CN101723760B - Special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling disease of ginger and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling disease of ginger and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN101723760B
CN101723760B CN2009102556069A CN200910255606A CN101723760B CN 101723760 B CN101723760 B CN 101723760B CN 2009102556069 A CN2009102556069 A CN 2009102556069A CN 200910255606 A CN200910255606 A CN 200910255606A CN 101723760 B CN101723760 B CN 101723760B
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parts
organic
inorganic compound
compound fertilizer
preparation
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CN101723760A (en
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姜兴民
李涛
张�诚
孙应胜
李大刚
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SHANDONG GUANGDA FERTILIZER TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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SHANDONG GUANGDA FERTILIZER TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling diseases of gingers and a preparation method thereof. The special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is prepared from fermented and rotten organics, inorganic fertilizers and pesticides, wherein the fermented and rotten organics are prepared from 50-60 parts by weight of furfural residues, 18-25 parts by weight of cake meals and 20-25 parts by weight of turf by the steps of adding 1-2 parts by weight of microbial fermentation bactericides for piling fermentation and drying till the content of water is 30-50 percent by weight. The special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for the gingers has nutrient content fitting the nutrient demand of the gingers and a disease prevention function, is subjected to field tests and has good effect.

Description

A kind of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special of preventing and treating disease of ginger and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of organic and inorganic compound fertilizer of preventing and treating disease of ginger, what be particularly related to organism, inorganic fertilizer and pesticide producing that a kind of utilization becomes thoroughly decomposed prevents and treats Da Jiang organic and inorganic compound fertilizer of soil-borne disease and preparation method thereof, belongs to the fertilizer production technology field.
Background technology
China is major country of production and the export State of Da Jiang in the world.In recent years, along with the increase of the continuous cropping time limit, the soil-borne disease of Da Jiang is more and more serious, as bacterial wilt of ginger, root knot nematode disease etc.In the Da Jiang main producing region, the morbidity general underproduction 20%~40% in plot, but the heavy underproduction 70%~80% of morbidity, even total crop failure.The generation of disease of ginger is relevant with the accumulation of germ in the soil on the one hand, and is also unreasonable with the Da Jiang fertilising on the other hand, the soil nutrient imbalance, and the Da Jiang growth is unhealthy and strong, and the disease resistance difference is relevant.Therefore must take to prevent and treat disease and the method that regulation and control nutrition combines, be badly in need of a kind of product at present, regrettably also not have the report of this respect these knowledge fusion.
Chinese patent file CN1730446A (200510042913.0) discloses a kind of special-purpose fertilizer for turmeric, and it provides a kind of special-purpose fertilizer for turmeric that contains multiple inorganic nutrients.Chinese patent CN101182259A (200710114005.7) " sulphur, resin film coated ginger, garlic special-purpose control-release fertilizer and manufacture method thereof " has introduced a kind of Da Jiang special-purpose control-release fertilizer of Compositional type.These two patent documents are mineral manure, although can offer the rational nutrient of Da Jiang, also exist not enough.The one, organic nutrient can not be provided, the 2nd, do not possess disease-proof functions.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special of preventing and treating disease of ginger and preparation method thereof.
In order to overcome the defective of prior art, the present invention utilizes organism, inorganic fertilizer and the agricultural chemicals of fermentation maturity to prepare the organic and inorganic compound fertilizer that nutrient content meets the nutritional needs of Da Jiang and has disease-proof functions, and carried out field experiment, obtained good effect.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special of control disease of ginger is to be prepared from by following component, is mass parts:
60~75 parts of the organism that becomes thoroughly decomposed
10~13 parts in urea
3~8 parts of diammonium phosphate
11~17 parts of vitriolate of tartar
1~1.5 part in zinc sulfate
0.3~0.5 part of borax
0.1~0.2 part of Avrmectin
0.2~0.3 part of zinc manganese ethylenebisdithiocarbamate
The described organism that becomes thoroughly decomposed is to be raw material for 20~25 parts with 50~60 parts of furfural dregs, 18~25 parts of grouts, the peat composed of rotten mosses, adds 1~2 part of heap fermentation of microbial fermentation microbial inoculum, dries in the air to moisture content 30~35wt% to make.
