral wool production device and method for plasma danger waste ash melting system |
| WO2021227391A1 (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2021-11-18 | 江苏金牛环保工程设备有限公司 | Fly ash multi-stage recycling treatment device |
| CN117510183A (en) * | 2023-11-10 | 2024-02-06 | 北京科技大学 | Concrete aggregate prepared from waste incineration fly ash and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107338358A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-11-10 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Heavy metal in flying ash is Ji the removal methods of bioxin |
| TWI689687B (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2020-04-01 | 東海大學 | Methods of handling incinerated fly ash and other waste |
| CN108680707B (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2021-04-27 | 光大环保技术研究院（南京）有限公司 | Quantitative analysis method for all components of fly ash |
| CN108680707A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-10-19 | 光大环保技术研究院（南京）有限公司 | A kind of flying dust full constituent quantitative analysis method |
| CN108927398A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-12-04 | 天津大学 | The vitrified method of plasma fusion flying dust based on the adjustment of tri- Phase Proportion of CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 |
| CN109486532A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-03-19 | 华中科技大学 | System for recovering dangerous solid waste by focusing solar energy at high temperature |
| CN110142278A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-08-20 | 光大环保技术装备（常州）有限公司 | A kind of method of incineration of refuse flyash plasma melting |
| CN111100719A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-05-05 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Preparation method of water-washed fly ash derived fuel |
| CN111100719B (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2021-04-20 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Preparation method of water-washed fly ash derived fuel |
| WO2021227391A1 (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2021-11-18 | 江苏金牛环保工程设备有限公司 | Fly ash multi-stage recycling treatment device |
| CN113265767A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-08-17 | 光大环保技术研究院（深圳）有限公司 | Mineral wool production device and method for plasma danger waste ash melting system |
| CN112960896A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-06-15 | 温州新鑫环保有限公司 | Fly ash melting furnace capable of preventing side wall from being stuck with ash |
| CN112960896B (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2022-09-16 | 王娟 | Fly ash melting furnace capable of preventing side wall from being stuck with ash |
| CN117510183A (en) * | 2023-11-10 | 2024-02-06 | 北京科技大学 | Concrete aggregate prepared from waste incineration fly ash and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20170531 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |