CN101664108B - Rumen protected methionine and production method thereof - Google Patents
Rumen protected methionine and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses rumen protected methionine and a production method thereof. The rumen protected methionine consists of a core and a shell, wherein the shell is rumen pass fat powder, the active ingredient of the core is methionine; and the mass ratio of the methionine to the rumen pass fat powder is (35-65):(30-60). Animal experiments prove that: the rumen protected methionine has good stability and high small intestine digestibility, can obviously improve the nitrogen metabolism of milk cows, can improve the milk yield and the milk quality of the milk cows during the production, and obtain considerable economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rumen protected methionine and production method thereof.
Background technology
Methionine is the essential amino acid and first limiting amino acid of cow producing milk.Methionine content is generally lower in the general conventional milk cow forage, causes amino acid imbalance or wretched insufficiency in the dairy cow diet, causes the feed protein utilization rate low, and content of milk protein descends.Directly in dairy cow diet, add common methionine, because the effect of rumen microorganism, most of methionine of interpolation is degraded in cud, can not arrive small intestine.So not only do not reach the effect of adding methionine, also can cause the waste of methionine.Unique way of dealing with problems is that the amino acid that is added is carried out rumen-protected processing, and it is not degraded in cud, directly arrives small intestine and is absorbed and used.In dairy cow diet, add through the methionine (rumen bypass methionine) that overprotection is handled and to make the amino acid balance more in the chyme that arrives small intestine; Thereby improve the utilization rate of dietary protein, practice thrift protein feeds, reduce production costs; Improve milk production of cow and content of milk protein; And then improve the economic benefit that milk cow produces, and reduce the discharging of nitrogen in the fecaluria simultaneously, have important function to reducing environmental pollution.
At present, the rumen-protected processing of methionine mainly contains chemoproection and two kinds of methods of physical protection.
The major product that adopts the chemoproection method to produce has methionine hydroxy analog and methionine metallo-chelate.Methionine hydroxy analog (MHA) and calcium salt (MHA-Ca) thereof are to develop the product with rumen bypass methionine function of morning, comparative maturity.MHA is the dark brown thick liquid, and the special odor of sulfide and extremely strong acidity are arranged, and pH 1～2.MHA does not degrade in cud, is absorbed at duodenum, in liver and kidney, under the effect of amino acid oxidase, D-amino acid oxidase and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, is converted into the L-methionine and by the body utilization.Because it is MHA is a liquid, and very strong corrosivity is arranged again, in use very inconvenient.MHA-Ca is on the basis of MHA, through with the neutralization of calcium hydroxide or calcium oxide, dry, the solid pulverizing, make after the screening, convenient than MHA in the use.Because also do not have homemade goods on the China market at present, the imported product price is higher,, China milk cow seldom uses in producing.
The methionine metallo-chelate is to make methionine and some metal ion that huge legendary turtle taken place to close reaction, and methionine and metal ion huge legendary turtle are lumped together, and reduces the degraded of methionine in cud with this, and studying more at present is zinc methionine.But because the chemical bond that methionine combines with metal ion in the methionine metallo-chelate is very insecure, it is undesirable therefore to cross the cud effect, and unstable.In addition, because animal is higher than the requirement to metallic element far away to the requirement of methionine, if therefore adopt this method to replenish methionine, when methionine is satisfied the demand, must causes the seriously excessive of metallic element, even metal poisoning takes place to ruminant.
The physical protection of methionine mainly is to be employed in ruminant tumor gastric not degrade, be that packaging material encapsulates processing to methionine at abomasum and the digestible material of small intestine; Thereby make methionine can pass through cud as core; And in abomasum and small intestine, discharge, digested and assimilated.Packaging material commonly used has dystectic fat (acid), fatty acid calcium and high molecular polymer etc.At present, handling existing problem with fat (acid) packaging material mainly is that the technology that adopted is unreasonable, and methionine content is lower; Encapsulate inhomogeneously and incomplete, thereby it is relatively poor to cross the cud effect, and the physical aspect of product is also undesirable; Particle is bigger; And inhomogeneous, can not suitability for industrialized production, also inconvenience is used aborning.It is fine that the methionine that uses high molecular polymer to handle as packaging material is crossed the cud effect, and the product methionine content is also higher, but the cost of packaging material is higher, complex process, thereby the product price of producing is high, economic feasibility is poor; In addition, some high molecular polymers itself are not had a trophic function, are not easy to be absorbed by animal.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of rumen protected methionine and production method thereof.
