CN101664108A - Rumen protected methionine and production method thereof - Google Patents
Rumen protected methionine and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101664108A CN101664108A CN200910093813A CN200910093813A CN101664108A CN 101664108 A CN101664108 A CN 101664108A CN 200910093813 A CN200910093813 A CN 200910093813A CN 200910093813 A CN200910093813 A CN 200910093813A CN 101664108 A CN101664108 A CN 101664108A
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Abstract
The invention discloses rumen protected methionine and a production method thereof. The rumen protected methionine consists of a core and a shell, wherein the shell is rumen pass fat powder, the active ingredient of the core is methionine; and the mass ratio of the methionine to the rumen pass fat powder is (35-65):(30-60). Animal experiments prove that: the rumen protected methionine has good stability and high small intestine digestibility, can obviously improve the nitrogen metabolism of milk cows, can improve the milk yield and the milk quality of the milk cows during the production, and obtain considerable economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rumen protected methionine and production method thereof.
Background technology
Methionine is the essential amino acid and first limiting amino acid of cow producing milk.Methionine content is generally lower in the general conventional milk cow forage, causes amino acid imbalance or wretched insufficiency in the dairy cow diet, causes the feed protein utilization rate low, and content of milk protein descends.Directly add common methionine in dairy cow diet, because the effect of rumen microorganism, most of methionine of interpolation is degraded in cud, can not arrive small intestine.So not only do not reach the effect of adding methionine, also can cause the waste of methionine.Unique way of dealing with problems is that the amino acid that is added is carried out rumen-protected processing, and it is not degraded in cud, directly arrives small intestine and is absorbed and used.In dairy cow diet, add through the methionine (rumen bypass methionine) that overprotection is handled and to make amino acid balance more in the chyme that arrives small intestine; thereby improve the utilization rate of dietary protein; save protein feeds; reduce production costs; improve milk production of cow and content of milk protein; and then improve the economic benefit that milk cow produces, and reduce the discharging of nitrogen in the fecaluria simultaneously, have important function to reducing environmental pollution.
At present, the rumen-protected processing of methionine mainly contains chemoproection and two kinds of methods of physical protection.
The major product that adopts the chemoproection method to produce has methionine hydroxy analog and methionine metallo-chelate.Methionine hydroxy analog (MHA) and calcium salt (MHA-Ca) thereof are to develop the product with rumen bypass methionine function of morning, comparative maturity.MHA is the dark brown thick liquid, and the special odor of sulfide and extremely strong acidity are arranged, and pH 1~2.MHA does not degrade in cud, is absorbed at duodenum, in liver and kidney, is converted into the L-methionine and is utilized by body under the effect of amino acid oxidase, D-amino acid oxidase and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase.Because MHA is a liquid, and very strong corrosivity is arranged again, and is in use very inconvenient.MHA-Ca is on the basis of MHA, through with the neutralization of calcium hydroxide or calcium oxide, dry, the solid pulverizing, make after the screening, convenient than MHA in the use.Because also do not have homemade goods on the China market at present, the imported product price is higher, in producing, China milk cow seldom uses.
The methionine metallo-chelate is to make methionine and some metal ion that huge legendary turtle be taken place to close reaction, and methionine and metal ion huge legendary turtle are lumped together, and reduces the degraded of methionine in cud with this, and studying more at present is zinc methionine.But because the chemical bond that methionine combines with metal ion in the methionine metallo-chelate is very insecure, it is undesirable therefore to cross the cud effect, and unstable.In addition, because animal is higher than requirement to metallic element far away to the requirement of methionine, if therefore adopt this method to replenish methionine, when methionine is satisfied the demand, must causes the seriously excessive of metallic element, even metal poisoning takes place to ruminant.
