CN105817459A - Method for treating hazardous waste incineration bottom ash by using plasma technology - Google Patents
Method for treating hazardous waste incineration bottom ash by using plasma technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN105817459A CN105817459A CN201610010363.2A CN201610010363A CN105817459A CN 105817459 A CN105817459 A CN 105817459A CN 201610010363 A CN201610010363 A CN 201610010363A CN 105817459 A CN105817459 A CN 105817459A
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- waste incineration
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000010882 bottom ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxin Chemical compound O1C=COC=C1 KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004017 vitrification Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010169 landfilling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010852 non-hazardous waste Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002906 medical waste Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000004127 vitreous body Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 241001300078 Vitrea Species 0.000 description 2
- VEUACKUBDLVUAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].[Ca] Chemical compound [Na].[Ca] VEUACKUBDLVUAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010019233 Headaches Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000869 headache Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000306 recurrent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/20—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste
- B09B3/25—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste using mineral binders or matrix
- B09B3/29—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste using mineral binders or matrix involving a melting or softening step
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/30—Incineration ashes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating hazardous waste incineration bottom ash by using plasma technology. According to the invention, high temperature produced by plasma is utilized to decompose and destroy residual toxic organic matters including dioxin in the incineration bottom ash, and heating and cooling are carried out so as to form high-hardness high-strength vitrification slag of enclosed structure. As heavy metal ions included in the incineration bottom ash are immobilized, secondary pollution can be avoided, and technical requirements for ultralow leaching toxicity can be met, so hazardous wastes can be efficiently converted into non-hazardous wastes and do not need landfilling at great expense; and the vitrification slag formed after treatment can be converted into a road building material, constructional material or the like for comprehensive utilization, so the method has wide promotion space.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hazardous waste processing technology field, more particularly, to a kind of method utilizing plasma technology to process Hazardous waste incineration bottom ash.
Background technology
In recent years, along with social economy and the high speed development of modern industry, the generation amount of various refuses increases day by day, the particularly process of poisonous and harmful hazardous waste, it has also become make the social problems that national governments have a headache.Hazardous waste has the multiple hazard profiles such as toxic, explosivity, corrosivity, chemical reactivity, infectiousness, radioactivity, environment is caused severe contamination, and can continue for a long time, cause serious harm thus for environment and economic sustainable development.
Due to hazardous waste treatment technology and various reasons economically, China processes for hazardous waste at present and mostly uses directly landfill or the method for stacking, do not only take up a large amount of soil, and severe contamination soil, subsoil water and air, threaten the health of people, destroy the environment of surrounding, and our descendants is formed long-range harm.According to statistics, the year generation amount of current China hazardous waste has reached tens million of ton.And compared with the generation amount of hazardous waste, the disposing capacity of China is the weakest, comprehensive utilization and disposal amount to hazardous waste, less than 10,000,000 tons, cause substantial amounts of hazardous waste to be in the state of interim storage, environmentally safe constitute serious threat.
Clinical waste is put into " National Hazard refuse register " as hazardous waste.At present, the main processing ways of clinical waste is still traditional high temperature incineration method, the most generally uses rotary kiln that clinical waste is carried out burning disposal.During the incineration disposal of clinical waste, substantial amounts of slag will be produced, slag will mainly contain a part of glass and the flying dust containing heavy metal.Simultaneously as the temperature of rotary kiln is relatively low, and it is in oxygen atmosphere, therefore can produce the hazardous substances such as dioxin in burning process, and remain in a large number in slag.
Above-mentioned employing rotary kiln will produce a large amount of slag after clinical waste is carried out burning disposal, the density ratio of slag is relatively low, volume ratio is bigger, contain dioxin and heavy metal substance simultaneously, healthy to nearby residents creates tremendous influence, and it cannot directly be comprehensively utilized, need these slags entrance hazardous waste landfill is carried out landfill disposal.But, it is high to there is construction cost in hazardous waste landfill, and region monopoly is strong, the problem that landfill formality complexity, construction and use and maintenance cost are high, and substantial amounts of land resource can be taken, and could close after needing the maintenance of more than 20 year, it is difficult to carry out for a long time, resource be also result in waste.Further, even if after closing, during long-term landfill, it is also possible to the problem occurring counterdie to rupture, causing the hazardous substance in slag to penetrate in soil, this will have a strong impact on the safety of subsoil water.
