CN113265767A - Mineral wool production device and method for plasma danger waste ash melting system - Google Patents
Mineral wool production device and method for plasma danger waste ash melting system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113265767A CN113265767A CN202110394035.8A CN202110394035A CN113265767A CN 113265767 A CN113265767 A CN 113265767A CN 202110394035 A CN202110394035 A CN 202110394035A CN 113265767 A CN113265767 A CN 113265767A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- mineral wool
- slag
- cotton
- plasma
- unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/002—Inorganic yarns or filaments
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/04—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by using centrifugal force, e.g. spinning through radial orifices; Construction of the spinner cups therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/06—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by blasting or blowing molten glass, e.g. for making staple fibres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/02—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
- C03C13/06—Mineral fibres, e.g. slag wool, mineral wool, rock wool
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H17/00—Felting apparatus
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/12—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with filaments or yarns secured together by chemical or thermo-activatable bonding agents, e.g. adhesives, applied or incorporated in liquid or solid form
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/02—Induction heating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
Abstract
A mineral wool production device and method for a plasma hazardous waste ash melting system belong to the technical field of mineral wool preparation. Mineral wool apparatus for producing is from the upper reaches to the low reaches including the batching that connects gradually and transporting unit, plasma furnace, cinder surge bin, fibre-forming unit, collection cotton solidification unit and cooling cutting unit, batching and transporting unit are used for transporting fly ash, end sediment and additive to plasma furnace feed inlet, and the magma of plasma furnace discharge gate is discharged outward to cinder surge bin, and the magma carries out magma heat preservation and secondary modulation in cinder surge bin, and the cinder in the cinder surge bin is discharged outward and is got into fibre-forming unit, and fibre-forming unit is used for making the cinder into the fibre, and the fibre subsides in collection cotton solidification unit for make the mineral wool of solidification with the fibre, and the mineral wool after the solidification gets into cooling cutting unit and cools off the cutting. The device and the method have the advantages of reducing the cost of raw materials, saving energy, greatly improving the stability of mineral wool production, improving the process operation adaptability and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mineral wool preparation, in particular to a mineral wool production device and method for a plasma hazardous waste ash melting system.
Background
Ash slag, fly ash and bottom slag are abbreviated, wherein the fly ash is tiny particles discharged along with flue gas in the process of garbage or dangerous waste non-incineration, contains substances such as heavy metal, dioxin and the like, and belongs to dangerous waste; the bottom slag is a burnout material generated in the incineration process of the garbage or the dangerous waste, wherein the burnout material contains heavy metal, and the incineration bottom slag of the dangerous waste is also dangerous waste in nature. Mineral wool is a generic name for cotton-like thermal insulation fibers made of molten rock, slag, glass. The mineral wool comprises: rock wool, slag wool, glass wool, aluminum silicate wool, and the like.
The present common mineral wool preparation process is that raw materials (such as basalt, slag, additives and the like) with certain particle size and coke are fed into a smelting furnace according to a designed mixing proportion to be melted into liquid, the rock wool is a mineral which is made by taking natural ores such as basalt (or diabase) as main raw materials, and products such as rock wool boards, rock wool felts, rock wool pipe shells and the like are made according to different purposes; the slag wool is an inorganic fiber prepared by remelting and fiberizing industrial waste slag such as blast furnace slag, hot melt slag and the like serving as main raw materials, such as blast furnace slag, phosphorite slag, fly ash and the like serving as main raw materials.
Chinese utility model patent with publication number CN 208684772U is an equipment of preparation rock wool, including loading attachment, the loading attachment below is provided with material dispersion device, material dispersion device below is provided with a plurality of heating furnaces, and be used for producing the centrifuge of rock wool, the heating furnace passes through the pipeline and is connected with the homogeneity speed governing stove, the homogeneity speed governing stove is connected with centrifuge, material dispersion device disperses solid material and adds the heating furnace of below according to the speed of setting for, the heating furnace heats solid material and melts into liquid through the reaction of a period of time and keeps warm, the liquid material of a plurality of heating furnaces enters into the homogeneity speed governing stove in turn, after the further homogeneity of homogeneity speed governing stove, enter into centrifuge according to the required input speed of centrifuge and prepare rock wool. The device heating efficiency is high, and technology is arranged rationally, can improve rock wool's production efficiency and quality greatly, has better market value. However, the heating furnace and/or the homogenizing speed regulating furnace are/is provided with a stirring device and a flow regulating device, the structure is complex, and the energy consumption is huge through a common heating furnace.
The most of the existing mineral wool preparation processes are that raw materials (basalt, slag, additives and the like) with certain particle sizes and coke are sent into a smelting furnace according to the designed mixing proportion to be melted into liquid, wherein the smelting furnace mainly comprises a cupola furnace, a tank furnace, an electric melting furnace and the like.
In the above-mentioned various mineral wool preparation kiln equipments and processes, most of the raw material melting for preparing mineral wool is completed in the cupola, and the cupola melting process is as follows: raw materials such as slag, basic rock, limestone or dolomite and fuel (coke) are proportioned according to a set proportion and added into a cupola furnace at one time to be melted and enter a furnace cylinder, but the cupola furnace uses the raw mineral materials such as coke as an important heat source and has large quantity, so that the process adjusting capability is weak; mineral wool production requires raw materials with high stability and uniformity, and the traditional process cannot melt and form fibers for materials with high volatility, such as hazardous waste ash, and in addition, the cupola furnace is not suitable for the raw material project with small quantity of hazardous waste ash.
The tank furnace melting preparation process mainly comprises a flame tank furnace and an electric melting tank furnace, wherein the flame tank furnace mostly uses oil or natural gas as fuel, the equipment investment is large, the occupied area is large, and the melting cost is much higher than that of a cupola furnace. Compared with a flame tank furnace, the electric melting tank furnace has the advantages of good melting quality, small occupied area and the like, but the production cost and the investment cost are greatly increased and the economic benefit is low by using secondary energy as a heat source; as for the resistance furnace melting method, graphite electrodes are mostly adopted in the resistance furnace used in the industrial process for preparing mineral wool, and the resistance furnace melting method is similar to an electric melting tank furnace, so that the problems of high ton production cost and investment cost and low production efficiency in unit area are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved is as follows: aiming at the problems of huge energy consumption, high raw material cost, poor process stability and the like in the traditional mineral wool production process in the prior art, the invention provides the mineral wool production device and the method for the plasma hazardous waste ash melting system, and the mineral wool production device and the method have the advantages of reducing the raw material cost, saving energy, greatly improving the stability of mineral wool production and the process operation adaptability and the like.
The technical scheme is as follows: the utility model provides a mineral wool apparatus for producing for plasma danger waste ash sediment melting system, mineral wool apparatus for producing is from the upper reaches to the low reaches including the batching and transport unit, plasma stove, slag surge bin, fibre-forming unit, collection cotton solidification unit and the cooling cutting unit that connect gradually, batching and transport unit are used for transporting flying ash, end sediment and additive to plasma stove feed inlet, and the magma of plasma stove discharge gate is discharged outward to slag surge bin, and the magma carries out magma heat preservation and secondary modulation in slag surge bin, and the slag in the slag surge bin is discharged outward and is got into fibre-forming unit, and fibre-forming unit is used for making the fibre with the slag, and the fibre subsides in collection cotton solidification unit for make the fibre into solidified mineral wool, the mineral wool after the solidification gets into the cooling cutting unit and cools off the cutting.
Preferably, the cotton collecting and curing unit comprises a cotton collecting machine, a belt conveyer, a pendulum belt, a conveyor, a pleater and a curing oven which are sequentially connected from upstream to downstream, fibers are settled on a mesh belt of the cotton collecting machine to obtain a cotton felt, the cotton felt is pressed into a thin felt through the cotton collecting machine to obtain a primary cotton felt, the primary cotton felt is conveyed to the pendulum belt through the belt conveyer, the pendulum belt repeatedly swings, the primary cotton felt is paved into a multi-layer folded secondary cotton felt on the conveyor, the secondary cotton felt is conveyed to the pleater through the conveyor, the pleater longitudinally compresses the conveyed secondary cotton felt to form a uniform cotton felt and conveys the uniform cotton felt to the curing oven, and the pleated cotton felt is prepressed into the curing oven to obtain the cured mineral wool.
The mineral wool production method for the plasma dangerous waste ash melting system based on the device comprises the following steps:
step one, batching and transferring, namely adding bottom slag, fly ash and an additive into a batching and transferring unit, wherein the additive is calcium-containing ionizedCompound, quartz sand, Al2O3、ZrO2And boric acid, wherein the mass ratio of the bottom slag to the fly ash is (3-5) to 1, the mixed acidity coefficient is 1.6-2.4, the mass ratio of the additive to the mixture of the bottom slag and the fly ash is (0.1-0.3) to 1, and the additive comprises the following components in parts by mass: 30-38 parts of calcium ion-containing compound, 28-33 parts of quartz sand and Al2O325 to 29 portions of ZrO21-5 parts of boric acid and 3-7 parts of boric acid;
step two, plasma melting, wherein the raw materials enter a plasma furnace through a batching and transferring unit to be melted under the action of a direct-current plasma arc and are uniformly and stably stirred under the action of electromagnetism and heat of the arc, and the melting conditions are-50 to-150 pa and 1350-1450 ℃;
step three, heat preservation and secondary modulation are carried out, the melted melt slurry is discharged to a slag buffer bin, the heat preservation and the secondary modulation are completed in the slag buffer bin, the fiber forming viscosity range of the modulated melt is 1-3 Pa.s, and the melting temperature range is 1300-1500 ℃;
step four, forming fibers, wherein the molten slag in the molten slag buffer bin is discharged to enter a fiber forming unit, and the fiber forming unit is used for preparing the molten slag into fibers;
and fifthly, settling the fibers in a cotton collecting and solidifying unit, and making the fibers into solidified mineral wool, wherein the solidified mineral wool enters a cooling and cutting unit for cooling and cutting.
Preferably, in the first step, the calcium ion-containing compound is calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide or calcium carbonate.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the method for preparing the fiber by the slag is at least one of blowing method, centrifugal method and centrifugal blowing method.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the organic binder is added by spraying fine mist particles at multiple points when the molten slag is made into fibers.
Preferably, the organic adhesive is a phenol resin or an epoxy resin.
When in proportioning, because the acidity coefficient of bottom slag in the dangerous waste incineration ash is usually 1.5-5.0; the fly ash is alkaline due to the material property of the fly ash and alkaline materials introduced in the dry deacidification processAnd the acidity coefficient is 0.1-0.3. The mass ratio of the fly ash to the bottom slag is preferably 3:1-5:1, and the acidity coefficient after modulation is 1.6-2.4. The ash feed composition is adjusted to move toward the lower melting point region. Adding 10-30 wt% of additive comprising calcium oxide (substituted by calcium hydroxide or calcium carbonate), quartz sand, and Al2O3、ZrO230-38 parts of calcium oxide, 28-33 parts of quartz sand and Al2O325 to 29 portions of ZrO21-5 parts of boric acid and 3-7 parts of boric acid. The method is beneficial to reducing the melting temperature of the fly ash, reducing the viscosity of the molten slag, promoting the formation of crystal nuclei, strengthening the network structure of the glass, and enhancing the solidification effect of the glass body on heavy metals and the mechanical property of the glass. The molten slurry is discharged to a molten slag buffer bin (pool), heat preservation and secondary modulation are completed in the molten slag buffer bin (pool), whether the secondary modulation process is needed or not is selected according to material components and process requirements, the buffer bin has a heating function, the molten slurry in the buffer bin (pool) is subjected to heat preservation and secondary heating to ensure that the molten slag has good chemical proportion, melting temperature and fiber forming conditions before the fiber forming process, the viscosity range of the formed molten mass is 1-3 Pa.s, and the melting temperature range is 1300-1500 ℃. The buffer bin (pool) can buffer and modulate the fluctuation of the processing amount, components and the like of the raw materials in the plasma furnace, thereby improving the stability and controllability of the process.
Has the advantages that: 1. the invention adopts the hazardous waste incineration ash as the raw material, the raw material is subjected to integral blending and fine compatibility, the system realizes the compatibility and blending in the harmless process of the hazardous waste ash, the economy is greatly improved, and the system has the capability of flexibly blending the component formula and can adapt to the fluctuation of the ash raw material. According to the invention, through raw material compatibility (multiple processes and combination of coarse and fine processing), plasma melting and buffer modulation, the controllable dimensionality of the process is improved, the fluctuation (including components and yield) of the material is buffered, and the stability and process operation adaptability of mineral wool production are greatly improved compared with the traditional cupola furnace and the like.
2. Two major costs in mineral wool production are raw material cost and energy cost, in the melting process of the dangerous waste ash slag, because of the component proportion of the dangerous waste bottom slag and the fly ash, the essential component requirements of mineral wool production are basically met, the mineral wool has proper melting temperature and acidity coefficient, and then only a proper amount of additives are needed to be added to complete fine blending (factors such as fluidity, fiber forming characteristics and the like) according to needs, so that the raw material cost is greatly saved.
3. In the plasma melting furnace, the materials with good compatibility are heated and melted under the action of direct current arc plasma, and the operation efficiency of the melting furnace is greatly improved and the yield of unit space is greatly improved due to the high enthalpy value and energy density of the plasma; meanwhile, the direct current arc plasma forms stronger electromagnetic stirring and thermal stirring effects, so that the uniformity of molten slag in the melting and reaction processes is improved, and the reaction efficiency is further improved. In the melting process of the invention, a plasma arc is used as a melting heat load carrier, the arc is in direct contact with molten slurry, and a plasma torch is used as a heating heat source in the traditional plasma melting process, so that two problems are caused.
In conclusion, the fly ash generated by burning the household garbage and the fly ash and the bottom slag generated by burning the hazardous waste belong to the category of the hazardous waste, and the fly ash and the bottom slag can be innocently reduced and recycled through the plasma melting technology. After the dangerous waste fly ash and the bottom slag are heated and melted in the plasma melting furnace and vitrified, the glass body needs to be discharged from the furnace and is transferred or recycled, and the preparation of the molten glass body into mineral wool is one of the main means for recycling the dangerous waste ash slag.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a mineral wool production device for a plasma hazardous waste ash melting system according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of the mineral wool production method for the plasma hazardous waste ash melting system according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is SiO2-CaO-Al2O3A ternary phase diagram;
the numerical designations in the drawings represent the following: 1. a batching and transferring unit; 11. fly ash; 12. bottom slag; 13. an additive; 2. a plasma furnace; 3. a slag buffer bin; 4. a fiber forming unit; 5. a cotton collecting and solidifying unit; 6. and cooling the cutting unit.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
A mineral wool production device for a plasma danger waste slag melting system comprises a batching and transferring unit 1, a plasma furnace 2 (a plasma danger waste slag melting furnace), a slag buffer bin 3, a fiber forming unit 4, a cotton collecting and solidifying unit 5 and a cooling and cutting unit 6 which are connected in sequence from upstream to downstream, the batching and transferring unit 1 is used for transferring the fly ash 11, the bottom slag 12 and the additive 13 to a feeding hole of the plasma furnace 2, discharging the molten slurry at a discharging hole of the plasma furnace 2 to a molten slag buffer bin 3, carrying out molten slurry heat preservation and secondary modulation on the molten slurry in the molten slag buffer bin 3, discharging the molten slag in the molten slag buffer bin 3 to enter a fiber forming unit 4, the fiber forming unit 4 is used for preparing the molten slag into fibers, the fibers are settled in a cotton collecting and solidifying unit 5, for making the fibre into solidified mineral wool, which enters a cooling and cutting unit 6 for cooling and cutting.
The cotton collecting and curing unit 5 comprises a cotton collecting machine, a belt crossing machine, a pendulum belt, a conveyor, a pleater and a curing oven which are sequentially connected from the upstream to the downstream, fibers are settled on a mesh belt of the cotton collecting machine to obtain cotton felts, the cotton felts are pressed into thin felts through the cotton collecting machine to obtain primary cotton felts, the primary cotton felts are conveyed to the pendulum belt through the belt crossing machine, the pendulum belt repeatedly swings, the primary cotton felts are paved into multi-layer folded secondary cotton felts on the conveyor, the secondary cotton felts are conveyed to the pleater through the conveyor, the secondary cotton felts conveyed by the pleater are longitudinally compressed to form even cotton felts and are conveyed to the curing oven, and the pleated cotton felts enter the curing oven through prepressing to obtain cured mineral cotton.
Based on the mineral wool production method of the device for the plasma dangerous waste ash melting system, referring to fig. 2, the steps are as follows:
step one, batching and transferring, wherein the raw material compatibility process is as follows: the compatibility process comprises integral blending and fine blending. The main function of the whole blending is to utilize the proportion of the hazardous waste incineration bottom slag 12 and the fly ash 11 to ensure that the mineral wool furnace entering raw material has an indicated acidity coefficient. In the preparation process of raw materials, the acidity coefficient is an important comprehensive parameter for representing the high-temperature viscosity, the fiber forming performance, the solubility and the water resistance of mineral wool melt, and the acidity coefficient is higher, and the chemical stability of the mineral wool is better. However, at a certain temperature, when the acidity coefficient exceeds a certain range, the melt viscosity is increased sharply, fiber forming is difficult, the fiber diameter is increased, and the quality is reduced. Therefore, only within certain limits, the higher the acidity index, the better. In the dangerous waste incineration ash, the bottom slag 12 contains high acid components such as silicon dioxide, and the acidity coefficient is usually 3; the fly ash 11 incinerated by the hazardous waste is slightly alkaline due to the material property of the fly ash and alkaline materials introduced in the processes of dry deacidification and the like, and the acidity coefficient is 0.15. By the ratio of fly ash 11 and bottom ash 12, bottom ash is generally preferred: the mass ratio range of the fly ash is 3:1, and the acidity coefficient after modulation is 1.7. The entire blending process is completed before entering the plasma furnace 2.
The aim of fine blending is to add 13 wt.% of additive (wherein the ratio of the total additive amount to the mass of the integrally blended ash is 13%) (wherein the blending of mineral wool is completed in the framework of ash blending ratio so as to have proper melting temperature, fluidity and fiber forming characteristics2-CaO-Al2O3Analysis of ternary phase diagram (as shown in figure 3), SiO in the original dangerous waste ash2、CaO、Al2O3The melting point of the phase of the three components is high (usually more than 1500 ℃), and the composition of the ash raw material is adjusted to be towards the direction of red arrowThe low melting point region of (2) moves. The additive 13 is calcium oxide (substituted by calcium hydroxide or calcium carbonate), quartz sand, or Al2O3、ZrO2And boric acid, wherein the calcium oxide accounts for 35 parts, the quartz sand accounts for 31 parts, and Al2O327 parts of ZrO 23 parts of fly ash and 5 parts of boric acid, wherein the additive 13 is beneficial to reducing the melting temperature of the fly ash 11, reducing the viscosity of molten slag, promoting the formation of crystal nucleus, strengthening the network structure of glass and enhancing the solidification effect of glass body on heavy metal and the mechanical property of glass. Whether the fine blending process is needed or not and the blending process is selected according to the components of the raw materials, and the fine blending process can be finished before entering the plasma furnace 2 or in a buffer bin after exiting the plasma furnace. After the batching is finished, adding the bottom slag 12, the fly ash 11 and the additive 13 into the batching and transferring unit 1;
step two, a plasma melting process, wherein the raw materials subjected to the compatibility process enter a plasma furnace 2 through a batching and transferring unit 1, are melted under the action of direct-current plasma electric arc, are uniformly and stably stirred under the action of electromagnetism and heat of the electric arc, and complete the melting reaction of the first step to meet the requirements of the primary formula components for mineral wool preparation, wherein the melting conditions are-50 to-150 pa and 1350-1450 ℃; it should be noted that, in the melting process of the present invention, the plasma arc is used as the melting heat load carrier, and the arc is in direct contact with the molten slurry, whereas the conventional plasma melting process uses the plasma torch as the heating heat source, which causes two problems, firstly, the electrode of the plasma torch needs to be cooled by water, which brings about 30% -50% of additional cooling heat loss compared with the present invention, and on the other hand, the heating form of the plasma torch is surface heating, which has low thermal efficiency and slow heat transfer rate, and the present invention solves the two technical defects at one time.
