CN101743817A - Graft modeling method of branches and ears of trees - Google Patents
Graft modeling method of branches and ears of trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN101743817A CN101743817A CN200810162795A CN200810162795A CN101743817A CN 101743817 A CN101743817 A CN 101743817A CN 200810162795 A CN200810162795 A CN 200810162795A CN 200810162795 A CN200810162795 A CN 200810162795A CN 101743817 A CN101743817 A CN 101743817A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a graft modeling method of branches and ears of trees. At present, crown shapes of part of landscape tree species are single, the beauty is lacked, and the ornamental quality is poor. The grafting in vitro of long branches in the conventional grafting is not easy to survive. In the invention, the tree branches without separating from a parent body are used as the branches and ears, the tree branches of homologous strain or homologous heterologous strain are used as stocks to graft and model. The branches and ears which are used in the invention is the whole branches of the trees but not a branch section, and the branches and ears in grafting is not separated from the parent body, the scion and the stock belong to the homologous strain or the homologous adjacent strain. The grafting healing is easy, the survival rate can reach 97 percent to 100 percent. The graft modeling of the invention is unique and beautiful, the landscape ornamental value of garden landscape tree species is increased significantly. The invention is beneficial to the breeding of endangered rare tree species which are difficult to breed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the graft modeling method of trees, especially a kind of amenity forest serves as the branch fringe with the branch of do not exsomatize (maternal plant), grafting is on homophyletic or contiguous different strain trees side shoot of the same race, after waiting to survive healing, cut off a fringe bottom again, make it to break away from parent and hang on graft modeling method on the stock side shoot.
Background technology
Grafting is one of important means of breeding plant.With regard to woody plant, grafting generally is a part such as branch, the bud-leaf etc. with tree nutrition organ (hereditary quality is better), after stripped through cutting off (maternal plant) as scion.By cutting, make that nearer plant (stock) otch of this scion and another affiliation is corresponding, cambium engages.After healing survives, become a new plant.Grafting is according to cambium healing principle and plant affinity principle.Otherwise just be difficult to survive.
Grafting scion main source is a branch, is called a fringe.Branch as each segmentation of scion, will have 2～3 full buds at least after pruning processing, scion length is no more than 10cm usually.Next is a leaf bud, is called the bud fringe.Wherein the grafting method with the branch fringe is maximum, as cut-grafting, cut multiple connection, cleft grafting, be abutted against, crown grafting, butt joint etc.But no matter adopt which kind of method, the position of branch fringe grafting and otch thereof is all at the scion base portion, and the otch of scion and stock also all is down-cutting.
Summary of the invention
The technical assignment of technical problem to be solved by this invention and proposition is single at part landscape seeds crown type, lacks its aesthetic appearance, and sight is relatively poor; And the stripped grafting of long shoot bar in the conventional grafting, the problem that is difficult for surviving, proposing a kind of is scion with the branch, grafting is on trees side shoot of the same race; Scion is not exsomatized before grafting, behind the grafting survival, cuts off and makes it to exsomatize and be suspended on graft modeling method of branches and ears of trees on the stock tree crown, and in order to guaranteeing graft survival rate, the moulding uniqueness can significantly improve the landscape ornamental value of landscape forest.For this reason, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
Graft modeling method of branches and ears of trees is characterized in that: with the tree branches from parent not is a fringe, is that stock carries out graft modeling with homophyletic or different strain tree branches of the same race.Its used branch fringe is the whole branches of trees, but not a branch section, and this fringe is not stripped (maternal plant) when grafting.This scion and stock belong to homophyletic or adjacent strain of the same race (side shoot).
As to further the improving and replenishing of technique scheme, the present invention also comprises following additional technical feature, so that independent or combine arbitrarily and be applied to technique scheme when implementing:
Branch fringe grafting survival, and firmly after the healing, cut off a fringe lower end, make it to break away from maternal plant, be sagging suspension status.
Grafting survival, and firmly after the healing,, the branch fringe is cut off from the following 30cm～50cm of interface, made its lower end disengaging maternal plant in trees dormancy season.
