CN101720704B - Method for preventing pinna pectinata larvae from floating upwards and adhering - Google Patents
Method for preventing pinna pectinata larvae from floating upwards and adhering Download PDFInfo
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- CN101720704B CN101720704B CN2009102314587A CN200910231458A CN101720704B CN 101720704 B CN101720704 B CN 101720704B CN 2009102314587 A CN2009102314587 A CN 2009102314587A CN 200910231458 A CN200910231458 A CN 200910231458A CN 101720704 B CN101720704 B CN 101720704B
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- 241000227136 Atrina pectinata Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000180587 Pinnidae Species 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000206751 Chrysophyceae Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000237509 Patinopecten sp. Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000020637 scallop Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000237502 Ostreidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000020639 clam Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003097 mucus Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 235000020636 oyster Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000029264 phototaxis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000237519 Bivalvia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000237852 Mollusca Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000237536 Mytilus edulis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009571 larval growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000020638 mussel Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention relates to aquaculture bivalve offspring seed production, in particular to a method for preventing pinna pectinata larvae from floating upwards and adhering. Two wave-making pumps are arranged in a diagonal shape on the pond wall of a culture pond in a width direction; waves and water flows which are generated by the wave-making pumps are used for dispersing the pinna pectinata larvae so that the pinna pectinata larvae are uniformly distributed in the culture pond, thus the pinna pectinata larvae are prevented from floating upwards and adhering; 24 hours after pinna pectinata fertilized ovums are incubated into D-shaped larvae, when the D-shaped larvae float upwards and are adhered, the wave-making pumps are installed; the proper power of the wave-making pumps is 12-30 W, the proper flow rate is 5-10 m3/h, the proper distance horizontally kept between the water outlet centers of the wave-making pumps and a water surface is 15-25 cm, and the proper distance between the water outlet centers of the wave-making pumps and the adjacent pond wall of the culture pond is 20-40 cm. The invention can reduce upward floating and adhesion ratio matched groups of the pinna pectinata larvae more than 80 percent, enhance the survival rate by 80 percent without obvious adverse effect on the growth of the larvae and achieve the culture density of the larvae by 4-5/ml, thereby effectively enhancing the survival rate and the culture efficiency of the pinna pectinata larvae.
Description
Technical field
The bivalve shellfish seed that the present invention relates to aquaculture produces, and is specially a kind of new method that prevents pinna pectinata larvae from floating upwards and adhering.
Background technology
Comb pen shell Atrina pectinata (Linnaeus, 1767) belong to Mollusca, Bivalvia, mussel order, pen shell section, comb pen shell genus, natural distribution marine site at coastal area of china is wider, it is the very high large edible shellfish of a kind of economic worth, be distributed widely in temperature, tropical argillo arenaceous offshore sea waters, all there is distribution at China's Bohai Sea, Huang, east, the South Sea.Its posterior adductor muscle is loose especially, can be made into famous and precious " dried scallop ", is precious marine product nutritious, delicious flavour, and fresh goods are famous and precious delicacies in the feast especially, especially gains great popularity in China, Japan, Korea S and Southeast Asian countries and regions.
In recent decades, because the deterioration of overfishing and environmental condition, China's comb pen shell stock number sharply descends, be difficult to gather in many sea areas, the wild comb pen shell resource of simple dependence can not satisfy the demand of domestic and international market far away, and artificial breeding and the aquaculture of carrying out the comb pen shell are imperative.Though, China since the beginning of the eighties in last century just the artificial breeding research of comb pen shell, but up to the present the artificial breeding technology of China's comb pen shell is never solved well, and the efficient of emerging is lower, does not also reach the industrialization level of complete efficient stable.
At present, both at home and abroad a comb pen shell fry production process main cause not obtaining to break through is exactly not solve anti-larva come-up gluing technique well.The adhesion of larva come-up is a distinguishing feature that is different from other shellfish larva between comb pen shell larva culture period.The adhesion of so-called larva come-up, exactly after growing certain phase (generally after hatching into D shape larva 24h), a large amount of larvas gather the pond water surface, and are in groups intensive.The influence that the adhesion of larva come-up is cultivated larva is very big, has carelessness just to cause the larva mortality easily slightly.Mainly solve this problem in the pond by controlling larva culture density, reinforcement water quality management, increase inflation point and increasing aeration quantity and duty now, it is crucial wherein controlling the larva culture density.Reduce to cultivate density, though can partly solve larva come-up adhesion problems, larvae cultivation efficient is too low, generally cultivate density and be 1/below the ml.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that prevents pinna pectinata larvae from floating upwards and adhering, main on the basis that studies pinna pectinata larvae from floating upwards and adhering mechanism in great detail, utilize the artificial method of making wave and current to prevent problems such as larva come-up adhesion.
According to the result of study in early stage, the come-up adhesion of comb pen shell larva is mainly caused by following reason: larva phototaxis, larva swimming mode, juvenile worm secretion mucus and seawater surface tension force.According to observations, comb pen shell larva is similar to other shellfish larvas, has tangible phototaxis, and illumination has a significant effect to the come-up of larva, and suitable illumination can make larva accumulate in the water body upper strata in a large number; The swimming mode of comb pen shell larva and other bivalve shellfishs (as scallop, oyster, clam son) larva has a great difference, and when the young larva of scallop, oyster and clam was swum, their face was in the face of the side rapid movement, ingests simultaneously.And comb pen shell larva when swimming, its face is in the face of the water surface, often suspends in water, and move left and right speed is slower, this swimming mode of comb pen shell larva makes larva very easily accumulate in water surface, is sticked together under the influence of the mucus of larva secretion itself and seawater surface tension force.
The mechanism that the present invention mainly produces according to pinna pectinata larvae from floating upwards and adhering, utilization is made unrestrained pump and is manually made wave, and the simulation marine eco-environment reduces the come-up adhesion of comb pen shell larva by wave and current.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme taked of the present invention is:
A kind of new method that prevents pinna pectinata larvae from floating upwards and adhering, mainly be to utilize to make unrestrained pump generation wave and current, break up larva, comb pen shell larva is evenly distributed in cultivating the pond by the external force of wave and current, thereby prevent the adhesion of larva come-up, its concrete technical indicator is as follows:
Make unrestrained pump power 7～40W, flow 3～15m
3/ h, install two on the pool wall of width in each cultivation pond and make unrestrained pump, being the diagonal angle wire distributes, make wave and pump center, the mouth of a river and water surface level maintenance 10～30cm distance (promptly make wave and pump center, the mouth of a river and water surface distance), making wave, to pump center, the mouth of a river be 10～50cm with the distance of cultivating the contiguous pool wall in pond, make and cultivate the pond seawater can convection current at the middle and upper levels, form rotary water current, and the water body that drives whole cultivation pond flow (Fig. 1).
The described more excellent scheme of making wave is:
Make unrestrained pump power 12～30W, flow 5～10m
3/ h, each is cultivated and to install two on the pool wall of width in pond and make unrestrained pump, makes wave and pumps center, the mouth of a river and keep 15～25cm distance with water surface level, makes wave and pumps center, the mouth of a river and cultivate the contiguous pool wall maintenance in pond 20～40cm distance.
Application conditions of the present invention is the suitable condition of comb pen shell larvae cultivation, and promptly water temperature is 18～28 ℃, salinity 25～35 ‰, pH value 7.0～8.5, cultivate suitable length * wide * height in pond and be (4～7m) * (3～5m) * (1.0～1.6m), the depth of water 0.8～1.4m that suits, the cultivation water body that suits is 1～50m
3, larvae cultivation density is 4～5/ml.
The unrestrained pump of making involved in the present invention adopts permagnetic synchronous motor to drive, motor resin embedding, and water resistance is good, and it is high, safe and reliable that dielectric strength is wanted.
The present invention has following advantage:
1. the present invention by a large amount of experiments, has obtained a kind of new method that prevents pinna pectinata larvae from floating upwards and adhering according to the reason that pinna pectinata larvae from floating upwards and adhering produces.
2. the present invention utilizes the external force of current that comb pen shell larva is distributed in the seawater uniformly by the artificial method of making wave, thereby reduces the probability of larva come-up and adhesion.
3. use of the present invention can make the come-up adhesion of comb pen shell larva reduce more than 80%, and survival rate improves more than 80%, and larval growth is not had the significant adverse influence, and larvae cultivation density reaches 4～5/ml, effectively improves larvae cultivation efficient.
4. the present invention has provided that this method uses makes unrestrained pump power, flow and installation method, makes its effect stable, and larva is safe from harm substantially, effectively reduces the probability of pinna pectinata larvae from floating upwards and adhering, improves the larva survival rate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1. schematic diagram of the present invention.Among the figure, 1 makes unrestrained pump; 2 waters surface; 3 water (flow) directions; 4 cultivate the pond; A is long; B is wide; The c height; l
1Make wave and pump center, the mouth of a river and water surface horizontal range; l
2Making wave pumps center, the mouth of a river and cultivates the contiguous pool wall distance in pond.
Embodiment
Embodiment
It is several exemplary embodiments of example that the present invention provides with comb pen shell larva, but the present invention not merely is confined in following examples.
1, the cultivation effect (table 1) in small-sized cultivation pond
Table 1
The condition of the foregoing description is the suitable condition of comb pen shell larvae cultivation, i.e. water temperature: 18～28 ℃, and salinity: 25～35 ‰, the pH value: 7.0～8.5, unit cell algae bait is chrysophyceae, diatom or flat algae.
As shown in Figure 1, (a) * wide (b) * height (c) is 4.0m * 3.0m * 1.2m to cultivate pond length, cultivates depth of water 1.0m, and the cultivation water body is 12.00m
3, larvae cultivation density is 4～5/ml.In the present embodiment, install two on the pool wall of width and make unrestrained pump 1 in each cultivation pond 4, be the diagonal angle wire and distribute, each is made wave and pumps center, the mouth of a river and cultivate pond vicinity pool wall apart from l
2Keep 20cm.After comb pen shell incubating oosperm becomes " D " type larva 24h, start when producing the come-up adhesion phenomenon and makes unrestrained pump, make and cultivate the pond seawater can convection current at the middle and upper levels, form rotary water currents along water (flow) direction 3.
2, the cultivation effect (table 2) in medium-sized cultivation pond
Table 2
The condition of the foregoing description is the suitable condition of comb pen shell larvae cultivation, i.e. water temperature: 18～28 ℃, and salinity: 25～35 ‰, the pH value: 7.0～8.5, unit cell algae bait is chrysophyceae, diatom and flat algae.
As shown in Figure 1, (a) * wide (b) * height (c) is 5.3m * 3.8m * 1.2m to cultivate pond length, cultivates depth of water 1.0m, and the cultivation water body is 20.14m
3, larvae cultivation density is 4～5/ml.In the present embodiment, install two on the pool wall of width and make unrestrained pump 1 in each cultivation pond 4, be the diagonal angle wire and distribute, each is made wave and pumps center, the mouth of a river and cultivate pond vicinity pool wall apart from l
2Keep 30cm.After comb pen shell incubating oosperm becomes " D " type larva 24h, start when producing the come-up adhesion phenomenon and makes unrestrained pump, make and cultivate the pond seawater can convection current at the middle and upper levels, form rotary water currents along water (flow) direction 3.
3, the cultivation effect (table 3) in large-scale cultivation pond
Table 3
The condition of the foregoing description is the suitable condition of comb pen shell larvae cultivation, i.e. water temperature: 18～28 ℃, and salinity: 25～35 ‰, the pH value: 7.0～8.5, unit cell algae bait is chrysophyceae, diatom and flat algae.