The physical protection of methionine mainly be adopt do not degrade at ruminant tumor gastric, to be at abomasum and the digestible material of small intestine that packaging material wraps methionine processed; thereby make methionine can pass through cud as core; and in abomasum and small intestine, discharge, digested and assimilated.Packaging material commonly used has dystectic fat (acid), fatty acid calcium and high molecular polymer etc.At present, handling existing problem with fat (acid) packaging material mainly is that the technology that adopted is unreasonable, methionine content is lower, bag is by inhomogeneous and incomplete, thereby it is relatively poor to cross the cud effect, and the physical aspect of product is also undesirable, particle is bigger, and inhomogeneous, can not suitability for industrialized production, also inconvenience is used aborning.It is fine to be with high molecular polymer that methionine that packaging material is handled is crossed the cud effect, and the product methionine content is also higher, but the cost of packaging material is higher, complex process, thereby the product price height of producing, and economic feasibility is poor; In addition, some high molecular polymers itself are not had a trophic function, are not easy to be absorbed by animal.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of rumen protected methionine and production method thereof.
Rumen protected methionine provided by the present invention is made up of nuclear and shell two parts, and described shell is the rumen-undegraded fat powder, and the active component of described nuclear is a methionine; The mass ratio of described methionine and described rumen-undegraded fat powder can be (35-65): (30-60).
Wherein, the mass ratio of described methionine and described rumen-undegraded fat powder specifically can be selected from following 1)-3) in any:
1)(45-55)∶(40-50);
2)55∶40;
3)45∶50。
In the above-mentioned rumen protected methionine, described rumen-undegraded fat powder specifically can be Bergafat T-300.
In the above-mentioned rumen protected methionine, described nuclear is made up of methionine and auxiliary material.
In the above-mentioned rumen protected methionine, the mass ratio of described nuclear and described shell can be selected from following in a)-d) any:
a)(40-70)∶(30-60);
b)(50-60)∶(40-50);
c)60∶40;
d)50∶50。
In the above-mentioned rumen protected methionine, the mass ratio of described methionine, described auxiliary material and described rumen-undegraded fat powder can be selected from following e)-in h) any:
e)(35-65)∶5∶(30-60);
f)(45-55)∶5∶(40-50);
g)45∶5∶50;
h)55∶5∶40。
In the above-mentioned rumen protected methionine, described auxiliary material specifically can be dextrin and/or microcrystalline cellulose.The mass ratio of dextrin and microcrystalline cellulose is 1: 4.
Above-mentioned rumen protected methionine is a graininess, and the diameter of described particle is 0.90-1.10mm.
The preparation method of above-mentioned rumen protected methionine provided by the present invention may further comprise the steps:
(1) preparation granules of methionine
Methionine, dextrin and microcrystalline cellulose described in the above-mentioned rumen protected methionine evenly mixed in proportion, and water is modulated then, makes the granules of methionine that diameter is 0.4-0.60mm then;
(2) drying of granules of methionine
The granules of methionine of making in the step (1) is carried out drying; Drying is carried out in fluidized granulation dressing machine, and the heating-up temperature in the described drying is 80 ℃, air inducing frequency 35Hz, and rotating speed 45Hz, be 30 minutes drying time; Also the granules of methionine that obtains is sieved after described drying, collection cut size is more than or equal to the granules of methionine of 0.40mm less than 0.60mm;
(3) the bag quilt of granules of methionine
With the fusing of the rumen-undegraded fat powder described in the above-mentioned rumen protected methionine, the granules of methionine that obtains in the step (2) is wrapped quilt, obtain rumen protected methionine.
The bag of described step (3) granules of methionine is carried out with fluidized granulation dressing machine; the method of described bag quilt is: described granules of methionine is heated to 35 ℃; rumen-undegraded fat powder with fusing sprays to the granules of methionine surface under the following conditions: 100 ℃ of compressed air temperature; peristaltic pump rotating speed 8rpm; air inducing frequency 28Hz, rotating speed 49Hz, 50 ℃ of air inducing temperature; 40 ℃ of leaving air temps obtain rumen protected methionine.