Rumen protected methionine provided by the present invention is made up of nuclear and shell two parts, and said shell is the rumen-undegraded fat powder, and the active component of said nuclear is a methionine; The mass ratio of said methionine and said rumen-undegraded fat powder can be (35-65): (30-60).
Wherein, the mass ratio of said methionine and said rumen-undegraded fat powder specifically can be selected from following 1)-3) in any:
1)(45-55)∶(40-50)；
2)55∶40；
3)45∶50。
In the above-mentioned rumen protected methionine, said rumen-undegraded fat powder specifically can be Bergafat T-300.
In the above-mentioned rumen protected methionine, said nuclear is made up of methionine and auxiliary material.
In the above-mentioned rumen protected methionine, the mass ratio of said nuclear and said shell can be selected from following in a)-d) any:
a)(40-70)∶(30-60)；
b)(50-60)∶(40-50)；
c)60∶40；
d)50∶50。
In the above-mentioned rumen protected methionine, the mass ratio of said methionine, said auxiliary material and said rumen-undegraded fat powder can be selected from following e)-in h) any:
e)(35-65)∶5∶(30-60)；
f)(45-55)∶5∶(40-50)；
g)45∶5∶50；
h)55∶5∶40。
In the above-mentioned rumen protected methionine, said auxiliary material specifically can be dextrin and/or microcrystalline cellulose.The mass ratio of dextrin and microcrystalline cellulose is 1: 4.
Above-mentioned rumen protected methionine is a graininess, and the diameter of said particle is 0.90-1.10mm.
The preparation method of above-mentioned rumen protected methionine provided by the present invention may further comprise the steps:
(1) preparation granules of methionine
Methionine, dextrin and microcrystalline cellulose described in the above-mentioned rumen protected methionine evenly mixed in proportion, and water is modulated then, processes the granules of methionine that diameter is 0.4-0.60mm then;
(2) drying of granules of methionine
The granules of methionine of processing in the step (1) is carried out drying; Drying is carried out in fluidized granulation dressing machine, and the heating-up temperature in the said drying is 80 ℃, air inducing frequency 35Hz, and rotating speed 45Hz, be 30 minutes drying time; After said drying, also the granules of methionine that obtains is sieved, collection cut size is more than or equal to the granules of methionine of 0.40mm less than 0.60mm;
(3) granules of methionine encapsulates
With the fusing of the rumen-undegraded fat powder described in the above-mentioned rumen protected methionine, the granules of methionine that obtains in the step (2) is encapsulated, obtain rumen protected methionine.
Encapsulating with fluidized granulation dressing machine of said step (3) granules of methionine carried out, and the said method that encapsulates is: said granules of methionine is heated to 35 ℃, and the rumen-undegraded fat powder with fusing under following condition sprays to the granules of methionine surface: 100 ℃ of compressed air temperature; Peristaltic pump rotating speed 8rpm; Air inducing frequency 28Hz, rotating speed 49Hz, 50 ℃ of air inducing temperature; 40 ℃ of leaving air temps obtain rumen protected methionine.
The present invention adopts the physics coating technique that methionine is protected to handle and makes rumen protected methionine; The packaging material of being selected for use is that a kind of commercially available ruminant feed is used the rumen-undegraded fat powder; It is effective to cross cud; The small intestine digestibility is high, has high trophic function, is a kind of extraordinary ruminant energetic nourishing replenishers.This fatty powder is a raw material with the vegetablefats, is high energy feed raw material commonly used during ruminant produces, and has the lot number of relevant authorities of country, does not have any safety problem.The present invention adopts, and to encapsulate technology reasonable, encapsulates evenly fully, and the product methionine content is high, and it is effective to cross cud, has desirable physical aspect, and particle is little, and evenly, good fluidity is easy to directly use aborning.Through the animal experiment checking, rumen protected methionine of the present invention can obviously improve the nitrogen metabolism of milk cow, in dairy cow diet, adds rumen protected methionine of the present invention and can improve milk production of cow and content of milk protein, obtains considerable economic.
