CN101743142A - 混合动力系统的操作方法以及具有两辅助齿轮装置的混合动力系统 - Google Patents
混合动力系统的操作方法以及具有两辅助齿轮装置的混合动力系统 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101743142A CN101743142A CN200780053755A CN200780053755A CN101743142A CN 101743142 A CN101743142 A CN 101743142A CN 200780053755 A CN200780053755 A CN 200780053755A CN 200780053755 A CN200780053755 A CN 200780053755A CN 101743142 A CN101743142 A CN 101743142A
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Abstract
一种汽车用的混合动力系统的操作方法,所述混合动力系统具有第一发动机(11),尤其是内燃机;以及第二发动机(12),尤其是电动机;所述混合动力系统包括第一换挡辅助齿轮装置(15),所述第一换挡辅助齿轮装置具有输入轴(17),所述输入轴可通过第一组换挡齿轮对(41/51,42/52,43/53,44/54)与输出轴(28)耦合,其中所述输入轴(17)可与第一发动机(11)耦合;第二换挡辅助齿轮装置(16),所述第二换挡辅助齿轮装置具有输入轴(18),所述输入轴可通过第二组换挡齿轮对(45/51,46/52,47/53,48/54)与输出轴(28)耦合,其中所述输入轴(18)相对于驱动器与第二发动机(12)连接;其中通过在自所述输入轴(17,18)之一流到输出轴的动力中转换个别的换挡齿轮对,使若干齿轮起作用,而其它齿轮则通过在动力自所述输入轴(17,18)之一借助于另一所述输入轴(18,17)流到输出轴(28)的动力中串联连接至少两换挡齿轮对而起作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种汽车用的混合动力系统的操作方法以及一种混合动力系统,所述混合动力系统具有第一发动机,尤其是内燃机;以及第二发动机,尤其是电动机。本发明不排除其它类型的发动机。例如,可以第一和第二发动机的形式提供两电动机,或者除了以内燃机作为第一发动机之外,可用液压发动机作为第二发动机。
背景技术
对于某些驱动循环,具有类型非常不同的混合动力驱动的车辆比只用内燃机驱动的车辆含有更有利的油耗性能。因此,它们在市场上变得越来越重要。
如果用电动机作为第二发动机,则其可用作为马达和发电机。如果其具有包含以电池作为电源的马达的功能,其就可用来启动内燃机,或者可将其用作为驱动马达。如果将其用作为发电机,其可为电池充电,而能量可得自内燃机或通过回收汽车的动能。
业已有人叙述了混合动力驱动系统,例如在WO2005/073005A1、DE 100 49514 A1以及DE 198 18 108 A1中的叙述。
根据DE 199 60 621 A1,已知一种汽车用的具有机械齿轮箱的混合式驱动器,所述机械齿轮箱包括可选择地与内燃机和/或电动机可传动地连接的第一可转换辅助齿轮装置;以及与可驱动作为电动马达或发电机的电动机传动地连接的第二可转换辅助齿轮装置。第一辅助齿轮装置设有第一副轴和一输出轴,并包括六挡齿轮排挡。第二辅助齿轮装置设有第二副轴和相同的输出轴,其包括三挡齿轮排挡。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的在于提出一种混合动力系统的操作方法,其容许简化的结构;以及一种混合动力驱动系统,其特征在于,相对于可用的齿轮排挡的数量而言其设计较为简单。更具体地说,本发明的目的在于实现可将系统横向地设置于汽车中的紧凑设计。