Therefore, develop a kind of processing method for such as medical waste incineration furnace slag, make slag eliminate the hazardous substances such as remaining dioxin after treatment and have the advantage of ultralow Leaching and can convert and directly utilize, huge society and economic benefits will be produced.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the drawbacks described above overcoming prior art to exist, it is provided that a kind of method utilizing plasma technology to process Hazardous waste incineration bottom ash, to realize the harmless treatment of hazardous waste.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of method utilizing plasma technology to process Hazardous waste incineration bottom ash, including:
Step one: the slag produced after dangerous waste incineration is provided, and using glass, calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide at least one be added as adjuvant；
Step 2: utilize a plasma treatment appts, loads slag and adjuvant wherein, carries out heat treated under plasmoid, to decompose the toxic organic compound including dioxin of residual in slag, and utilize adjuvant as accelerator, make slag melt with adjuvant, form glass state material；
Step 3: cooling glass state material, forms vitreous slag, with the heavy metal ion solidification that will contain in slag.
Preferably, the flying dust produced after described slag contains dangerous waste incineration.
Preferably, first flying dust is carried out desalting processing, then be added in slag.
Preferably, use water-washing method that flying dust is carried out desalting processing.
Preferably, described flying dust proportion in slag is less than 30wt%.
Preferably, the addition of described glass is less than 20wt%.
Preferably, the addition of described calcium carbonate or silicon dioxide is less than 5wt%.
Preferably, also including being added using aluminium oxide as adjuvant, its addition is less than 5wt%.
Preferably, in step 2, temperature when carrying out heat treated is 1100-1600 DEG C, and the time is less than 60 minutes.
Preferably, in step 3, using water-bath mode quickly to cool down glass state material, water temperature is less than 40 DEG C.
Can be seen that from technique scheme, the toxic organic compound including dioxin of residual in slag is carried out decomposing destruction by the high temperature that the present invention produces by utilizing plasma, and the high rigidity of enclosed construction is formed by heating and cooling process, high strength vitreous slag, the heavy metal ion solidification that will contain in slag, can avoid producing secondary pollution, and meet the technology requirement of ultralow Leaching, thus hazardous waste can be transformed into unhazardous waste and substantial amounts of money need not be spent again to make landfill disposal, and the vitreous slag that process is formed can be converted into road-making material, building materials etc. are comprehensively utilized, thus there is wide popularization space.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by detailed description of the invention, the present invention is described in further detail.
According to the record in HW18 district in " National Hazard refuse register ", the plasma treated rear vitreous slag formed is not belonging to hazardous waste, excludes in Hazardous Wastes Management catalogue.If the vitreous body that may be used for the uses such as building materials can be converted into by plasma technology burning the slag produced, hazardous waste be converted into unhazardous waste, then will be a relevant invention.
The core concept of the present invention is to provide a kind of method utilizing plasma technology to process Hazardous waste incineration bottom ash, carry out decomposing destruction by the toxic organic compound including dioxin of residual in slag by the high temperature utilizing plasma to produce, and the high rigidity of enclosed construction is formed by plasma high-temperature process, high strength vitreous slag, the heavy metal ion contained in slag is solidificated in vitreous slag, make slag can eliminate the hazardous substances such as wherein the most remaining dioxin after treatment, the advantage that the vitreous slag formed has ultralow Leaching, directly utilize such that it is able to convert, realize the harmless treatment of hazardous waste.
The principle of Cement Composite Treated by Plasma hazardous waste technology is the high temperature height hot plasma utilizing plasma generator to produce, and is destroyed by the Organic substance fast decoupled in hazardous waste, and makes inorganic matter be generated glass state material after high-temperature fusion.What application was most at present is DC arc plasma generator, and has formed the plasma processing of commercialization.
A kind of method utilizing plasma technology to process Hazardous waste incineration bottom ash of the present invention, the slag after can be applicable to for such as medical wastes incineration carries out harmless treatment, comprises the following steps:
Step one: the slag produced after dangerous waste incineration is provided, and using glass, calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide at least one be added as adjuvant.
Step 2: utilize a plasma treatment appts, loads slag and adjuvant wherein, carries out heat treated under plasmoid, to decompose the toxic organic compound including dioxin of residual in slag, and utilize adjuvant as accelerator, make slag melt with adjuvant, form glass state material.
Step 3: cooling glass state material, forms vitreous slag, with the heavy metal ion solidification that will contain in slag.
Slag and substantial amounts of flying dust can be produced after rotary kiln incineration processes.Flying dust also contains dioxin and heavy metal substance, and meeting healthy to nearby residents has an immense impact on, and needs landfill stabilization.Therefore, by dust pelletizing system, flying dust can be collected, and add in slag, carry out plasma heating process using the slag containing flying dust as raw material, it is also possible to utilize and fly ash composition as the material forming glassy state.So, it is possible to so that flying dust obtains twice laid.
