A kind of automatic lathe that is used for processing spanner
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lathe, especially a kind of lathe of processing spanner.
Background technology
Lathe need carry out the car hole with lathe tool to the spanner part in processing spanner, carry out operations such as groove milling with milling cutter, when between various operations, changing, just need carry out accurate localization to main shaft, enables stall fast and accurately.Now there are a lot of methods the location to lathe spindle, more general a kind of be to send the pulse enable signal step motor stop through impulse generator, thereby make the main shaft stall; But the shortcoming of this mode at first is that cost is higher, need use impulse generator and stepper motor, also has back, the location of being exactly main shaft possibly also have inertia, can rotate, and positioning accuracy will be affected like this.
Summary of the invention
To the problems referred to above, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of simple and convenient, cost is lower and the automatic lathe that is used for processing spanner of accurate positioning.
In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of automatic lathe that is used for processing spanner comprises base; Lathe tool system and milling cutter system that base is provided with feed system, axis system and material is processed; Described axis system comprises casing, is provided with main shaft in the casing, and front-end of spindle stretches out casing and is provided with clamping device; Be fixed with the main shaft centring ring on the main shaft; Main shaft centring ring side is provided with locating slot, and main shaft connects motor through belt drive system, and the driven by motor main shaft rotates; The corresponding main shaft centring ring of main shaft one side is provided with positioning cylinder; Positioning cylinder is fixed on the casing; Cylinder piston rod front end in the positioning cylinder is fixed with locating piece; The cylinder piston rod lower end is fixed with the frizzen that plays motion with one of which, and first inductive probe and second inductive probe that are provided with along its movement locus are arranged below the frizzen; Cylinder piston rod drives locating piece and snaps in and leave locating slot, and drives induced signal and the induced signal that triggers first inductive probe transmission starter motor that frizzen triggers second inductive probe transmission stall motor accordingly.
As preferably, described feed system comprises support, and support is fixed on the base; Be fixed with the frame that connects material on the support, be provided with the groove that connects material of blowing in the frame that connects material, the groove rear end that connects material is provided with expeller; Expeller connects the pusher cylinder; Be provided with induction coil in the expeller, connect material and be provided with blanking rack above the groove, the material that blanking rack is got off gets into the groove that connects material; Be close to the front of the slot that connects material and be provided with the swivel feeding frame, be provided with chute feeder in the swivel feeding frame, the size of chute feeder is corresponding with the groove that connects material with the position, also is provided with induction coil on the swivel feeding frame, and the swivel feeding frame connects rotary cylinder.
As preferably, the upper end of described swivel feeding frame in chute feeder is or/and the lower end is provided with hoodle.
As preferably, described clamping device comprises workpiece installing rack, preceding dog body, back dog body, pull bar; On the dog body, preceding dog body was fixed with back dog body before the workpiece installing rack was fixed on, and back dog body is enclosed within on the pull bar; Have the spanner installing hole on the preceding dog, be provided with chuck around the spanner installing hole, chuck one end is hinged on the preceding dog body through bearing pin; The chuck other end is through bearing pin and rod hinge connection, and this end of chuck and rod hinge connection is fixed with jaw, and jaw is arranged on spanner installing hole front end and is used to clamp spanner; Connecting rod is fixed on the tension dish; The tension dish is arranged in the dog body of back, and the pull bar front end sleeve is in the tension dish, and back end of tie rod is enclosed within the main shaft and connects the tension power set.
As preferably, be fixed with balance weight with workpiece installing rack symmetric position on the described preceding dog body.
As preferably; Described tension power set comprise drawing cylinder; Drawing cylinder comprises cylinder body, oil cylinder piston bar, and the oil cylinder piston bar is through the joint cylinder lever connecting rod, and oil cylinder piston bar lower end is fixed with the trigger board that plays motion with one of which; The trigger board lower end is provided with the 3rd inductive probe that sends induced signal according to the position of trigger board, and the 3rd inductive probe is fixed on the inductive probe installing rack.