该目的可通过提供一种汽车用的混合动力系统的操作方法来达成,所述混合动力系统具有第一发动机,尤其是内燃机;以及第二发动机,尤其是电动机;所述混合动力系统包括:
第一换挡辅助齿轮装置,所述第一换挡辅助齿轮装置具有一输入轴,所述输入轴可通过第一组换挡齿轮对与一输出轴耦合,其中所述输入轴可与第一发动机耦合;
第二换挡辅助齿轮装置,所述第二换挡辅助齿轮装置具有一输入轴,所述输入轴可通过第二组换挡齿轮对与所述输出轴耦合,其中所述输入轴与第二发动机传动地连接;
所述系统的特征在于:藉由在自所述输入轴之一流到输出轴的动力中转换个别的换挡齿轮对,使若干齿轮起作用;而其它齿轮则藉由在自所述输入轴之一通过另一所述输入轴流到输出轴的动力中串联连接至少两换挡齿轮对而起作用。
此外,该目的可通过提供一种汽车用的混合动力系统的操作方法来达成,所述混合动力系统具有第一发动机,尤其是内燃机;以及第二发动机,尤其是电动机;所述混合动力系统包括:
第一换挡辅助齿轮装置,所述第一换挡辅助齿轮装置具有一输入轴,所述输入轴可通过第一组换挡齿轮对与一输出轴耦合,其中所述输入轴可与第一发动机耦合;
第二换挡辅助齿轮装置,所述第二换挡辅助齿轮装置具有一输入轴,所述输入轴可通过第二组换挡齿轮对与所述输出轴耦合,其中所述输入轴与第二发动机传动地连接;
所述系统的特征在于:通过仅仅转换个别的换挡齿轮对,实现从第一驱动轴与输出轴之间的耦合状态以及在第二驱动轴与输出轴之间的耦合状态进行的转换。
本发明限定,在两发动机皆在使用时,仍可进行换挡而不会发生牵引中断,其中两发动机的在不同齿轮排挡之间的换挡可在不同的驱动速度下进行,任选地,可以交替地进行。
最后,该目的可通过提供一种汽车用的混合动力系统来达成,所述混合动力系统具有第一发动机,尤其是内燃机;以及第二发动机,尤其是电动机;所述混合动力系统包括:
第一换挡辅助齿轮装置,所述第一换挡辅助齿轮装置具有一输入轴,所述输入轴可通过第一组换挡齿轮对与输出轴耦合,其中所述输入轴可与第一发动机耦合;
第二换挡辅助齿轮装置,所述第二换挡辅助齿轮装置具有一输入轴,所述输入轴可通过第二组换挡齿轮对与所述输出轴耦合,其中所述输入轴与第二发动机传动地连接;
所述系统的特征在于:至少两换挡齿轮对的每一对皆由两可转换的游滑齿轮构成,所述游滑齿轮与其各自的轴可通过转换器件耦合。
本发明的解决方案的基本部分包括通过提供两辅助齿轮装置来构成所用的齿轮箱,所述辅助齿轮装置的齿轮排挡:部分地由常规型的齿轮排挡构成,其中换挡齿轮对将输入轴直接连接到输出轴;以及部分地由以下齿轮排挡构成,其中转矩最初从输入轴通过输出轴上的自由转动的游滑齿轮传递到第二输入轴,然后,一对换挡齿轮将所述第二输入轴直接地连接到输出轴。
通过有目的地按次序地断开和接通内燃机的摩擦联轴节以及适应性地按次序地启动不同齿轮的转换单元,就有可能以无牵引中断的方式彼此相对地转换齿轮。所述启动类型的决定性特征在于在发明的齿轮箱组件内,待转换的器件(转换联轴节,转换单元)可以总是断开的,同时至少一传动装置,无论是电动机或内燃机,是以传递转矩的方式与输出轴连接。在转换过程中,待转换器件的速度可通过控制电动机和内燃机而调适。照常,内燃机的摩擦联轴节使内燃机可进行滑动连接。
作为选择电动机和内燃机的排列配置的结果,在两发动机皆在工作时可增加转矩值。正如下文所说明,可以从电动机开始以及在再生回收模式中使用电动机作为发电机。
更多有利的实施例在权利要求中列出,其内容在此结合作为参考。
以下将再次列出本发明主题的基本特征和优势:
在换挡时不会中断牵引力,即当操作一或多个转换器件时,至少一发动机可以继续将转矩传送到输出轴,虽然,视乎传动比,该功能不会存在于所有可能的转换顺序中。
可以纯电力驱动。
可用电动机启动内燃机。
可在用电动机以纯电力驱动汽车时启动内燃机。
可达到转换过程的主动同步。
可提供增压加速操作,即短暂开启电动机。
可实现再生回收,即在汽车制动时通过电动机回收能量。
可在汽车静止时操作空调压缩机。
可在电动机故障(故障保险)时保持自动手动传动(AMT)。
可通过使用高效率的传统齿轮箱(机械变速箱)实现高效率的油耗优化的转换策略,从而节省燃油。
可视乎所选择的转换器件和摩擦联轴节而无需齿轮箱液压系统。
为了实现非混合动力齿轮箱的变型,电动机的尺寸可大为缩小。其然后可继续用作为起动器,也可用于起止式操作,用作发电机或用于主动地使齿轮箱同步。在有限程度上,还可以进行增压加速操作,即电动辅助驱动,和还可以进行再生回收操作,即回收电能。
相比于最初所提类型的现有技术齿轮箱,在某些转换条件下,通过串联连接若干换挡齿轮对,还可提供额外的齿轮排挡,并且在保持相同数目的齿轮排挡下,可以降低机械复杂性(轴的数量,转换器件数量,齿轮数量),尤其是对于具有横置发动机的前轮驱动汽车的齿轮箱而言。
可完全地排除独立的用于连接输入轴的耦合部件,连接输入轴所用的仍是换挡齿轮对。
附图说明
在下文对附图的叙述中,会详述上文所示的不同的操作状况。
以下将叙述附图所示的本发明的两较佳实施例。
图1所示为本发明的混合动力系统的齿轮箱的第一实施例在空挡时的示意图。
图2所示为根据图1的齿轮箱在以第一排挡启动和驱动汽车时的示意图。
图3所示为根据图1的齿轮箱在转换成第二排挡时的示意图。
图4所示为根据图1的齿轮箱在将电动机转换成较高排挡时的示意图。
图5所示为根据图1的齿轮箱在从第二排挡转换成第三排挡时的示意图。
图6所示为根据图1的齿轮箱在从第三排挡转换成第四排挡时的示意图。
图7所示为根据图1的齿轮箱在从第四排挡转换成第五排挡时的示意图。
图8所示为根据图1的齿轮箱在将电动机转换成较高排挡时的示意图。
图9所示为根据图1的齿轮箱在从第五排挡转换成第六排挡时的示意图。
图10所示为根据图1的齿轮箱在从第六排挡转换成第七排挡时的示意图。
图11所示为根据图1的齿轮箱在通过电动机EM启动和驱动时的示意图。
图12所示为根据图1的齿轮箱在用电力驱动汽车时通过电动机EM启动内燃机CE时的示意图。
图13所示为根据图1的齿轮箱在汽车静止时通过电动机EM启动内燃机CE时的示意图。
图14所示为根据图1的齿轮箱在汽车静止时驱动压缩机的示意图。
图15所示为本发明的混合动力系统的齿轮箱的第二变型实施例在空挡时的示意图。
图16所示为本发明的混合动力系统的齿轮箱的第三变型实施例在空挡时的示意图。
图17所示为本发明的混合动力系统的齿轮箱的第四变型实施例的立体示意图。
图18所示为顾及不同齿轮排挡的齿轮箱的示意图。
图19所示为两发动机的转矩曲线作为其各自速度的函数的示意图。
图20所示为发动机的速度以及驱动轴转矩值作为汽车速度的函数的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1所示为本发明的混合动力系统的齿轮箱的第一实施例。原则上,下文中的图1的叙述也适用于图2至图14,其示出根据图1的齿轮箱的不同的转换状况;更大体地说,还适用于图15和16,其示出本发明的混合动力系统的齿轮箱的第二和第三实施例。