Described furfural dregs is that corn cob is that main raw material is made the waste residue in the furfural process; Preferably, the powder particle diameter of furfural dregs≤20 orders, moisture content is lower than 40wt%, and organic content is greater than 30wt%.
Described grouts are selected from soya-bean cake, peanut cake, cottonseed cake or rape cake, wherein preferred soya-bean cake.
The described peat composed of rotten mosses is crossed 60 mesh sieves, commercially available prod.
Described microbial fermentation microbial inoculum is EM composite fungus agent (EM is the abbreviation of EffectiveMicroorganesms), and it is that 5 sections 10 such as photosynthetic bacteria group, yeast flora, lactobacillus, actinomycete group, mycorhiza flora are belonged to more than 80 kind of microorganism compound a kind of typing microbial inoculum of cultivating in same state.Be brown translucent liquid, the pH value is between 3.5~4.5.Market is on sale.
Described zinc sulfate, borax, technical grade, commercially available prod.
Described Avrmectin is emulsion or the wettable powder of 0.5~2wt%, the commercially available prod.
Described zinc manganese ethylenebisdithiocarbamate is the wettable powder of 80~85wt%, the commercially available prod.
The preparation method of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special of control disease of ginger of the present invention, step is as follows:
(1) the organic preparation of becoming thoroughly decomposed
In mass parts, that 50~60 parts of furfural dregs, 18~25 parts of grouts, 20~25 parts of the peats composed of rotten mosses, 1~2 part of thorough mixing of microbial fermentation microbial inoculum is even.The moisture of adjusting compound is 60~65wt%, and C/N is 23~28 mass ratioes, pH7~7.5.Above-mentioned compound is piled high 1.5~2.0 meters trapezoidal heap, and length is not limit, and down punches from the top, and 8~15 of every square metre of hole counts cover plastics film, carry out aerobic fermentation.Wait to pile temperature rise to 50 and ℃ pick up counting, fermented 5~7 days.Turning was fermented 5~7 days again, and fermenting process is finished.The organism moisture content that ferments is dried in the air to 30~35wt%, standby.
3~5 centimetres in the aperture of the described punching of above-mentioned steps, hole depth is to the bottom of stockpile.
The described turning of above-mentioned steps is that the material with the stockpile surface ploughs under inside, and originally Nei Bu material is translated into the outside.
(2) preparation of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special
In mass parts, get 10~15 parts of the organism of 0.1~0.2 part of Avrmectin, 0.2~0.3 part of zinc manganese ethylenebisdithiocarbamate and step (1) preparation, mix.With mixture again with 50~60 parts of the organism that become thoroughly decomposed of step (1) preparation, pulverized 10~13 parts in the urea of 80 mesh sieves, 3~8 parts of diammonium phosphate, 11~17 parts of vitriolate of tartar, 1~1.5 part in zinc sulfate, 0.3~0.5 part of thorough mixing of borax is even, carries out granulation with equipment according to a conventional method, gets product.
The application of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special of control disease of ginger of the present invention, its application process is, 2000~4000 kilograms of per hectare consumptions, wherein 1/3rd use as base manure prior to seeding, 1/3rd topdressed in three bursts of fork phases of Da Jiang, and 1/3rd expand fast at Da Jiang and to impose vegetative period.
Excellent results of the present invention:
1. organic-inorganic combination guarantees Da Jiang high yield, high-quality
Only depend on application of organic fertilizers, because the nutrient content of fertilizer is low, Da Jiang yields poorly.Use inorganic fertilizer fully and can make the relative variation of Da Jiang quality again.The organic and inorganic compound fertilizer that the present invention produced had both contained an amount of organotrophy, improved quality, had rationally added inorganic nutrients again, guaranteed Da Jiang high yield, high-quality.
2. nutrient reasonable ratio
The special-purpose fertilizer that the present invention produced is according to Da Jiang the nutrient demand rule to be designed, and the nutrient reasonable ratio is with strong points, guarantees Da Jiang high yield, stable yields.
3. diseases prevention is regulated with nutrition and is combined, and improves protection effect.