The specific embodiment
Following instance is used for content of the present invention more clearly is described, but is not used for limiting scope of the present invention.
Be conventional method like no specified otherwise method therefor among the following embodiment, agents useful for same all can obtain from commercial sources.
The preparation of embodiment one, rumen protected methionine 1
1. preparation granules of methionine
Methionine, dextrin and microcrystalline cellulose mixed in proportion obtaining mixture, in this mixture, the shared mass ratio of methionine is 94.4%; The shared mass ratio of dextrin is 1.1%; The shared mass ratio of microcrystalline cellulose is 4.5%, and water is modulated into the state that can granulate with mixture then, is prepared into particle with granulator; Use spherical shot-blasting machine ball blast again, obtain granules of methionine.
2. the drying of granules of methionine
The granules of methionine of preparation in the step 1 is put into fluidized granulation dressing machine carry out drying.The equipment heating-up temperature is 80 ℃, air inducing frequency 35Hz, rotating speed 45Hz, dry 30 minutes.Sieve with 30 orders and 40 mesh sieves respectively then, obtain particle diameter more than or equal to the dry granules of methionine of 0.40mm less than 0.60mm.
3. granules of methionine encapsulates
Rumen-undegraded fat powder Bergafat T-300 (Berg & Schmidt Asia Pte Ltd) is melted under greater than 60 ℃ temperature; Granules of methionine to step 2 preparation adopts end pressure spray process to encapsulate in fluidized granulation dressing machine, and wherein granules of methionine and rumen-undegraded fat powder mass ratio are 90: 10.
Technological parameter is when encapsulating: granules of methionine is heated to 35 ℃, 100 ℃ of compressed air temperature, peristaltic pump rotating speed 8rpm; Air inducing frequency 28Hz; Rotating speed 49Hz, 50 ℃ of air inducing temperature, 40 ℃ of leaving air temps; The rumen-undegraded fat powder of fusing is all sprayed to the granules of methionine surface, obtain rumen protected methionine 1.Rumen protected methionine 1 is a graininess, and the diameter of particle is 0.90-1.10mm.
The preparation of embodiment two, rumen protected methionine 2
1. preparation granules of methionine
Methionine, dextrin and microcrystalline cellulose mixed in proportion obtain mixture.The shared mass ratio of methionine is 92.9% in this mixture; The shared mass ratio of dextrin is 1.4%; The shared mass ratio of microcrystalline cellulose is 5.7%, and water is modulated into the state that can granulate with mixture then, is prepared into particle with granulator; Use spherical shot-blasting machine ball blast again, obtain granules of methionine.
2. the drying of granules of methionine
The granules of methionine of preparation in the step 1 is put into fluidized granulation dressing machine carry out drying.The equipment heating-up temperature is 80 ℃, air inducing frequency 35Hz, rotating speed 45Hz, dry 30 minutes.Sieve with 30 orders and 40 mesh sieves respectively then, obtain particle diameter more than or equal to the dry granules of methionine of 0.40mm less than 0.60mm.
3. granules of methionine encapsulates
Rumen-undegraded fat powder Bergafat T-300 (Berg & Schmidt Asia Pte Ltd) is melted under greater than 60 ℃ temperature; Granules of methionine to step 2 preparation adopts end pressure spray process to encapsulate in fluidized granulation dressing machine, and wherein granules of methionine and rumen-undegraded fat powder mass ratio are 70: 30.
Technological parameter is when encapsulating: granules of methionine is heated to 35 ℃, 100 ℃ of compressed air temperature, peristaltic pump rotating speed 8rpm; Air inducing frequency 28Hz; Rotating speed 49Hz, 50 ℃ of air inducing temperature, 40 ℃ of leaving air temps; The rumen-undegraded fat powder of fusing is all sprayed to the granules of methionine surface, obtain rumen protected methionine 2.Rumen protected methionine 2 is a graininess, and the diameter of particle is 0.90-1.10mm.
The preparation of embodiment three, rumen protected methionine 3
1. preparation granules of methionine
Methionine, dextrin and microcrystalline cellulose mixed in proportion obtain mixture.The shared mass ratio of methionine is 91.7% in this mixture; The shared mass ratio of dextrin is 1.6%; The shared mass ratio of microcrystalline cellulose is 6.7%, and water is modulated into the state that can granulate with mixture then, is prepared into particle with granulator; Use spherical shot-blasting machine ball blast again, obtain granules of methionine.
2. the drying of granules of methionine
The granules of methionine of preparation in the step 1 is put into fluidized granulation dressing machine carry out drying.The equipment heating-up temperature is 80 ℃, air inducing frequency 35Hz, rotating speed 45Hz, dry 30 minutes.Sieve with 30 orders and 40 mesh sieves respectively then, obtain particle diameter more than or equal to the dry granules of methionine of 0.40mm less than 0.60mm.
3. granules of methionine encapsulates
Rumen-undegraded fat powder Bergafat T-300 (Berg & Schmidt Asia Pte Ltd) is melted under greater than 60 ℃ temperature, and the granules of methionine that step 2 is prepared adopts end pressure spray process to encapsulate in fluidized granulation dressing machine.Wherein granules of methionine and rumen-undegraded fat powder mass ratio are 60: 40.
Technological parameter is when encapsulating: granules of methionine is heated to 35 ℃, 100 ℃ of compressed air temperature, peristaltic pump rotating speed 8rpm; Air inducing frequency 28Hz; Rotating speed 49Hz, 50 ℃ of air inducing temperature, 40 ℃ of leaving air temps; The rumen-undegraded fat powder of fusing is all sprayed to the granules of methionine surface, obtain rumen protected methionine 3.Rumen protected methionine 3 is a graininess, and the diameter of particle is 0.90-1.10mm.
The preparation of embodiment four, rumen protected methionine 4
1. preparation granules of methionine
Methionine, dextrin and microcrystalline cellulose mixed in proportion obtain mixture.The shared mass ratio of methionine is 90.0% in this mixture; The shared mass ratio of dextrin is 2.0%; The shared mass ratio of microcrystalline cellulose is 8.0%, and water is modulated into the state that can granulate with mixture then, is prepared into particle with granulator; Use spherical shot-blasting machine ball blast again, obtain granules of methionine.
2. the drying of granules of methionine
The granules of methionine of preparation in the step 1 is put into fluidized granulation dressing machine carry out drying.The equipment heating-up temperature is 80 ℃, air inducing frequency 35Hz, rotating speed 45Hz, dry 30 minutes.Sieve with 30 orders and 40 mesh sieves respectively then, obtain particle diameter more than or equal to the dry granules of methionine of 0.40mm less than 0.60mm.
3. granules of methionine encapsulates
Rumen-undegraded fat powder Bergafat T-300 (Berg & Schmidt Asia Pte Ltd) is melted under greater than 60 ℃ temperature, and the granules of methionine that step 2 is prepared adopts end pressure spray process to encapsulate in fluidized granulation dressing machine.Wherein granules of methionine and rumen-undegraded fat powder mass ratio are 50: 50.
Technological parameter is when encapsulating: granules of methionine is heated to 35 ℃, 100 ℃ of compressed air temperature, peristaltic pump rotating speed 8rpm; Air inducing frequency 28Hz; Rotating speed 49Hz, 50 ℃ of air inducing temperature, 40 ℃ of leaving air temps; The rumen-undegraded fat powder of fusing is all sprayed to the granules of methionine surface, obtain rumen protected methionine 4.Rumen protected methionine 4 is a graininess, and the diameter of particle is 0.90-1.10mm.
The assessment of performance of embodiment five, rumen protected methionine
1. rumen protected methionine is crossed the evaluation of cud effect
With 3 He Sitan lactation cows that the permanence lymphoma stomach fistulization pipe is housed is experimental animal, adopts cud Nylon Bag method to measure in the rumen protected methionine 1 of the present invention's preparation, rumen protected methionine 2, rumen protected methionine 3, the rumen protected methionine 4 methionine respectively and without the cud degradation rate of the methionine that encapsulates processing at 0,2,4,8,12,24 hour 6 incubation time point.
Measure the result and see table 1.Data in the table 1 are the mean value of three repeated tests.
The degradation rate of methionine in the rumen protected methionine that table 1. Nylon Bag method is measured
Mensuration result shows, without the methionine that encapsulates processing 100% degraded basically, can not pass through cud fully; The degradation rate that rumen protected methionine 1 was cultivated 4 hours in cud is 99.82%, and the degradation rate of in cud, cultivating 24 hours is 99.65%, and promptly this product stops in cow rumen after 4 hours basically by degraded fully; The degradation rate that rumen protected methionine 2 was cultivated 12 hours in cud is 62.46%; The degradation rate of in cud, cultivating 24 hours is 73.87%; There is 37.54% methionine not to be degraded when promptly this product stops 12 hours in cow rumen, has 26.13% methionine not to be degraded when in cow rumen, stopping 24 hours through cud through cud; The degradation rate that rumen protected methionine 3 was cultivated 12 hours in cud is 44.14%; The degradation rate of in cud, cultivating 24 hours is 49.03%; There is 55.86% methionine not to be degraded when promptly this product stops 12 hours in cow rumen, has 51.97% methionine not to be degraded when in cow rumen, stopping 24 hours through cud through cud; The degradation rate that rumen protected methionine 4 was cultivated 12 hours in cud is 16.08%; The degradation rate of in cud, cultivating 24 hours is 26.92%; There is 83.92% methionine not to be degraded when promptly this product stops 12 hours in cow rumen, has 73.08% methionine not to be degraded when in cow rumen, stopping 24 hours through cud through cud.
The methionine cud degradation rate that result of the test explanation encapsulates methionine descends with the raising of fatty powder ratio, and promptly the fatty powder ratio is high more, and it is good more to encapsulate effect, otherwise then poor more.But along with the increase of fatty powder consumption, the content of the active ingredient in the product (methionine) can reduce gradually.From result of the test, the rumen protected methionine 3 rumen-protected effects of 55% methionine, 5% auxiliary material, 40% fatty powder have reached requirement; The rumen protected methionine 4 rumen-protected best results of 45% methionine, 5% auxiliary material, 50% fatty powder.If continue to increase the ratio of fatty powder, its protection effect can be better.
2. rumen protected methionine is to the evaluation of lactation cow biological effectiveness
1) rumen protected methionine is to the influence of milk cow digestion and metabolism and other main indexs of correlation
With 4 He Sitan lactation cows that the permanence lymphoma stomach fistulization pipe is installed is experimental animal; Adopt backing propeller test design carrying out metabolic test, measure and add the influence of rumen protected methionine 4 of the present invention (60 gram/heads day) in the daily ration digestion and metabolism and other main indexs of correlation.Not add rumen protected methionine in the daily ration as contrast.Test main result and see table 2.
Table 2. rumen protected methionine is to the influence of milk cow digestion and metabolism and other main indexs of correlation
Visible by table 2; In lactation cow daily ration, add rumen protected methionine 4 of the present invention; Can improve total amino acid and methionine content and blood plasma total protein content in the digestibility, milk of daily ration fibrous matter to a certain extent; Reduce urea nitrogen content in milk and the blood plasma, increase substantially utilization rate, plasma free methionine and total amino acid content, plasma glucose and the free fatty acid content of feed nitrogen.The The above results explanation; In lactation cow daily ration, add rumen protected methionine 4 of the present invention; Can improve nitrogen metabolism and the energetic supersession of lactation cow greatly, improve the utilization rate of dietary protein, these effects are very beneficial for the give milk raising of performance and milk quality of lactation cow.
2) rumen protected methionine is to the influence of lactation cow production performance
Producing He Sitan lactation cow with 20 head heights is experimental animal, is divided into two groups at random, 10 every group, carries out 70 days feeding experiment by a definite date.
Add the rumen protected methionine 4 (80 gram/heads day) of the present invention's preparation in the test group daily ration; Do not add rumen protected methionine in the control group daily ration, result of the test is seen table 3.
Table 3. rumen protected methionine is to the influence of high yield cow milk performance
Visible by table 3, in high-yielding lactating cow daily ration, add rumen protected methionine 4 of the present invention, can obviously improve the output of milk and content of milk protein.
Claims (3)
1. rumen protected methionine is made up of nuclear and shell two parts, and said shell is the rumen-undegraded fat powder, and the active component of said nuclear is a methionine; The mass ratio of said methionine and said rumen-undegraded fat powder is selected from following 1)-3) in any: 1) (45-55): (40-50), 2) 55: 40,3) 45: 50; Said rumen-undegraded fat powder is Bergafat T-300; Said nuclear is made up of methionine and auxiliary material; The mass ratio of said nuclear and said shell is selected from following b)-in d) any: b) (50-60): (40-50), c) 60: 40, d) 50: 50; The mass ratio of said methionine, said auxiliary material and said rumen-undegraded fat powder is selected from following f)-in h) any: f) (45-55): 5: (40-50); G) 45: 5: 50; H) 55: 5: 40; Said auxiliary material is dextrin and microcrystalline cellulose, and the mass ratio of said dextrin and microcrystalline cellulose is 1: 4.
2. rumen protected methionine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described rumen protected methionine is a graininess, and the diameter of said particle is 0.90-1.10mm.
3. the preparation method of claim 1 or 2 described rumen protected methionines may further comprise the steps:
(1) preparation granules of methionine
Methionine, dextrin and microcrystalline cellulose described in claim 1 or the 2 described rumen protected methionines evenly mixed in proportion, and water is modulated then, processes granules of methionine then;
(2) drying of granules of methionine
The granules of methionine of processing in the step (1) is carried out drying; Drying is carried out in fluidized granulation dressing machine, and the heating-up temperature in the said drying is 80 ℃, air inducing frequency 35Hz, and rotating speed 45Hz, be 30 minutes drying time; After said drying, also the granules of methionine that obtains is sieved, collection cut size is more than or equal to the granules of methionine of 0.40mm less than 0.60mm;
(3) granules of methionine encapsulates
With the fusing of the rumen-undegraded fat powder described in claim 1 or the 2 described rumen protected methionines, the granules of methionine that obtains in the step (2) is encapsulated, obtain rumen protected methionine;
Said encapsulating with fluidized granulation dressing machine carried out; The said method that encapsulates is: said granules of methionine is heated to 35 ℃, and the rumen-undegraded fat powder with fusing under following condition sprays to the granules of methionine surface: 100 ℃ of compressed air temperature, peristaltic pump rotating speed 8rpm; Air inducing frequency 28Hz; Rotating speed 49Hz, 50 ℃ of air inducing temperature, 40 ℃ of leaving air temps.
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| CN102187943A (en) * | 2010-03-11 | 2011-09-21 | 河北农业大学 | Methionine rumen protected additive and preparation method thereof |
| CN101803684B (en) * | 2010-04-16 | 2012-08-08 | 胡文锋 | Enteric zinc oxide and method for preparing same |
| WO2012027876A1 (en) * | 2010-08-28 | 2012-03-08 | 青岛农业大学 | Rumen bypass amino acid high-energy composition for cow |
| CN104705521A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2015-06-17 | 上海美农生物科技股份有限公司 | Rumen bypass methionine preparation technology |
| CN103689239A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-04-02 | 宜兴市天石饲料有限公司 | Preparation method of rumen-through double-layer coated betaine |
| CN104970228A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2015-10-14 | 浙江万方生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method for rumen-protected lysine |
| CN105076828A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-11-25 | 新疆西部牧业股份有限公司 | Cow-dedicated compound premix for balancing cotton source and corn source amino acid balance |
| JP6735630B2 (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2020-08-05 | バイオ科学株式会社 | Method for producing rumen bypass preparation and granules obtained thereby |
| CN106798094B (en) | 2016-12-16 | 2017-12-12 | 刘春海 | A kind of preparation method of rumen-protected glucose |
| CN106819438A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-06-13 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of cow producing milk performance that can improve can reduce the concentrated feed of elimination of nitrogen again |
| CN107568466A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-01-12 | 北京首农畜牧发展有限公司 | A kind of milk cow tryptophan feed, feed manufacture method and tryptophan application |
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| CN112931699B (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2023-08-04 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Rumen bypass amino acid and preparation method thereof |
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