在图中所示的混合动力系统,其包括主发动机11,在该情况下采用内燃机CE形式;副发动机12,在该情况下采用电动机EM的形式;以及辅助动力消除机13,在该情况下采用空调系统A/C压缩机的形式。通过将可设置成湿式联轴节或干式联轴节的摩擦联轴节14作为启动器件,内燃机11可与齿轮箱耦合。该齿轮箱包括两换挡辅助齿轮装置15,16,其特征在于,每一换挡辅助齿轮装置包括一输入轴17,18。第一换挡辅助齿轮装置15的输入轴17可通过摩擦联轴节14与内燃机11耦合,而第二换挡辅助齿轮装置16的输入轴18则与电动机12固定地耦合。辅助动力消除机13也与第一换挡辅助齿轮装置15的输入轴17固定地耦合。输入轴17通过四对齿轮对41/51,42/52,43/53,44/54与输出轴28耦合。输入轴18也通过四对齿轮对45/51,46/52,47/53,48/54与输出轴28耦合。通过传动排挡(未示出),输出轴28可与汽车轴的差动传动连接。在换挡辅助齿轮装置15中,在输入轴17上的齿轮41,42,43,44以及与其合作的在输出轴28上的齿轮51,52,53,54全部皆为转换齿轮,其中齿轮41,42共用第一转换单元A,而齿轮43,44则共用第二转换单元B。此外,根据本发明,输出轴28上的齿轮51,52也为转换齿轮,其由第三转换单元C启动。
在第二换挡辅助齿轮装置16中,齿轮44,46为固定轮,其与输出轴28上的齿轮51,52构成齿轮对,后面的齿轮51,52为转换齿轮,其通过转换单元C联合地转换。在另一方面,在第二输入轴18上的齿轮47,48连同输出轴28上的齿轮53,54所构成的齿轮对为转换齿轮,其通过第四转换单元D转换。齿轮48通过中间齿轮49作用于齿轮54,使该组齿轮适合构成倒档齿轮R。
通过提供两齿轮皆为转换齿轮的齿轮对,就有可能在一方面通过包含换挡辅助齿轮装置15和换挡辅助齿轮装置16来实现普通换挡以驱动汽车,并在另一方面可以串联两换挡辅助齿轮装置15,16的传动排挡,以便增加齿轮箱的有效排挡数目。
图2所示为通过使用两发动机CE,EM以第一排挡前向驱动的转换状况。其中接通摩擦联轴节14。转换器件A向右位移。至于内燃机11,其中通过使用齿轮42,52和46以及将转矩自第一输入轴传导至第二输入轴18来提供第一排挡,而通过将转换器件D向左位移可啮合电动机的第一排挡。作为齿轮47和53合作的结果,两发动机皆驱动输出轴28。齿轮52作为中间齿轮在输出轴28上自由转动。如果转换器件A向左位移,会使内燃机11产生长的第一排挡1L,不过其间距会太密。
图3所示为再次使用两发动机CE,EM从上述的内燃机11的第一排挡转变为第二排挡的过程。其中接通摩擦联轴节14。在第二辅助齿轮装置16中,藉由将转换器件D留在左手位置,通过配对齿轮47,53可保持电动机12的第一排挡,以致于第一辅助齿轮装置15可以切换而不会使牵引力中断。在摩擦联轴节14断开后,转换器件A移入中间位置,而转换器件B则向左位移,以致齿轮43,45变成生效起作用。在摩擦联轴节14接通后,内燃机11处于内燃机的第二排挡。
图4所示为准备下一排挡变化的转换状况,此外,转换器件B是向左位移,以致于当摩擦联轴节14接通时,通过有效地配对齿轮43,53,就可形成内燃机11的第二排挡。在另一方面,转换器件D移向中间位置,以使第二辅助齿轮装置16的第一排挡断开。电动机12就可预先同步下一排挡,随后,转换器件C向左位移,使电动机12通过有效起作用的齿轮对45,51来驱动输出轴28,构成电动机的第四排挡。在该范例中,跳过了排挡EM2和EM3。