For the flying dust relatively more containing soluble-salt, in addition it is also necessary to first deviate from salinity (i.e. desalting processing) before entering plasma treatment appts and processing.As a preferably embodiment, in above-mentioned step one, if in slag containing in flying dust and flying dust containing low boiling salt timesharing such as such as sodium chloride, water-washing method can be used, flying dust is carried out desalting processing.When washing, agitator can be used to be stirred, so that the salinity in flying dust is fully dissolved abjection.After washing, sheet frame can be used to carry out filter pressing, squeeze the moisture gone in flying dust.Then, should regulate flying dust proportion in slag, and mix homogeneously with slag and other adjuvants, using plasma carries out heat treated together.Flying dust proportion in slag is preferably no more than 30wt%.After flying dust excess, Vitrea formation can be had a negative impact, and the vitreous slag Leaching ultimately formed will be caused to increase.
When carrying out above-mentioned washing and processing, owing to the dissolubility in water such as the dioxin in flying dust is minimum, so the risk that these Organic Hazardous Compounds enter in water body is almost negligible.Waste water after desalting processing can process in the usual way.
When slag being carried out plasma heating and processing; by adding the one of which of glass, calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide etc. or its two kinds and whole combinations in slag as adjuvant; to contribute to increasing the mobility of the melten glass state material formed, and raising glass state material cooling forming (i.e. forming vitreous slag) fixes the ability of heavy metal ion afterwards.It is also with the adjuvants such as calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide, glass as accelerator, makes that slag and adjuvant are melted produces reaction, preferably to form glass state material.
In above-mentioned interpolation adjuvant, the addition of calcium carbonate is preferably less than 5wt% (accounting for slag proportion), and its purity should be not less than 80%.The Main Function of calcium carbonate is to reduce Vitrea melting point, and is easier to separate out glass state material.Adding calcium carbonate also can make the mobility improvement of glass state material be obviously improved.The concrete addition of calcium carbonate can be adjusted according to applicable pulp viscosity, and to meet safe and reliable continuous prodution needs, (addition is big, and melted glass state material viscosity is low, and load is big, controls difficulty high, operator are had security threat；Addition is little, and melted glass state material viscosity is thick, blanking difficulty).
When carrying out heat treated, it is also possible to add glass in slag, as the adjuvant forming glass state material.As a example by clinical waste, in its slag after burning disposal, itself is containing a certain amount of glass, therefore, can add glass in plasma treatment on a small quantity, even can be without.Glass is nucleation material, according to the existence situation of glass existing in raw material slag, adds glass in right amount when carrying out plasma heating process, will be more conducive to the precipitation of glass state material.As optional embodiment, the glass types of interpolation can be common soda-lime glass waste material；Further, the addition of described glass is preferably less than 20wt% (accounting for slag proportion).
When carrying out heat treated, it is also possible to add silicon dioxide in slag.The Main Function of silicon dioxide is that the ability making vitreous slag pin heavy metal ion is strengthened, but melting temperature can be caused to improve, and makes energy consumption increase.Therefore, silicon dioxide should add in right amount, and its addition is preferably less than 5wt% (accounting for slag proportion).
Above-mentioned glass, calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide etc. individually can add as independent adjuvant, it is also possible to add the most any two kinds or its whole combination of glass, calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide etc. simultaneously.
As other preferred implementation, when carrying out heat treated, it is also possible to add aluminium oxide in slag again as adjuvant.The Main Function of aluminium oxide is that the pinning effect promoting the intensity of vitreous slag and heavy metal ion is strengthened, but also results in melting temperature and improve, and makes energy consumption increase.Therefore, aluminium oxide should add equally in right amount, and its addition is preferably less than 5wt% (accounting for slag proportion).
As preferred embodiment, in above-mentioned step 2, temperature when carrying out heat treated can be 1100-1600 DEG C, and the process process time is less than 60 minutes.It is further preferred that temperature when carrying out heat treated can be 1200-1300 DEG C, the process process time is less than 20 minutes.Use the said method of the present invention, can be formed at relatively low temperature and meet the glass state material that ultralow Leaching technology requires, greatly save energy resource consumption.
The above-mentioned glass state material formed through plasma heating process, needs to process to form vitreous slag further by cooling.As a preferably embodiment, in above-mentioned step 3, water-bath mode can be used quickly to cool down glass state material, the water temperature of cooling water is to be advisable less than 40 DEG C, and water temperature over-high can make rate of heat exchange slow, affects slag effect processed.As an example, glass state material is quickly cooled down by the chilling quenching technical that flowing cool water can be used to rinse, and to reduce rapidly the temperature of glass state material, effectively suppresses the precipitation of heavy metal ion.Form graininess vitreous slag after chilling, later stage process can be easy to.Cooling water can use room temperature preferably at recurrent state, the temperature of cooling water, also should be by the blanking speed controlling of glass state material in the range of water temperature can be born.
The vitreous body slag charge of large volume can also be formed by the mode of slow cooling.
Above-mentioned plasma heating processes tail gas and can recycle according to pertinent regulations, and its garbage can also continue to reuse.
By 9 batches of medical waste incineration furnace slags use the said method of the present invention process; the dioxin contained in raw material slag is decomposed clean by high-temperature plasma, and in its vitreous slag formed, the content of the poisonous and harmful substance such as heavy metal ion is also entirely below the control limit standard of the useless landfill disposal of danger.Detect through refuse toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (ToxicityCharacteristicLeachingProcedure, TCLP), result as shown in table 1 (in table ND represent do not detect).
From table 1, detect data result can be seen that; adopt the vitreous slag Leaching being obtained by the present invention to limit far below the control of the useless landfill disposal of danger; thus not only there is ultralow Leaching; and can be converted into such as build the road, the material such as building directly uses, and resources conservation and utilization, the development of promotion environmental protection cause are brought positive social benefit and economic benefit.
Table 1 refuse toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) analysis result:
Embodiment 1
Take medical waste incineration furnace slag as raw material slag A, with the raw material slag weight of 400 kgs/hour (wherein containing the flying dust 100 kilograms after washing processes), add continuous way plasma heating furnace and carry out plasma heating process.In processing procedure, sodium calcium simple glass material adds 40 kilograms, and aluminium oxide adds 5 kilograms, and calcium carbonate adds 8 kilograms, plasma heating treatment temperature 1300 DEG C, processes continuous discharge after 10 minutes time, cools down with circulating water, water temperature 20 degree.The vitreous slag disintegrating slag sampling of output is qualified through the detection of refuse toxicity characteristic leaching procedure.
Embodiment 2
Take medical waste incineration furnace slag as raw material slag B, with the raw material slag weight of 700 kgs/hour (wherein containing the flying dust 200 kilograms after washing processes), add continuous way plasma heating furnace and carry out plasma heating process.In processing procedure, sodium calcium simple glass material adds 140 kilograms, aluminium oxide adds 10 kilograms, calcium carbonate adds 35 kilograms, it is contemplated that be mixed with stainless steel-like material (rustless steel material includes in clinical waste the utensils such as metal tweezers, is mixed in vitreous body by slag) in vitreous body (glass state material), plasma heating treatment temperature uses 1600 DEG C, continuous discharge after 19 minutes process time, cools down with circulating water, water temperature 20 degree.Stainless steel-like material owing to being mixed with in vitreous body is simple metal material, separates with vitreous slag after water-cooled, can sort out in the later stage.The vitreous slag disintegrating slag sampling of output is qualified through the detection of refuse toxicity characteristic leaching procedure.
Embodiment 3
Take medical waste incineration furnace slag as raw material slag C, with the raw material slag weight of 500 kgs/hour (wherein containing the flying dust 100 kilograms after washing processes), add continuous way plasma heating furnace and carry out plasma heating process.In processing procedure, aluminium oxide adds 7 kilograms, and calcium carbonate adds 15 kilograms, and plasma heating treatment temperature uses 1200 DEG C, processes continuous discharge after 12 minutes time, cools down with circulating water, water temperature 20 degree.The vitreous slag disintegrating slag sampling of output is qualified through the detection of refuse toxicity characteristic leaching procedure.
In sum, the toxic organic compound including dioxin of residual in slag is carried out decomposing destruction by the high temperature that the present invention produces by utilizing plasma, effectiveness is up to more than 99%, and the high rigidity of enclosed construction is formed by heating and cooling process, high strength vitreous slag, the heavy metal ion solidification that will contain in slag, can avoid producing secondary pollution, and meet the technology requirement of ultralow Leaching, thus hazardous waste Efficient Conversion can be become unhazardous waste and substantial amounts of money need not be spent again to make landfill disposal, and the vitreous slag that process is formed can be converted into road-making material, building materials etc. are comprehensively utilized, thus there is wide popularization space.
