CN101801978A - 用于吗啡生物碱和托烷生物碱的n-脱甲基化/n-酰化的一锅法 - Google Patents
用于吗啡生物碱和托烷生物碱的n-脱甲基化/n-酰化的一锅法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101801978A CN101801978A CN200880022806A CN200880022806A CN101801978A CN 101801978 A CN101801978 A CN 101801978A CN 200880022806 A CN200880022806 A CN 200880022806A CN 200880022806 A CN200880022806 A CN 200880022806A CN 101801978 A CN101801978 A CN 101801978A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- anhydride
- carbonic
- acid anhydride
- morphine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- BQJCRHHNABKAKU-KBQPJGBKSA-N morphine Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@H](C=C[C@H]23)O)C4=C5[C@@]12CCN(C)[C@@H]3CC5=CC=C4O BQJCRHHNABKAKU-KBQPJGBKSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000010520 demethylation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229930013053 morphinan alkaloid Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 229930004668 tropane alkaloid Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 150000003813 tropane derivatives Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 229960005181 morphine Drugs 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000005580 one pot reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 230000006181 N-acylation Effects 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 72
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
- LLPOLZWFYMWNKH-CMKMFDCUSA-N hydrocodone Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@H](N(CC[C@@]112)C)C3)CC(=O)[C@@H]1OC1=C2C3=CC=C1OC LLPOLZWFYMWNKH-CMKMFDCUSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 27
- -1 14-hydroxycodeine ketone Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 229960000240 hydrocodone Drugs 0.000 claims description 20
- OROGSEYTTFOCAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrocodone Natural products C1C(N(CCC234)C)C2C=CC(O)C3OC2=C4C1=CC=C2OC OROGSEYTTFOCAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- XYYVYLMBEZUESM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydrocodeine Natural products C1C(N(CCC234)C)C2C=CC(=O)C3OC2=C4C1=CC=C2OC XYYVYLMBEZUESM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- LLPOLZWFYMWNKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-dihydrocodeinone Natural products C1C(N(CCC234)C)C2CCC(=O)C3OC2=C4C1=CC=C2OC LLPOLZWFYMWNKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 101150003085 Pdcl gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 13
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 11
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- STECJAGHUSJQJN-USLFZFAMSA-N LSM-4015 Chemical compound C1([C@@H](CO)C(=O)OC2C[C@@H]3N([C@H](C2)[C@@H]2[C@H]3O2)C)=CC=CC=C1 STECJAGHUSJQJN-USLFZFAMSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QQXLDOJGLXJCSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylnortropinone Natural products C1C(=O)CC2CCC1N2C QQXLDOJGLXJCSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UQCNKQCJZOAFTQ-ISWURRPUSA-N Oxymorphone Chemical compound O([C@H]1C(CC[C@]23O)=O)C4=C5[C@@]12CCN(C)[C@@H]3CC5=CC=C4O UQCNKQCJZOAFTQ-ISWURRPUSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZPUCINDJVBIVPJ-LJISPDSOSA-N cocaine Chemical compound O([C@H]1C[C@@H]2CC[C@@H](N2C)[C@H]1C(=O)OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZPUCINDJVBIVPJ-LJISPDSOSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- QQXLDOJGLXJCSE-KNVOCYPGSA-N tropinone Chemical compound C1C(=O)C[C@H]2CC[C@@H]1N2C QQXLDOJGLXJCSE-KNVOCYPGSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BRUQQQPBMZOVGD-XFKAJCMBSA-N Oxycodone Chemical compound O=C([C@@H]1O2)CC[C@@]3(O)[C@H]4CC5=CC=C(OC)C2=C5[C@@]13CCN4C BRUQQQPBMZOVGD-XFKAJCMBSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- OROGSEYTTFOCAN-DNJOTXNNSA-N codeine Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@H](N(CC[C@@]112)C)C3)=C[C@H](O)[C@@H]1OC1=C2C3=CC=C1OC OROGSEYTTFOCAN-DNJOTXNNSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- HTWWKYKIBSHDPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoyl decanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC HTWWKYKIBSHDPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NKAALORGDRIHOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylcarbamoyl n,n-diphenylcarbamate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)OC(=O)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NKAALORGDRIHOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NWADXBLMWHFGGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic anhydride Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC NWADXBLMWHFGGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- LSACYLWPPQLVSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyric acid anhydride Chemical compound CC(C)C(=O)OC(=O)C(C)C LSACYLWPPQLVSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OJURWUUOVGOHJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-[(2-acetyloxyphenyl)methyl-[2-[(2-acetyloxyphenyl)methyl-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]acetate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(OC(C)=O)C=1CN(CC(=O)OC)CCN(CC(=O)OC)CC1=CC=CC=C1OC(C)=O OJURWUUOVGOHJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960002085 oxycodone Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- JKDRQYIYVJVOPF-FDGPNNRMSA-L palladium(ii) acetylacetonate Chemical compound [Pd+2].C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O.C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O JKDRQYIYVJVOPF-FDGPNNRMSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- XLRPYZSEQKXZAA-OCAPTIKFSA-N tropane Chemical compound C1CC[C@H]2CC[C@@H]1N2C XLRPYZSEQKXZAA-OCAPTIKFSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930004006 tropane Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- QWUWMCYKGHVNAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dihydrostilbene Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1CCC1=CC=CC=C1 QWUWMCYKGHVNAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YPZPXTZKBNWUTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 14beta-Hydroxy-codein Natural products O1C2C(O)C=CC3(O)C4CC5=CC=C(OC)C1=C5C23CCN4C YPZPXTZKBNWUTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XQJMXPAEFMWDOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3exo-benzoyloxy-tropane Natural products CN1C(C2)CCC1CC2OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XQJMXPAEFMWDOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erythritol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QIZDQFOVGFDBKW-DHBOJHSNSA-N Pseudotropine Natural products OC1C[C@@H]2[N+](C)[C@H](C1)CC2 QIZDQFOVGFDBKW-DHBOJHSNSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960004424 carbon dioxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960003920 cocaine Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960004126 codeine Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- FFYPMLJYZAEMQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl pyrocarbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC(=O)OCC FFYPMLJYZAEMQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N erythritol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 3
- WVLOADHCBXTIJK-YNHQPCIGSA-N hydromorphone Chemical compound O([C@H]1C(CC[C@H]23)=O)C4=C5[C@@]12CCN(C)[C@@H]3CC5=CC=C4O WVLOADHCBXTIJK-YNHQPCIGSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960001410 hydromorphone Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- FQXXSQDCDRQNQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N markiertes Thebain Natural products COC1=CC=C2C(N(CC3)C)CC4=CC=C(OC)C5=C4C23C1O5 FQXXSQDCDRQNQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960005118 oxymorphone Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- RLZZZVKAURTHCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene-3,4-diol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=C(O)C(O)=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 RLZZZVKAURTHCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XVSSGIXTKVRGAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enoxycarbonyl prop-2-enyl carbonate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)OC(=O)OCC=C XVSSGIXTKVRGAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001973 tert-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- FQXXSQDCDRQNQE-VMDGZTHMSA-N thebaine Chemical compound C([C@@H](N(CC1)C)C2=CC=C3OC)C4=CC=C(OC)C5=C4[C@@]21[C@H]3O5 FQXXSQDCDRQNQE-VMDGZTHMSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930003945 thebaine Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- CYHOMWAPJJPNMW-JIGDXULJSA-N tropine Chemical compound C1[C@@H](O)C[C@H]2CC[C@@H]1N2C CYHOMWAPJJPNMW-JIGDXULJSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZKLXUUYLEHCAMF-UUWFMWQGSA-N Oripavine Chemical compound C([C@@H](N(CC1)C)C2=CC=C3OC)C4=CC=C(O)C5=C4[C@@]21[C@H]3O5 ZKLXUUYLEHCAMF-UUWFMWQGSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZKLXUUYLEHCAMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oripavine Natural products COC1=CC=C2C(N(CC3)C)CC4=CC=C(O)C5=C4C23C1O5 ZKLXUUYLEHCAMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004651 carbonic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005917 acylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- DYHSDKLCOJIUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butoxycarbonyl anhydride Chemical class CC(C)(C)OC(=O)OC(=O)OC(C)(C)C DYHSDKLCOJIUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000002330 electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 7
- SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000005557 antagonist Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- RUPUUZZJJXCDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-6-methoxy-2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-1h-isoquinolin-7-ol Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC(CC2C3=CC(O)=C(OC)C=C3CCN2C)=C1 RUPUUZZJJXCDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930013930 alkaloid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000003797 alkaloid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 230000017858 demethylation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- UZHSEJADLWPNLE-GRGSLBFTSA-N naloxone Chemical group O=C([C@@H]1O2)CC[C@@]3(O)[C@H]4CC5=CC=C(O)C2=C5[C@@]13CCN4CC=C UZHSEJADLWPNLE-GRGSLBFTSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960004127 naloxone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- OJHZNMVJJKMFGX-RNWHKREASA-N (4r,4ar,7ar,12bs)-9-methoxy-3-methyl-1,2,4,4a,5,6,7a,13-octahydro-4,12-methanobenzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinoline-7-one;2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O.O=C([C@@H]1O2)CC[C@H]3[C@]4([H])N(C)CC[C@]13C1=C2C(OC)=CC=C1C4 OJHZNMVJJKMFGX-RNWHKREASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930003347 Atropine Natural products 0.000 description 1
- RKUNBYITZUJHSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hyosciamin-hydrochlorid Natural products CN1C(C2)CCC1CC2OC(=O)C(CO)C1=CC=CC=C1 RKUNBYITZUJHSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052766 Lawrencium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JGORUXKMRLIJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Norhydrocodone Natural products O1C2C(=O)CCC3C4CC5=CC=C(OC)C1=C5C23CCN4 JGORUXKMRLIJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008896 Opium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910019032 PtCl2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019029 PtCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000012445 acidic reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- RKUNBYITZUJHSG-SPUOUPEWSA-N atropine Chemical compound O([C@H]1C[C@H]2CC[C@@H](C1)N2C)C(=O)C(CO)C1=CC=CC=C1 RKUNBYITZUJHSG-SPUOUPEWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000396 atropine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125898 compound 5 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003074 decanoyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003818 flash chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- AABLHGPVOULICI-BRJGLHKUSA-N hydromorphinol Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@H](CC[C@]23O)O)C4=C5[C@@]12CCN(C)[C@@H]3CC5=CC=C4O AABLHGPVOULICI-BRJGLHKUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- INAXVFBXDYWQFN-XHSDSOJGSA-N morphinan Chemical compound C1C2=CC=CC=C2[C@]23CCCC[C@H]3[C@@H]1NCC2 INAXVFBXDYWQFN-XHSDSOJGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940094933 