图5所示为使用两发动机从内燃机11的第二排挡到第三排挡的过渡。其中接通摩擦联轴节14。此外,在第二辅助齿轮装置16中,通过配对齿轮45,51来啮合电动机12的第四排挡,这样,在第一辅助齿轮装置15中,可在输出轴28进行换挡而不会中断牵引力。在摩擦联轴节14断开后,转换器件B转移到中间位置,而转换器件A则向右位移。摩擦联轴节14会再一次接通。从而构成内燃机11的第三排挡,其使齿轮42,52合作,以便将转矩从第一输入轴17传递到第二输入轴18。该中间齿轮52与输出轴28分离。
图6所示为在内燃机11驱动中从第三排挡到第四排挡的过渡。其中接通摩擦联轴节14。第二辅助齿轮装置16保持在其第四排挡先前所处于的位置上,转换器件C向左位移,而在第二输入轴18和输出轴28之间的齿轮对45,51维持起作用。从先前显示的位置开始,转换器件A(在摩擦联轴节断开后)从右向左位移,以致于齿轮41,51也耦合,它们构成内燃机11的第四排挡。随后,摩擦联轴节14再次接通。
图7所示为在内燃机11的传动系统中从第四排挡到第五排挡的过渡,而电动机12的驱动会继续维持在第二辅助齿轮装置的第四排挡,以便可在不中断牵引力下进行转换,即转换器件C继续向左位移,以便将转矩从第二输入轴18传递到在电动机第四排挡中的输出轴28。在摩擦联轴节断开后,转换器件A从先前的向左位移转移到中间位置,以使齿轮41与输入轴17分离。同时,转换器件B向右位移,以使齿轮44与输入轴17固接。结果,齿轮对44,54变成有效,并构成内燃机驱动的第五排挡。随后,摩擦联轴节14再次接通。
图8所示为如何准备内燃机11驱动中的下一排挡变化,电动机12的驱动作出改变,其中转换器件C从左边首先转移到中间位置以便断开第二辅助齿轮装置16的第四排挡。电动机可以预先同步第二辅助齿轮装置16的第四排挡。随后,转换器件C向右位移。结果,在电动机12的驱动中的齿轮对46,52变成有效,并构成第二辅助齿轮装置的第七排挡,即电动机的第七排挡,而内燃机11的驱动则保持前述的齿轮对44,54比例。在该范例中,跳过了排挡EM5和EM6。
图9所示为在保持由齿轮对46,52构成的电动机12的第七排挡的同时,即转换器件C向右位移时,如何在内燃机11的驱动中进行换挡。在该情况下,摩擦联轴节14最初是断开的。在先前向右位移的转换器件B转移到中间位置,而转换器件A则向右位移。这样,齿轮42与其输入轴17耦合,以便通过齿轮对42,52从输入轴17至输出轴28实现驱动,所述齿轮对42,52构成内燃机11的第六排挡。最后,摩擦联轴节14再次接通。
图10所示为在保持用于电动机12驱动的第二辅助齿轮装置16中的转换位置的同时,即保持由配对齿轮46,52构成的第七排挡的同时,如何在内燃机11驱动中向第七排挡转移。为此,先前向右位移的转换器件A在摩擦联轴节断开后向左位移。齿轮42与输入轴分离,而齿轮41则与输入轴17连接。配对的齿轮41,51因而耦合,但由于齿轮51与输出轴28分离,在摩擦联轴节14接通后,转矩通过该组齿轮41,51,45从第一输入轴17传到第二输入轴18,该第二输入轴18现在通过耦合的齿轮对46,52,以内燃机的第七排挡驱动输出轴28。
图11所示为可实现电动机12中的电力驱动或能量回收的转换状况;其中通过断开摩擦联轴节14使内燃机11断开,并通过将转换器件A,B,C转到中间位置,使转矩不能从第一输入轴17转到第二输入轴18。只有转换器件D向左位移,作为其结果,齿轮47与输入轴18耦合以及齿轮对47,53构成第二辅助齿轮装置16中的第一排挡。而传动比为1∶2.34。
图12所示为从前述的第二辅助齿轮装置16中的状况开始,即从在耦合的第一排挡中的状况开始,其中通过接通摩擦联轴节14和使转换器件B向左位移来使电动机驱动实现驱动,如何通过利用第二排挡来启动内燃机。不过,内燃机11也可以通过利用第一辅助齿轮装置15的第一排挡或第五排挡来启动。为此,转换器件A,B,C将必须转移到前述的与前向驱动相关的附图所示的位置上。
