CN101637093A - Method for improving germination and survival rate of sasanqua seed - Google Patents
Method for improving germination and survival rate of sasanqua seed Download PDFInfo
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- CN101637093A CN101637093A CN200910144700A CN200910144700A CN101637093A CN 101637093 A CN101637093 A CN 101637093A CN 200910144700 A CN200910144700 A CN 200910144700A CN 200910144700 A CN200910144700 A CN 200910144700A CN 101637093 A CN101637093 A CN 101637093A
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- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 108010080698 Peptones Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019319 peptone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 241000223259 Trichoderma Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000034303 cell budding Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 36
- 235000013616 tea Nutrition 0.000 description 34
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000526900 Camellia oleifera Species 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465180 Botrytis Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000001548 Camellia japonica Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001596328 Camellia meiocarpa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001097651 Camellia vietnamensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000370738 Chlorion Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019082 Osmanthus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000333181 Osmanthus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010495 camellia oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000018597 common camellia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009402 cross-breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012531 culture fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000411 inducer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009630 liquid culture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 nitrogen ion Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012015 potatoes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000001082 somatic cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving the germination rate and the survival rate of sasanqua seed, comprising the following steps: refrigerating bred seeds for 10-15 days at 0-4 DEG C; injecting the refrigerated and revived seeds under 20Kev by using 30d or 40d doses of N<+> bundles; finally soaking the seeds for 5-7 days under the room temperature by using a trichoderma fermentation liquid diluted by 50 times; and seeding the treated seeds on a ventilated sand bed to breed at 22-25 DEG C under 60-65 percent of humidity. Fringe selection and grafting are formed during the finish of layer culture until young seedling seed leaves turn into dark green or deep green. The treated sasanqua seeds not only improve the budding percentage to 80-85 percent, but also enable the germination time to be advanced and the fringe selection and the grafting to be advanced to the Qingming festival so as to avoid the phenomena of waterlogging and root-rot caused by the seasons of harvesting, seeding, ripping and the high temperature weather, therefore, the survival rate of the grafting is improved to more than 95 percent.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to the cultivation method of a kind of economic forest, specifically a kind of method that improves oil tea seed germination rate and survival rate.
Two, background technology
Oil tea (Camellia oleifera) is the peculiar oil plant seeds of China, and the main area that distributes is 17 provinces and regions such as osmanthus, Hunan, Anhui, Jiangxi.Oil tea integrates ecological benefits, economic benefit and social benefit, for advancing the mountain area comprehensive exploitation, promote peasant employment to increase income, safeguard national grain and oil safety, improve the people ' s health situation, accelerating territory greening process and all have a very important role, but the conventional breeding cycle of oil tea is very long, also is subjected to the restriction of conditions such as cross-incompatibility.For a long time, all be to grow directly from seeds based on natural seed to breed and polyvoltine seedling greenwood, kind is very different, and yield per unit area is very low, the existing oil tea area under cultivation about 367 * 10 in the whole nation
4Hm
2, produce oil tea only 15 * 10 per year
4～20 * 10
4T accounts for 1.5% of domestic grease consumption figure, from oil tea area under cultivation and output, and average produce oil tea 40～60Kghm
2People such as face Mu Qin studying of reported first oil tea somatic cell embryoid not only since the eighties in 20th century, the result shows, grow up to whole plant again by utilizing oil tea kind daughter neutron base of leaf portion to induce embryoid, and induce the acquisition regeneration plant with the oil tea axillalry bud, with tissue culture with fast after the breeding seedling afforestation, every growth indexes is equal to or surpasses seedling; Lu Tianling utilizes oil tea unmature subleaf, rataria cultured in vitro to obtain plant, various places oil tea worker is devoted to the cultivation of high-yield tea-oil new varieties, selection of oil tea fine tree species and choiceness seed selection research have been carried out, cultivated a collection of high yield choiceness, and the new afforestation of implementation improved variety gradually on producing, but the application of breeding is less than 15% of the oil tea cultivation gross area, comprises that the fast-growing andhigh-yeilding trees that low production forest need now be transformed becomes to be less than 40%.The level of reviewing the oil tea overall yield is still very low, main cause is choiceness nursery stock technology breeding difficulty height, it is extremely unstable to afforest into efficient, greatly restrict the application of Camellia Oleifera Clones, Zhou Sheng in 2004 etc. are used for the oil production index crossbreeding the earliest, with 3 intervarietal cross experiments such as common oil tea (Camellia oleifera) Jiangxi oil tea (C.meiocarpa) Vietnam oil teas (C.vietnamensis), therefrom select the good crossbreed of high yield characteristic, can obtain good hybrid individual plant equally, enriched oil tea breeding resource, realized that the hybrid combination nursery stock goes out the garden then.The side was sharp flourish in 2008, Pan state has opened up the fast numerous base of Huizhou District oil tea forever, adopting Zhejiang Province's Fuyang County bud seedling brill graft technology to select for use from 74-18, the 74-21 choiceness cultivated is breeding fringe bar, adopt the sprout grafting technology, the good asexual grafting seedling of fast breeding children's tea has solved camellia seedling and has survived problem.
Yet, the sprout grafting of vast riverine, the south of the River and areas to the south, before and after grain rains, busy on the occasion of picking tea-leaves, rice transplanting busy, the noon receives busy " three is busy " season and hot and humid weather, have a strong impact on oil tea just grafting growth of seedlings and transplanting, thereby its graft survival rate is reduced greatly.
Three, summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to improve oil tea seed germination rate and graft survival rate, the technical problem to be solved oil tea seed is handled, by sprouting in advance, grafting time is also shifted to an earlier date synchronously, thereby avoid " three is busy " season and hot and humid weather to improve graft survival rate.
Technical scheme of the present invention comprises the oil tea seed treatment, grows seedlings and grafting, and described seed treatment is meant refrigeration, nitrogen ion (N
+) restraint and inject and the incubation processing, refrigeration is meant that the seed to seed selection refrigerates 10～15 days down in 0～4 ℃ of low temperature, N
+Bundle inject be meant to the seed after the refrigeration recovery under 20Kev with 30d or 40d dosage N
+Bundle injected 8～12 minutes, described incubation is exactly with soaking 5～7 days under 50 times the wooden mould zymotic fluid room temperature of dilution, the oil tea seed is broadcast after above-mentioned processing in the ventilated husky bed under 22～25 ℃, 60%～65% damp condition and is grown seedlings, oil tea seed bud ratio through above-mentioned processing reaches 80～85%, when cotyledon is bottle green or blackish green, cambium zoon, plumular axis selects the fringe grafting when changeing hard.
The mould zymotic fluid of described wood be with wood mould be seeded in to carry out in the liquid nutrient medium separating after the fermented and cultured obtain zymotic fluid.
Described liquid nutrient medium with wheat bran or/and rice chaff or/and potato is that base-material (carbon source) chitin, peptone are inducer, auxilliary other basic nutrient components and water are formulated.Wheat bran separates or/and the rice chaff drying adds the suitable quantity of water decoction after pulverizing, and get its juice obtaining liq medium, and potato is bright product peeling back pulverizing, gets bright powder obtaining liq medium, and wheat bran, rice chaff, potato are hereinafter to be referred as the carbon source powder.Each component has following percentage:
Carbon source powder 1～5%
Chitin 0.5～3.5%
Peptone 1.5～2.5%
FeSO
4 0.01～0.03％
KH
2P?O
4 0.02～0.2％
K
2HP?O
4 0.05～0.25％
Mg?SO
4 0.05～0.25％
Water surplus.
With liquid culture keynote pH5.7～6.5 that prepare, inoculate behind the autoclaving, cultivated 5～10 days in 25～40 ℃ of condition bottom fermentations.Isolated by filtration after the fermentation ends if ferment pH＞4 when stopping, is then transferred pH≤4, and sedimentation is filtered, and filtrate pH5.8～6.2 promptly are wooden mould zymotic fluids.This zymotic fluid is used for incubation after diluting 50 times.
Aforesaid liquid medium (except that peptone) and wooden mould zymotic fluid all are disclosed in (patent No. ZL200510039128.X in another patent of invention of applicant, notification number: CN10041150C), in this patent, wooden mould zymotic fluid is the biological bactericide as botrytis resistant.
Oil tea seed germination rate (bud ratio) after above-mentioned processing brings up to 80%～85% by original 30%～40%, not only germination rate improves, and the time of sprouting reach in advance to the time of selecting the fringe grafting also be advanced to clear and bright before and after, thereby avoided busy, that rice transplanting busy and the noon receipts are busy " three the is busy " season of picking tea-leaves, also avoided the ponding bad root phenomenon that hot and humid weather causes, the survival rate of grafting is increased to more than 95%.
Four, embodiment
(1), wooden mould preparation of fermentation liquid
1, the preparation of carbon source powder
Get wheat bran or rice chaff crushed after being dried, perhaps pulverizing, standby behind the peeling potatoes.
2, chitinous preparation
Get crab shell, dried small shrimp or shell and reject remaining (remaining) slough, clean the back oven dry, pulverize, drop in the technical hydrochloric acid and soaked 24 hours, and constantly stir, be washed to neutrality, redistilled water flush away chlorion, crushed after being dried, standby.
For making things convenient for enterprise to produce, available commercially available chitin powder replaces.
3, culture fluid preparation and fermented and cultured
Get wheat bran or rice husk meal 25～30g, add 200～350ml, boiled 0.5～1 hour, filter, treat that filtrate cooling back adds 0.2g FeSO
4, 1g KH
2P O
4, 1.5g K
2HPO
4, 2g Mg SO
4, 20g chitin and 20g peptone or get fresh potato powder 25～30g, add in 200～350ml water, add 0.2g FeSO then
4, 1g KH
2PO
4, 1.5gK
2HPO
4, 2g Mg SO
4, 20g chitin and 20g peptone, be settled to 1000ml with distilled water diluting, transfer pH to 6.0～6.2 with sodium citrate solution at last.
To inoculate behind the above-mentioned prepared culture autoclaving, adding does not have the mould spore suspension 1ml of assorted bacterium wood, contains spore 1 * 10
6Individual/ml.In 26～28 ℃ of condition bottom fermentations about 1 week, measure terminal point pH, isolated by filtration when pH≤5.3, and transfer pH≤4 with oxalic acid, the sedimentation isolated by filtration is transferred pH5.8～6.2 with sodium tripolyphosphate solution, promptly is wooden mould zymotic fluid.10 ℃ of following low temperature storages.Standby.
(2), oil tea seed treatment
1, refrigeration
The oil tea seed of results is then rejected ghost, breakage and the seed of damage by disease and insect is arranged through the water flotation, and airing behind the wet concentration makes moisture content＜10%, inserts in the refrigerator, and 0～4 ℃ refrigerates 12 days down.
2, N
+Bundle injects
Adopt N
+Beam implanter (ibbe/device type) dosage with 30d under 20Kev injected 10 minutes.
4, incubation
Will be through N
+With the soaked with liquid of 50 times of the mould zymotic fluid dilutions of above-mentioned wood 6 days, it was standby to separate taking-up seed airing in 5 days for seed after bundle injects.
(3) grow seedlings and grafting
Sand shop, the river 15～20cm that takes after water cleans is thick in husky bed, and the purpose of cleaning is to make husky bed ventilated, and on husky bed, in 22～24 ℃, humidity 60%～65% condition is grown seedlings with the oil tea planting seed after handling, and oil tea seed bud ratio reaches 80～85%.The cotyledon for the treatment of seedling shows blackish green, cambium is grown and finished, and is that stock selects the fringe grafting with this bud seedling, clear and bright front and back at a time when this.
Management after the grafting and the same prior art of transplanting.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of method that improves oil tea seed germination rate and survival rate, comprise seed treatment, grow seedlings and grafting, it is characterized in that: described seed treatment is that seed is refrigerated 10～15 days under 0～4 ℃ of condition, and the seed after the refrigeration recovery carries out N with 30d or 40d dosage under 20kev
+Bundle injected 8～12 minutes, through N
+Soaked 5～7 days under the wooden mould zymotic fluid room temperature of seed after bundle injects with 50 times of dilutions; The sowing of above-mentioned seeds treated on ventilated husky bed, is grown seedlings under 22～25 ℃, 60%～65% damp condition, be bottle green or blackish green, cambium is grown and selected the fringe grafting when finishing until seedling cotyledon.
2, method according to claim 1, the mould zymotic fluid of described wood is to cultivate 5～10 days in 25～40 ℃ of condition bottom fermentations in the liquid nutrient medium of the mould pH5.7 of being seeded in of wood～6.5, separating back accent filtrate pH5.8～6.2 promptly is wooden mould zymotic fluid, and each component of described liquid nutrient medium has following percentage: carbon source powder 1～5%, chitin 0.5～3.5%, peptone 1.5～2.5%, FeSO
4, 0.01～0.03%, KH
2PO
40.02 K～0.2%,
2HPO
40.05 MgSO～0.25%,
40.05 water surplus～0.25%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910144700A CN101637093A (en) | 2009-08-26 | 2009-08-26 | Method for improving germination and survival rate of sasanqua seed |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910144700A CN101637093A (en) | 2009-08-26 | 2009-08-26 | Method for improving germination and survival rate of sasanqua seed |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101637093A true CN101637093A (en) | 2010-02-03 |
Family
ID=41612417
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910144700A Pending CN101637093A (en) | 2009-08-26 | 2009-08-26 | Method for improving germination and survival rate of sasanqua seed |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101637093A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102939808A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-02-27 | 东北林业大学 | Naked stratification method for Acer mono seeds |
| CN103081693A (en) * | 2013-02-01 | 2013-05-08 | 安徽农业大学 | Cultural method for improving root shoot ratio of tea-oil tree |
| CN104569422A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-04-29 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Early-stage molecule detection method of content of oil of camellia plant seed kernel |
| CN107549636A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-01-09 | 安徽鑫泉米业有限公司 | A kind of method that beneficial bacterium fermentating metabolism product improves brown rice germination rate and sprouted unpolished rice quality |
| CN108718590A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-11-02 | 霍山县庆中农林开发有限公司 | A kind of processing method improving Seed of Camellia oleifera Emerging ability and cold tolerance |
-
2009
- 2009-08-26 CN CN200910144700A patent/CN101637093A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102939808A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-02-27 | 东北林业大学 | Naked stratification method for Acer mono seeds |
| CN103081693A (en) * | 2013-02-01 | 2013-05-08 | 安徽农业大学 | Cultural method for improving root shoot ratio of tea-oil tree |
| CN103081693B (en) * | 2013-02-01 | 2014-04-30 | 安徽农业大学 | Cultural method for improving root shoot ratio of tea-oil tree |
| CN104569422A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-04-29 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Early-stage molecule detection method of content of oil of camellia plant seed kernel |
| CN107549636A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-01-09 | 安徽鑫泉米业有限公司 | A kind of method that beneficial bacterium fermentating metabolism product improves brown rice germination rate and sprouted unpolished rice quality |
| CN108718590A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-11-02 | 霍山县庆中农林开发有限公司 | A kind of processing method improving Seed of Camellia oleifera Emerging ability and cold tolerance |
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Open date: 20100203 |