n-dodecane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- JGORUXKMRLIJSV-ZWUPXRALSA-N norhydrocodone Chemical compound O=C([C@H]1O2)CC[C@@H]3[C@@]4([H])NCC[C@@]13C1=C2C(OC)=CC=C1C4 JGORUXKMRLIJSV-ZWUPXRALSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001027 opium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001501 propionyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FBEIPJNQGITEBL-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrachloroplatinum Chemical compound Cl[Pt](Cl)(Cl)Cl FBEIPJNQGITEBL-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D489/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 4aH-8, 9 c- Iminoethano-phenanthro [4, 5-b, c, d] furan ring systems, e.g. derivatives of [4, 5-epoxy]-morphinan of the formula:
- C07D489/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing 4aH-8, 9 c- Iminoethano-phenanthro [4, 5-b, c, d] furan ring systems, e.g. derivatives of [4, 5-epoxy]-morphinan of the formula: with a hetero atom directly attached in position 14
- C07D489/08—Oxygen atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/04—Centrally acting analgesics, e.g. opioids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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Abstract
本发明涉及用于诸如吗啡生物碱或托烷生物碱的叔N-甲基化的杂环的N-脱甲基化和/或N-酰化的一锅法。通过方案1例示的方法包括使所述叔N-甲基化的杂环与酰化剂在Pd金属催化剂的存在下反应。方案1
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及N-甲基化的化合物及其N-脱甲基化的方法。具体地,本发明涉及吗啡生物碱和托烷生物碱及其衍生物,以及它们的N-脱甲基化和N-酰化的一锅法。
发明背景
来自鸦片衍生的天然产物的吗啡衍生的拮抗剂的半合成传统地包括脱甲基化的标准方法以及诸如引入C-14羟基的氧化方法的后续方法,所述吗啡衍生的拮抗剂例如纳洛酮,参见下文的化合物5,和纳曲酮,参见下文的化合物6,以及其它重要的医药化合物。
大部分制备C-14羟基化的化合物的商业方法利用Δ7-8不饱和化合物,然而,含有α,β-不饱和酮的化合物由于其Michael受体特征最近被确定为潜在的基因毒素,因此期望发现新的实现氧化衍生物的路线以避免这些中间体。
因此,避免这些标准方法的任何方法可以具有制备诸如纳洛酮5、纳曲酮6的吗啡衍生的拮抗剂和其它重要的医药化合物的巨大商业潜力。
开发环-C饱和的吗啡喃的N-脱甲基化的温和催化方案将经由锚定于氮原子的受限官能化通过分子内方法的潜在使用简化形成C-14氧代衍生物的路线。
用于吗啡生物碱的N-脱甲基化和/或N-酰化的现行方法是耗时、昂贵并且危险的。因此亟需改进的方法。而且,存在对环境无害的制备方法的增长要求。
发明概述
本发明产生自诸如氢可酮3和羟考酮4的吗啡生物碱及其衍生物的化学研究,所述发明满足对于制备吗啡衍生物的新方法的需求。本发明阐明了吗啡生物碱的一锅氧化N-脱甲基化和后续的N-酰化的条件,并且本发明是节约成本并且安全的。
本发明提供了用于N-甲基化的化合物的N-脱甲基化和后续的酰化或羧基化的一锅法,所述N-甲基化的化合物具体地为吗啡生物碱及其衍生物或托烷生物碱及其衍生物。
优选的吗啡化合物包括蒂巴因、东罂粟碱、14-羟基可待因酮、14-羟基吗啡酮、吗啡、可待因、氢吗啡酮、氢可酮、羟吗啡酮、羟考酮、氢吗啡酚(hydromorphol)和羟吗啡酚(oxymorphol)。
优选的托烷化合物是托品酮、托烷、托品、阿托品、可卡因或任何其它二环-[3.2.1]-氮杂双环甲胺。
在本发明的这一方面的特别优选的实施方案中,提供了用于氢可酮的N-脱甲基化以及后续的酰化的一锅法。
在本发明的一方面,所述方法包括使具有下述一般结构的杂环与酰化剂在催化剂的存在下反应:
在一优选的实施方案中,所述酰化剂是酐。优选的酐包括乙酸酐、异丁酸酐、正丙酸酐、癸酸酐、十二酸酐、环丙基羰基酸酐、源自C1-C19羧酸的酐和由它们衍生的混合酐。
在另一优选的实施方案中,所述酰化剂是二碳酸酯。优选的二碳酸酯包括源自C1-C19醇的碳酸酯、二甲基二碳酸酯、二叔戊基二碳酸酯、二叔丁基二碳酸酯、二烯丙基焦碳酸酯、二苄基二碳酸酯、二乙基焦碳酸酯、二甲基二碳酸酯、赤藓醇双碳酸酯和由它们衍生的混合碳酸酯。
在本发明的另一方面,提供了用于吗啡生物碱或托烷生物碱和它们的衍生物的N-脱甲基化及后续的羧基化以形成相应的碳酸酯的一锅法。优选地,酰化剂是二氨基甲酸酐,例如N,N’-二甲基氨基甲酸酐、N,N’-二乙基氨基甲酸酐、二苯基氨基甲酸酐、N,N’-二苯基碳酸酐、N,N’-二苯基二碳酸二酰胺、N,N’-(氧代二羰基)双甘氨酸二甲酯、吡咯-1-羧酸酐和它们的混合物。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,催化剂是选自以下的金属催化剂:Pd(OAc)2、PdCl2、PdCl2(PPh3)4、PdBr2、Pd(acac)2、Pd2(dba)3、Pd(dba)2、Pd(PPh3)4、Cu、Fe,、Ru、Co、Rh、Ir、Ni、Pd、Pt、Ge、Sn、Os、Cu、Ag、Au、Pb。
在一优选实施方案中,该方法包括用钯、至少一种酐但是不添加任何溶剂处理N-甲基化的化合物的步骤。在优选的实施方案中,钯源是Pd(OAc)2或PdCl2的一种并且所述酐是乙酸酐。在更优选的实施方案中,钯源是Pd(OAc)2。
在另一实施方案中,该方法包括用催化剂、至少一种溶剂和至少一种二碳酸酯处理N-甲基化的化合物的步骤。所述溶剂通常为苯、二噁烷、甲苯或甲醇。在优选的实施方案中,所述催化剂是Pd(OAc)2、所述溶剂是二噁烷并且所述二碳酸酯是二甲基二碳酸酯。
附图简述
通过下文参考了附图的描述,本发明的这些和其它性质将是更显而易见的,其中:
图1示出N-乙酰基氢可酮的X-射线结构。
发明详述
本文所用的术语“酰化”及相关的术语“酰化剂”以最广义的含义使用,以包括将酰基引入化合物中的任何反应。这包括酰基源自羧酸的反应。其还包括例如乙酰基的引入。本发明可使用的酰化剂的类型包括但不限于酐、二碳酸酯、二氨基甲酸试剂(dicarbamic agent)和其它已知的酰化剂。
本文所用的术语“催化剂”广义地用于指任何金属、其盐或任何其它衍生物。本发明所用的催化剂包括但不限于Al、Ag、Au、Ge、Pb、Lr、Ni、Ru、Zn、Fe、Sn、Ru、Co、Rh、Ir、Ni、Pd、Pt、Ti、Os、Cu、Rh、Pd、Pd(OAc)2、PdCl2、PdBr2、PdO、RhCl3、PtO2、RhCl(PPh3)3、Rh/Al、Pd/C、Pt/C、CaCO3/Pb上的Pd、Pd/Al、PtCl2和PtCl4。
具体地,本发明提供了用于催化的N-脱甲基化和/或N-酰化的方法,其中所述N-甲基化的杂环是吗啡生物碱或其衍生物或者托烷生物碱或其衍生物。
优选地,吗啡生物碱衍生物选自蒂巴因、东罂粟碱、14-羟基可待因酮、14-羟基吗啡酮、吗啡、可待因、氢吗啡酮、氢可酮、羟吗啡酮、羟考酮、氢吗啡酚和羟吗啡酚。在优选的实施方案中,吗啡生物碱衍生物是氢可酮。
优选地,托烷衍生物选自托品酮、托烷、托品、阿托品、可卡因或任何其它二环-[3.2.1]-氮杂双环甲胺。
下文示出示例性的反应,其中氢可酮是N-甲基化的杂环:
能使用不同类型的酰化剂。能通过选择起始原料和酰化剂定制通过所述反应获得的产物。
已经证实在本发明中有用的一种类型的酰化剂是酐。
如权利要求1所述的方法,其中酰化剂是酐,其中Y为C、Z为O并且X是C,从而所述酰化剂具有下述一般结构:
本发明所用的优选酐包括乙酸酐、异丁酸酐、正丙酸酐、癸酸酐、十二酸酐、环丙基羰基酸酐、环丁基羰基酸酐、源自C1-C19羧酸的酐和由它们衍生的混合酐。
二碳酸酯也是本发明所用的有用的酰化剂。
优选的二碳酸酯的实例包括C1-C19醇的混合的碳酸酯衍生物、二甲基二碳酸酯、二叔戊基二碳酸酯、二叔丁基二碳酸酯、二烯丙基焦碳酸酯、二苄基二碳酸酯、二乙基焦碳酸酯、二甲基二碳酸酯、赤藓醇双碳酸酯以及混合的碳酸酯。
或者,酰化剂可以是二氨基甲酸酐,其中Y为N,Z为O并且X为N,并且该酰化剂具有下述一般结构:
优选的二氨基甲酸酐包括N,N’-二甲基氨基甲酸酐、N,N’-二乙基氨基甲酸酐、二苯基氨基甲酸酐、N,N’-二苯基碳酸酐、N,N’-二苯基二碳酸二酰胺、N,N’-(氧代二羰基)双甘氨酸二甲酯、吡咯-1-羧酸酐和它们的混合物。
用于本发明的催化剂是包括元素金属及其盐在内的金属催化剂。某些实例是Cu、Fe、Ru、Co、Rh、Ir、Ni、Pt、Ge、Sn、Os、Cu、Ag、Au、Pb、Pd、Pd(OAc)2、PdCl2、PdCl2(PPh3)4、PdBr2、Pd(acac)2、Pd2(dba)3、Pd(dba)2、Pd(PPh3)4。
本发明所用的优选催化剂是Pd催化剂,例如Pd、PdCl2、Pd(OAc)2、Pd(PPh3)4和Pd(dba)2。在优选的实施方案中,钯催化剂是Pd(OAc)2。
优选地,催化剂钯的量为约0.01当量至1.2当量。优选地,催化剂钯的量为约0.2当量至0.5当量。更优选地,催化剂钯的量为约0.2当量。
本发明的方法/反应可以任选地包括添加溶剂,例如水、苯、二噁烷、甲苯、乙腈和C1-C4的醇或任何这些的混合物。在优选的实施方案中,溶剂是二噁烷。添加的溶剂的量通常为约0.1mL/克生物碱至100mL/克生物碱。
在本发明的一示例性方面,在Ac2O的存在下用催化剂Pd(OAc)2处理在下文的方案1中表示为3的氢可酮,并且分离了N-乙酰基去甲氢可酮(norhydrocodone)7。这种新的吗啡类似物的X-射线晶体结构示于图1中。
方案I
在本发明的另一示例性方面,用催化剂Pd(OAc)2在二甲基二碳酸酯的存在下处理在上文的方案I表示为3的氢可酮。这获得了N-甲氧基羰基去甲氢可酮8。
使用化学计算量的钯的初步试验证明苯是有效的溶剂。进一步的研究表明二噁烷是优选的溶剂。连续减少至约0.2当量的催化剂加载量获得了完美的结果。
对所有条件(更详细地描述于下文的实施例1a-j中)都常见的有趣的发现是分离了有利于天然形式的比率为3∶1的两种异构体(7a、7b)。
基于N-脱甲基化-酰化方法的成功,研究了一系列酐的反应性。这导致分离了如实施例2中进一步描述的新系列的N-酰化的氢可酮衍生物。
利用包括托烷及其衍生物在内的其它N-甲基化的杂环进一步证明了本发明的用途。如下文的实施例3中所示,还证明了本方法与诸如酮和酯的一系列官能团的相容性。
上文的公开一般地描述了本发明。应当相信,利用前述的描述,本领域技术人员能制备和使用所述组成并实施本发明的方法。参照下文的具体实施例能获得更完整的理解。描述这些实施例仅用于说明本发明的优选实施方案,并不意图限制本发明的范围。考虑了形式的变化和等同物的取代,因为情况可能建议或提供方便。其它通用组合对本领域的技术人员是显而易见的。本文引用的所有期刊论文和诸如专利或专利申请的其它文件都在此通过参考并入本文。
实施例
尽管这些实施例中使用了具体的术语,但是这些术语旨在表示描述的意义而不用于限制的目的。科学文献中报道了本公开和这些实施例中提及但未明确描述的化学方法并且这些方法对本领域的技术人员是熟知的。附加了参考文献列表并且这些参考文献在此通过引用被并入本文。
实施例1用于脱甲基化/酰化的一般方法
将叔胺(0.1mmol,1.0eq.)溶于乙酸酐(1ml)中,并添加Pd(OAc)2(0.01mmol,0.1eq.)。将反应于80℃下加热,保持15小时,冷却至室温并利用CHCl3∶MeOH∶NH4OH 80∶20∶1作为洗脱剂通过硅石塞。在真空下除去挥发物,并将残留物悬浮于NaHCO3中。用CHCl3萃取水相,用1M HCl和盐水洗涤合并的有机萃取物,然后用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并在真空下除去挥发物以获得酰基产物。
本领域技术人员应当理解,上文实施例1的描述提供了一般方法。如下文的表格所示,下文的实施例1a-1j所示的实施例按照上文所述的一般办法,并示于方案I中的化合物3至7,但包括在适当时使用不同来源的钯和不同量的Pd(OAc)2以及使用不同的溶剂。
实施例1a-j.氢可酮(3)的N-脱甲基化-乙酰化
实施例 | 条件(除非另外指出,否则15小时) | (7)的收率% |
1a | Pd(OAc)2(1.2当量),MeCN,Ac2O,80℃ | <5% |
1b | PdCl2(1.2当量),苯,Ac2O,80℃ | 50% |
1c | Pd(OAc)2(0.2当量),苯,Ac2O,80℃ | 67% |
实施例 | 条件(除非另外指出,否则15小时) | (7)的收率% |
1d | Pd(dba)2(0.5当量),苯,Ac2O,80℃ | 76% |
1e | Pd(OAc)2(0.2当量),二噁烷(干),Ac2O,80℃ | 80% |
1f | Pd(OAc)2(0.2当量),二噁烷(湿),Ac2O,80℃ | 80% |
1g | Pd(OAc)2(0.2当量),甲苯,Ac2O,80℃ | 67% |
1h | Pd(OAc)2(0.2当量),MeOH,Ac2O,rt,3天 | 15% |
1i | PdCl2(0.2当量),二噁烷,Ac2O,80℃ | 17.1% |
1j | Pd(PPh3)4(0.2当量),二噁烷,Ac2O,80℃ | 76% |
1k | Pd(dba)2(0.2当量),二噁烷,Ac2O,80℃ | 72% |
所分离的N-乙酰-N-去甲氢可酮(7)为比率为3∶1的两种异构体的混合物,并且收率为80%。
(主要异构体)Rf 0.3(96∶4DCM∶MeOH);mp(CHCl3/Hex)99-100℃;FTIR(vmax cm-1)膜:2929,1727,1628,1505,1436,1325,1274,1241,1121,1061,10261H NMR(CDCl3,600MHz):6.77(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),6.68(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),5.25-5.28(m,1H),4.69(s,1H),3.94(s,3H),3.67(dd,J=13.8,4.8Hz,1H),3.09(dt,J=13.2,4.0Hz,1H),2.91(dd,J=18.6,6.1Hz,1H),2.67(d,J=18.5Hz,1H),2.32-2.51(m,3H),2.14(s,3H),1.91-2.02(m,3H),1.20-1.32(m,1H)ppm;13C NMR(CDCl3,125MHz):206.8,169.0,145.6,143.2,126.0,124.9,120.4,115.1,91.0,56.8,47.6,47.3,41.2,40.5,39.9,35.5,28.4,25.3,22.1ppm;MS(EI)m/z(%)327(24),241(23),117(10),87(68),86(21),85(72),849(31),83(100),57(12),49(13),48(12),47(28),43(23),41(10);HRMS对于C19H21NO4的计算值:327.1470,实测值:327.1483。
(次要异构体)1H NMR(CDCl3,600MHz):6.77(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),6.67(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),4.70(s,1H),4.56(dt,J=14.2,3.1Hz,1H),4.27-4.31(m,1H),3.94(s,3H),3.67(dd,J=13.8,4.8Hz,1H),3.09(dt,J=13.2,4.0Hz,1H),2.97(dd,J=18.2,5.8Hz,1H),2.76(d,J=18.1Hz,1H),2.53-2.61(m,1H)2.32-2.51(m,2H),2.14(s,3H),1.91-2.02(m,2H),1.20-1.32(m,1H)ppm;13C NMR(CDCl3,125MHz):206.7,168.7,145.6,143.6,126.0,123.9,120.3,115.3,91.0,56.8,53.8,47.2,42.1,39.7,35.4,34.7,29.2,25.5,21.9ppm MS(EI)m/z(%)327(24),241(23),117(10),87(68),86(21),85(72),84(31),83(100),57(12),49(13),48(12),47(28),43(23),41(10)HRMS对于C19H21NO4的计算值:327.1470,实测值:327.1483。
实施例2:一系列酐的反应性
按照实施例1中所示的一般方法研究了一系列酐的反应性。
实施例 | 酐 | 时间(小时) | 收率(%) | 产物 |
2a | 乙酸酐 | 15 | 80 | 7 |
2b | 环丙烷羧酸酐 | 24 | 76 | 9 |
2c | 异丁酸酐 | 24 | 13 | 10 |
2d | 正丙酸酐 | 24 | 53 | 11 |
2e | 癸酸酐 | 120 | 36 | 12 |
2f | 十二酸酐 | 120 | 43 | 13 |
下文的方案IV示出得自每一上文所述的实施例2a-2f的N-酰化去甲氢可酮衍生物系列。
方案IV
R=CH3(7)
R=环丙基 (9)
R=CH(CH3)2 (10)
R=CH2CH3 (11)
R=(CH2)8CH3 (12)
R=(CH2)10CH3 (13)
所分离的N-异丁酰基-N-脱甲基氢可酮(10)为比率为13∶4的两种异构体的混合物,并且收率为13%。