And step three, buffering, heat preservation and secondary modulation, wherein the molten slurry in the plasma furnace 2 which preliminarily meets the formula requirement is discharged to a molten slag buffer bin 3 (pool), the heat preservation and the secondary modulation are completed in the molten slag buffer bin 3 (pool), whether the secondary modulation process is needed or not is selected according to the material components and the process requirement, the molten slag buffer bin 3 has a heating function, the molten slurry in the buffer bin 3 (pool) is subjected to heat preservation and secondary heating, so that the molten slag has good chemical proportion, melting temperature and fiber forming conditions before the fiber forming process is ensured, the fiber forming viscosity range of the modulated melt is 1-3 Pa.s, and the melting temperature range is 1300-1500 ℃. In addition, the buffer bin (pool) can buffer and modulate the fluctuation of the processing amount, components and the like of the raw materials in the plasma furnace 2, thereby improving the stability and controllability of the process.
And step four, a fiber forming link, wherein the slag in the buffer bin is discharged to enter a fiber forming process link, and the fiber forming unit 4 is used for preparing the slag into fibers. In the process, the processes for preparing the fibers from the slag melt include blowing, centrifuging, centrifugal blowing and the like and combinations thereof, and in the embodiment, centrifuging, blowing and combinations thereof are selected. The blowing method is that high-speed airflow is used for blowing off the melt stream flowing out from the material flow opening and drawing the melt stream into fibers; the melt flows into a disc plane rotating at high speed by a centrifugal method, and is dispersed and drawn into fibers under the action of centrifugal force; the centrifugal blowing method is that the melt flows into a rotating bowl-type disk surface, the disk surface rotates at high speed, an annular nozzle is arranged on the outer ring of the disk surface, and the melt is dispersed by centrifugal force and then is sprayed into fibers by high-speed airflow sprayed from the nozzle.
In addition, in the fiber forming process, 5 wt.% (wherein the proportion is the ratio of the mass of the binder to the total mass of the melt for fiber forming) organic binder and phenolic resin (epoxy resin can be used for substitution) can be selectively added according to the process requirements and raw material components, the process preferably adopts fine mist particle multi-point spraying (the resin forms fine mist particles through an injector, the particle size ranges from 3 to 25 micrometers, the spraying openings adopt multi-point spraying, the form of the multi-point spraying can be a row line type or an array type, and the number of the feeding points of each resin feeding unit is 5 to 30) to uniformly apply the binder to the surface of the fiber.
And step five, collecting cotton, solidifying, cooling and cutting, feeding the fiber formed by the fiber forming process link into a cotton collecting and solidifying unit 5, depositing the fiber on a mesh belt of a cotton collecting machine to obtain a cotton felt, pressurizing the cotton felt into a thin felt by an outlet press roller at the upper part of the cotton collecting machine to obtain a primary cotton felt, conveying the primary cotton felt to a pendulum belt by a transfer belt conveyor, repeatedly swinging the pendulum belt, and paving the primary cotton felt on a conveyor into a multi-layer folded secondary cotton felt. And the secondary cotton felt is conveyed to a pleating machine through a conveyor, and the pleating machine longitudinally compresses the conveyed secondary cotton felt to form uniform cotton felt and conveys the uniform cotton felt to a curing oven.
And (3) curing: the pleated cotton felt enters a curing furnace through prepressing, a felt layer is pressurized by an upper chain plate and a lower chain plate in the curing furnace, hot air is blown in at the same time (the temperature of the hot air is controlled at 200-300 ℃), and the hot air is forced to penetrate through the felt layer for curing, so that the mineral cotton product with certain thickness and volume weight is formed.
Cooling and cutting: the solidified mineral wool enters a cooling and cutting unit 6, a cutting section in the cooling and cutting unit 6 is provided with a cutting saw, the distance can be adjusted according to the product specification, and the cut finished product enters a packaging production line for automatic packaging.
Example 2
The mineral wool production device comprises a batching and transferring unit 1, a plasma furnace 2, a slag buffer bin 3, a fiber forming unit 4, a cotton collecting and solidifying unit 5 and a cooling and cutting unit 6 which are sequentially connected from upstream to downstream, wherein the batching and transferring unit 1 is used for transferring fly ash 11, bottom slag 12 and an additive 13 to a feed inlet of the plasma furnace 2, molten slurry at a discharge port of the plasma furnace 2 is discharged to the slag buffer bin 3, the molten slurry is subjected to molten slurry heat preservation and secondary modulation in the slag buffer bin 3, molten slag in the slag buffer bin 3 is discharged to the fiber forming unit 4, the fiber is settled to the cotton collecting and solidifying unit 5 and used for making the fiber into solidified mineral wool, and the solidified mineral wool is cooled and cut in the cooling and cutting unit 6. The cotton collecting and curing unit 5 comprises a cotton collecting machine, a belt crossing machine, a pendulum belt, a conveyor, a pleater and a curing oven which are sequentially connected from the upstream to the downstream, fibers are settled on a mesh belt of the cotton collecting machine to obtain cotton felts, the cotton felts are pressed into thin felts through the cotton collecting machine to obtain primary cotton felts, the primary cotton felts are conveyed to the pendulum belt through the belt crossing machine, the pendulum belt repeatedly swings, the primary cotton felts are paved into multi-layer folded secondary cotton felts on the conveyor, the secondary cotton felts are conveyed to the pleater through the conveyor, the secondary cotton felts conveyed by the pleater are longitudinally compressed to form even cotton felts and are conveyed to the curing oven, and the pleated cotton felts enter the curing oven through prepressing to obtain cured mineral cotton.
