CN1016927B - 数字式合成音频产生装置 - Google Patents
数字式合成音频产生装置Info
- Publication number
- CN1016927B CN1016927B CN89101231A CN89101231A CN1016927B CN 1016927 B CN1016927 B CN 1016927B CN 89101231 A CN89101231 A CN 89101231A CN 89101231 A CN89101231 A CN 89101231A CN 1016927 B CN1016927 B CN 1016927B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- audio
- frequency
- digital
- audio frequency
- composite tone
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q1/00—Details of selecting apparatus or arrangements
- H04Q1/18—Electrical details
- H04Q1/30—Signalling arrangements; Manipulation of signalling currents
- H04Q1/44—Signalling arrangements; Manipulation of signalling currents using alternate current
- H04Q1/444—Signalling arrangements; Manipulation of signalling currents using alternate current with voice-band signalling frequencies
- H04Q1/45—Signalling arrangements; Manipulation of signalling currents using alternate current with voice-band signalling frequencies using multi-frequency signalling
- H04Q1/457—Signalling arrangements; Manipulation of signalling currents using alternate current with voice-band signalling frequencies using multi-frequency signalling with conversion of multifrequency signals into digital signals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M19/00—Current supply arrangements for telephone systems
- H04M19/02—Current supply arrangements for telephone systems providing ringing current or supervisory tones, e.g. dialling tone or busy tone
- H04M19/04—Current supply arrangements for telephone systems providing ringing current or supervisory tones, e.g. dialling tone or busy tone the ringing-current being generated at the substations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M19/00—Current supply arrangements for telephone systems
- H04M19/02—Current supply arrangements for telephone systems providing ringing current or supervisory tones, e.g. dialling tone or busy tone
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q1/00—Details of selecting apparatus or arrangements
- H04Q1/18—Electrical details
- H04Q1/30—Signalling arrangements; Manipulation of signalling currents
- H04Q1/44—Signalling arrangements; Manipulation of signalling currents using alternate current
- H04Q1/444—Signalling arrangements; Manipulation of signalling currents using alternate current with voice-band signalling frequencies
- H04Q1/446—Signalling arrangements; Manipulation of signalling currents using alternate current with voice-band signalling frequencies using one signalling frequency
- H04Q1/448—Signalling arrangements; Manipulation of signalling currents using alternate current with voice-band signalling frequencies using one signalling frequency with conversion of a single frequency signal into a digital signal
- H04Q1/4485—Signalling arrangements; Manipulation of signalling currents using alternate current with voice-band signalling frequencies using one signalling frequency with conversion of a single frequency signal into a digital signal which is transmitted in digital form