The present invention adopts the physics coating technique that methionine is protected to handle and makes rumen protected methionine; selected packaging material is a kind of commercially available ruminant feed rumen-undegraded fat powder; it is effective to cross cud; small intestine digestibility height; having high trophic function, is a kind of extraordinary ruminant energetic nourishing replenishers.This fatty powder is a raw material with the vegetablefats, is high energy feed raw material commonly used during ruminant produces, and has the lot number of relevant authorities of country, does not have any safety problem.The bag that the present invention adopts is reasonable by technology, and the bag quilt is evenly complete, product methionine content height, and it is effective to cross cud, has desirable physical aspect, and particle is little, and evenly, good fluidity is easy to directly use aborning.Through the animal experiment checking, rumen protected methionine of the present invention can obviously improve the nitrogen metabolism of milk cow, adds rumen protected methionine of the present invention and can improve milk production of cow and content of milk protein in dairy cow diet, obtains considerable economic.
The specific embodiment
Following example is used for content of the present invention more clearly is described, but is not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Among the following embodiment if no special instructions method therefor be conventional method, agents useful for same all can obtain from commercial channels.
The preparation of embodiment one, rumen protected methionine 1
1. preparation granules of methionine
Methionine, dextrin and microcrystalline cellulose mixed in proportion obtain mixture; in this mixture; the shared mass ratio of methionine is 94.4%; the shared mass ratio of dextrin is 1.1%; the shared mass ratio of microcrystalline cellulose is 4.5%, and water is modulated into the state that can granulate with mixture then, is prepared into particle with granulator; use spherical shot-blasting machine ball blast again, obtain granules of methionine.
2. the drying of granules of methionine
The granules of methionine of preparation in the step 1 is put into fluidized granulation dressing machine carry out drying.The equipment heating-up temperature is 80 ℃, air inducing frequency 35Hz, rotating speed 45Hz, dry 30 minutes.Sieve with 30 orders and 40 mesh sieves respectively then, obtain particle diameter more than or equal to the dry granules of methionine of 0.40mm less than 0.60mm.
3. the bag quilt of granules of methionine
With rumen-undegraded fat powder Bergafat T-300 (Berg ﹠amp; Schmidt Asia Pte Ltd) melt under greater than 60 ℃ temperature, the granules of methionine that step 2 is prepared adopts end pressure spray process to wrap quilt in fluidized granulation dressing machine, and wherein granules of methionine and rumen-undegraded fat powder mass ratio are 90: 10.
Bag by the time technological parameter be: granules of methionine is heated to 35 ℃; 100 ℃ of compressed air temperature; peristaltic pump rotating speed 8rpm; air inducing frequency 28Hz; rotating speed 49Hz, 50 ℃ of air inducing temperature, 40 ℃ of leaving air temps; the rumen-undegraded fat powder of fusing is all sprayed to the granules of methionine surface, obtain rumen protected methionine 1.Rumen protected methionine 1 is a graininess, and the diameter of particle is 0.90-1.10mm.
The preparation of embodiment two, rumen protected methionine 2
1. preparation granules of methionine
Methionine, dextrin and microcrystalline cellulose mixed in proportion obtain mixture.The shared mass ratio of methionine is 92.9% in this mixture; the shared mass ratio of dextrin is 1.4%; the shared mass ratio of microcrystalline cellulose is 5.7%; water is modulated into mixture the state that can granulate then; be prepared into particle with granulator; use spherical shot-blasting machine ball blast again, obtain granules of methionine.
2. the drying of granules of methionine
The granules of methionine of preparation in the step 1 is put into fluidized granulation dressing machine carry out drying.The equipment heating-up temperature is 80 ℃, air inducing frequency 35Hz, rotating speed 45Hz, dry 30 minutes.Sieve with 30 orders and 40 mesh sieves respectively then, obtain particle diameter more than or equal to the dry granules of methionine of 0.40mm less than 0.60mm.
3. the bag quilt of granules of methionine
With rumen-undegraded fat powder Bergafat T-300 (Berg ﹠amp; Schmidt Asia Pte Ltd) melt under greater than 60 ℃ temperature, the granules of methionine that step 2 is prepared adopts end pressure spray process to wrap quilt in fluidized granulation dressing machine, and wherein granules of methionine and rumen-undegraded fat powder mass ratio are 70: 30.
Bag by the time technological parameter be: granules of methionine is heated to 35 ℃; 100 ℃ of compressed air temperature; peristaltic pump rotating speed 8rpm; air inducing frequency 28Hz; rotating speed 49Hz, 50 ℃ of air inducing temperature, 40 ℃ of leaving air temps; the rumen-undegraded fat powder of fusing is all sprayed to the granules of methionine surface, obtain rumen protected methionine 2.Rumen protected methionine 2 is a graininess, and the diameter of particle is 0.90-1.10mm.
The preparation of embodiment three, rumen protected methionine 3
1. preparation granules of methionine
Methionine, dextrin and microcrystalline cellulose mixed in proportion obtain mixture.The shared mass ratio of methionine is 91.7% in this mixture; the shared mass ratio of dextrin is 1.6%; the shared mass ratio of microcrystalline cellulose is 6.7%; water is modulated into mixture the state that can granulate then; be prepared into particle with granulator; use spherical shot-blasting machine ball blast again, obtain granules of methionine.
2. the drying of granules of methionine
The granules of methionine of preparation in the step 1 is put into fluidized granulation dressing machine carry out drying.The equipment heating-up temperature is 80 ℃, air inducing frequency 35Hz, rotating speed 45Hz, dry 30 minutes.Sieve with 30 orders and 40 mesh sieves respectively then, obtain particle diameter more than or equal to the dry granules of methionine of 0.40mm less than 0.60mm.
3. the bag quilt of granules of methionine
With rumen-undegraded fat powder Bergafat T-300 (Berg ﹠amp; Schmidt Asia Pte Ltd) melt under greater than 60 ℃ temperature, the granules of methionine that step 2 is prepared adopts end pressure spray process to wrap quilt in fluidized granulation dressing machine.Wherein granules of methionine and rumen-undegraded fat powder mass ratio are 60: 40.
Bag by the time technological parameter be: granules of methionine is heated to 35 ℃; 100 ℃ of compressed air temperature; peristaltic pump rotating speed 8rpm; air inducing frequency 28Hz; rotating speed 49Hz, 50 ℃ of air inducing temperature, 40 ℃ of leaving air temps; the rumen-undegraded fat powder of fusing is all sprayed to the granules of methionine surface, obtain rumen protected methionine 3.Rumen protected methionine 3 is a graininess, and the diameter of particle is 0.90-1.10mm.
The preparation of embodiment four, rumen protected methionine 4
1. preparation granules of methionine
Methionine, dextrin and microcrystalline cellulose mixed in proportion obtain mixture.The shared mass ratio of methionine is 90.0% in this mixture; the shared mass ratio of dextrin is 2.0%; the shared mass ratio of microcrystalline cellulose is 8.0%; water is modulated into mixture the state that can granulate then; be prepared into particle with granulator; use spherical shot-blasting machine ball blast again, obtain granules of methionine.
2. the drying of granules of methionine
The granules of methionine of preparation in the step 1 is put into fluidized granulation dressing machine carry out drying.The equipment heating-up temperature is 80 ℃, air inducing frequency 35Hz, rotating speed 45Hz, dry 30 minutes.Sieve with 30 orders and 40 mesh sieves respectively then, obtain particle diameter more than or equal to the dry granules of methionine of 0.40mm less than 0.60mm.
3. the bag quilt of granules of methionine
With rumen-undegraded fat powder Bergafat T-300 (Berg ﹠amp; Schmidt Asia Pte Ltd) melt under greater than 60 ℃ temperature, the granules of methionine that step 2 is prepared adopts end pressure spray process to wrap quilt in fluidized granulation dressing machine.Wherein granules of methionine and rumen-undegraded fat powder mass ratio are 50: 50.
Bag by the time technological parameter be: granules of methionine is heated to 35 ℃; 100 ℃ of compressed air temperature; peristaltic pump rotating speed 8rpm; air inducing frequency 28Hz; rotating speed 49Hz, 50 ℃ of air inducing temperature, 40 ℃ of leaving air temps; the rumen-undegraded fat powder of fusing is all sprayed to the granules of methionine surface, obtain rumen protected methionine 4.Rumen protected methionine 4 is a graininess, and the diameter of particle is 0.90-1.10mm.
The assessment of performance of embodiment five, rumen protected methionine
1. rumen protected methionine is crossed the evaluation of cud effect
With 3 He Sitan lactation cows that the permanence lymphoma stomach fistulization pipe is housed is experimental animal, adopts cud Nylon Bag method to measure methionine in the rumen protected methionine 1 of the present invention's preparation, rumen protected methionine 2, rumen protected methionine 3, the rumen protected methionine 4 respectively and without the cud degradation rate of the processed methionine of bag at 0,2,4,8,12,24 hour 6 incubation time point.
Measurement result sees Table 1.Data in the table 1 are the mean value of three repeated tests.
The degradation rate of methionine in the rumen protected methionine that table 1. Nylon Bag method is measured
Measurement result shows, without processed methionine 100% degraded basically of bag, can not pass through cud fully; The degradation rate that rumen protected methionine 1 was cultivated 4 hours in cud is 99.82%, and the degradation rate of cultivating 24 hours in cud is 99.65%, and promptly this product stops in cow rumen after 4 hours and degraded fully substantially; The degradation rate that rumen protected methionine 2 was cultivated 12 hours in cud is 62.46%, the degradation rate of cultivating 24 hours in cud is 73.87%, there is 37.54% methionine not to be degraded when promptly this product stops 12 hours in cow rumen, has 26.13% methionine not to be degraded when in cow rumen, stopping 24 hours by cud by cud; The degradation rate that rumen protected methionine 3 was cultivated 12 hours in cud is 44.14%, the degradation rate of cultivating 24 hours in cud is 49.03%, there is 55.86% methionine not to be degraded when promptly this product stops 12 hours in cow rumen, has 51.97% methionine not to be degraded when in cow rumen, stopping 24 hours by cud by cud; The degradation rate that rumen protected methionine 4 was cultivated 12 hours in cud is 16.08%; the degradation rate of cultivating 24 hours in cud is 26.92%; there is 83.92% methionine not to be degraded when promptly this product stops 12 hours in cow rumen, has 73.08% methionine not to be degraded when in cow rumen, stopping 24 hours by cud by cud.
Result of the test explanation bag is descended by the raising of the methionine cud degradation rate of methionine with the fatty powder ratio, and promptly the fatty powder ratio is high more, and it is good more by effect to wrap, otherwise then poor more.But along with the increase of fatty powder consumption, the content of the active ingredient in the product (methionine) can reduce gradually.From result of the test, the rumen protected methionine 3 rumen-protected effects of 55% methionine, 5% auxiliary material, 40% fatty powder have reached requirement; The rumen protected methionine 4 rumen-protected best results of 45% methionine, 5% auxiliary material, 50% fatty powder.If continue to increase the ratio of fatty powder, its protection effect can be better.
2. rumen protected methionine is to the evaluation of lactation cow biological effectiveness
1) rumen protected methionine is to the influence of milk cow digestion and metabolism and other main indexs of correlation
With 4 He Sitan lactation cows that the permanence lymphoma stomach fistulization pipe is installed is experimental animal; adopt backing propeller test design carrying out metabolic test, measure and add the influence of rumen protected methionine 4 of the present invention (60 gram/heads day) in the daily ration digestion and metabolism and other main indexs of correlation.Not add rumen protected methionine in contrast in the daily ration.Test mainly the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2. rumen protected methionine is to the influence of milk cow digestion and metabolism and other main indexs of correlation
By table 2 as seen; in lactation cow daily ration, add rumen protected methionine 4 of the present invention; can improve total amino acid and methionine content and blood plasma total protein content in the digestibility, milk of daily ration fibrous matter to a certain extent; reduce urea nitrogen content in milk and the blood plasma, increase substantially utilization rate, plasma free methionine and total amino acid content, plasma glucose and the free fatty acid content of feed nitrogen.The The above results explanation; in lactation cow daily ration, add rumen protected methionine 4 of the present invention; can improve nitrogen metabolism and the energetic supersession of lactation cow greatly, improve the utilization rate of dietary protein, these effects are very beneficial for the give milk raising of performance and milk quality of lactation cow.
2) rumen protected methionine is to the influence of lactation cow production performance
Producing He Sitan lactation cow with 20 head heights is experimental animal, is divided into two groups at random, 10 every group, carries out 70 days feeding experiment by a definite date.
Add the rumen protected methionine 4 (80 gram/heads day) of the present invention's preparation in the test group daily ration; Do not add rumen protected methionine in the control group daily ration, result of the test sees Table 3.
Table 3. rumen protected methionine is to the influence of high yield cow milk performance
By table 3 as seen, in high-yielding lactating cow daily ration, add rumen protected methionine 4 of the present invention, can obviously improve the output of milk and content of milk protein.
Claims (10)
1, rumen protected methionine is made up of nuclear and shell two parts, and described shell is the rumen-undegraded fat powder, and the active component of described nuclear is a methionine; The mass ratio of described methionine and described rumen-undegraded fat powder is (35-65): (30-60).
2, rumen protected methionine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the mass ratio of described methionine and described rumen-undegraded fat powder is selected from following 1)-3) in any:
1)(45-55)∶(40-50);
2)55∶40;
3)45∶50。
3, rumen protected methionine according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described rumen-undegraded fat powder is Bergafat T-300.
4, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described rumen protected methionines, it is characterized in that: described nuclear is made up of methionine and auxiliary material.
5, according to arbitrary described rumen protected methionine in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: the mass ratio of described nuclear and described shell is selected from following in a)-d) any:
a)(40-70)∶(30-60);
b)(50-60)∶(40-50);
c)60∶40;
d)50∶50。
6, according to claim 4 or 5 described rumen protected methionines, it is characterized in that: the mass ratio of described methionine, described auxiliary material and described rumen-undegraded fat powder is selected from following e)-in h) any:
e)(35-65)∶5∶(30-60);
f)(45-55)∶5∶(40-50);
g)45∶5∶50;
h)55∶5∶40。
7, according to claim 4 or 5 or 6 described rumen protected methionines, it is characterized in that: described auxiliary material is dextrin and/or microcrystalline cellulose.
8, rumen protected methionine according to claim 7 is characterized in that: described auxiliary material is dextrin and microcrystalline cellulose, and the mass ratio of described dextrin and microcrystalline cellulose is 1: 4.
9, according to arbitrary described rumen protected methionine in the claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that: described rumen protected methionine is a graininess, and the diameter of described particle is 0.90-1.10mm.
10, the preparation method of claim 8 or 9 described rumen protected methionines may further comprise the steps:
(1) preparation granules of methionine
Methionine, dextrin and microcrystalline cellulose described in claim 8 or the 9 described rumen protected methionines evenly mixed in proportion, and water is modulated then, makes granules of methionine then;
(2) drying of granules of methionine
The granules of methionine of making in the step (1) is carried out drying; Drying is carried out in fluidized granulation dressing machine, and the heating-up temperature in the described drying is 80 ℃, air inducing frequency 35Hz, and rotating speed 45Hz, be 30 minutes drying time; Also the granules of methionine that obtains is sieved after described drying, collection cut size is more than or equal to the granules of methionine of 0.40mm less than 0.60mm;
(3) the bag quilt of granules of methionine
With the fusing of the rumen-undegraded fat powder described in claim 8 or the 9 described rumen protected methionines, the granules of methionine that obtains in the step (2) is wrapped quilt, obtain rumen protected methionine;
Described bag is carried out with fluidized granulation dressing machine, the method of described bag quilt is: described granules of methionine is heated to 35 ℃, rumen-undegraded fat powder with fusing sprays to the granules of methionine surface under the following conditions: 100 ℃ of compressed air temperature, peristaltic pump rotating speed 8rpm, air inducing frequency 28Hz, rotating speed 49Hz, 50 ℃ of air inducing temperature, 40 ℃ of leaving air temps.
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