图13所示为如何通过电动机12来启动内燃机。转换器件C在中间位置,以便释放输出轴28,而齿轮51则只充当在齿轮45和齿轮41之间的中间齿轮。通过使转换器件A向左位移和转换,齿轮41与输入轴17耦合,以使可通过接通摩擦联轴节14来启动内燃机11。
图14所示为当汽车静止时通过电动机12用电来驱动空调压缩机13的转换状况。通过断开摩擦联轴节14,内燃机11与输入轴17分离。通过将转换器件C位移到中间位置,输出轴28也会分离,所以齿轮51只会构成在位于第二输入轴18上的齿轮45和位于第一输入轴17上的齿轮41之间的中间齿轮。通过将转换器件A向左位移,所述齿轮41与第一输入轴17耦合,其中空调压缩机13固设在第一输入轴之上。可以想到的是,转换器件A可向右位移,在该情况下,有可能以同样的方式,在输出轴继续断开下,通过齿轮46,52,42实现从第二输入轴18到第一输入轴17的传动,以便驱动空调压缩机13。
图15所示为根据图1的齿轮箱的变型实施例,而所示的所有转换器件A,B,C,D再一次处于中间位置。图15偏离图1之处在于,第一发动机的摩擦联轴节的输出端相对于通过齿轮对21,31的驱动与第一输入轴17连接,而第二发动机12则相对于通过齿轮对22/32的驱动与第二输入轴连接18,而辅助动力消除机13则相对于通过齿轮对23,33的驱动与第一驱动轴17连接。最后,输出轴28通过齿轮对24,34与输出轴38连接。所有其余细节都与图1的相对应。
图16所示为根据图1的齿轮箱的变型实施例,再一次,所示的所有转换器件A,B,C,D皆处于中间位置。在该图所示的实施例中,所有齿轮与先前附图的背离之处在于,其以实际的尺寸比示出,以说明个别齿轮对的不同的传动比,所述传动比在图中给出。在该情况下,构成输出轴上的转换齿轮的齿轮51,52以双齿轮51a,51b,52a,52b的形式提供,其具有不同大小的齿,在一方面与第一辅助齿轮装置15的齿轮41,42啮合,而在另一方面则与第二辅助齿轮装置16的齿轮45,46啮合。
在该种配置构型中,可通过分布(spread)为5.23的八个前向齿轮和两个倒档齿轮从内燃机11实现驱动。
图17所示为齿轮箱的另一变型实施例的立体结构。图中可以看到第一输入轴17,第二输入轴18和输出轴28的三维配置,在截面图中构成三角形;还可见在第一输入轴17上的两个转换单元A,B;在第二输入轴18上的转换单元D以及在输出轴28上的转换单元C。内燃机的飞轮和联轴节14相对于第一输入轴17同轴地设置,而电动机12则相对于驱动通过齿轮22和中间齿轮35与齿轮45直接连接,从而以固定传动比与输入轴18连接。最后,通过一在图中不可见的齿轮,输出轴28作用于齿轮34,其直接定位在输出的差速器39上。
图18所示为示出内燃机速度作为汽车速度和个别排挡的传动比的函数的图表。对于内燃机而言,可达到6.71的分布,而对于电动机,分布则为5.23。
图19所示为以图形和列表的数字示出内燃机和电动机的转矩曲线作为其各自的发动机速度的函数的示意图。
列表和图形的重要性相同。
图20所示为发动机的速度以及车轮转矩作为汽车速度的函数的示意图。此外,其示出汽车阻力作为汽车速度的函数。
应该明白还可以不同的方式转换发动机11,12。
附图标记表
11 内燃机
12 电动机
13 空调压缩机
14 摩擦联轴节
15 第一换挡辅助齿轮装置
16 第二换挡辅助齿轮装置
17 第一输入轴
18 第二输入轴
21 齿轮
22 齿轮
23 齿轮
24 齿轮
28 输出轴
31 齿轮
32 齿轮
33 齿轮
34 齿轮
38 输出轴
39 差速器
41 齿轮(转换齿轮)
42 齿轮(转换齿轮)