The grafting otch is positioned at a fringe top, and branch fringe and stock interface is cutting from bottom to top all.
Branch fringe front is whittled into the horse ear shape of long 1.5cm～3.0cm, and upper end, the back side is whittled into the long scarf of 0.5cm～0.8cm.
With stock be whittled into one dark reach xylem, adapt with branch fringe otch, length is the vertical section that gos deep into xylem of 1.5cm～3.0cm.
With branch fringe cut alignment stock otch, the two is joined, tightly wrap up with plastic film tape then, adopt non-knot binding.
The time of grafting is when spring, resin just flowed, or in the arboreal growth in autumn do not stop as yet.
With branch fringe lower end cut off exsomatize after, clip wrap fill earth plastic sack with hestening rooting, this moment when cut off on the branch fringe from after, can form new plant, the need of planting are provided.This method can be applicable to the breeding of rare tree species in imminent danger.
Graft modeling method of branches and ears of trees of the present invention and conventional traditional branch fringe grafting method have difference in essence:
(1) the different branch spike length degree of the present invention of scion length are generally at 30cm～50cm; The scion length of conventional branch fringe grafting is 5cm～8cm, and no longer than 10cm, long being difficult for survives.
(2) the scion branch fringe whether stripped the inventive method is adopted not from (mother) body, is waited to survive healing and is exsomatized afterwards again when grafting; The branch fringe that conventional grafting method is adopted has been cut the disengaging parent when grafting, but no longer stripped behind the grafting survival.
(3) the interface position scion that the inventive method adopted that differs, interface is at branch fringe taper; The interface of conventional grafting method connects the bottom at fringe.
(4) the branch fringe and the stock interface of interface cutting difference the inventive method all are bottom-up; The scion and the stock interface of conventional grafting method, cutting direction is just in time opposite, is from the top down.
Graft modeling method of branches and ears of trees of the present invention has following advantage:
1. the grafting healing is easy, and survival rate can reach 97%～100;
2. graft modeling unique and beautiful;
3. obviously improved the landscape ornamental value of gardens landscape seeds;
4. help breeding of some rare tree species in imminent danger of breeding difficulty.
Why graft modeling method of branches and ears of trees has significant effect, be because:
A. the scion that this grafting method adopted is the branch that does not break away from maternal plant, and the scion base portion does not cut, no wound, and scion itself can be not dead; The scion of conventional grafting method, break away from behind the maternal plant could grafting, and the scion base portion must cutting, and wound is arranged, and scion is dead sometimes.
B. this grafting method, scion and stock all are same seeds, or the close seeds of affiliation, based on the affinity principle, healing survives easily;
C. this grafting method adopts rendezvous method, and the cambial contact-making surface of otch is big, based on cambium healing principle, also is easier to survive.
The inventive method when grafting survival, firmly after the healing, when cutting off a fringe bottom, still can survive and grow.This is because branch (connecing) fringe top tip is connecting the stock branch, can pass through main channel (screen casing) fully and supply with organic matter; Meanwhile, branch fringe itself also can be made organic matter.The branch fringe can also pass through secondary channel (conduit), obtains the supply of moisture and inorganic nutriment from the top.Therefore, grafting survival is out of question.In addition, after cut off branch fringe bottom, because organic matter is carried downwards, a part can be gathered in incision, forms callus, if the earth parcel is arranged, just is easy to take root.So can be applicable to breed the rare tree species breeding in imminent danger of difficulty.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: branches and ears of trees graft stock branch and otch thereof.
Fig. 2: branches and ears of trees grafting scion branch and otch thereof.
Fig. 3: branches and ears of trees grafting interface is pricked and is tied up shape.
Fig. 4: hang shape from above after branches and ears of trees grafted branch fringe survives.
Among the figure: 1-stock branch, 2-stock otch, 3-scion otch, 4-scion branch, 5-grafting joint, the place is cut off in 6-branch fringe lower end, 7-trees trunk, the branch fringe hangs shape behind the 8-grafting survival.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
Ginkgo (G.biloba) branch fringe graft modeling
1. overview
5 strains of 10 years living ginkgo landscape trees, 5 of every strain grafted branch fringes (scion), totally 25 branch fringes.
2. branch fringe grafting
In late March, to label every strain ginkgo, each selects 5 branches to make stock, and 5 contiguous branches of homophyletic are scion (branch fringe).Adopt the rendezvous method grafting: a branch fringe interface cuts from bottom to top, prune xylem a little, the front is whittled into and is about 2.0cm～3.0cm horse ear shape, upper end, the back side is whittled into the long scarf (referring to Fig. 2) of 0.5cm～0.8cm.On the stock branch, be whittled into 1 dark xylem that reaches, vertical section corresponding with the branch fringe, the about 2.0cm～3.0cm of length (referring to Fig. 1).Make scion and stock otch close proximity then, with the knotless wrapping of plastic film tape it (referring to Fig. 3).5 strain ginkgo like this are 25 branch fringes of grafting altogether.
Grafting survival and firmly after the healing in October then, is cut off the branch fringe from the following 30cm～40cm of interface.Make a fringe lower end break away from a parent, be suspended under the branch of ginkgo tree crown (referring to Fig. 4).
3. cultivating and managing
With common ginkgo trees.
Present embodiment when check the end of the year then, survives 25 of fringes, survival rate 100%.
Embodiment two
Metasequoia (M.glyptostroboides) branch fringe graft modeling
1. overview
Unboiled water China fir landscape was set 3 strains in 8 years, 10 of every strain grafted branch fringes, totally 30 branch fringes.
2. branch fringe grafting
Each strain metasequoia tree, 5 of tree crown middle part grafted branch fringes, 5 of tree crown bottom branch fringes.The grafting method step is with embodiment one.
3. cultivating and managing
With general metasequoia tree.
Present embodiment survives 29 branch fringes, survival rate 96.7% altogether
Embodiment three
The branch fringe propagation by grafiting of kudingcha (I.latifollia)
1. overview
Folium llicis Latifoliae living treelet 20 strains in 5 years, 5 of every strain grafted branch fringes, the branch fringe is 100 altogether.
2. branch fringe grafting
The first tenday period of a month in April, autoplastic graft 15 strains, 75 branch fringes; 25 of contiguous different strain branch fringe graftings.The grafting method step is with embodiment one.
Behind the grafting survival, in early October then, a branch fringe that survives is cut off from the following 30cm of interface, otch is wanted smoothly.Then wrap the plastic sack (being different from propagation by layering) that fills earth, promote otch to produce callus and Xin Gen.To late October next year, again each is suspended on the fringe that survives under the stock branch, cut off near interface from taper.Plant then in nursery lot, grow up to new plant.
3. cultivating and managing
Except general cultivating and managing, the plastic sack mud of palpus clip place, regular check branch fringe bottom wrapping, whether dry, add water in good time.
Present embodiment is total to 100 branch fringes of grafting, viablity 100%; After otch bag mud is taken root, cut transplanting again, planting percent reaches 98%.
Claims (9)
1. graft modeling method of branches and ears of trees is characterized in that: with the tree branches from parent not is a fringe, is that stock carries out graft modeling with homophyletic or different strain tree branches of the same race.
2. graft modeling method of branches and ears of trees according to claim 1 is characterized in that a fringe grafting survival, and firmly after the healing, cuts off a fringe lower end, makes it to break away from maternal plant, is sagging suspension status.
3. graft modeling method of branches and ears of trees according to claim 2 is characterized in that grafting survival, and firmly after the healing, in trees dormancy season, the branch fringe is cut off from the following 30cm～50cm of interface, makes its lower end disengaging maternal plant.
4. graft modeling method of branches and ears of trees according to claim 1 is characterized in that the grafting otch is positioned at a fringe top, and branch fringe and stock interface is cutting from bottom to top all.
5. graft modeling method of branches and ears of trees according to claim 4 is characterized in that a fringe front is whittled into the horse ear shape of long 1.5cm～3.0cm, and upper end, the back side is whittled into the long scarf of 0.5cm～0.8cm.