The mineral wool production method for the plasma dangerous waste ash melting system based on the device comprises the following steps:
step one, batching and transferring, wherein bottom slag 12, fly ash 11 and additive 13 are sequentially added into batching and transferring unit 1, and additive 13 is calcium ion-containing compound, quartz sand and Al2O3、ZrO2And boric acid, wherein the mass ratio of the bottom slag 12 to the fly ash 11 is 3:1, the mixed acidity coefficient is 1.6, the mass ratio of the additive 13 to the mixture of the bottom slag 12 and the fly ash 11 is 0.1:1, and the additive 13 comprises the following components in parts by mass: 30 parts of calcium ion-containing compound, 28 parts of quartz sand and Al2O325 parts of ZrO 21 part and 3 parts of boric acid, wherein the calcium ion-containing compound is calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide or calcium carbonate;
step two, plasma melting, wherein the raw materials enter a plasma furnace 2 through a batching and transferring unit 1 to be melted under the action of a direct-current plasma arc and are uniformly and stably stirred under the action of electromagnetism and heat of the arc, and the melting conditions are-50 to-150 pa and 1350-1450 ℃;
step three, heat preservation and secondary modulation are carried out, the melted melt slurry is discharged to a slag buffer bin 3, the heat preservation and the secondary modulation are completed in the slag buffer bin 3, the fiber forming viscosity range of the modulated melt is 1-3 Pa.s, and the melting temperature range is 1300-1500 ℃;
step four, forming fibers, namely discharging the slag in the slag buffer bin 3 to enter a fiber forming unit 4, wherein the fiber forming unit 4 is used for preparing the slag into fibers, the method for preparing the slag into the fibers is at least one of a blowing method, a centrifugal method and a centrifugal blowing method, the blowing method is adopted in the embodiment, when the slag is prepared into the fibers, an organic adhesive is added in a fine-fog-particle multipoint spraying manner, and the organic adhesive is phenolic resin in the embodiment;
and step five, settling the fibers in a cotton collecting and solidifying unit 5, and making the fibers into solidified mineral wool, wherein the solidified mineral wool enters a cooling and cutting unit 6 for cooling and cutting.
Example 3
The mineral wool production device comprises a batching and transferring unit 1, a plasma furnace 2, a slag buffer bin 3, a fiber forming unit 4, a cotton collecting and solidifying unit 5 and a cooling and cutting unit 6 which are sequentially connected from upstream to downstream, wherein the batching and transferring unit 1 is used for transferring fly ash 11, bottom slag 12 and an additive 13 to a feed inlet of the plasma furnace 2, molten slurry at a discharge port of the plasma furnace 2 is discharged to the slag buffer bin 3, the molten slurry is subjected to molten slurry heat preservation and secondary modulation in the slag buffer bin 3, molten slag in the slag buffer bin 3 is discharged to the fiber forming unit 4, the fiber is settled to the cotton collecting and solidifying unit 5 and used for making the fiber into solidified mineral wool, and the solidified mineral wool is cooled and cut in the cooling and cutting unit 6. The cotton collecting and curing unit 5 comprises a cotton collecting machine, a belt crossing machine, a pendulum belt, a conveyor, a pleater and a curing oven which are sequentially connected from the upstream to the downstream, fibers are settled on a mesh belt of the cotton collecting machine to obtain cotton felts, the cotton felts are pressed into thin felts through the cotton collecting machine to obtain primary cotton felts, the primary cotton felts are conveyed to the pendulum belt through the belt crossing machine, the pendulum belt repeatedly swings, the primary cotton felts are paved into multi-layer folded secondary cotton felts on the conveyor, the secondary cotton felts are conveyed to the pleater through the conveyor, the secondary cotton felts conveyed by the pleater are longitudinally compressed to form even cotton felts and are conveyed to the curing oven, and the pleated cotton felts enter the curing oven through prepressing to obtain cured mineral cotton.
The mineral wool production method for the plasma dangerous waste ash melting system based on the device comprises the following steps:
step one, batching and transferring, wherein bottom slag 12, fly ash 11 and additive 13 are added into batching and transferring unit 1, and additive 13 is calcium ion-containing compound, quartz sand and Al2O3、ZrO2And boric acid, wherein the mass ratio of the bottom slag 12 to the fly ash 11 is 5:1, the mixed acidity coefficient is 2.4, the mass ratio of the additive 13 to the mixture of the bottom slag 12 and the fly ash 11 is 0.3:1, and the additive 13 comprises the following components in parts by mass: 38 portions of calcium ion-containing compound, 33 portions of quartz sand and Al2O329 parts of ZrO 25 parts of calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide or calcium carbonate and 7 parts of boric acid;
step two, plasma melting, wherein the raw materials enter a plasma furnace 2 through a batching and transferring unit 1 to be melted under the action of a direct-current plasma arc and are uniformly and stably stirred under the action of electromagnetism and heat of the arc, and the melting conditions are-50 to-150 pa and 1350-1450 ℃;
step three, heat preservation and secondary modulation are carried out, the melted melt slurry is discharged to a slag buffer bin 3, the heat preservation and the secondary modulation are completed in the slag buffer bin 3, the fiber forming viscosity range of the modulated melt is 1-3 Pa.s, and the melting temperature range is 1300-1500 ℃;
step four, forming fibers, namely discharging the slag in the slag buffer bin 3 to enter a fiber forming unit 4, wherein the fiber forming unit 4 is used for preparing the slag into fibers, the method for preparing the slag into the fibers is at least one of a blowing method, a centrifugal method and a centrifugal blowing method, the embodiment is the centrifugal method, when the slag is prepared into the fibers, an organic adhesive is added in a fine-fog-particle multi-point spraying manner, and the organic adhesive is epoxy resin;
and step five, settling the fibers in a cotton collecting and solidifying unit 5, and making the fibers into solidified mineral wool, wherein the solidified mineral wool enters a cooling and cutting unit 6 for cooling and cutting.
