CN101678630B - 用于制造塑料袋的装置和方法 - Google Patents

用于制造塑料袋的装置和方法 Download PDF

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CN101678630B
CN101678630B CN200880009516.5A CN200880009516A CN101678630B CN 101678630 B CN101678630 B CN 101678630B CN 200880009516 A CN200880009516 A CN 200880009516A CN 101678630 B CN101678630 B CN 101678630B
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sack
flow channel
flexible tube
tube section
fluid
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CN101678630A (zh
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C·黑格
C·鲁贝尔
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Windmoeller and Hoelscher KG
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/10Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using hot gases (e.g. combustion gases) or flames coming in contact with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/103Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using hot gases (e.g. combustion gases) or flames coming in contact with at least one of the parts to be joined direct heating both surfaces to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7841Holding or clamping means for handling purposes
    • B29C65/7847Holding or clamping means for handling purposes using vacuum to hold at least one of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/02Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
    • B29C66/024Thermal pre-treatments
    • B29C66/0242Heating, or preheating, e.g. drying
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/47Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/472Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially flat
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8341Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
    • B29C66/83411Roller, cylinder or drum types
    • B29C66/83413Roller, cylinder or drum types cooperating rollers, cylinders or drums
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8341Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
    • B29C66/83411Roller, cylinder or drum types
    • B29C66/83417Roller, cylinder or drum types said rollers, cylinders or drums being hollow
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/836Moving relative to and tangentially to the parts to be joined, e.g. transversely to the displacement of the parts to be joined, e.g. using a X-Y table
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
    • B29C66/851Bag or container making machines
    • B29C66/8511Bag making machines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C69/00Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore
    • B29C69/005Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore cutting-off or cutting-out a part of a strip-like or sheet-like material, transferring that part and fixing it to an article
    • B29C69/006Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore cutting-off or cutting-out a part of a strip-like or sheet-like material, transferring that part and fixing it to an article rotating transfer means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27DWORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D5/00Other working of veneer or plywood specially adapted to veneer or plywood
    • B27D5/003Other working of veneer or plywood specially adapted to veneer or plywood securing a veneer strip to a panel edge
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2793/00Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation
    • B29C2793/0081Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation before shaping
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7371General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable
    • B29C66/73711General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable oriented
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/712Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
    • B29L2031/7128Bags, sacks, sachets
    • B29L2031/7129Bags, sacks, sachets open
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31BMAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B50/00Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
    • B31B50/60Uniting opposed surfaces or edges; Taping
    • B31B50/72Uniting opposed surfaces or edges; Taping by applying and securing strips or sheets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31BMAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B70/00Making flexible containers, e.g. envelopes or bags
    • B31B70/60Uniting opposed surfaces or edges; Taping
    • B31B70/64Uniting opposed surfaces or edges; Taping by applying heat or pressure

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于用密封方法和/或粘合方法优选在制造由经过涂覆的塑料织物制成的袋子(2、2’)时连接所述袋子(2、2’)或者软管段的至少两个包括塑料的组成部分的装置(1)。该装置具有输送机构、加热机构(13、14)和用于压挤所述两个组成部分的压紧机构(10、11、12),其中所述袋子或者软管段能够利用所述输送机构沿运行方向(z)来输送,利用所述加热机构(13、14)能够至少将至少两个组成部分的有待连接的表面一直加热到塑化温度之上,并且所述压紧机构沿所述软管段的运行方向直接连接到所述加热机构上并且所述至少两个组成部分只要其表面依然被塑化就能够用所述压紧机构相接触并且/或者压挤。在此设置了一个预热机构(20),利用该预热机构所述袋子(2、2’)或者软管段的至少两个组成部分的至少其中之一能够被加载经过加热的气态的流体并且能够被预热到高于外界温度并且低于塑化温度的温度并且所述预热机构沿所述袋子(2、2’)或者软管段的运行方向(z)布置在所述加热机构(13、14)之前。

Description

用于制造塑料袋的装置和方法
技术领域
本发明涉及用于用密封和/或粘合方法来连接由塑料制成的袋子或软管段的至少两个组成部分的一种装置和一种方法。
背景技术
已知用于制造由塑料制成的袋子的装置和方法。在此,由塑料制成的软管段经常用作比如可能由经过涂覆的塑料织物制成的原始工件。这种塑料织物经常由拉伸的塑料细带制成,所述塑料细带在织机上编织成圆形织物。另一种方案是制造扁形织物,所述扁形织物后来通过将纵边并合在一起的做法成形为软管。
塑料织物的涂覆可以通过两种方式进行。因此,所述拉伸的细带可以在编织之前被涂覆。但是应该将制成的织物作为整体覆上单面的或者双面的涂层。
由拉伸的塑料细带以及涂层制成的织物的结构赋予这种材料以特殊的性能。拉伸的塑料细带具有很高的抗拉强度并且在由此制成的工件上导致很高的强度,这种强度由于编织过程存在于所有可能的负荷方向上。但是为了能够将这样的工件的不同的组成部分彼此连接起来,提供所述涂层,该涂层有力地附着在所述塑料细带上。通过化学的或者热的过程,这些涂层可以在应该将这些软管段或者袋子的两个组成部分连接起来时彼此相融合。直接用这样的过程将所述塑料细带连接起来的尝试经常使强度受到不好的影响。这一点首先在热量作用于塑料细带时适用。
在制造由经过涂覆的塑料织物制成的袋子时,应该将组成部分比如后来的底部的横褶()或者说折翼(Klappen)彼此连接起来。制造过程以如下方法进行:首先将一个与软管分开的软管段的至少一个端部包卷并使其伸幅(ausgestrichen),从而产生敞开的底部矩形以及侧面的三角形的角横褶。随后可以将气门条(Ventilzettel)或者气门软管段放入敞开的底部中。现在封闭所述底部,方法是将所述底部矩形的不与角横褶邻接的纵向棱边折拢并且彼此相连接并且在需要的情况下与所述角横褶和/或与形成气门的工件相连接。最后还可以在底部上固定一个所谓的底部盖片,用于赋予该底部以更高的强度。
公开文献DE 19818720A1提出,为连接经过涂覆的塑料织物的组成部分使用具有指定的温度的热空气。通过所述热空气来使涂层塑化或者说熔解。在这过程中将热量导送到相关的组成部分的有待彼此相连接的表面上,其中应该避免本来的织物的过分加热。然后,使所述表面彼此相接触并且将所述组成部分彼此压紧在一起。只要表面涂层仍被塑化,这种压紧过程就通过压紧机构比如两个形成一条辊缝的轧辊来进行,所述组成部分被导送穿过所述辊缝。在冷却之后,两个表面以及由此所述软管段的或者袋子的组成部分牢固地彼此相连接。
在这种方法中熔化的表面相连接,该方法也称为密封法。比如可以通过液化的塑料的加热在有待连接的表面之间加入胶粘剂。
但是这种已知的装置的缺点是,在给相应的工件的涂层加热时必须使穿过时间(Durchlaufzeit)与通过热空气流伴送的输入能量或者说输入热量相协调。这意味着,工件只能以和所述涂层能够被塑化的速度一样的速度运动穿过所述装置。由此这样的装置的效率也就是说每时间单位所制造的袋子的数目受到限制。
发明内容
因此,本发明的任务是,如此改动已知的装置,从而可以在袋子制造方面获得更高的效率。
该任务通过一种具有权利要求1所述特征性特征的装置以及一种具有权利要求15所述特征性特征的方法得到解决。
相应地设置了一个预热机构,利用该预热机构能够向软管段的有待连接的组成部分的至少一个组成部分加载经过加热的气态的流体并将其预热到高于常温的温度。所述预热机构在此沿所述软管段或者说袋子的运行方向布置在加热机构之前。
在这种预热过程中,所述软管段的组成部分应该尽可能不要预热到高于塑化温度的温度。但是并不总是应该避免这一点或者说甚至可能期望如此。用于对所述组成部分进行预热的气态的流体具有大大高于塑化温度的温度,比如大约为400摄氏度。对于这样的温度而言,最终将所述组成部分加热到的温度也依赖于相关的组成部分的在预热机构的有效范围内的停留时间。
因此利用本发明可以在真正的连接过程开始之前就已向有待连接的组成部分输送热能。所述加热机构随后不再需要向所述组成部分输送和在没有预热机构的装置中一样多的热量。有待连接的组成部分由此可以更为快速地穿过加热机构,相对于按现有技术的装置这就提高了按本发明的装置的产量。本发明在其如下面所解释的一样的设计方案之一中提供其它的优点。
在所述装置的一种有利的设计方案中,在所述预热机构中设置了流动通道,所述流动通道被经过恒温处理的流体从中流过,其中所述流体为气态。不言而喻,应该使所述流体尽可能贴近有待连接的表面,用于得到尽可能好的传热效果。
在使用气态的流体时,特别有利的是,将这种流体直接导送到所述软管段的组成部分上。为此,所述流动通道可以具有开口,利用所述开口可以将流体导送到所述组成部分上。在这种情况下,可以获得的传热效果特别巨大。
在一种有利的设计方案中,所述流动通道包括加入到所述预热机构的至少一个朝向有待恒温处理的组成部分的表面中的空隙,所述预热机构则朝向有待恒温处理的组成部分。这一点尤其可以特别空易地得到实现,如果所述预热机构包括一个金属件比如一块正方形的铝板,该铝板以其最大的外平面朝向所述软管段或者说袋子。
在此有利的是,所述空隙构造为拱顶状。这意味着,横截面比如可以是半圆形。所述空隙在不依赖于横截面形状的情况下在所述预热机构的表面的朝向软管段的一侧上敞开。
在本发明的一种另外的有利的设计方案中,所述流动通道横向于所述软管段的输送方向延伸,使得经过恒温处理的流体尽可能席卷软管段的至少一个组成部分的整个宽度,该软管段的组成部分应该与另一个组成部分相连接。
为了轻易地制造所述预热机构,所述流动通道可以通过简单的盲孔或者直通孔或者铣出的孔来构成。在这样的情况中,有利的是,设置了单独的封闭件,利用所述封闭件能够封闭所述流动通道的敞开的端部区域,从而不会有流体通过这些端部区域来逸出。
在此特别有利的是,所述封闭件能够在所述流动通道的内部移动,用于使所述流动通道的被流体从中流过的区域与应该得到加热的组成部分的膨胀相匹配。由此可以轻易地防止不应该得到加热的区域得到加热并且可能受到损害。本发明的这种设计方案值得特别注意。用于制造由经过涂覆的如上面所说明的一样的细带织物制成的袋子的装置经常规格可变。尤其可以生产底部具有不同宽度的袋子。为此,这样的装置包括调节机构,利用所述调节机构能够改变对底部接片的关闭来说必要的机构比如导板的间距。在按本发明的装置中规定,也将所述封闭件耦合到所述调节机构上,从而在调整规格时也在没有单独操作的情况下调整所述流动通道的被流体流过的区段。
此外,在所述预热机构的外表面上设置了至少一个第一空心体和至少一个第二空心体,它们的空腔相应地通过至少一条连接管路比如孔与所述流动通道的至少其中之一相通。相应地一个第一及一个第二空心体尤其可以通过多条流动通道彼此相连接,其中多条连接通道可以彼此平行地延伸。在这种情况下,一个第一空心体可以被视为用于所述流体的分配器。相应的第二空心体而后用作用于所述流体的汇集机构。
按照本发明的一种另外的设计方案,为每个空心体配设一个连接管接头,通过该连接管接头可以将流体输送给所述空腔或者将其从这些空腔中排出。
在此特别有利的是,至少一个第一空心体与一个过压源相连接。利用该措施尤其对流动通道中的流体加载流动方向,使得所述流体在实际上从所述软管段的有待加热的组成部分旁边流过并且将热量释放给所述组成部分的所有区域。由于空腔中的过压而引起压力差。当至少一个第二空心体与低压源相连接时,这种压力差会扩大。已经流经所述流动通道的流体由此从所述装置中除去并且排出。所述流体现在再也不会将余热不受控制地释放给软管段或者释放给周围环境。由此避免在生产袋子的时间过程中对外界空气进行加热。
如果所述组成部分得到预热,所述组成部分本身包括两个单件,其中第一个单件与第二个单件搭接,那么按照本发明使流动方向如此与搭接结构相匹配,从而首先沿第一个单件而后沿第二个单件导引流体。应该相应地选择所述预热机构的布置方式。尤其在使用热空气作为流体时,所述预热机构的这种布置方式特别有利,因为否则存在这样的危险,即气流席卷平放在上面的单件并使其竖起,从而无法按规定进行接下来的生产步骤。
附图说明
本发明的其它实施例从下面的具体的说明及附图中得知。其中:
图1是按本发明的装置中的工作站的侧视图;
图2是图1的预热机构20的扩大的视图;
图3是图2的剖面III-III的视图;
图4是图2的剖面IV-IV的视图;
图5是图3或者说4的视图V-V;
图6是预热机构的透视图。
如早已在开头的说明中详细解释的一样,在制造由经过涂覆的塑料织物软管制成的袋子时需要多个方法步骤。尤其为连接后来的袋子的不同的组成部分需要相应的工作站。具体来说这些工作站是:用于施加气门条的工作站,用于持久封闭底部的工作站以及用于施加使袋子的底部得到加固的底部盖片的工作站。必要时可以放弃用于施加底部盖片的工作站的使用。可以设想其它的工作站。
通常所述工作站构造为双重结构,从而可以同时在所述软管段的两个端部上执行相应的作业,在此通常横向于所述软管段的软管纵轴线来输送所述软管段。用于加入气门片或者气门软管的工作站的数目可以按所期望的气门的数目而不同于这个规则。
具体实施方式
图1示出了一个这样的用在按本发明的装置中的工作站1的侧视图,该工作站1是用于将底部盖片3、3’施加到袋子2、2’上的工作站。被横向输送的袋子2、2’在此平放在工作台4上并且通过合适的未示出的输送机构沿输送方向z来输送。将早已准备的底部同样放入工作台的平面中。但是本发明不局限于此,更确切地说所述底部也可以处于一个平面中,该平面正交于通过工作台平面撑开的平面延伸。
通过一个入口5将幅面材料6输送给工作站1,底部盖片3、3’与所述幅面材料6分开。为此所述幅面材料6的前行的端部被切削滚筒7和输送带8所夹住并且向前拉并且被集成在切削滚筒7中的但没有详细示出的切削机构9横向切断。如此产生的底部盖片3、3’被吸入滚筒10所接纳并且放到袋子2、2’的底部上。所述吸入滚筒10与所述背压滚筒11一起形成辊缝12。通过这种方式以很高的力将所述底部盖片3’压紧到所述袋子2’上。在图1中,所述袋子2’的一部分就已和平放在上面的袋子盖片3’一起被导送穿过所述辊缝。在所述辊缝12的入口侧布置了热空气风机13,该热空气风机13的通过喷嘴14定向的热空气流被导入所述辊缝12的入口侧中。热空气不仅使袋子2’的底部上的涂层而且使底部盖片3’上的涂层熔化。在此如可以从图1中看出的一样,表面的涂层熔化或者塑化,所述涂层随后连结在一起。所述表面与仍然熔化的涂层材料在辊缝12中连结在一起,使得所述涂层现在在底部盖片与底部之间形成一个可以被认为是均匀结构的中间层,该中间层在冷却之后持久地将所提到的组成部分连接在一起。
沿输送方向z在所述热空气风机之前布置了一个预热机构20,该预热机构20已经对下一个软管段或者说下一个袋子2进行预热,从而在表面涂层的塑化之前再也不必通过所述热空气风机13向袋子2的材料输送和袋子就在进入辊缝12之前还具有外界温度这种情况一样多的热量。通过这种方式,可以减少每时间单位通过喷嘴14导送的热空气量并且/或者降低热空气流的温度并且/或者缩短有待加热的组成部分的在热空气流中的停留时间。下面借助于图2到6对所述预热机构20的结构和功能进行详细解释。
所述预热机构20包括一个板状的实体()21,流动通道22比如通过铣削和/或钻孔加入在该实体21中。所述流动通道加入到的表面在运行中朝向有待预热的工件比如袋子2。在所述实体21的背向这个表面的一侧上,在该实体中设置了至少两个纵向延伸的空隙23、23’(图4和5),所述空隙23、23’具有矩形的形状。所述实体21可以由每种合适的材料制成不过优选由铝制成。
所述流动通道22在所示出的实施例中构造为拱顶状,也就是说其横截面是扇形。所述预热单元20如此布置在所示出的按本发明的装置中,使得所述流动通道的纵轴线横向于所述软管段或者袋子2的输送方向z延伸。但是所述流动通道的纵轴线也可以纵向于所述输送方向z延伸。所述流动通道22通过孔24与所述空隙23、23’相连接,使得加入到所述空隙中的热空气通过所提到的孔流入所述流动通道中并且可以从这里直接作用于工件上。
可以从图4和5中看出,所述热空气通过一个第一空隙23或者通过多个第一空隙23通过所述孔24流入流动通道中并且从所述流动通道22通过其它的孔24流到一个第二空隙23’或者多个第二空隙23’中。在此向热空气流施加所提到的在图4中用箭头x表示的流动方向,方法是在至少一个第一空隙23上产生过压并且/或者在至少一个第二空隙23’上产生低压。
在此根据以下考虑来选择流动方向。如早已说明的一样,所述袋子2、2’的不同的组成部分彼此搭接。在图4中可以看出,第一底部区段16以其边缘区域平放在一个第二底部区段17上。因此让所述热空气从第一底部区域朝第二底部区域的方向流动是有意义的。在热空气反向流动时,热空气则碰到上面的层16的侧边并且可能试图在这个层下方开辟路径,从而可能抬高这个层。而后可能又破坏可能在这个时刻已经在下面的层与上面的层之间存在的可能还没有足够冷却的密封连接。
为了能够用过压向至少一个第一空隙23加载热空气,在所述实体21的空隙23的边缘区域中固定着空心体25,该空心体25在所述空隙的区域中敞开。所述空隙23和空心体25因此限定一个空腔26。当然,所述空心体25还包括一个管接头27,通过该管接头27能够输送处于过压之下的热空气。
类似地,在至少一个第二空隙23’上面设置了一个空心体25’,使得至少一个第二空隙23’和所述空心体25’限定一个空腔26’。所述空心体25’同样装备着一个管接头27’,通过该管接头27’可以排出所述热空气。为此,这个管接头27’能够与低压源相连接。
如果设置了多个空隙23和/或多个空隙23’,那当然也可以设置多个空心体25和/或多个空心体25’。
所述流动通道22在所述实体21的整个宽度范围内延伸并且侧向敞开。为了一方面防止热空气通过敞开的侧面逸出,设置了封闭件28、28’,所述封闭件28、28’在其横截面中至少基本上相当于所述流动通道22的横截面。现在为了让热空气仅仅作用于也应该与其它的组成部分比如底部盖片3、3’相连接的区域上,这些封闭件能够相对于所述实体21或者说流动通道22进行运动。因此比如可以设想,所述封闭件填满全部的流动通道,用于使相应的流动通道停止工作。在所示出的实施例中为每条流动通道22分配了至少两个封闭件28和28’,这两个封闭件28和28’的长度小于相关的流动通道22的纵向伸长。单个的封闭件28、28’能够沿所述流动通道22的纵向方向移动,从而可以用它们来封闭不同的孔24。因而通过移动可以释放所期望的数目的孔24,然后热空气可以通过所述孔到达工件处。这样的可调节性在按本发明的装置应该规格可变时也就是说在比如应该制造具有底部的不同伸长的袋子时十分有利。
为了简化和加速所说明的调整过程,将多个封闭件28固定在轨道上。封闭件28和/或轨道29的移动导致所有的封闭件28的移动。相应地所述封闭件28’与轨道29’相连接。在此有利的是,所述轨道29、29’直接与用于对整个装置进行规格调节的元件相连接,从而完全省去所述封闭件的单独移动。在对所述装置进行规格调节时,比如应该对将软管段输送穿过所述装置并且在这过程中从工作站输送到工作站的输送机构的间距进行调节或者也应该对比如用于准备底部的导板的间距进行调节。
在图6中可以再次看到所述预热机构20的透视图。
附图标记列表:
  1   工作站
  2、2’   袋子
  3、3’   底部盖片
  4   工作台
  5   入口
  6   幅面材料
  7   切削滚筒
  8   输送带
  9   切削机构
  10   吸入滚筒
  11   背压滚筒
  12   辊缝
  13   热空气风机
  14   喷嘴
  15
  16   第一底部区段
  17   第二底部区段
  18
  19
  20   预热机构
  21   实体
  22   流动通道
  23、23’   空隙
  24   孔
  25、25’   空心体
  26、26’   空腔
  27、27’   管接头
  28、28’   封闭件
  29、29’   轨道
  x   热空气的流动方向
  z   袋子2、2’的输送方向

Claims (13)

1.用于利用密封和/或粘合方法连接袋子(2、2’)或者软管段的至少两个包括塑料的组成部分的装置(1),该装置(1)包括以下特征:
-输送机构,利用所述输送机构能够沿运行方向(z)输送所述袋子(2、2’)或者软管段,
-加热机构(13、14),利用所述加热机构(13、14)能够至少将所述至少两个组成部分的有待连接的表面一直加热到塑化温度之上,以及
-用于压挤这两个组成部分的压紧机构(10、11、12),所述压紧机构(10、11、12)沿所述袋子或者软管段的运行方向连接到所述加热机构上,并且所述至少两个组成部分只要其表面依然被塑化就能够用所述压紧机构(10、11、12)相接触并且/或者压挤,
其特征在于,
设置了预热机构(20),
-利用该预热机构(20)所述袋子(2、2’)或者软管段的至少两个组成部分的至少其中之一能够被加载经过加热的气态的流体并且能够被加热到高于外界温度并且低于塑化温度的温度,并且
-所述预热机构(20)沿所述袋子(2、2’)或者软管段的运行方向(z)布置在所述加热机构(13、14)之前,并且所述预热机构(20)包括流动通道(22),所述流动通道(22)被流体从中流过,其中各流动通道(22)的至少一个端部区域能够用至少一个封闭件(28、28’)来封闭,所述封闭件(28、28’)能够在所述流动通道的内部并且沿所述流动通道移动。
2.按前述权利要求所述的装置,
其特征在于,
借助于所述预热机构(20)能够将经过加热的气态的流体直接导送到所述袋子(2、2’)或者软管段的至少两个组成部分之一上。
3.按前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置,
其特征在于,
所述流动通道(22)包括加入到朝向所述袋子或者软管段的有待加热的组成部分的表面中的空隙。
4.按前一项权利要求所述的装置,
其特征在于,
所述空隙构造为拱顶状并且朝所述袋子或者软管段的有待加热的组成部分的方向敞开。
5.按权利要求1所述的装置,
其特征在于,
所述流动通道(22)横向于所述袋子(2、2’)或者软管段的输送方向(z)延伸。
6.按权利要求1所述的装置,
其特征在于,
在所述预热机构的背向所述袋子(2、2’)或者软管段的组成部分的外表面上布置了至少一个第一空心体(25)和至少一个第二空心体(25’),它们的空腔(26、26’)至少与流动通道(22)相通。
7.按前一项权利要求所述的装置,
其特征在于,
所述预热机构包括管路,其第一端部汇入所述流动通道中并且其第二端部汇入所述空心体的空腔之一中。
8.按前一项权利要求所述的装置,
其特征在于,
所述管路构造为直通孔。
9.按权利要求7或8所述的装置,
其特征在于,
每个空心体(25、25’)都拥有连接管接头(27、27’),通过所述连接管接头(27、27’)能够将流体加入到相应的空腔中或者将其抽出。
10.按前一项权利要求所述的装置,
其特征在于,
第一空心体(25)与用于对流体进行加热的机构相连接,该机构将经过加热的流体用过压加入到相应的空腔(26)中,并且第二空心体(25’)能够与低压产生机构相连接,该低压产生机构抽出所述流体,其中所述第一空心体和所述第二空心体通过至少一条流动通道(22)和管路彼此相连接,使得所述流体沿预先给定的流动方向(x)流动。
11.按前一项权利要求所述的装置,
其特征在于,
如果有待加热的组成部分包括一个第一组成部分(16)和一个第二组成部分(17),其中所述第一组成部分(16)接触地搭接着所述第二组成部分(17),那么所述流动方向(x)就从所述第一组成部分(16)朝所述第二组成部分(17)的方向延伸。
12.用于借助于密封和/或粘合将袋子或者软管段的至少两个包括塑料的组成部分连接起来的方法,
-其中所述袋子或者软管段用输送机构沿运行方向来输送,
-其中所述至少两个组成部分的有待密封的表面借助于加热机构一直加热到高于塑化温度,并且
-其中所述两个组成部分在加热之后只要其表面仍然塑化就受到压挤,
其特征在于,
所述袋子或者软管段的至少两个组成部分的至少其中之一借助于经过加热的气态的流体预热到高于外界温度的温度,其中所述预热在所述袋子或者软管段到达所述加热机构之前进行,其中所述流体被导送穿过流动通道,其中流动通道(22)的至少一个端部区域用至少一个封闭件(28、28’)来封闭,所述封闭件(28、28’)通过在所述流动通道内部并且沿所述流动通道的移动被置于所期望的位置中。
13.按前一项权利要求所述的方法,
其特征在于,
所述袋子或者软管段的至少两个组成部分的至少其中之一借助于经过加热的气态的流体加热到低于塑化温度的温度。
CN200880009516.5A 2007-01-23 2008-01-15 用于制造塑料袋的装置和方法 Expired - Fee Related CN101678630B (zh)

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DE102012103508A1 (de) * 2011-11-24 2013-07-25 Holger Kluge Düsenanordnung für eine Kantenstreifenaufbringvorrichtung zur Beaufschlagung eines kleberlosen, wärmeaktivierbaren oder mit Heißkleber beschichteten Kantenstreifens oder Werkstücks mit Heißluft und Kantenstreifenaufbringvorrichtung mit einer Düsenanordnung
CN108068402A (zh) * 2017-11-30 2018-05-25 颍上县浩楠塑料包装有限公司 一种塑料袋手提孔制造设备
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