43 齿轮(转换齿轮)
44 齿轮(转换齿轮)
45 齿轮(转换齿轮)
46 齿轮(转换齿轮)
47 齿轮(转换齿轮)
48 齿轮(转换齿轮)
49 齿轮(转换齿轮)
51 齿轮(转换齿轮)
52 齿轮(转换齿轮)
53 齿轮(固定齿轮)
54 齿轮(固定齿轮)
A 转换器件
B 转换器件
C 转换器件
D 转换器件
Claims (14)
1.一种汽车用的混合动力系统的操作方法,所述混合动力系统具有第一发动机(11),尤其是内燃机;以及第二发动机(12),尤其是电动机;所述混合动力系统包括
第一换挡辅助齿轮装置(15),所述第一换挡辅助齿轮装置具有一输入轴(17),所述输入轴可通过第一组换挡齿轮对(41/51,42/52,43/53,44/54)与一输出轴(28)耦合,其中所述输入轴(17)可与第一发动机(11)耦合;
第二换挡辅助齿轮装置(16),所述第二换挡辅助齿轮装置具有一输入轴(18),所述输入轴可通过第二组换挡齿轮对(45/51,46/52,47/53,48/54)与所述输出轴(28)耦合,其中所述输入轴(18)与第二发动机(12)传动地连接;
其特征在于
藉由在自所述输入轴(17,18)之一流到输出轴(28)的动力中转换个别的换挡齿轮对使若干齿轮起作用,而其它齿轮则藉由在动力自所述输入轴(17,18)之一通过另一所述输入轴(18,17)流到输出轴(28)时串联连接至少两对换挡齿轮对而起作用。
2.一种汽车用的混合动力系统的操作方法,所述混合动力系统具有第一发动机(11),尤其是内燃机;以及第二发动机(12),尤其是电动机;所述混合动力系统包括
第一换挡辅助齿轮装置(15),所述第一换挡辅助齿轮装置具有一输入轴(17),所述输入轴可通过第一组换挡齿轮对(41/51,42/52,43/53,44/54)与一输出轴(28)耦合,其中所述输入轴(17)可与第一发动机(11)耦合;
第二换挡辅助齿轮装置(16),所述第二换挡辅助齿轮装置具有一输入轴(18),所述输入轴可通过第二组换挡齿轮对(45/51,46/52,47/53,48/54)与所述输出轴(28)耦合,其中所述输入轴(18)与第二发动机(12)传动地连接;
其特征在于
通过仅仅转换个别的换挡齿轮对(41/51,42/52),实现从第一主动轴(17)与输出轴(28)之间的耦合状态以及第二主动轴(18)与输出轴(28)之间的耦合状态进行的转换。
3.一种汽车用的混合动力系统,所述混合动力系统具有第一发动机(11),尤其是内燃机;以及第二发动机(12),尤其是电动机;所述混合动力系统包括
第一换挡辅助齿轮装置(15),所述第一换挡辅助齿轮装置具有一输入轴(17),所述输入轴可通过第一组换挡齿轮对(41/51,42/52,43/53,44/54)与一输出轴(28)耦合,其中所述输入轴(17)可与第一发动机(11)耦合;
第二换挡辅助齿轮装置(16),所述第二换挡辅助齿轮装置具有一输入轴(18),所述输入轴可通过第二组换挡齿轮对(45/51,46/52,47/53,48/54)与所述输出轴(28)耦合,其中所述输入轴(18)与第二发动机(12)传动地连接;
其特征在于
至少两对换挡齿轮对(41/51,42/52)的每一对皆由两个可转换的游滑齿轮构成,所述游滑齿轮与其各自的轴可通过转换器件(A,C)耦合。
4.根据权利要求3所述的混合动力系统,其特征在于:
完全由第一换挡辅助齿轮装置(15)中的可转换游滑齿轮构成的所述两对换挡齿轮对(41/51,42/52)设置在第一输入轴(17)和输出轴(28)之上。
5.根据权利要求3或4所述的混合动力系统,其特征在于:
在第一输入轴(17)上只设有可转换游滑齿轮(41,42,43,44)。