Claims (7)
1. The mineral wool production device is characterized by comprising a batching and transferring unit, a plasma furnace, a slag buffer bin, a fiber forming unit, a cotton collecting and solidifying unit and a cooling and cutting unit which are sequentially connected from upstream to downstream, wherein the batching and transferring unit is used for transferring fly ash, bottom slag and additives to a feed inlet of the plasma furnace, molten slurry at a discharge outlet of the plasma furnace is discharged to the slag buffer bin, the molten slurry is subjected to molten slurry heat preservation and secondary modulation in the slag buffer bin, molten slag in the slag buffer bin is discharged to the fiber forming unit, the fiber forming unit is used for making molten slag into fibers, the fibers are settled in the cotton collecting and solidifying unit and are used for making the fibers into solidified mineral wool, and the solidified mineral wool is cooled and cut in the cooling and cutting unit.
2. The mineral wool production device for the plasma dangerous waste ash melting system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cotton collection and solidification unit comprises a cotton collection machine, a belt conveyer, a pendulum belt, a conveyor, a pleater and a solidification furnace which are sequentially connected from upstream to downstream, fibers are settled on a mesh belt of the cotton collection machine to obtain a cotton felt, the cotton felt is pressed into a thin felt through the cotton collection machine to obtain a primary cotton felt, the primary cotton felt is conveyed to the pendulum belt through the belt conveyer, the pendulum belt swings repeatedly to lay the primary cotton felt on the conveyor into a plurality of layers of folded secondary cotton felts, the secondary cotton felts are conveyed to the pleater through the conveyor, the pleater longitudinally compresses the conveyed secondary cotton felts to form uniform cotton felts and conveys the uniform cotton felts to the solidification furnace, and the pleated cotton felts enter the solidification furnace through prepressing to obtain solidified mineral wool.
3. The mineral wool production method for the plasma dangerous waste ash slag melting system based on the device of claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, material preparation and transportation, wherein bottom slag, fly ash and additives are sequentially added into a material preparation and transportation unit, and the additives are calcium ion-containing compounds, quartz sand and Al2O3、ZrO2And boric acid, wherein the mass ratio of the bottom slag to the fly ash is (3-5) to 1, the mixed acidity coefficient is 1.6-2.4, the mass ratio of the additive to the mixture of the bottom slag and the fly ash is (0.1-0.3) to 1, and the additive comprises the following components in parts by mass: 30-38 parts of calcium ion-containing compound, 28-33 parts of quartz sand and Al2O325 to 29 portions of ZrO21-5 parts of boric acid and 3-7 parts of boric acid;
step two, plasma melting, wherein the raw materials enter a plasma furnace through a batching and transferring unit to be melted under the action of a direct-current plasma arc and are uniformly and stably stirred under the action of electromagnetism and heat of the arc, and the melting conditions are-50 to-150 pa and 1350-1450 ℃;
step three, heat preservation and secondary modulation are carried out, the melted melt slurry is discharged to a slag buffer bin, the heat preservation and the secondary modulation are completed in the slag buffer bin, the fiber forming viscosity range of the modulated melt is 1-3 Pa.s, and the melting temperature range is 1300-1500 ℃;
step four, forming fibers, wherein the molten slag in the molten slag buffer bin is discharged to enter a fiber forming unit, and the fiber forming unit is used for preparing the molten slag into fibers;
and fifthly, settling the fibers in a cotton collecting and solidifying unit, and making the fibers into solidified mineral wool, wherein the solidified mineral wool enters a cooling and cutting unit for cooling and cutting.
4. The method for producing mineral wool for a plasma risk waste ash melting system according to claim 3, wherein the calcium ion compound in the first step is calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide or calcium carbonate.
5. The method for producing mineral wool for a plasma risk waste ash melting system according to the claim 3, wherein in the fourth step, the method for making the molten slag into fiber is at least one of blowing method, centrifugal method and centrifugal blowing method.
6. The method for producing mineral wool for a plasma risk waste ash melting system according to the claim 3, wherein in the fourth step, the organic binder is added in a mode of fine-particle multi-point injection when the molten slag is made into fibers.