The special root diseases of crop pest should be putting prevention first, in case caused certain harm when falling ill medication again.This fertilizer adopts and apply main root district when Da Jiang sows, to preventing that germ from invading root system, the harm seedling has good action.Simultaneously, contain rich nutrient substances in the fertilizer, as amino acid, trace element, organic matter etc., they have and prevent the synergistic effect of disease substance, so protection effect is good.
4. increase soil fertility
The sign of fertile soil is not only the nutrient content height, also is embodied in the ability of reconciling water, gas, heat.The special-purpose fertilizer that the present invention produced contains large amount of organic, is manured into soil to promote the formation of soil aggregate, strengthens the ability of soil water-retaining, guarantor's fertilizer and conciliation water, gas, heat, increases soil fertility.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment, but be not limited thereto.
The raw material explanation:
Furfural dregs is that Henan Hongye Chemical Industry Co., Ltd is that main raw material is made the waste residue in the furfural process, powder particle diameter≤20 orders, moisture content 35wt%, organic content 38wt% with the corn cob.Grouts are dregs of beans, and the wide life in Shandong limited-liability company produces the byproduct in the soya-bean oil process, its water content 6.4wt%, organic 65wt%, full nitrogen 2.00wt%, full phosphorus 0.56wt%, full potassium 0.06wt%.The peat composed of rotten mosses is that good celebrating peat composed of rotten mosses development corporation, Ltd. produces organic content 64wt%.The microbial fermentation microbial inoculum is the EM composite fungus agent, and Jiangxi Tianyi Biologic Technology Development Co., Ltd. produces.
Avrmectin is 1.8% wettable powder that North China Ai Nuo company limited of pharmacy group produces.
Zinc manganese ethylenebisdithiocarbamate, 80% wettable powder, Shandong Tiancheng Agricultural Chemical Co., Ltd produces.
Raw material consumption umber among the embodiment is mass parts, and all per-cents are mass percent.
Embodiment 1: the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special of control disease of ginger, and component is as follows:
60 parts of the organism that becomes thoroughly decomposed
13 parts in urea
8 parts of diammonium phosphate
17 parts of vitriolate of tartar
1.5 parts in zinc sulfate
0.5 part of borax
0.1 part of Avrmectin
0.2 part of zinc manganese ethylenebisdithiocarbamate
(1) the organic preparation of becoming thoroughly decomposed
50 parts of furfural dregs, 25 parts of grouts, 24 parts of the peats composed of rotten mosses, 1 part of thorough mixing of EM composite fungus agent is even.The moisture of adjusting compound is 65%wt, and C/N is 25 mass ratioes, pH7.5.
Above-mentioned compound is piled high 1.5 meters trapezoidal heap, and length is not limit, and down punches from the top, and 8 of every square metre of hole counts cover plastics film, carry out aerobic fermentation.Wait to pile temperature rise to 50 and ℃ pick up counting, fermented 7 days.Turning was fermented 5 days again, and fermenting process is finished.The organism moisture content that ferments is dried in the air to 35wt%, standby.
(2) preparation of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special
Get 10 parts of the organism of becoming thoroughly decomposed of 0.1 part of Avrmectin, 0.2 part of zinc manganese ethylenebisdithiocarbamate, step (1) preparation, mix.Add again step (1) 50 parts of the organism that become thoroughly decomposed, pulverized 13 parts in the urea of 80 mesh sieves, 8 parts of diammonium phosphate, 17 parts of vitriolate of tartar, 1.5 parts in zinc sulfate, 0.5 part of thorough mixing of borax is even, the disk granulation, product.
The product fertilizer of present embodiment is fit to the soil that disease is relatively light, soil nutrient content is lower.
Embodiment 2:
(1) the organic preparation of becoming thoroughly decomposed
60 parts of furfural dregs, 18 parts of grouts, 20 parts of the peats composed of rotten mosses, 2 parts of thorough mixing of microbial fermentation microbial inoculum EM composite fungus agent is even.The moisture of adjusting compound is 60%wt, and C/N is 27 mass ratioes, pH7.0.