As shown in Figure 1, (a) * wide (b) * height (c) is 6.5m * 4.0m * 1.4m to cultivate pond length, cultivates depth of water 1.2m, and the cultivation water body is 31.20m
3, larvae cultivation density is 4～5/ml.In the present embodiment, install two on the pool wall of width and make unrestrained pump 1 in each cultivation pond 4, be the diagonal angle wire and distribute, each is made wave and pumps center, the mouth of a river and cultivate pond vicinity pool wall apart from l
2Keep 40cm.After comb pen shell incubating oosperm becomes " D " type larva 24h, start when producing the come-up adhesion phenomenon and makes unrestrained pump, make and cultivate the pond seawater can convection current at the middle and upper levels, form rotary water currents along water (flow) direction 3.
In a word, of the present inventionly prevent that the new method effect of pinna pectinata larvae from floating upwards and adhering is remarkable, can effectively reduce the come-up adhesion of comb pen shell larva, effectively improve the survival rate of comb pen shell larva and cultivate efficient.
Claims (5)
1. method that prevents pinna pectinata larvae from floating upwards and adhering, it is characterized in that: in cultivating the pond, utilize and make unrestrained pump generation wave and current, external force by wave and current is broken up larva, larva is evenly distributed in cultivating the pond, thereby prevent the adhesion of larva come-up, improve the survival rate of comb pen shell larva and cultivate efficient;
Install two on the pool wall of width in each cultivation pond and make unrestrained pump, being the diagonal angle wire distributes, make wave and pump center, the mouth of a river and water surface level maintenance 10～30cm distance, making wave, to pump center, the mouth of a river be 10～50cm with the distance of cultivating the contiguous pool wall in pond, can make and cultivate pond seawater convection current at the middle and upper levels, form rotary water current, and it is mobile to drive whole cultivation pond water body.
2. according to the described method that prevents pinna pectinata larvae from floating upwards and adhering of claim 1, it is characterized in that: describedly make wave to pump the distance that center, the mouth of a river and water surface level keep be 15～25cm, with the distance of cultivating the contiguous pool wall in pond be 20～40cm.
3. according to the described method that prevents pinna pectinata larvae from floating upwards and adhering of claim 1, it is characterized in that: describedly make unrestrained pump and adopt permagnetic synchronous motor to drive motor resin embedding, power 7～40W, flow 3～15m
3/ h.
4. according to the described method that prevents pinna pectinata larvae from floating upwards and adhering of claim 3, it is characterized in that: the described power of making unrestrained pump is 12～30W, and flow is 5～10m
3/ h.
5. according to the described method that prevents pinna pectinata larvae from floating upwards and adhering of claim 1, it is characterized in that: cultivating the condition of using in the pond is the condition of comb pen shell larvae cultivation, be 18～28 ℃ of water temperatures, salinity 25～35 ‰, pH value 7.0～8.5, cultivate pond length * wide * height and be (4～7m) * (3～5m) * (1.0～1.6m), the depth of water 0.8～1.4m, the cultivation water body is 10～50m
3, 4～5/ml of larvae cultivation density.
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101884312A (en) * | 2010-06-30 | 2010-11-17 | 中国海洋大学 | Method for preventing larva conglutination in culture of pinna pectinata larvae |
| CN102077786B (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2012-11-14 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Chemical method for preventing atrina pectinata larvas from floating adhesion |
| CN102106272A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-06-29 | 山东海益宝水产股份有限公司 | Seedlings-cultivating method of atrina pectinata |
| CN102106273A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-06-29 | 山东海益宝水产股份有限公司 | Method for manually breeding Pinna (Atriina) pectinata Linnaeus |
| CN102919169B (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2015-02-25 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Device and method for cultivating atrina pectinata parent shellfish |
| CN102884999B (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2014-04-16 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Culturing device and culturing method used for preventing atrina pectinata larva from floating and adhering |
| CN105875457B (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2019-09-10 | 金华市九色珍珠研究所 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings for preventing spat from accumulating |
| CN106489804A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-03-15 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of method for preventing floatation surface adhesion on Pinna pectinata larva |
| CN115053851B (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2023-06-02 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Device for delaying metamorphosis of bivalve larvae and application method thereof |
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