The above-described the preferred embodiments of the present invention that are only, described embodiment is also not used to limit the scope of patent protection of the present invention, and the equivalent structure change that the description of the most every utilization present invention is made in like manner should be included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. one kind utilizes the method that plasma technology processes Hazardous waste incineration bottom ash, it is characterised in that including:
Step one: the slag produced after dangerous waste incineration is provided, and using glass, calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide at least one be added as adjuvant；
Step 2: utilize a plasma treatment appts, loads slag and adjuvant wherein, carries out heat treated under plasmoid, to decompose the toxic organic compound including dioxin of residual in slag, and utilize adjuvant as accelerator, make slag melt with adjuvant, form glass state material；
Step 3: cooling glass state material, forms vitreous slag, with the heavy metal ion solidification that will contain in slag.
The method utilizing plasma technology to process Hazardous waste incineration bottom ash the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the flying dust that described slag produces after containing dangerous waste incineration.
The method utilizing plasma technology to process Hazardous waste incineration bottom ash the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that first flying dust is carried out desalting processing, then be added in slag.
The method utilizing plasma technology to process Hazardous waste incineration bottom ash the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that use water-washing method that flying dust is carried out desalting processing.
5. according to the method utilizing plasma technology process Hazardous waste incineration bottom ash described in claim 2-4 any one, it is characterised in that described flying dust proportion in slag is less than 30wt%.
The method utilizing plasma technology to process Hazardous waste incineration bottom ash the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the addition of described glass is less than 20wt%.
The method utilizing plasma technology to process Hazardous waste incineration bottom ash the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the addition of described calcium carbonate or silicon dioxide is less than 5wt%.
The method utilizing plasma technology to process Hazardous waste incineration bottom ash the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also including being added using aluminium oxide as adjuvant, its addition is less than 5wt%.
The method utilizing plasma technology to process Hazardous waste incineration bottom ash the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 2, temperature when carrying out heat treated is 1100-1600 DEG C, and the time is less than 60 minutes.
The method utilizing plasma technology to process Hazardous waste incineration bottom ash the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 3, uses water-bath mode quickly to cool down glass state material, and water temperature is less than 40 DEG C.
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| CN201610010363.2A CN105817459A (en) | 2016-01-08 | 2016-01-08 | Method for treating hazardous waste incineration bottom ash by using plasma technology |
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| CN201610010363.2A CN105817459A (en) | 2016-01-08 | 2016-01-08 | Method for treating hazardous waste incineration bottom ash by using plasma technology |
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| CN107504500A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-22 | 航天环境工程有限公司 | A kind of plasma Incinerating and melting system for handling ashes and clinker and the method using system processing ashes and clinker |
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| CN106765145A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-31 | 光大环境科技（中国）有限公司 | The melting method of flying dust and the flying dust composition for melting |
| CN106824983A (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2017-06-13 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of detoxification of incineration of refuse flyash Zhong bioxin and heavy metal |
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| CN107191943A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-09-22 | 韶关绿然再生资源发展有限公司 | Incineration disposal draff processing method |
| CN107504500A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-22 | 航天环境工程有限公司 | A kind of plasma Incinerating and melting system for handling ashes and clinker and the method using system processing ashes and clinker |
| CN107952786A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-04-24 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | A kind of processing method of solid dangerous waste |
| CN108927398A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-12-04 | 天津大学 | The vitrified method of plasma fusion flying dust based on the adjustment of tri- Phase Proportion of CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 |
| CN110043905A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-07-23 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | A kind of method that additive and vitrifying processing flying ash are used in flying ash vitrifying processing |
| CN110293111A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-10-01 | 江苏天楹环保能源成套设备有限公司 | A method of utilizing solid waste high temperature molten glass system building materials |
| CN110293111B (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2021-09-14 | 江苏天楹环保能源成套设备有限公司 | Method for making building material by using solid waste high-temperature molten glass |
| CN111451244A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-07-28 | 程南南 | Plastic bag hot melting recycling method |
| CN111451244B (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2021-12-03 | 贺州塑友包装材料有限公司 | Plastic bag hot melting recycling method |
| CN111589837A (en) * | 2020-04-12 | 2020-08-28 | 北京锐上思环保科技有限公司 | Reinforced desalting method for water washing pretreatment of fly ash |
| CN112661407A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-16 | 重庆大学 | Glass body preparation method and harmless disposal method of hazardous waste incineration slag and waste incineration fly ash |
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