6. according to claim 4 or 5 described graft modeling method of branches and ears of trees, it is characterized in that with stock be whittled into one dark reach xylem, adapt with branch fringe otch, length is the vertical section that gos deep into xylem of 1.5cm～3.0cm.
7. graft modeling method of branches and ears of trees according to claim 1 is characterized in that the two being joined branch fringe cut alignment stock otch, tightly wraps up with plastic film tape then, adopts non-knot binding.
8. graft modeling method of branches and ears of trees according to claim 1 is characterized in that time of grafting, is when spring, resin just flowed, or in the arboreal growth in autumn do not stop as yet.
9. graft modeling method of branches and ears of trees according to claim 1, it is characterized in that with branch fringe lower end cut off exsomatize after, wrap the plastic sack that fills earth at clip.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200810162795A CN101743817A (en) | 2008-12-11 | 2008-12-11 | Graft modeling method of branches and ears of trees |
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| CN200810162795A CN101743817A (en) | 2008-12-11 | 2008-12-11 | Graft modeling method of branches and ears of trees |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102599010A (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2012-07-25 | 常熟市佳盛农业科技发展有限公司 | Reusable tape special for fruit tree grafting |
| CN103081724A (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2013-05-08 | 西北农林科技大学 | Persimmon tree grafting method |
| CN103125334A (en) * | 2013-01-17 | 2013-06-05 | 戴新华 | Method for planting fruit trees which are connected piece by piece |
| CN103749161A (en) * | 2014-02-13 | 2014-04-30 | 杜林峰 | Geometric grafting method for landscaping tree |
| CN104221695A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2014-12-24 | 浙江百花园林集团有限公司 | Method for shaping tree head of landscape tree |
| CN105191674A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2015-12-30 | 单亚平 | Grafting selection method for sugar sorghum and sugarcane |
| CN111011036A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-04-17 | 韦智敏 | Method for artificially modeling roots and branches of plants |
| CN114698478A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-07-05 | 四川洪光农业开发有限责任公司 | Method for balancing nutrition of congeneric plants |
| CN114793658A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-07-29 | 北京市陶然亭公园管理处 | Method for breeding Chinese flowering crabapple by high-altitude pressure bar grafting after bare-rooted branch shaping |
-
2008
- 2008-12-11 CN CN200810162795A patent/CN101743817A/en active Pending
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102599010A (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2012-07-25 | 常熟市佳盛农业科技发展有限公司 | Reusable tape special for fruit tree grafting |
| CN103081724A (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2013-05-08 | 西北农林科技大学 | Persimmon tree grafting method |
| CN103125334A (en) * | 2013-01-17 | 2013-06-05 | 戴新华 | Method for planting fruit trees which are connected piece by piece |
| CN103749161A (en) * | 2014-02-13 | 2014-04-30 | 杜林峰 | Geometric grafting method for landscaping tree |
| CN103749161B (en) * | 2014-02-13 | 2016-01-20 | 杜林峰 | A kind of geometry grafting method of ornamental and afforestation trees |
| CN104221695A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2014-12-24 | 浙江百花园林集团有限公司 | Method for shaping tree head of landscape tree |
| CN105191674A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2015-12-30 | 单亚平 | Grafting selection method for sugar sorghum and sugarcane |
| CN105191674B (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2018-06-22 | 单亚平 | The grafting selection of sweet tea bar and sugarcane |
| CN111011036A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-04-17 | 韦智敏 | Method for artificially modeling roots and branches of plants |
| CN114793658A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-07-29 | 北京市陶然亭公园管理处 | Method for breeding Chinese flowering crabapple by high-altitude pressure bar grafting after bare-rooted branch shaping |
| CN114793658B (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2024-02-06 | 北京市陶然亭公园管理处 | Method for breeding crabapple by high-altitude layering grafting after shaping of bare branches |
| CN114698478A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-07-05 | 四川洪光农业开发有限责任公司 | Method for balancing nutrition of congeneric plants |
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Open date: 20100623 |