Above-mentioned compound is piled high 2.0 meters trapezoidal heap, and length is not limit, and down punches from the top, and 15 of every square metre of hole counts cover plastics film, carry out aerobic fermentation.Wait to pile temperature rise to 50 and ℃ pick up counting, fermented 6 days.Turning was fermented 6 days again, and fermenting process is finished.The organism moisture content that ferments is dried in the air to 30wt%, standby.
(2) preparation of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special
Get 15 parts of the organism of becoming thoroughly decomposed of 0.2 part of Avrmectin, 0.3 part of zinc manganese ethylenebisdithiocarbamate, step (1) preparation, mix.60 parts of the organism that become thoroughly decomposed, 1 part in 11 parts of 3 parts of 10 parts in urea, diammonium phosphate, vitriolate of tartar, zinc sulfate pulverizing 80 mesh sieves and 0.3 part of thorough mixing of borax of adding step (1) preparation again are even, and the disk granulation gets product.
The fertilizer of present embodiment is fit to heavier, the soil nutrient content soil with high of disease.
Embodiment 3:
(1) becomes thoroughly decomposed organic preparation with embodiment 1.
(2) preparation of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special
Get 0.15 part of Avrmectin, 0.25 part of zinc manganese ethylenebisdithiocarbamate, 13 parts of the organism of becoming thoroughly decomposed, mix.With mixture again with 55 parts of the organism that become thoroughly decomposed, pulverized 12 parts in the urea of 80 mesh sieves, 5 parts of diammonium phosphate, 14 parts of vitriolate of tartar, 1 part in zinc sulfate, 0.3 part of thorough mixing of borax is even, the disk granulation, product.
The fertilizer of present embodiment is fit to disease and the medium soil of soil nutrient content.
Comparative Examples:
Universal composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, Shandong Guangda Fertilizer Technology Co., Ltd. produces, organic content 23%, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium total nutrient 16wt%.
The effect of above embodiment 1~3 and Comparative Examples is as follows:
For examination Da Jiang kind is Laiwu Da Jiang, and soil is cinnamon soil.The fertilizer amount of embodiment and Comparative Examples is identical.3000 kilograms of per hectare consumptions wherein 1/3rd are used as base manure prior to seeding, and 1/3rd topdressed in three bursts of fork phases of Da Jiang, remainingly impose at expanding stage fast.The application process of base manure is earlier fertilizer to be imposed in the seed furrow, with the ginger of sowing kind in the above after soil mixes.The application process of topdressing is at distance plant 10 centimeters direct motions trench digging, fertilising back earthing.
Table 1. effect
Yield-increasing efficiency (%) Plant height increases (%)
Embodiment 1 14.1 8.5
Embodiment 2 18.3 6.3
Embodiment 3 15.2 7.2
Comparative Examples - -
The diseases prevention test
Be Da Jiang organic and inorganic compound fertilizer diseases prevention test situation of the present invention below.
1. test conditions: test being located at Shandong Province's Laiwu City and Anqiu, Shandong Province liang Da Jiang respectively in 2009 and concentrating growing area.Select the more serious plot of morbidity last year to test, all handle other management unanimity except that fertilizer, and do not re-use agricultural chemicals separately.
2. test design:
5 processing are established in test, 20 square metres of sub-district areas, 4 repetitions.The test of two places is handled identical.It is identical to handle 2~5 rates of fertilizer application, and 6 kilograms of every sub-district consumptions wherein 1/3rd are used as base manure prior to seeding, and 1/3rd topdressed in three bursts of fork phases of Da Jiang, remainingly imposes at quick expanding stage.The application process of base manure is earlier fertilizer to be imposed in the seed furrow, with the ginger of sowing kind in the above after soil mixes.The application process of topdressing is at distance plant 10 centimeters direct motions trench digging, fertilising back earthing.
Table 2 test is handled
Handle code name Contents processing
T1 Do not apply fertilizer
T2 Use Comparative Examples fertilizer
T3 Use embodiment 1 fertilizer
T4 Use embodiment 2 fertilizer
T5 Use embodiment 3 fertilizer
3. investigation method:
The investigation of Da Jiang bacterial wilt of ginger is carried out before results, investigates all test area, and standard is all to can be regarded as morbidity from yellow leaf to withered plant, and the percentage ratio that accounts for total pier number with morbidity pier number is sickness rate.Big race tie lines parasitosis investigation is to carry out when results, and 20 piers are investigated in each sub-district, and standard is to can be regarded as morbidity more than 25% with what the bar number that root knot takes place in big race system accounted for total root bar number, and the percentage ratio that accounts for total pier number with morbidity pier number is sickness rate.