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q1/00—Details of selecting apparatus or arrangements
- H04Q1/18—Electrical details
- H04Q1/30—Signalling arrangements; Manipulation of signalling currents
- H04Q1/44—Signalling arrangements; Manipulation of signalling currents using alternate current
- H04Q1/444—Signalling arrangements; Manipulation of signalling currents using alternate current with voice-band signalling frequencies
- H04Q1/45—Signalling arrangements; Manipulation of signalling currents using alternate current with voice-band signalling frequencies using multi-frequency signalling
- H04Q1/457—Signalling arrangements; Manipulation of signalling currents using alternate current with voice-band signalling frequencies using multi-frequency signalling with conversion of multifrequency signals into digital signals
- H04Q1/4575—Signalling arrangements; Manipulation of signalling currents using alternate current with voice-band signalling frequencies using multi-frequency signalling with conversion of multifrequency signals into digital signals which are transmitted in digital form
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)
- Devices For Supply Of Signal Current (AREA)
- Alarm Systems (AREA)
- Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)
- Transmission Systems Not Characterized By The Medium Used For Transmission (AREA)
- Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
- Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
- Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
- Compression, Expansion, Code Conversion, And Decoders (AREA)
Abstract
一种用于数字式专用小交换机(PBX)系统或类似系统中的设备,能够提供特别适合于压电换能器的数字式合成音频报警。合成音频中的一个音频是可以任选的。方法是通过逻辑电路锁定所接受的超过一个有效阈值的脉冲编码调制(PCM)信号中的符号,并组合该反复符号位(loggling sign-bit)和另一音频,从而产生合成音频。
Description
本发明总的来说涉及数字电话,具体涉及数字式专用小交换机(PBX)系统、数字式键控系统及类似系统中的音频报警。更具体地说,涉及这些系统里的数字式合成音频产生装置。这种装置特别适合具有数字式用户话机的系统,其中电-声换能器为压电型换能器。
在现有电话系统中,已知方法是利用含有两个预先设置频率的合成音频提供振铃或别种可闻报警。在北美电话系统,采用5个标准音频,以其中的两个音频通过“或”(OR′ing)或迭加而提供合成音频。这5个标准音频是:1000、667、500、333和250赫。这些音频通常在本机产生,而可闻报警就局限于这些固定音频。
根据许多理由,希望提供较多种类的音频报警而不局限于5个固定音频的双音频组合。首先,这样就可提供适应PBX系统工作的特定环境的音频报警。例如,在互相可以听见的范围内,可能存在属于一个办公室的多个用户话机或分机,而若所有这些电话分机的振铃都是同一个合成音频的话,是会令人感到很有刺激性的。尤其是对于开放式办公布局来说,对各个电话分机提供不同的音频振铃会更有意义。
因此本发明基于上述、或用户提出的其他各种理由,力图使得音频报警具有灵活性。
本发明以最低限度的设备配置,使得在数字式电话分机或用户话机内能重构成任意一种报警音频,该音频频率处在系统PCM(脉冲编码调制)编码信号允许频带之内。自然,所述的任意一种音频可由PBX或键控系统自身产生,或由远程交换中心或系统转发。
因此,本发明提供一种数字式合成音频产生装置,包括音频发生器、微处理器、加法器、可变衰耗器、第二扫描器、音频放大器和电声换能器,其特征在于,该装置还包括:
逻辑装置,用于判定一个PCM编码第一音频信号是否已经达到或超过一个预定电平;
锁存装置,响应于所述逻辑装置,用于锁存所述PCM编码第一音频信号中预定的二进制位位置上的、在第一音频信号频率的频率上反复的一个二进制位,以产生一个被锁存位;以及
组合装置,用于组合所述被锁存位和一个第二音频,以提供一个数字合成音频。
本发明按较狭义意义上的所述预定的二进制位位置就是符号位位置。
以下,结合附图详述本发明的一个优选实施例。其中:
图1是描述一个数字式PBX系统的方框图;
图2表示出如何将两个音频组合而产生一个合成音频;
图3是数字式合成音频报警电路的方框图;以及
图4是图3中限幅器的电路方框图。
图1表示了一个数字式PBX系统,该系统包括一个具有音频发生器11的数字式PBX10,音频发生器11用于产生可任选的数字式编码音频,该系统同时还包括第一和第二数字式分机终端12和13。数字式PBX10通过互联中继线15与某种程度上处于远程的交换中心(SC)14相联结。
数字式分机终端12和13具有电-声换能器(最好,为压电型电-声换能器),用于可闻音频振铃和报警。这种压电型换能器特别适于以图2所示的方波电位来激励或驱动。两个音频(音频1和音频2)通过组合直接产生如图2下部所示的(音频1+音频2)波形,供合成音频振铃和报警之用。这种合成音频,根据其中各单音频分量,听者可从能听见的范围内的若干分机终端之中辨识出某个确定的分机终端,或者,可以被