(主要异构体)FTIR(vmax cm-1)膜:3444,2970,2933,1728,1643,1634,1505,1435,1327,1276,1260,1177,1156,1032,958,754;1HNMR(CDCl3,300MHz):6.77(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),6.68(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),5.26-5.33(m,1H),4.68(s,1H),3.94(S,3H),3.74-3.84(m,1H),2.73-3.12(m,3H),2.62(d,J=18.5Hz,1H),2.28-2.51(m,3H),1.87-2.06(m,3H),1.20-1.30(m,1H),1.19(d,J=6.8Hz,3H),1.12(d,J=7.02Hz,3H);13C NMR(CDCl3,75.5MHz):206.92,175.35,145.57,143.18,126.18,125.08,120.36,115.13,90.97,56.78,47.61,47.39,41.38,39.92,39.35,35.86,30.46,28.45,25.35,19.62,19.08;MS(EI)m/z(%):355(34.5),242(12.5),241(33.7),115(98.6),100(12.5),88(12.7),87(16.0),86(65.9),84(100.0),72(23.7),55(10.7),49(19.5),47(23.7),43(52.9),41(15.1);HRMS(EI)对于C21H25NO4计算值:355.1784;实测值:355.1777。
所分离的环丙基羰基-脱甲基-氢可酮(9)为比率为3∶1的两种异构体的混合物并且收率为76%。
FTIR(vmax cm-1)膜:3448,3007,2929,1728,1631,1505,1438,1327,1275,1115,960,753(主要异构体)1H NMR(CDCl3,600MHz):6.76(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),6.64-6.70(m,1H),5.22-5.26(m,1H),4.69(s,1H),4.09(dd,J=13.7,4.6Hz,1H),3.92(s,3H),3.12(dt,J=13.2,3.7Hz,1H),2.89(dd,J=18.3,6.2Hz,1H),2.65(d,J=18.5Hz,1H),2.31-2.63(m,5H),2.04(dt,J=12.5,5.1Hz,1H),1.89-2.00(m,1H),1.70-1.78(m,1H),1.18-1.36(m,1H),0.96-1.09(m,1H),0.74-0.92(m,2H)13C NMR(CDCl3,150MHz):207.1,172.0,145.6,143.3,126.2,125.1,120.4,115.1,91.1,67.1,56.7,48.3,47.4,42.1,39.9,36.2,29.7,28.4,11.5,8.8,7.6(次要异构体)1H NMR(CDCl3,600MHz):6.76(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),6.64-6.70(m,1H),4.73-4.77(m,1H),4.70(s,1H),4.50(dd,J=13.9,3.6Hz,1H),3.92(s,3H),2.99(dd,J=18.0,5.7Hz,1H),2.80(d,J=18.1Hz,1H),2.31-2.63(m,5H),2.04(dt,J=12.5,5.1Hz,1H),1.89-2.00(m,1H),1.81-1.83(m,1H),1.57-1.65(m,1H),1.18-1.36(m,1H),0.96-1.09(m,1H),0.74-0.92(m,2H)13C NMR(CDCl3,150MHz):206.9,171.9,145.5,143.1,126.2,125.1,120.2,114.9,91.0,67.1,56.7,48.3,47.4,41.2,39.7,35.7,29.4,25.3,11.5,7.5,7.3MS(EI)m/z(%):354(17),353(66),301(28),300(11),242(30),241(57),240(14),213(11),199(11),185(19),164(30),141(10),129(16),128(12),127(10),115(15),114(11),113(61),112(82),111(28),109(11),99(11),98(73),97(11),88(23),87(19),86(48),85(89),84(80),83(100),82(18),72(13),71(21),70(25),69(81),68(14),60(12),59(18),58(22),57(37),56(13),55(31),49(21),48(13),47(36),45(22),44(28),43(40),42(32),41(77)HRMS(EI)对于C21H23NO4的计算值:353.1627;实测值:353.1612。
所分离的N-正丙酰基-N-脱甲基氢可酮(11)为比率为3∶1的两种异构体的混合物,并且收率为53%。
(主要异构体)FTIR(vmax cm-1)膜:3436,2918,2849,1727,1634,1505,1437,1276,1118,1031,971 1H NMR(CDCl3,600MHz):6.68(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),6.59(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),5.17-5.22(m,1H),4.60(s,1H),3.85(s,3H),3.62(dd,J=13.4,5.0Hz,1H),2.96(dt,J=13.0,3.8Hz,1H),2.83(dd,J=18.6,6.0Hz,1H),2.56(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),2.20-2.47(m,6H),1.81-1.93(m,3H),1.10(t,J=7.7Hz,3H);13C NMR(CDCl3,125MHz):206.9,172.3,145.6,143.3,126.2,125.2,120.5,115.2,91.1,56.8,47.9,47.3,41.4,40.1,39.5,35.9,28.5,27.2,25.4,9.7;MS(EI)m/z(%):341(33.1),242(12.2),241(30.6),188(11.1),185(11.0),167(10.8),149(28.3),129(13.2),113(10.0),102(11.2),101(100.0),72(17.6),71(13.6),70(13.5),57(85.0),56(10.7),55(19.3),43(18.2),41(13.8)HRMS(EI)对于C20H23NO4的计算值:341.1627;实测值:341.1628。
所分离的N-正癸酰基-N-脱甲基氢可酮(12)为比率为3∶1的两种异构体的混合物,并且收率为36%。
(主要异构体)FTIR(vmax cm-1)膜:3435,2926,2850,1726,1626,1505,1436,1155,1030,892,7531H NMR(CDCl3,600MHz):6.68(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),6.59(d,J=8.0Hz,101H),5.18-5.21(m,1H),4.60(s,1H),3.84(s,3H),3.62(dd,J=13.5,4.6Hz,1H),3.38(m,1H),2.96(dt,J=13.1,3.8Hz,1H),2.83(dd,J=18.6,6.1Hz,1H),2.55(d,J=18.4Hz,1H),2.34-2.40(m,1H),2.20-2.33(m,3H),1.81-1.93(m,2H),1.59-1.65(m,2H),1.49-1.58(m.2H),1.13-1.33(m,12),0.81(t,J=6.8Hz,3H);13C NMR(CDCl3,125MHz):207.3,171.9,145.6,143.4,126.2,124.9,120.7,115.1,91.3,56.7,47.4,41.3,39.9,39.7,35.7,34.0,33.8,31.9,31.7,29.5,29.4,28.4,25.6,25.4,25.0,22.7,14.1;MS(EI)m/z(%):439(1.0),224(41.8),172(10.1),143(36.3),100(15.8),99(56.6),98(36.9),83(18.2),82(11.2),70(21.3),67(10.4),61(52.2),57(19.3),56(100.0),55(43.2),44(14.1),43(46.5),41(42.7);HRMS(EI)对于C27H37NO4的计算值:439.2723;实测值:439.2719。
所分离的N-正十二烷酰基-N-脱甲基氢可酮(13)为比率为3.6∶1的两种异构体的混合物,并且收率为43%。
(主要异构体)FTIR(vmax cm-1)膜:3334,2926,2852,1729,1627,1575,1505,1438,1275,1031,9651H NMR(CDCl3,300MHz):6.77(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),6.67(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),5.24-5.32(m,1H),4.69(s,1H),3.93(s,3H),3.66-3.76(m,1H),3.42-3.58(m,1H),2.98-3.11(m.1H),2.91(dd,J=18.6,6.1Hz,1H),2.63(d,J=18.5Hz,1H),2.23-2.52(m,3H),1.87-2.04(m,4H)1.54-1.79(m,4H),1.20-1.47(m,15H),1.01-1.20(m,3H),0.89(t,J=6.5Hz,3H);13C NMR(CDCl3,75.5MHz):207.2,171.8,145.9,143.3,126.2,125.2,120.5,115.2,91.1,56.8,49.4,47.6,47.4,41.4,39.8,35.9,35.7,34.2,34.0,32.1,32.0,29.7,29.6,29.5,25.8,25.4,25.0,22.8,14.3;MS(EI)m/z(%):467(2.5),224(21.4),143(17.6),100(10.0),99(27.0),98(17.4),61(23.2),56(100.0),55(19.9),43(20.5),41(19.1);HRMS(EI)对于C29H41NO4的计算值:467.3036;实测值:467.3037。
实施例3:托烷生物碱的N-酰化
还将上文的实施例3所述的方法应用于其它N-甲基化的杂环,并示于下文的实施例3a-3e中。
实施例3a-3e
8-乙酰基-8-氮杂-二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基2-苯基丙烯酸酯(22)
Rf 0.3(96∶4 DCM∶MeOH);mp 104-107℃;FTIR(vmax cm-1)膜:2953,2922,1714,1635,1495,1445,1424,1327,1196,1167,1076,1034;1HNMR(CDCl3,300MHz):7.29-7.42(m,5H),6.37(s,1H),5.89(s,1H),5.25(t,J=4.8Hz,1H),4.59-4.68(m,1H),4.04-4.13(m,1H),2.22(dt,J=15.3,4.3Hz,1H),2.05(s,3H),1.78-2.15(m,7H)ppm;13C NMR(CDCl3,75.5MHz):166.1,165.8,141.8,136.7,123.3,128.2,128.1,127.0,68.3,54.2,50.1,37.3,35.6,28.6,26.9,21.5ppm;MS(EI)m/z(%)299(18),257(16),168(15),152(28),151(32),136(18),126(10),111(14),110(100),109(38),108(17),103(38),97(10),86(27),84(44),83(15),82(19),81(25),80(29),77(22),71(11),69(33),68(35),67(28),57(19),55(18),47(10),43(68),41(26);HRMS(EI)对于C18H21NO3的计算值:299.1521;实测值299.1518;分析:对于C18H21NO3的计算值:C,72.22%;H,7.07%;实测值:C,70.84%;H,7.18%。
4-氧代-4-(3-氧代-8-氮杂-二环[3.2.1]辛-8-基)丁酸(24)
Rf 0.3(96∶4∶1DCM∶MeOH∶AcOH);FTIR(vmax cm-1)膜:3416,2959,2924,2852,2645,1715,1618,1459,1413,1199,1178;1H NMR(CDCl3,300MHz):4.95(t,J=5.8Hz,1H),4.52(t,J=5.7Hz,1H),2.65-2.94(m,6H),2.43(t,J=16.5Hz,2H),2.00-2.29(m,2H),1.65-1.92(m,2H)ppm;13C NMR(CDCl3,75.5MHz):207.1,176.7,168.4,53.7,51.4,49.4,49.8,29.9,29.0,28.3,27.7ppm。
用二甲基二碳酸酯代替酐
将酒石酸氢氢可酮(100mg,0.22mmol,1eq.)悬浮于1∶1的苯和二甲基二碳酸酯的混合物(2ml)中,并添加Pd(OAc)2。将反应混合物加热至80℃,持续18小时,然后将其冷却至室温并通过硅藻土塞过滤。蒸发溶剂,用CHCl3溶解残留物,并将有机层用1N HCl洗涤。将有机层用MgSO4干燥,蒸发溶剂并且通过快速柱色谱(CHCl3∶MeOH;100∶0->90∶10)纯化该残留物以获得25mg化合物8,所述化合物8是比率为6∶4(33%)的2种异构体的混合物并且是无色的油。
Rf 0.55(92∶8;DCM∶MeOH);FTIR(vmax cm-1)膜:3019,2955,2934,2842,2806,1744,1637,1610,1506,1441,1325,1263,1164,1040;1HNMR(CDCl3,600MHz):6.75(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),6.63-6.68(m,2H),4.77-4.81(m,1H),4.67-4.70(m,2H),4.60-4.64(m,1H),4.10(dd,J=13.5,5.0Hz,1H),3.93-3.98(m,1H),3.92(s,6H),3.80-3.88(m,2H),3.76(s,3H),3.73(s,3H),2.83-2.91(m,2H),2.75-2.82(m,2H),2.68-2.74(m,2H),2.42-2.48(m,4H),2.34-2.41(m,2H),1.82-2.00(m,4H),1.18-1.28(m,2H)ppm;13C NMR(CDCl3,125MHz):207,2,155,9,155.5,145.5,143.1,126.1,124.9,124.7,120.4,120.3,114.9,114.8,91.2,56.7,52.9,52.8,50.9,50.6,47.24,47.17,41.5,41.4,40.7,39.9,39.8,38.01,37.97,35.0,34.8,28.9,28.5,25.4,25.3ppm;HRMS(EI)对于C19H21NO5的计算值:343.1420,实测值:343.1421。
化合物9、15、17、19、20的所有分析数据与文献中报道的分析数据一致。
除了化合物10、11、12和13,结构22和24也是新化合物。
已经通过实施例描述了一个或多个目前的优选实施方案。对本领域的技术人员显而易见的是,能做出许多变化和修饰而不偏离权利要求书所限定的本发明的范围。
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Claims (42)
1.用于叔N-甲基化杂环的N-脱甲基化和N-酰化的一锅法方法,所述方法包括使N-甲基化的杂环底物与酰化剂反应物在催化剂的存在下反应以获得吗啡衍生产物。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述N-甲基化的杂环选自吗啡生物碱、托烷生物碱及其衍生物。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法,其中所述吗啡生物碱选自蒂巴因、东罂粟碱、14-羟基可待因酮、14-羟基吗啡酮、吗啡、可待因、氢吗啡酮、氢可酮、羟吗啡酮、羟考酮、氢吗啡酚和羟吗啡酚。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法,其中所述吗啡生物碱是氢可酮。
6.如权利要求4所述的方法,其中所述托烷生物碱及其衍生物选自托品酮、托烷、托品、阿托品、可卡因及其它二环-[3.2.1]-氮杂双环甲胺。
9.如权利要求8所述的方法,其中所述酐选自乙酸酐、异丁酸酐、正丙酸酐、癸酸酐、十二酸酐、环丙基羰基酸酐、环丁基羰基酸酐、源自C1-C19羧酸的酐和由它们衍生的混合酐。
10.如权利要求9所述的方法,其中所述酐是乙酸酐。
12.如权利要求11所述的方法,其中所述二碳酸酯是C1-C19醇的混合碳酸酯衍生物。
13.如权利要求11所述的方法,其中所述二碳酸酯选自二甲基二碳酸酯、二叔戊基二碳酸酯、二叔丁基二碳酸酯、二烯丙基焦碳酸酯、二苄基二碳酸酯、二乙基焦碳酸酯、二甲基二碳酸酯、赤藓醇双碳酸酯及混合的碳酸酯。
14.如权利要求13所述的方法,其中所述二碳酸酯是二甲基二碳酸酯。
15.如权利要求13所述的方法,其中所述二碳酸酯是二叔丁基二碳酸酯。
17.如权利要求16所述的方法,其中所述二氨基甲酸酐选自N,N’-二甲基氨基甲酸酐、N,N’-二乙基氨基甲酸酐、二苯基氨基甲酸酐、N,N’-二苯基碳酸酐、N,N’-二苯基二碳酸二酰胺、N,N’-(氧代二羰基)双甘氨酸二甲酯、吡咯-1-羧酸酐和它们的混合物。
18.如权利要求17所述的方法,其中所述二氨基甲酸酐是N,N’-二甲基氨基甲酸酐。
19.如权利要求17所述的方法,其中所述二氨基甲酸酐是N,N’-二乙基氨基甲酸酐。
20.如权利要求17所述的方法,其中所述二氨基甲酸酐是二苯基氨基甲酸酐。
21.如权利要求17所述的方法,其中所述二氨基甲酸酐选自N,N’-二苯基二碳酸二酰胺。
22.如权利要求17所述的方法,其中所述二氨基甲酸酐是N,N’-(氧代二羰基)双甘氨酸二甲酯。
23.如权利要求17所述的方法,其中所述二氨基甲酸酐是吡咯-1-羧酸酐。
24.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述金属催化剂选自Pd、Pd(OAc)2、PdCl2、PdCl2(PPh3)4、PdBr2、Pd(acac)2、Pd2(dba)3、Pd(dba)2、Pd(PPh3)4、Cu、Fe、Ru、Co、Rh、Ir、Ni、Pt、Ge、Sn、Os、Cu、Ag、Au和Pb。
25.如权利要求24所述的方法,其中所述催化剂选自Cu、Fe、Ru、Co、Rh、Ir、Ni、Pd、Pt、Ge和Sn。
26.如权利要求24所述的方法,其中所述催化剂选自Os、Cu、Ag、Au和Pb。
27.如权利要求26所述的方法,其中所述催化剂是选自以下的钯催化剂:Pd、Pd(OAc)2、PdCl2、PdCl2(PPh3)4、PdBr2、Pd(acac)2、Pd2(dba)3、Pd(dba)2和Pd(PPh3)4。
28.如权利要求27所述的方法,其中所述钯催化剂是Pd(OAc)2。
29.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述催化剂的量为约0.01当量至1.2当量。
30.如权利要求29所述的方法,其中所述催化剂的量为约0.01当量至0.5当量。
31.如权利要求29所述的方法,其中所述催化剂的量为约0.2当量。
32.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述反应在至少一种溶剂的存在下发生。
33.如权利要求32所述的方法,其中所述溶剂选自水、苯、二噁烷、甲苯、低级(C1-C4)醇和它们的混合物。
34.如权利要求33所述的方法,其中所述至少一种溶剂是二噁烷。
36.去甲氢可酮衍生物,其通过权利要求1-35中任一权利要求所述的方法获得。
37.如权利要求36所述的去甲氢可酮衍生物,其包含选自以下的结构:
38.如权利要求37所述的衍生物,其中R为CH3。
39.如权利要求37所述的衍生物,其中R为CH(CH3)2。
40.如权利要求37所述的衍生物,其中R为CH2CH3。
41.如权利要求37所述的衍生物,其中R为(CH2)8CH3。
42.如权利要求37所述的衍生物,其中R为(CH2)10CH3。
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US11/771,191 US7999104B2 (en) | 2007-06-29 | 2007-06-29 | Methods for one-pot N-demethylation/N-acylation of morphine and tropane alkaloids |
PCT/CA2008/001177 WO2009003270A1 (en) | 2007-06-29 | 2008-06-30 | Methods for one-pot n-demethylation/n-acylation of morphine and tropane alkaloids |
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CN111646982A (zh) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-11 | 浙江凯普化工有限公司 | 一种去甲酮替芬的合成方法 |
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US8962841B2 (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2015-02-24 | Brock University | Methods for one-pot N-demethylation/N-functionalization of morphine and tropane alkaloids |
NZ595591A (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2013-11-29 | Univ Brock | Processes for the preparation of morphinane and morphinone compounds |
US8623888B2 (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2014-01-07 | Mallinckrodt Llc | 3-oxy-hydromorphone derivatives |
WO2011154826A1 (en) | 2010-06-11 | 2011-12-15 | Rhodes Technologies | Process for n-dealkylation of tertiary amines |
AU2011263417B2 (en) | 2010-06-11 | 2014-03-27 | Rhodes Technologies | Transition metal-catalyzed processes for the preparation of N-allyl compounds and use thereof |
PL2601195T3 (pl) | 2010-08-04 | 2014-10-31 | Mallinckrodt Llc | Tandemowy sposób wytwarzania n-alkilomorfinanów |
CN103619847A (zh) | 2011-05-06 | 2014-03-05 | 布鲁克大学 | 通过金属催化n-脱甲基化/官能化以及分子内基团转移制备吗啡类似物的方法 |
ES2784690T3 (es) | 2013-12-05 | 2020-09-29 | Univ Bath | Nuevos compuestos opioides y sus usos |
EP3210630A1 (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2017-08-30 | G.L. Pharma GmbH | Abuse-deterrent pharmaceutical compositions |
US10626120B2 (en) | 2016-04-22 | 2020-04-21 | Noramco, Llc | N-demethylation of morphinan alkaloids |
US10081636B2 (en) | 2016-07-08 | 2018-09-25 | Cody Laboratories, Inc. | Method for catalytic preparation of hydromorphone, hydrocodone, and other opiates |
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EP0164290A1 (fr) * | 1984-05-25 | 1985-12-11 | Sanofi S.A. | Procédé de déalkylation d'alcaloides et intermédiaires |
WO2004108090A2 (en) * | 2003-06-05 | 2004-12-16 | Halsey Drug Company | Process for manufacturing oxycodone |
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CN111646982A (zh) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-11 | 浙江凯普化工有限公司 | 一种去甲酮替芬的合成方法 |
CN111646982B (zh) * | 2020-06-04 | 2023-08-08 | 浙江凯普化工有限公司 | 一种去甲酮替芬的合成方法 |
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US20090005565A1 (en) | 2009-01-01 |
CN101801978B (zh) | 2013-11-06 |
IL202993A (en) | 2014-11-30 |
US7999104B2 (en) | 2011-08-16 |
WO2009003270A1 (en) | 2009-01-08 |
AU2008271862A1 (en) | 2009-01-08 |
CA2692426C (en) | 2015-04-07 |
MX2010000072A (es) | 2010-04-21 |
CA2692426A1 (en) | 2009-01-08 |
EP2170897A4 (en) | 2011-08-24 |
AU2008271862B2 (en) | 2012-07-05 |
JP5462156B2 (ja) | 2014-04-02 |
EP2170897B1 (en) | 2013-08-21 |
EP2170897A1 (en) | 2010-04-07 |
ES2435555T3 (es) | 2013-12-20 |
JP2010531812A (ja) | 2010-09-30 |
KR20100054784A (ko) | 2010-05-25 |
NZ582674A (en) | 2012-02-24 |
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