4. test-results:
Table 3. bacterial wilt of ginger test-results
Figure G2009102556069D00051
The big race tie lines parasitosis test-results of table 4.
Figure G2009102556069D00052

Claims (4)

1. the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special of control disease of ginger is characterized in that it being to be prepared from by following component, is mass parts:
60~75 parts of the organism that becomes thoroughly decomposed,
10~13 parts in urea,
3~8 parts of diammonium phosphate,
11~17 parts of vitriolate of tartar,
1~1.5 part in zinc sulfate,
0.3~0.5 part of borax,
0.1~0.2 part of Avrmectin,
0.2~0.3 part of zinc manganese ethylenebisdithiocarbamate,
The described organism that becomes thoroughly decomposed is to be raw material for 20~25 parts with 50~60 parts of furfural dregs, 18~25 parts of grouts, the peat composed of rotten mosses, adds 1~2 part of heap fermentation of microbial fermentation microbial inoculum, dries in the air to moisture content 30~35wt% to make;
Described microbial fermentation microbial inoculum is the EM composite fungus agent.
2. the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special of control disease of ginger as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described Avrmectin is emulsion or the wettable powder of 0.5~2wt%, and described zinc manganese ethylenebisdithiocarbamate is the wettable powder of 80~85wt%.
3. the preparation method of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special of the described control disease of ginger of claim 1, step is as follows:
(1) the organic preparation of becoming thoroughly decomposed
In mass parts, that 50~60 parts of furfural dregs, 18~25 parts of grouts, 20~25 parts of the peats composed of rotten mosses, 1~2 part of thorough mixing of microbial fermentation microbial inoculum is even; The moisture of adjusting compound is 60~65wt%, and C/N is 23~28 mass ratioes, pH7~7.5; Above-mentioned compound is piled high 1.5~2.0 meters trapezoidal heap, and length is not limit, and down punches from the top, and 8~15 of every square metre of hole counts cover plastics film, carry out aerobic fermentation; Wait to pile temperature rise to 50 and ℃ pick up counting, fermented 5~7 days; Turning was fermented 5~7 days again, and fermenting process is finished; The organism moisture content that ferments is dried in the air to 30~35wt%, standby;
(2) preparation of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special
In mass parts, get 10~15 parts of the organism of 0.1~0.2 part of Avrmectin, 0.2~0.3 part of zinc manganese ethylenebisdithiocarbamate and step (1) preparation, mix; With mixture again with 50~60 parts of the organism of step (1) preparation, pulverized 10~13 parts in the urea of 80 mesh sieves, 3~8 parts of diammonium phosphate, 11~17 parts of vitriolate of tartar, 1~1.5 part in zinc sulfate, 0.3~0.5 part of thorough mixing of borax is even, carries out granulation with equipment according to a conventional method, gets product.
4. the application of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special of the described control disease of ginger of claim 1, it is characterized in that application process is, 2000~4000 kilograms of per hectare consumptions, wherein 1/3rd use as base manure prior to seeding, 1/3rd topdressed in three bursts of fork phases of Da Jiang, and 1/3rd expand fast at Da Jiang and to impose vegetative period.
CN2009102556069A 2009-12-09 2009-12-09 Special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling disease of ginger and preparation method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN101723760B (en)

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CN103641658A (en) * 2013-11-06 2014-03-19 马鞍山科邦生态肥有限公司 A soil-conditioning type fertilizer and a preparation method thereof
CN104262030A (en) * 2014-10-23 2015-01-07 重庆文理学院 Special fertilizer for gingers and preparation method thereof
CN112385499A (en) * 2020-11-13 2021-02-23 重庆市九龙坡区农业技术推广站 Ginger film net covering planting method
CN115594547A (en) * 2022-09-26 2023-01-13 亓宗美(Cn) Method for preparing ginger cultivation epidemic prevention fertilizer by using pepper seed meal

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