用以辨识某个确定的要回答的人或某个确定的报警状态。音频1或音频2中的一个最好是上述标准音频之一。而另一个是用于辨识特定的报警状态、终端或个人等等的任选的音频。自然,对这个音频唯一的限制是其频率必须落入基于PBX系统的PCM频率范围内。
图3表示在例如12这样的终端里,多路复用器(MUX)16如何在本机微处理器17的控制之下选择产生于音频发生器11的标准音频组中的一个音频和来自数字限幅器18的另一个音频,然后将它们送到加法器19去,接着再送到可变衰耗器20(用于音量控制)以及第二扫描器21(用于当需要时附加话音通信),最后,去驱动音频放大器22,音频放大器22再去激励压电、电-声换能器23。图4示出第二音频如何由被PBX转发至终端12的PCM信号无需数-模转换而恢复成功的。
已经公知,PCM编码信号可遵循各种各样的压扩规则和标准,其中最广泛应用的是A规则(A-Law)和MU规则(MU-Law)。图4的电路通过调整其PCM音频识别阈值而适应于A规则或MU规则PCM信号,以及适应于无论PCM以“偶数位反相代码”(even-bit-inverted-code)EBIC还是非“偶数位反相代码”
EBIC而传输的情况。电路接受输入的PCM二进制字,经过倒相器24倒相后,将其串行地锁存于串入并出(SIPO)寄存器25中。暂时锁存于寄存器25中的各位一共是8个,其中0位是最低有效位(LSB),7位是最高有效位(MSB)或符号位。实际上,位位置7的符号位被用于按数字方式重构成音频2方波而无需模-数转换。有如符号位反复(to toggle)于逻辑0与逻辑1两种状态那样,它在音频2的基频上反复。然而,为了防止符号位由于噪音而引起的反复被识别为音频2,需要确保被PCM字编码的信号电平超过一个确定的最低电平,在此,最好选取为-55dbm(毫瓦分贝),该电平(归一化的)近似相当于5个A-规则的4196编码单位和9.9个MU规则的8159编码单位。关于PCM究竟是A规则的还是MU规则的,以及关于代码究竟是不是EBIC的信息,
都由微处理器17写入一个寄存器(未在图中示出),由它控制图4中的EBIC
/EBIC选择线和A/MU选择线。在图4中,逻辑阵列26的作用是在首先通过三个异或门27、28和29转换PCM字之后执行阈值判定操作。这里,异或门27、28和29是按下列真值表对倒相后锁存在SIPO寄存器25中的PCM字进行转换的。
EBIC=0 EBIC=1 输出
76543210 76543210 76543210
11111111 11010101 00000000
11111110 11010100 00000001
11111101 11010111 00000010
11111100 11010110 00000011
11111011 11010001 00000100
11111010 11010000 00000101
11111001 11010011 00000110
11111000 11010000 00000111
11110111 11011101 00001000
可见,表中的输出代码直接代表一个递增的正电平,当它等于或大于A规则的“10”或MU规则的“101”时,被识别为一个实信号(solid signal)。在此情况下,第7位(符号位)被锁存于锁存器30,锁存器的Q输出便构成了如限幅器18供给MUX16的音频方波(音频2)。
Claims (3)
1、一种数字式合成音频产生装置,包括音频发生器、微处理器、加法器、可变衰耗器、第二扫描器、音频放大器和电声换能器,其特征在于,该装置还包括:
逻辑装置,用于判定一个PCM编码第一音频信号是否已经达到或超过一个预定电平;
锁存装置,响应于所述逻辑装置,用于锁存所述PCM编码第一音频信号中预定的二进制位位置上的、在第一音频信号频率的频率上反复的一个二进制位,以产生一个被锁存位;以及
组合装置,用于组合所述被锁存位和一个第二音频,以提供一个数字合成音频。
2、根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于所述预定的二进制位位置是符号位位置。
3、根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于所述预定的二进制位位置是最高有效位(MSB)位置。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA000560534A CA1287417C (en) | 1988-03-04 | 1988-03-04 | Digital composite tone alerting |
CA560,534 | 1988-03-04 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1036651A CN1036651A (zh) | 1989-10-25 |
CN1016927B true CN1016927B (zh) | 1992-06-03 |
Family
ID=4137565
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN89101231A Expired CN1016927B (zh) | 1988-03-04 | 1989-03-03 | 数字式合成音频产生装置 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4972466A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0331371B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3025768B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR970004062B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1016927B (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE111280T1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA1287417C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE68917956T2 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE469865B (sv) * | 1992-02-17 | 1993-09-27 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | Sätt att etablera samarbete med en funktionalitet samt anordning för utövande av sättet |
US5384807A (en) * | 1992-07-02 | 1995-01-24 | Motorola, Inc. | ADPCM transcoder with integral tone generation and method therefor |
KR970024789A (ko) * | 1995-10-16 | 1997-05-30 | 김광호 | 전화기에서 벨소리 다양화 방법 |
JP2004516709A (ja) * | 2000-12-13 | 2004-06-03 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | 主観的な低音を知覚させることができる呼出信号発生手段を有する電気音響装置 |
KR100816151B1 (ko) * | 2001-07-25 | 2008-03-24 | 엘지노텔 주식회사 | 사설교환기의 다중 벨소리 제공장치 |
CN110675857A (zh) * | 2019-09-23 | 2020-01-10 | 湖北亿咖通科技有限公司 | 一种语音识别自动化测试系统及方法 |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3924077A (en) * | 1973-07-05 | 1975-12-02 | Thomas R Blakeslee | Pulse code modulation time division multiplex telephone system |
JPS5334923B2 (zh) * | 1973-08-28 | 1978-09-25 | ||
IT1143632B (it) * | 1977-01-24 | 1986-10-22 | Sits Soc It Telecom Siemens | Circuito rivelatore di chiamata acustica,specialmente per apparecchi telefonici |
JPS5689165A (en) * | 1979-12-21 | 1981-07-20 | Toshiba Corp | Intermittent ringing tone generation system |
US4322581A (en) * | 1980-02-11 | 1982-03-30 | Stromberg-Carlson Corporation | Multifunction telephone with message information and control information circuits for connecting stations and common equipment in a telephone network |
US4658419A (en) * | 1981-07-22 | 1987-04-14 | Floyd Bell Associates, Inc. | Telephone ringer circuit |
US4534041A (en) * | 1982-02-12 | 1985-08-06 | Northern Telecom Limited | Digital circuit for determining the envelope frequency of PCM encoded call progress tones in a telephone system |
US4477697A (en) * | 1982-11-22 | 1984-10-16 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Method and circuitry for encoding telephone ringing signals |
DE3426915A1 (de) * | 1984-07-21 | 1986-01-30 | Telefonbau Und Normalzeit Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt | Verfahren zur erzeugung eines akustischen rufsignals |
-
1988
- 1988-03-04 CA CA000560534A patent/CA1287417C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1989
- 1989-02-24 DE DE68917956T patent/DE68917956T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-02-24 AT AT89301858T patent/ATE111280T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-02-24 EP EP89301858A patent/EP0331371B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-03-01 JP JP1046705A patent/JP3025768B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-03-03 KR KR1019890002614A patent/KR970004062B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-03-03 CN CN89101231A patent/CN1016927B/zh not_active Expired
- 1989-09-12 US US07/406,860 patent/US4972466A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0331371A3 (en) | 1990-11-14 |
DE68917956T2 (de) | 1995-01-05 |
CA1287417C (en) | 1991-08-06 |
EP0331371A2 (en) | 1989-09-06 |
DE68917956D1 (de) | 1994-10-13 |
EP0331371B1 (en) | 1994-09-07 |
KR890015540A (ko) | 1989-10-30 |
ATE111280T1 (de) | 1994-09-15 |
JPH01284196A (ja) | 1989-11-15 |
US4972466A (en) | 1990-11-20 |
KR970004062B1 (ko) | 1997-03-24 |
CN1036651A (zh) | 1989-10-25 |
JP3025768B2 (ja) | 2000-03-27 |
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