6.根据权利要求3至5中任一项所述的混合动力系统,其特征在于:
在第二换挡辅助齿轮装置(16)中只设有由与其轴连接的固定齿轮以及可与其轴连接的游滑齿轮构成的换挡齿轮对。
7.根据权利要求6所述的混合动力系统,其特征在于:
在第二换挡辅助齿轮装置(16)中,在第二输入轴(18)上设有两个可转换的游滑齿轮(47,48)以及在输出轴(28)上设有两个可转换的游滑齿轮(51,52)。
8.根据权利要求3至7中任一项所述的混合动力系统,其特征在于:
第一发动机(11)可通过摩擦联轴节(14)与第一输入轴(17)耦合。
9.根据权利要求3至8中任一项所述的混合动力系统,其特征在于:
第二发动机(12)直接设置在第二输入轴(18)上。
10.根据权利要求3至9中任一项所述的混合动力系统,其特征在于:
动力消除机(13),更具体地说为空调压缩机,设置在其中一个输入轴(17,18)上。
11.根据权利要求3至8和10中任一项所述的混合动力系统,其特征在于:
第二发动机(12)通过传动排挡(22/32)或链条传动或皮带传动与第二输入轴(18)传动地连接。
12.根据权利要求3至9和11中任一项所述的混合动力系统,其特征在于:
动力消除机(13),更具体地说为空调压缩机,通过传动排挡(23/33)或通过链条传动或皮带传动与其中一个输入轴(17,18)传动地连接。
13.根据权利要求3至12中任一项所述的混合动力系统,其特征在于:
两输入轴(17,18)和输出轴(28)相互平行地设置。
14.根据权利要求3至13中任一项所述的混合动力系统,其特征在于:
其中一个换挡辅助齿轮装置(15,16)包括倒档齿轮。
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CN2007800537556A Active CN101743142B (zh) | 2007-05-14 | 2007-08-25 | 混合动力系统的操作方法以及具有两辅助齿轮装置的混合动力系统 |
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EP (1) | EP2144777B1 (zh) |
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- 2007-08-25 EP EP07801896.7A patent/EP2144777B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2007-08-25 CN CN2007800537556A patent/CN101743142B/zh active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2008138387A1 (de) | 2008-11-20 |
EP2144777A1 (de) | 2010-01-20 |
US20100311540A1 (en) | 2010-12-09 |
CN101743142B (zh) | 2013-07-17 |
US8979693B2 (en) | 2015-03-17 |
JP2010526710A (ja) | 2010-08-05 |
JP2012122614A (ja) | 2012-06-28 |
EP2144777B1 (de) | 2017-03-01 |
JP5453467B2 (ja) | 2014-03-26 |
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