7. The method for producing mineral wool for a plasma hazardous waste ash melting system according to claim 6, wherein the organic binder is phenolic resin or epoxy resin.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110394035.8A CN113265767A (en) | 2021-04-13 | 2021-04-13 | Mineral wool production device and method for plasma danger waste ash melting system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110394035.8A CN113265767A (en) | 2021-04-13 | 2021-04-13 | Mineral wool production device and method for plasma danger waste ash melting system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113265767A true CN113265767A (en) | 2021-08-17 |
Family
ID=77228744
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110394035.8A Pending CN113265767A (en) | 2021-04-13 | 2021-04-13 | Mineral wool production device and method for plasma danger waste ash melting system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113265767A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111499129A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-08-07 | 杨绪涛 | Method for producing rock wool through gasification, fusion and power generation of industrial activated sludge |
| CN114535247A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-05-27 | 光大环保技术研究院（深圳）有限公司 | Hazardous waste incineration ash and slag cooperative plasma melting and recycling system and method |
| US20220212295A1 (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2022-07-07 | Alfa Laval Corporate Ab | Method for joining metal parts |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2949791A1 (en) * | 2009-09-09 | 2011-03-11 | Arkema France | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING PRE-IMPREGNATED FIBROUS MATERIAL OF THERMOPLASTIC POLYMER |
| CN102180593A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-09-14 | 美国绿色能源发展有限公司 | Method for producing mineral wool from solid waste by using plasma gasification furnace |
| CN105439439A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-03-30 | 山东阳光岩棉科技有限公司 | Preparation method of rock wool heat preservation material |
| CN106765145A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-31 | 光大环境科技（中国）有限公司 | The melting method of flying dust and the flying dust composition for melting |
| CN110142278A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-08-20 | 光大环保技术装备（常州）有限公司 | A kind of method of incineration of refuse flyash plasma melting |
| CN110482870A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-11-22 | 湖南科技学院 | A kind of rock wool and preparation method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-04-13 CN CN202110394035.8A patent/CN113265767A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2949791A1 (en) * | 2009-09-09 | 2011-03-11 | Arkema France | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING PRE-IMPREGNATED FIBROUS MATERIAL OF THERMOPLASTIC POLYMER |
| CN102180593A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-09-14 | 美国绿色能源发展有限公司 | Method for producing mineral wool from solid waste by using plasma gasification furnace |
| CN105439439A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-03-30 | 山东阳光岩棉科技有限公司 | Preparation method of rock wool heat preservation material |
| CN106765145A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-31 | 光大环境科技（中国）有限公司 | The melting method of flying dust and the flying dust composition for melting |
| CN110142278A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-08-20 | 光大环保技术装备（常州）有限公司 | A kind of method of incineration of refuse flyash plasma melting |
| CN110482870A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-11-22 | 湖南科技学院 | A kind of rock wool and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20220212295A1 (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2022-07-07 | Alfa Laval Corporate Ab | Method for joining metal parts |
| US11738414B2 (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2023-08-29 | Alfa Laval Corporate Ab | Method for joining metal parts |
| CN111499129A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-08-07 | 杨绪涛 | Method for producing rock wool through gasification, fusion and power generation of industrial activated sludge |
| CN114535247A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-05-27 | 光大环保技术研究院（深圳）有限公司 | Hazardous waste incineration ash and slag cooperative plasma melting and recycling system and method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN113265767A (en) | Mineral wool production device and method for plasma danger waste ash melting system | |
| EP2265553B1 (en) | Process and apparatus for making a mineral melt | |
| CN107555777B (en) | Utilize the process of red mud production inorfil | |
| CN101289274B (en) | Process for preparing inorfil by using iron blast-furnace slag and fly ash | |
| CN104726711A (en) | Technique for coproducing nickel pig iron and rock wool product from lateritic nickel ores | |
| CN104870381A (en) | Process and apparatus for forming man-made vitreous fibres | |
| CN108178502B (en) | Method for producing mineral wool and molten iron by using low-iron metallurgical waste and blast furnace slag | |
| CN104918893A (en) | Process and apparatus for forming man-made vitreous fibres | |
| CN104854040A (en) | Process and apparatus for forming man-made vitreous fibres | |
| CN108455866A (en) | A kind of equipment and preparation method thereof preparing rock wool | |
| WO2012028643A1 (en) | A method and an apparatus for making a mineral melt | |
| EP2788294B1 (en) | A method for recycling material when making a mineral melt | |
| CN101913760A (en) | Continuous production method of cotton fiber heat-insulating material by using molten yellow phosphorus slag | |
| CN102515499B (en) | Mineral wool, its manufacture method and its preparation system | |
| CN108455865A (en) | A kind of disposal of resources method and apparatus of garbage flying ash | |
| JP2015003842A (en) | Manufacturing method and manufacturing facility for rock wool | |
| CN103820881A (en) | Method for preparing ceramic fibers from high-aluminum fly ash | |
| CN109160743A (en) | A kind of high-strength refractory rock wool and preparation method | |
| CN208684772U (en) | A kind of equipment preparing rock wool | |
| CN208218651U (en) | A kind of thermal power plant's cooperative disposal coal ash for manufacturing is for glass fiber system | |
| CN114426395A (en) | Process method for producing mineral wool by using blast furnace slag | |
| CN115298144A (en) | Method for producing artificial vitreous fiber | |
| CN103189320A (en) | An apparatus and method for making a mineral melt | |
| CN218403988U (en) | System for preparing inorganic fiber board by utilizing gasified slag | |
| CN115279703A (en) | Method for producing artificial vitreous fiber |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20210817 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |