CN101625314A - Advanced plant biochemical parameter non-contact monitoring device - Google Patents
Advanced plant biochemical parameter non-contact monitoring device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an advanced plant biochemical parameter non-contact monitoring device which is used for carrying out non-destructive automatic real-time detection on biochemical parameters of chlorophyll, water, nitrogen, and the like in plant canopy level in an unattended environment. A plant is detected by a visible/near-infrared spectral analysis technology, and the fine control can be realized; the unattended non-contact sampling is realized and the power consumption of the device is reduced by the integral design of a special light source and a sampling probe; a sampling device is separated from a host machine and the remote measurement is realized by an optic fiber technology. The invention realizes that the light source emits light with different illumination intensities when a reference signal and a blade signal are measured, always leads a detector to be capable of responding in high sensitivity, solves the problem of limited detection range of a photoelectric detector, improves the signal-to-noise radio of an instrument and ensures the measurement accuracy of the instrument by an adjustable constant current drive circuit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the automatic monitoring field of enclosed environment, relate to a kind of advanced plant biochemical parameter non-contact monitoring device.
Background technology
Plant biochemical parameter non-destructive monitoring technology mainly is to be used for precision agriculture management or the scientific experiment culture technique is estimated the detection and the output of plant growing state.At present, plant parameter non-destructive monitoring and output estimation approach are mainly contained two kinds, a kind of is indirect monitoring, by detecting some nutrient and moisture in the plant growth environment (soil or liquid medium), reflects the growth conditions of plant self; Another kind is direct monitoring, by the chlorophyll of various devices and instrument detecting plant self, and nitrogen, thus the content of biochemical parameters such as moisture reflects the growing state of plant and estimates its output.The method of indirect monitoring not only can not in time be shown plant the conditions of demand of nutrient are also caused the waste of resource easily, and therefore the trend of development is that plant biochemical parameter is directly monitored at present.
The existing device that directly detects plant biochemical parameter mainly is divided into two classes, one class is based on multi-optical spectrum imaging technology, another kind of being based on as seen/near-infrared spectrum technique collects by spectrometer after the spectrum of plant, calculates parameter content by follow-up chemometrics method again.
Chinese invention patent CN2864669Y discloses a kind of plant growth information acquisition device based near infrared spectrum, and this patent can detect chlorophyll, moisture, the nitrogen equal size of plant simultaneously.Adopt near-infrared luminous diode as light source,, constitute the testing environment of a sealing up and down between detection arm and the articles holding table by detecting the spectrum that the light that sees through plant leaf blade obtains plant.This device can not realize that blade surveys in health check-up, can not reach Non-Destructive Testing.In addition, this patent adopts light emitting diode to do light source, need change light source when measuring different parameters, uses very inconvenient.
Chinese invention patent CN1715873A discloses the system and method for a kind of portable Non-Destructive Testing field plant pigment, design by blade folder has realized the Non-Destructive Testing to plant chlorophyll concentration, and photoelectric detector saturation problem when adopting neutral reference to solve the measurement incident light.But the increase of neutral reference makes the structure of measurement mechanism and operation become complicated, and can't realize that robotization detects, and needs manually-operated.
Present disclosed patent and article all do not have about noncontact, the automatic biochemical parameter pick-up unit that detects based on spectrum, but in particular cases at some, need carry out neglected automatically, Non-Destructive Testing to plant biochemical parameter, such as to plant incubator in the space flight controlled ecological life support system, the perhaps monitoring of plant biochemical parameter in the plant science experiment incubator.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, fundamental purpose of the present invention provides a kind of advanced plant biochemical parameter non-contact monitoring device, can realize in the similar plants incubator that harmless, noncontact monitors advanced plant biochemical parameter in real time.Because visible/Near Infrared Spectroscopy Detection Technology, have in real time, fast, the characteristics of Non-Destructive Testing, especially in conjunction with the optical fiber sampling, be suitable for that detected space is narrow and small, sample in the space irregular distribution or field condition condition of severe relatively.Therefore the present invention adopts spectrum detection technique that moisture, nitrogen, the chlorophyll content of higher plant in this system on the canopy level be can't harm detection in real time, be convenient to detection case is fed back to plant Growth Control system future, thereby carry out the monitoring management to the plant growth.For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
A kind of plant biochemical parameter real-time monitoring device comprises:
Integrated probe, be used to spectra collection provide light stable according to and by noncontact mode herborization spectrum; It obtains stable adjustable drive current from micro control system, under the control of micro control system target is carried out spectra collection, and by optical fiber the signal of gathering is transferred to beam split and photoelectricity conversion system;
Beam split and photoelectricity conversion system are used for the mixed light that integrated probe collects is separated into the spectrum form and is converted into electric signal exporting to data acquisition system (DAS);
Data acquisition system (DAS) is used for the elementary analog electrical signal of beam split and the output of photoelectricity conversion system is changed into the digital signal of high s/n ratio, high stability and outputs to micro control system;
Micro control system is used to realize that the light source of observation process control, data computation, data storage, input and output control and integrated probe provides constant-current driving, for each controlled module provides clock signal and control signal.
Further, described integrated probe is made up of light source and sampling probe, and sampling probe is formed the son probe by many sampling optical fiber, collector lenses; Described light source is positioned at the middle part of integrated probe, described son probe be uniformly distributed in light source around.
Further, described beam split and photoelectricity conversion system adopt back beam split chromatic dispersion light path, visible/near infrared light of the blade information of collecting by integrated probe of having carried, through Optical Fiber Transmission, project lens collimated after, beam splitting system in device is divided into the light signal that is independent of wavelength, after arriving detector, transform into corresponding electric signal, export to data acquisition system (DAS), wherein light splitting part can be filter set or grating, and the wavelength response range of light-splitting device and detector must comprise 500-1100nm.
Further, described data acquisition system (DAS) comprises: signal conditioning circuit and analog to digital conversion circuit;
Circuit for signal conditioning comprises small signal amplification circuit and signal filter circuit, is used to realize that initial electrical signal with beam split and the output of photoelectricity conversion system converts to can satisfy analog to digital conversion circuit input required standard level signal; The analog signal conversion that analog to digital conversion circuit is used for circuit for signal conditioning output is that the digital signal that meets signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) and resolution requirement outputs to micro control system.
Further, described micro control system comprises:
Microcontroller is used to realize observation process control, data computation and input and output control;
Data storage cell is used for the storage of implementation procedure data, result data and calculation of parameter model to be measured;
Program storage unit (PSU) is used for memory storage working procedure and biochemical parameter calculation procedure;
Input/output module is used for receiving and handling input/output signal, for microcontroller provides input signal and exports demonstration as the result data that interface module will be stored in the data storage cell;
Light source driving circuit is used for that integrated probe provides adjustable constant-current driving under the control of microcontroller;
The power supply voltage regulation unit is used to system that stable operating voltage is provided;
Microcontroller is to the transmit control signal switching of the mode of operation that realizes integrated probe of light source driving circuit; Microcontroller reads from program storage unit (PSU) and gathers subroutine and explain execution; The measurement data of data acquisition system (DAS) input is stored in data storage cell, and microcontroller reads measurement data and computation model parameter and result of calculation is stored in the data storage cell from data storage cell.
Further, described microcontroller comprises:
Control module is used for light source driving circuit is controlled, and it is operated under the different mode of operations as required; The data acquisition system is controlled, different measurement data is gathered; Computing module is controlled, carried out corresponding data computation according to program circuit; And receive the control signal of input equipment and control input/output module to external connection display equipment output measurement result data by input/output module;
Computing module is used for the measurement data of reading of data storage unit under the control of control module, carries out corresponding data operation, and result of calculation is stored in data storage cell.
Further, described light source driving circuit is program control multi-mode light source driving circuit; When gathering the reference signal voltage value that is produced by the canonical reference plate, micro control system transmits control signal to described light source driving circuit, makes it be operated in pattern 1 time; When gathering sample signal, micro control system transmits control signal to described light source driving circuit, makes it be operated in pattern 2 times.
Further, described plant biochemical parameter real-time monitoring device also comprises:
Probe-head control module is used for controlling integrated probe towards different sampled targets under the control of micro control system;
When gathering the reference signal voltage value that is produced by the canonical reference plate, micro control system transmits control signal to described probe-head control module, makes it turn to the standard reference plate automatically; When gathering sample signal, micro control system transmits control signal to described probe-head control module, and it is turned to automatically by measuring plants.
Further, the light source of described integrated probe adopts cup type halogen tungsten lamp light source, provides the directional light irradiation for on-gauge plate with by measuring plants.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
(1) owing to adopted spectral measurement methods, realize plant itself is detected, can be more accurate, reflect plant growth state timely, assurance can realize the meticulous control to plant, makes the higher plant can be more reasonable, resource is saved in the growth of science simultaneously.
(2) because device of the present invention collects is the full spectrum information of plant between 500nm-1100nm, available model information is many when calculating, so computational accuracy height, applicability is strong, owing to comprise the strong absorption peak of multiple parameters such as chlorophyll, nitrogen, xenthophylls, moisture in this scope, therefore can measure simultaneously to multiple parameter relatively more crucial in the growing process.
(3) the present invention adopts unique light source and sampling probe integrated design, and by optical fiber technology, the device of will sampling separates with main frame, has realized telemeasurement, and the diffuse reflection sample mode can be realized the noncontact nondestructive measurement, is not subjected to the influence of working environment.The incident optical in traditional reflective probe is removed in the design of this probe, change a glass type halogen tungsten lamp light source direct irradiation into, so not only reduce designs and got complicacy, do not need to consider the coupling between light source and the optical fiber, also reduced the loss when light is propagated simultaneously when coupled into optical fibres and in optical fiber, also increased illumination light intensity when can adopt the low power consumption light source like this, improved the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of device sample with the reduction device power consumption.Be looped around the fibre bundle of light source and the reflected light that condenser can farthest be collected blade thereof, strengthen useful signal.In addition, this is popped one's head under the control of control system, can transform direction and mode of operation automatically in the measuring process of reference signal and sample signal, has improved the automaticity of device.
(4) the adjustable constant-flow driving circuit has been realized measuring reference signals light intensity intensity different during with the blade signal, not only increased light source stability, and solved effectively photodetector full with and the not high problem of response efficiency, make photodetector under the different measuring situation, all be operated in the optimum detection scope, increase signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), improved measuring accuracy.
(5), can remove the influence of bias light in the space, to the requirement reduction of hardware by follow-up algorithm process.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the system chart of whole device;
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of probe;
Fig. 3 is the constant-current drive circuit synoptic diagram;
The synoptic diagram of Fig. 4 beam splitting system;
Fig. 5 is the measurement process flow diagram of whole device.
Embodiment
Core concept of the present invention is: the design of the control flow by integrated probe and robotization, realization is carried out neglected, contactless spectral measurement to advanced plant biochemical parameter, by the step motor control sampling probe on-gauge plate and tested between automatically the conversion, realization time double light path spectral measurement improves measuring accuracy; Solved the problem that detecting device is saturated and extract the feeble signal difficulty by program control type light source drive current circuit.
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, by the following examples and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
Below now in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the embodiment of plant biochemical parameter real-time monitoring device of the present invention is done detailed introduction.
As the system chart of Fig. 1, mainly comprise following components: integrated probe 1, beam split and photoelectricity conversion system 2, data acquisition system (DAS) 3, micro control system 4, probe-head control module 5 for the whole device of the present invention.Whole device is worked under the direct current of 9V.Integrated probe 1 is used to spectra collection that illumination and the spectrum by noncontact mode herborization blade are provided.Beam split and photoelectricity conversion system 2 are used for the mixed light that integrated probe 1 collects is separated into the spectrum form and is converted into electric signal; Data acquisition system (DAS) 3 is used for the digital signal that more weak elementary analog electrical signal with 2 outputs of beam split and photoelectricity conversion system changes into high s/n ratio, high stability and outputs to micro control system 4; Micro control system 4 is key components of whole device, for various piece provides clock signal and control signal, provides constant-current driving to light source, and realizes the storage and the calculating of data.Probe-head control module 5 turns to different measurement target according to the control signal control probe of micro control system 4.
Beam split and photoelectricity conversion system 2, data acquisition system (DAS) 3, micro control system 4, input/output module, probe-head control module 5 have constituted the main frame of this device, and integrated probe links to each other with main frame with optical fiber by cable.
Fig. 2 is the contactless integrated probe synoptic diagram of the present invention, mainly comprises light source and sampling probe; Light source adopts cup-shaped halogen tungsten lamp light source 101 to link to each other with light source driving circuit in the micro control system by cable 104; sampling probe is by sampling optical fiber 102; collector lens 103 is formed; the fibre bundle 105 that multifiber forms links to each other with the photoelectricity conversion system with beam split; the profile of whole probe is a low wide and up narrow funnel shaped; following diameter is 60mm; top diameter is 20mm; lower surface at probe; dress one deck thermal baffle; seven holes are arranged on dividing plate; what installed the centre is light source; what installed in other equally distributed six holes is fibre bundle; the outer bread of fibre bundle pvc pipe protection optical fiber, connects an optically focused camera lens by the SMA905 standard interface at each above the fibre bundle.Light source 101 provides illumination for the acquisition of blade continuous spectrum, be connected with adjustable constant-flow driving circuit in the main frame by cable, under the driving in adjustable constant-flow source, can stablize the light that sends the 400-2500nm scope, and can select to be operated under the high light pattern or under the low light level pattern by program control mode, measure the signal of plant under the high light pattern, low light level pattern witness mark light signal.Before the beam splitting system of all sampling optical fiber 102 in inserting main frame, be coupled into a fibre bundle 105, optical fiber 102 is come in the illumination signals collecting that scioptics 103 carry information, passes in beam split and the photoelectricity conversion system 2 by fibre bundle 105.The shell of probe is a thermal diffusivity material preferably.Whole probe is installed on the rotatable The Cloud Terrace, be fixed on incubator above.The halogen tungsten lamp light source is to send directional light, the cup type halogen tungsten lamp that generates heat few, and rated current is 1.3A.One of its working current is 1.3A in the present embodiment, and one is 1A.The bare fibre that optical fiber 102 is 1um by 9 diameters combines, band standard SMA905 interface.
Light source driving circuit 405 in the micro control system 4, be used for guaranteeing the constant-current driving of cup-shaped halogen tungsten lamp light source of integrated probe and the switching of mode of operation, the space application background requires the light source of this device must be very stable, halogen tungsten lamp will send stable irradiation luminous flux under the effect of steady current, therefore a constant-current circuit need be become constant current source with the power source conversion of main frame, in order to reduce artificial operation, design by constant-current circuit, make digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processer, DSP) break-make that can programmable light source, and the switching of different operating electric current, here the driving circuit of Cai Yonging mainly is the D/A converter by 12 as shown in Figure 3, voltage follower, voltage amplifier, Darlington transistor, reference resistance, electric capacity constitutes.The digital signal of being sent by DSP can be controlled halogen tungsten lamp through 12 figure place mould D/A converters output analog voltage break-make with and the size of drive current, realize that two kinds of mode of operations of light source freely switch.The magnitude of voltage of D/A chip output is after voltage follower and negative feedback voltage amplifier, for accurate sampling resistor RF provides reference voltage V
s, the output current of this constant current source is exactly V
s/ RF, Darlington transistor is realized the amplification of amplifier output current, guarantees big electric current output.And the electric capacity at the load two ends makes the time marquis who loads on mode switch, plays the effect of buffering.D/A converter transforms into analog voltage with the different digital signal that DSP sends, make light source program control luminous and mode of operation be switching to possibility.What 12 D/A converters here adopted is the MAX531 chip, and it is 12 D/A converters of a kind of low-power consumption, voltage output type, is a kind of universal serial bus device of high linearity, can work under the support of single supply 5V.There is accurate reference voltage source (2.048V) its inside, and when adopting 2 multiplication benefit outputs, the full scale output voltage is 4.096V, and MAX531 only needs 3 serial port DATA, CLK, CS just can realize and the communicating by letter of single-chip microcomputer, and uses fairly simple.Voltage follower and voltage amplifier are to adopt the MAX9916 chip, and this chip integrates two amplifiers, realize voltage follow, the output of negative feedback voltage, and the reference voltage with D/A output offers sampling resistor accurately, and realizes impedance matching.That Darlington transistor adopts is BCX38, realizes the amplification of electric current, because require here is the big electric current of 1.3A, and the output current of amplifier has only tens milliamperes, adopts BCX38, makes output current can reach 2A, meets the demands.Capacitor C guarantees the time of DSP control light source break-make and mode switch, plays buffer action, proof load.
Beam split and photoelectricity conversion system 2 mainly comprise grating 203 and detector 205, have realized the conversion to electric signal of the separation of information and light signal.Adopt back spectro-grating chromatic dispersion light path, the light of collecting is shone grating behind collimating mirror, after grating dispersion, be detected device and receive.The combination of grating and detector has realized spectral measurement, and guarantees that instrument does not have moving-member.Back beam splitting system guarantees to realize telemeasurement.In the present embodiment, the detailed structure of beam split and photoelectricity conversion system 2 comprises as shown in Figure 4: slit and optical filter 201, collimating mirror 202, grating 203, focus lamp 204, detector 205 constitute.This part is the pith of whole instrument, has realized the acquisition of plant spectrum, and abstract light signal is changed into electric signal.This system is connected with sampling system by the SMA905 interface of a standard, and the light by fibre bundle 105 collects enters into this part by slit and optical filter 201.Slit is being controlled the luminous flux that enters grating, the wavelength coverage that optical filter control enters grating.The width of slit is more little, and resolution is high more, but the luminous flux that enters system is more little, and signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) can descend greatly, therefore need take all factors into consideration, and slit described here is that 50um is wide, and 1mm height, pixel resolution are 11.6 pixels.The light that collimating mirror 202 will enter this system gathers on the grating 203, grating 203 projects diffraction light focus lamp 204 again with its diffraction, and focus lamp 204 receives the light of optical grating reflection, and converge on the detector 205, light signal is converted to and is corresponding electric signal.It is 500-1100nm that described grating 203 adopts response wave band, and incisure density is 600 (line/mm), and blaze wavelength is the grating of 750nm.The structure of this system adopts the light path of the asymmetric Czerny-Turner decussate texture of f/4, its incident focal length is 42mm, the outgoing focal length is 68mm, this light channel structure is not only saved the space, help realizing the miniaturization of instrument, the influence of all right cancellation coma and the influence of astigmatism, the stability of raising system.The TCD1304AP line array CCD detector that described detector 205 adopts Toshiba to produce, it is 3648 pixels as quick unit effectively.This detector has the photodetector of good sensitivity and low noise, and its principal character is to have very high photoelectric transformation efficiency, and output noise is little.
Data acquisition system (DAS) 3 mainly is made of signal conditioning circuit 301 and modulus (A/D) change-over circuit 302, circuit for signal conditioning comprises small signal amplification circuit and signal filter circuit, and the initial electrical signal that sensor is exported in realization converts to and can satisfy A/D input required standard level signal.The A/D change-over circuit will guarantee the requirement of instrument signal to noise ratio and resolution.A band signal conditioning functions of selecting in the present embodiment, 1mW power consumption, binary channels 16 bit A/D converter AD7705, it adopts the ADC (analog to digital converter) of ∑-Δ, realize the superperformance of 16 no error codes, programmable amplifier can be provided with the input signal gain in the sheet.It will be directly changed into serial digital signal output from the very weak input signal that detector 205 receives, and need not the external meters amplifier.Reduce the complicacy of circuit and the volume of instrument, also improved the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of instrument simultaneously.The operating voltage of this chip is 3V.
Micro control system 4 is used to realize the control of measuring process, the calculating of spectroscopic data, the storage of measurement data and the control of input and output etc., and measurement data comprises the intermediate data of measuring process, final plant spectroscopic data, calculation of parameter model etc.The control of measuring process comprises control of light source, integrated probe, computation process etc.Micro control system 4 mainly comprises microcontroller 401, data storage cell 402, program storage unit (PSU) 403, power supply voltage regulation unit 404, light source driving circuit 405 and input/output module 406.
Microcontroller 401 is used to realize observation process control, the calculating of spectroscopic data and the control of input and output, further comprises control module 407 and computing module 408; Control module 407 is used for according to measuring flow process light source driving circuit, probe-head control module, data acquisition module and input/output module being controlled, thus functions such as the automation collection of realization plant spectroscopic data and calculation of parameter; Computing module is used for calculating the spectroscopic data of plant and obtains plant biochemical parameter result to be measured according to the calculation of parameter Model Calculation that has storage unit.
Data storage cell 402 is used to store measuring process data and measurement result data, for example dark noise magnitude of voltage, reference signal voltage value, sample signal magnitude of voltage and plant biochemical parameter result data to be measured of going out according to the calculation of parameter Model Calculation etc.
Program storage unit (PSU) 403 is used for memory storage working procedure and biochemical parameter calculation procedure, the device working procedure refers to flow process control program, device driver, initialize routine, collection subroutine etc., control module reads gathers subroutine and is used to realize control to each measuring process, reads the content value that the calculation of parameter program obtains parameter to be detected.Input/output module 406 is used to receive the input signal of input equipment (for example keyboard) and it is transmitted to control module, and reads measuring process data and plant biochemical parameter result data etc. from data storage cell be sent to external output device (as LCD) with peripheral hardware acceptable form and frequency under the control of control module.
Power supply voltage regulation unit 404 is used to system that stable operating voltage is provided.
Probe-head control module 5 can be realized by stepper motor, be used to control integrated probe and turn to different measured targets, angle that turns to and distance can be adjusted as parameter in test in advance and be stored in data storage cell, read and send steering order to probe-head control module by micro control system according to measuring flow process, make it under the control of steering order, rotate integrated probe towards different measured targets, realize measuring automatically, neglected.
Because the collection of this device is whole spectral informations between the 500nm-1100nm, need very big storage space, need corresponding pre-service and comparatively complicated model calculating when calculating corresponding biochemical parameter content simultaneously, therefore need to select a computing function very strong, digital signal processor that the storer extensibility is strong (DSP) or ARM chip are realized microcontroller 401, it only is 0.05MW/MIPS that present embodiment adopts the lowest power consumption of this this chip of core devices of TMS320F2812 of TI company, has RAM on the sheet of FLASH and 18KB on the sheet of 128K * 16bit, have 16 bit parallel buses, can expand various external memory storages, have the maximum external memory addressing space of 512K * 16.Article one, spectroscopic data can reach 14.25K, therefore needs a data storage unit 402, and present embodiment is selected the FM18L08 of RAMTRON company, it has the read-write operation of similar RAM, and its inside is according to 32K * 8 bit organization, and be 70ns access cycle, the read-write operation cycle is identical, is easy to use.It also is the chip of a support low voltage operating simultaneously, and the exemplary operation electric current is 5mA during 3.3V, and typical quiescent current is 7uA.Program storage unit (PSU) 403 adopts the low-voltage serial EEPROM AT25256 chip of the SPI interface of atmel corp.Because this DSP requires to be the I/O of 3.3V and Flash programming supply voltage and 1.8V kernel supply voltage, and device of the present invention provides the direct supply of 9V, consider that the chips such as D/A in the device need the voltage of 5V and the requirement of low-power consumption, native system uses the low pressure difference set to become voltage stabilizer LM1086-5.0, + 9V power conversion is become the power supply of voltage stabilizing value for+5V, adopt TPS7533 and TPS76801Q that 5V is changed into 3.3V and 1.8V again.