As preferably, described chuck is three, and is evenly distributed along preceding dog body.
As preferably, described first inductive probe and second inductive probe all are fixed on the installing rack, and installing rack is fixed on the casing of axis system.
As preferably, described positioning cylinder is arranged on the casing outside, and the corresponding positioning cylinder of casing place has one and supplies locating piece to free in and out the through hole of casing.
As preferably, described belt drive system comprises belt pulley, and belt pulley is arranged on rear-end of spindle, and belt pulley connects motor through belt.
Lathe of the present invention is through installing and locating circle on main shaft; The centring ring side is provided with locating slot; Promote locating piece through cylinder again and snap in locating slot, inductive switch is responded to when locating piece snaps in locating slot, sends induced signal; Make the spindle motor stall, thus main shaft location stall.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: (1), accurate positioning, locating piece snaps in locating slot, and main shaft is firmly blocked, and can not make the location inaccurate because of rotator inertia;
(2), simplicity of design, cost is lower;
(3), in the feed system of lathe; Induction coil is installed in expeller, and like this, spanner falls into chute feeder and can be held by induction coil; And can run-off the straight not make malposition; And after pushing spanner in the feed well, the induction coil outage, expeller withdrawal back spanner has just been stayed in the chute feeder like this;
(4), up and down two ends are provided with hoodle in the feed well of swivel feeding frame, after shifting onto spanner in the feed well, the hoodle at two ends blocks spanner up and down, and spanner is played fixing effect;
(5), induction coil also is installed on the swivel feeding frame; After being pulled in the feed well, same spanner can be held by induction coil, can the run-off the straight malposition, and also the swivel feeding frame is in swivel feeding; Spanner is held always, prevents that further spanner from coming off; After delivering to the position to spanner, the induction coil outage, the swivel feeding frame returns, and spanner puts in place;
(6), the front end of chuck is provided with the jaw of band radian, can be close to spanner with its clamping tightly.
(7), balance weight is set, make spanner like this in rotation, particularly in the bigger spanner of rotating weight, can keep balance, prevent that spanner is thrown out of at the opposite side of workpiece installing rack.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view one of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a perspective view two of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of axis system of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the sketch map of main shaft centring ring of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of navigation system of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of feed system of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the right view of Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 is the B-B cutaway view of Fig. 8;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of clamping device of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of drawing cylinder of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Shown in Fig. 1-6, lathe comprises base 1, lathe tool system 45 and milling cutter system 46 that base 1 is provided with feed system, axis system and material is processed; Axis system comprises casing 3, is provided with main shaft 2 in the casing 3, and main shaft 2 crosses casing 3 and passes through bearing fixing on casing 3; Main shaft 2 front ends stretch out casing 3 and are provided with clamping device, and main shaft 2 center fixed have main shaft centring ring 4, and main shaft centring ring 4 is enclosed within on the main shaft 2 and through flat key 49 and is fixed on main shaft 2 middle parts; Main shaft centring ring 4 sides are provided with locating slot 5; Main shaft 2 rear ends are fixed with belt pulley 50, and belt pulley 50 connects motor 6 through belt, and motor 6 drives main shaft 2 through belt transmission and rotates; Main shaft 2 one sides are provided with navigation system; Navigation system comprises positioning cylinder 11, and positioning cylinder 11 is fixed on the casing 3, and corresponding with main shaft centring ring 4; Be fixed with locating piece 7 on the cylinder piston rod in the positioning cylinder 11; Positioning cylinder 11 can be arranged in the casing 3, also can be arranged on outside the casing 3, if be arranged on outside the casing 3; Then casing 3 corresponding positioning cylinders 11 places have and can make locating piece 7 free in and out the through hole of casing 3; Locating piece 7 along with the motion of cylinder piston rod from propping up the side of main shaft centring ring 4 after through hole gets into casing 3, along with the continuation of the rotation of main shaft 2 and the cylinder piston rod motion to main shaft centring ring 4, locating piece 7 snaps in locating slot 5; The cylinder piston rod lower end is fixed with frizzen 10, is provided with two first inductive probe 8 and second inductive probes 9 that send induced signal according to the position of frizzen 10 below the frizzen 10.First inductive probe 8 and second inductive probe 9 all are fixed on the installing rack 41, and installing rack 41 is fixed on the casing 3 of axis system.Frizzen 10 is along with the motion of cylinder piston rod is moved together, when cylinder piston rod to main shaft centring ring 4 directions motions (be defined as and travel forward), frizzen 10 is also followed together and is travelled forward; After locating piece 7 snapped onto locating slot 5, frizzen 10 was triggered to first inductive probe, 9, the first inductive probes 9 and sends induced signal; Motor 6 stalls; Main shaft 2 stalls location, after locating piece 7 snaps onto locating slot 5 certainly, the cylinder piston rod stop motion; When cylinder piston rod is retreated, frizzen 10 is also followed together and is retreated, and locating piece 7 also leaves locating slot 5, and frizzen 10 is triggered to first inductive probe, 8, the first inductive probes 8 and sends induced signals, and motor 6 restarts, and main shaft 2 begins rotation.
Shown in Fig. 7-9, feed system comprises support 44, and support 44 is fixed on the base 1; Be fixed with the frame 12 that connects material on the support 44, be provided with the groove 13 that connects material that connects material in the frame 12 that connects material, groove 13 rear ends that connect material are provided with expeller 14; Expeller 14 connects pusher cylinder 15; Be provided with induction coil 16 in the expeller 14, connect material and be provided with blanking rack 17 above the groove 13, the material that blanking rack 17 is got off gets into the groove 13 that connects material; Be close to groove 13 front ends that connect material and be provided with swivel feeding frame 18; Swivel feeding frame 18 1 ends are hinged on the swivel feeding frame installing rack 48; In swivel feeding frame 18 other ends, be provided with chute feeder 19; The size of chute feeder 19 is corresponding with the groove 13 that connects material with the position, also is provided with induction coil 20 on the swivel feeding frame 18, and swivel feeding frame 18 connects rotary cylinder 21.The upper end of swivel feeding frame 18 in chute feeder 19 is or/and the lower end is provided with hoodle 42.
Like Figure 10, shown in 11, clamping device comprises workpiece installing rack 22, preceding dog body 23, back dog body 24, pull bar 32; On the dog body 23, preceding dog body 23 was fixing with back dog body 24 before workpiece installing rack 22 was fixed on, and back dog body 24 is enclosed within on the pull bar 32; Have spanner installing hole 25 on the preceding dog body 23; Be provided with three chucks 26 around the spanner installing hole 25, chuck 26 evenly distributes along preceding dog body 23 circumference, and chuck 26 1 ends are hinged on the preceding dog body 23 through bearing pin; Chuck 26 other ends are hinged through bearing pin and connecting rod 27; Chuck 26 is fixed with jaw 43 with connecting rod 27 these hinged ends, and jaw 43 is arranged on spanner installing hole 25 front ends and is used to clamp spanner, and connecting rod 27 is fixed on the tension dish 28; Tension dish 28 is arranged in the back dog body 24, and pull bar 32 front end sleeves are tension dish 28 in and be stuck in the tension dish 28, is provided with bearing 30 in the tension dish 28, is enclosed within on the bearing 30 on the pull bar 32, and back end of tie rod 32 is enclosed within the main shaft 2 and connects strains power set.The tension power set comprise the drawing cylinder 34 that is fixed on the casing 3; Drawing cylinder 34 comprises cylinder body 36, oil cylinder piston bar 35; Oil cylinder piston bar 35 is through joint 47 cylinder lever connecting rods 32; Oil cylinder piston bar 35 lower ends are fixed with the trigger board 38 that plays motion with one of which, and the 3rd inductive probe 39, the three inductive probes 39 that trigger board 38 lower ends are provided with according to the position transmission induced signal of trigger board 38 are fixed on the inductive probe installing rack 37.Be fixed with balance weight 33 with workpiece installing rack 22 symmetric positions on the preceding dog body 23.
The entire work process of lathe does; The workpiece spanner at first gets off to fall from blanking rack 17 in the groove 13 that connects material of the frame 12 that connects material; Induction coils 16 energisings that are provided with in the expeller 14 of groove 13 rear ends that connect material hold spanner; Pusher cylinder 15 drives expeller 14 and spanner is advanced in the chute feeder 19 of swivel feeding frame 18, induction coil 16 outages, and expeller 14 is return; The spanner that the induction coil 20 that is provided with on the swivel feeding frame 18 will be sent in the chute feeder 19 holds, and the hoodle 42 of the upper and lower end setting of swivel feeding frame 18 in chute feeder 19 also further blocks the jail with spanner simultaneously.Rotary cylinder 21 driven rotary cradles 18 rotations then, the spanner in the chute feeder 19 is sent on the clamping device of main shaft 2 front ends 18 repositions of swivel feeding frame; The handle of spanner is placed on the workpiece installing rack 22, and spanner is placed into spanner installing hole 25 places, and the push rod 40 in the lathe tool system pushes spanner in the spanner installing hole 25 under cylinder action; The oil cylinder piston bar 35 of drawing cylinder 34 drives pull bars 32 and pulls back (position of definition drawing cylinder 34 is the back with respect to chuck 26) then, because pull bar 32 front end sleeves are in tension dish 28 and be stuck in the tension dish 28, pull bar 32 1 pulls back like this; Tension dish 28 just pulls back, and the connecting rod 27 that is fixed on the tension dish 28 and then pulls back, and connecting rod 27 drives an end of hinged with it chuck 26; Jaw 43 on chuck 26 these ends just is tightened up, spanner just by jaw 43 be tightened to tightly be close to before 23, three chucks of dog body clamp spanner simultaneously; When spanner was tightened up, the trigger board 38 of fixing on the oil cylinder piston bar 35 had triggered the 3rd inductive probe 39 and has sent the induced signal that motors rotate along with the pulled backwards of oil cylinder piston bar 35; Main shaft 2 begins rotation, behind the lathe tool in-position spanner is carried out the car hole operation, after accomplish in the car hole; Positioning cylinder 11 drives locating piece 7 and travels forward, and locating piece 7 arrived on the side of main shaft centring ring 4 before this, along with the rotation of main shaft centring ring 4; Locating piece 7 just is snapped in the locating slot 5 on main shaft centring ring 4 sides, and when locating piece 4 was snapped into locating slot 5, the frizzen 10 that is driven by cylinder piston rod triggered second inductive probe 9; Second inductive probe 9 sends induced signal; Motor 6 stalls, also stop motion of positioning cylinder 11 simultaneously is because locating piece 7 directly is stuck on the main shaft centring ring 4; Main shaft centring ring 4 can be owing to inertia is swung; Main shaft centring ring 4 is fixed together with main shaft 2, so main shaft 2 can not swung yet, it is quite accurate to locate.After main shaft 2 was positioned, the milling cutter of milling cutter system carried out the groove milling operation to spanner, after milling cutter arrives assigned address; Positioning cylinder 11 drives locating piece 7 and withdraws from locating slot 5, drives frizzen 10 simultaneously and triggers first inductive probe, 8 transmission induced signals, and motor 6 starts; Main shaft 2 begins to rotate, and accomplishes the groove milling operation, and positioning cylinder 11 starts then; Accomplish as foregoing main shaft position fixing process, after the main shaft 2 location stalls, drawing cylinder 34 starts; Oil cylinder piston bar 35 drives pull bar 32 forward, and process is a series of and strain opposite transmission process backward, and the jaw 43 on the chuck 26 is just released; The spanner that processes is resigned from office from clamping device, repeat the front afterwards again and begin whole machining process process to the material returned from clamping device from blanking rack 17 blankings.