Use damage-free measuring apparatus of the present invention the plant biochemical parameter composition is carried out nondestructive measurement, concrete measuring process is:
Step 601: executive system initialization operation;
Open host power supply,, make system enter duty, remove the data in the internal memory, for each module of system is composed the original state value for each module for power supply of system.
Step 602: under original state, gather dark noise magnitude of voltage V by beam split and the output of photoelectricity conversion system
DARK
Call the collection subroutine, under original state, gather analog voltage signal, the digital signal that obtains after the conversion is designated as dark noise magnitude of voltage V by beam split and the output of photoelectricity conversion system
DARKBe stored in data storage cell, but repeated acquisition repeatedly the dark noise magnitude of voltage average then, to reduce stochastic error;
Step 603: gather the reference signal voltage value that produces by the canonical reference plate;
Micro controller judges whether the zone bit of the storer of storage dark current is 0.If 0, device is in waiting status, if 1, then microprocessor provides signal respectively and makes the stepper motor of probe-head control module and light source driving circuit start working, microprocessor control step motor makes integrated probe turn to be installed in the canonical reference plate of another sidewall, driving light source is luminous down in pattern 1 (more weak voltage) to control constant-current drive circuit simultaneously, the canonical reference plate that light source irradiation places in front, and the light that is produced by the canonical reference plate is called reference light; Detector is sensed the light signal of collecting through fibre bundle that is radiated at standard reflecting plate and is converted thereof into electric signal, obtains reference signal voltage value V through data acquisition system (DAS)
REFBe stored in data storage cell;
Step 604: measure the plant reflected light, gather the sample signal magnitude of voltage;
After recording reference voltage level, give the stepper motor signal by microcontroller, the control sampling probe turns to by measuring plants and to control constant-current drive circuit luminous at 2 times driving light sources of pattern, detector changes into electric signal with the light signal that detected plant reflects, and obtains sample signal magnitude of voltage V through data acquisition system (DAS)
S, it is stored in data storage cell;
Step 605: the measurement data in the computing module reading cells in the microcontroller, the following formula of foundation calculates the spectroscopic data of plant:
The spectroscopic data that calculates plant is stored in the storage unit, follows the order in the working procedure storage unit, reads the data of 500-1000nm, per 5 data are got one, make that the resolution of spectrum is 1nm, under the prerequisite that does not influence precision, reduce the data computing amount.The data that read are done level and smooth pre-service, smoothly count is 9, carry out principal component analysis (PCA) then, with preceding ten major components obtaining as input, call the forecast model that has trained in the storage unit, our employing of present embodiment is that least square method supporting vector machine returns, kernel function is selected radial basis function (Radial Basis Function, RBF), obtain different optimal function parameter s igm2 and model parameter a and b through model training, can calculate the result of different plant biochemical parameters to be measured and with its storage according to formula 2.
Step 606: show that output module reads measurement result from storage unit, output to display module and carry out result's demonstration.
The above is preferred embodiment of the present invention only, is not to be used to limit protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of plant biochemical parameter monitoring device is characterized in that, comprising:
Integrated probe, be used to spectra collection provide light stable according to and by noncontact mode herborization spectrum; It obtains stable adjustable drive current from micro control system, under the control of micro control system target is carried out spectra collection, and by optical fiber the signal of gathering is transferred to beam split and photoelectricity conversion system;
Beam split and photoelectricity conversion system are used for the mixed light that integrated probe collects is separated into the spectrum form and is converted into electric signal exporting to data acquisition system (DAS);
Data acquisition system (DAS) is used for the elementary analog electrical signal of beam split and the output of photoelectricity conversion system is changed into the digital signal of high s/n ratio, high stability and outputs to micro control system;
Micro control system is used to realize that the light source of observation process control, data computation, data storage, input and output control and integrated probe provides constant-current driving, for each controlled module provides clock signal and control signal.
2, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described integrated probe is made up of light source and sampling probe, and sampling probe is formed the son probe by many sampling optical fiber, collector lenses; Described light source is positioned at the middle part of integrated probe, described son probe be uniformly distributed in light source around.
3, device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described beam split and photoelectricity conversion system adopt back beam split chromatic dispersion light path, visible/near infrared light of the blade information of collecting by integrated probe of having carried, through Optical Fiber Transmission, project lens collimated after, beam splitting system in device is divided into the light signal that is independent of wavelength, after arriving detector, transform into corresponding electric signal, export to data acquisition system (DAS), wherein light splitting part can be filter set or grating, and the wavelength response range of light-splitting device and detector must comprise 500-1100nm.
4, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described data acquisition system (DAS) comprises: signal conditioning circuit and analog to digital conversion circuit;
Circuit for signal conditioning comprises small signal amplification circuit and signal filter circuit, is used to realize that initial electrical signal with beam split and the output of photoelectricity conversion system converts to can satisfy analog to digital conversion circuit input required standard level signal; The analog signal conversion that analog to digital conversion circuit is used for circuit for signal conditioning output is that the digital signal that meets signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) and resolution requirement outputs to micro control system.
5, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described micro control system comprises:
Microcontroller is used to realize observation process control, data computation and input and output control;
Data storage cell is used for the storage of implementation procedure data, result data and calculation of parameter model to be measured;
Program storage unit (PSU) is used for memory storage working procedure and biochemical parameter calculation procedure;
Input/output module is used for receiving and handling input/output signal, for microcontroller provides input signal and exports demonstration as the result data that interface module will be stored in the data storage cell;
Light source driving circuit is used for that integrated probe provides adjustable constant-current driving under the control of microcontroller;
The power supply voltage regulation unit is used to system that stable operating voltage is provided;
Microcontroller is to the transmit control signal switching of the mode of operation that realizes integrated probe of light source driving circuit; Microcontroller reads from program storage unit (PSU) and gathers subroutine and explain execution; The measurement data of data acquisition system (DAS) input is stored in data storage cell, and microcontroller reads measurement data and computation model parameter and result of calculation is stored in the data storage cell from data storage cell.
6, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described microcontroller comprises:
Control module is used for light source driving circuit is controlled, and it is operated under the different mode of operations as required; The data acquisition system is controlled, different measurement data is gathered; Computing module is controlled, carried out corresponding data computation according to program circuit; And receive the control signal of input equipment and control input/output module to external connection display equipment output measurement result data by input/output module;
Computing module is used for the measurement data of reading of data storage unit under the control of control module, carries out corresponding data operation, and result of calculation is stored in data storage cell.
7, device according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described light source driving circuit is program control multi-mode light source driving circuit; When gathering the reference signal voltage value that is produced by the canonical reference plate, micro control system transmits control signal to described light source driving circuit, makes it be operated in pattern 1 time; When gathering sample signal, micro control system transmits control signal to described light source driving circuit, makes it be operated in pattern 2 times.
8, according to any described device of claim of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that described device also comprises:
Probe-head control module is used for controlling integrated probe towards different sampled targets under the control of micro control system;
When gathering the reference signal voltage value that is produced by the canonical reference plate, micro control system transmits control signal to described probe-head control module, makes it turn to the standard reference plate automatically; When gathering sample signal, micro control system transmits control signal to described probe-head control module, and it is turned to automatically by measuring plants.
9, device according to claim 8 is characterized in that, the light source of described integrated probe adopts cup type halogen tungsten lamp light source, provides the directional light irradiation for on-gauge plate with by measuring plants.
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