CN101618619B - 热塑性聚酯和弹性体复合片材及其制备方法 - Google Patents

热塑性聚酯和弹性体复合片材及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN101618619B
CN101618619B CN2009100601445A CN200910060144A CN101618619B CN 101618619 B CN101618619 B CN 101618619B CN 2009100601445 A CN2009100601445 A CN 2009100601445A CN 200910060144 A CN200910060144 A CN 200910060144A CN 101618619 B CN101618619 B CN 101618619B
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谢瑞志
孙长波
冷平
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/918—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling characterized by differential heating or cooling
    • B29C48/9185—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling characterized by differential heating or cooling in the direction of the stream of the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/911—Cooling
    • B29C48/9135—Cooling of flat articles, e.g. using specially adapted supporting means
    • B29C48/914—Cooling of flat articles, e.g. using specially adapted supporting means cooling drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92704—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
    • B29C2948/92876—Feeding, melting, plasticising or pumping zones, e.g. the melt itself
    • B29C2948/92895—Barrel or housing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92923—Calibration, after-treatment or cooling zone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/90—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article
    • B29C48/906—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article using roller calibration

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  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开一种热塑性聚酯和弹性体复合片材及其制备工艺。该片材具有至少一个热塑性聚酯基层和至少一个弹性体复合层，基层、复合层的体积比为70～90∶30～10。制备工艺设置若干热塑性聚酯挤塑机和弹性体挤塑机，其数量、相对位置对应复合片材的层数和位置，各挤塑机分别配料、混合、干燥、加热塑化后，同步挤出，通过共挤模具共挤成型，再经冷却辊冷却定型。该片材具有良好韧性、透明性、耐侯性，具有抗震、防滑等，并可添加各种色母制作成各种颜色的产品。其制备工艺简捷，可使用现有的挤出设备生产，一次性成型，不使用粘胶剂，既能降低生产成本，又能保护环境。

Description

热塑性聚酯和弹性体复合片材及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及塑料材料及其加工技术，具体说，是一种热塑性聚酯和弹性体复合片材及其制备方法。
背景技术
热塑性聚酯有良好的理化性能，例如，聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(Polyethyleneterphthalate PET)，它具有极好的强韧性、透明性，良好的耐候性，尺寸的稳定性，良好的电性能，适宜于注射、挤出、吸塑成型。再如，聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(Polybutylenerephthalate PBT或PBTP)，它的特点为：力学性能与PA相似，摩擦系数小，自润滑性好，热稳定性和化学稳定性好、电绝缘性能优异、刚性和硬度高、冲击性好、尺寸稳定性高、加工性好、耐热性好及自熄。适宜于注射、挤出、吸塑成型。
热塑性弹性体(Thermoplastie Elostoner TPE)是一种含有橡胶和热塑性塑料特性的高分子材料，能显示橡胶的高弹性，又能塑化成型。TPE片材具有良好的物理及化学性能，如防滑、抗震、耐冲击、弹性优良、触感软、质感温和，表面光泽度可调，耐侯性、耐化学性良好。
如果能将热塑性聚酯和TPE的优点结合起来，得到一种新型复合材料，用该复合材料制造制品，必将进一步改善制品的使用性能，能广泛使用在如精密仪器包装、电子，家电、汽车内饰、医疗器械、商务机械业、日用百货业等行业。
据查，目前尚无热塑性聚酯、TPE复合挤出片材及相关制备工艺。
发明内容
本发明的目的，是提供一种热塑性聚酯、TPE复合片材及其制备工艺，该复合片材结合了热塑性聚酯及弹性体的优点，具有良好韧性、透明性、耐候性、抗震性、防滑性等优点，并可添加各种色母制作成各种颜色的产品。其制备工艺简捷，可使用现有的挤出设备生产，一次性成型，不使用粘胶剂，既能降低生产成本，又能保护环境。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种热塑性聚酯和弹性体复合片材，具有至少一个热塑性聚酯基层和至少一个弹性体复合层。
所述热塑性聚酯基层与弹性体复合层的体积比为70～90∶30～10。
所述热塑性聚酯是聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯之一种。
所述弹性体含有轻质碳酸钙、发泡剂、抗氧化剂，其重量比如下：
TPE                    85～94
轻质碳酸钙             5～14
发泡剂                 0.5～0.8
抗氧化剂               0.2～0.5。
所述复合片材是三层，具有一个热塑性聚酯基层和两个弹性体复合层，两弹性体复合层分别复合于热塑性聚酯基层的两面。
所述复合片材是四层，具有两个热塑性聚酯基层和两个弹性体复合层，热塑性聚酯基层和弹性体复合层相间布置。
上述热塑性聚酯和弹性体(TPE)复合片材制备工艺，设置若干热塑性聚酯挤塑机和弹性体挤塑机，其数量、相对位置对应复合片材的层数和位置，各挤塑机分别配料、混合、干燥、加热塑化后，同步挤出，通过共挤模具共挤成型，再经冷却辊冷却定型。
所述热塑性聚酯挤塑机的干燥温度为140～180℃，保持4-8小时以上；挤出机各加热区温度自上游至下游依序为：220～260℃；275～295℃；265～290℃；260～280℃；260～280℃；260～280℃；260～275℃。
所述弹性体挤塑机的干燥温度为40-55℃保持4小时；挤出机各加热区温度自上游至下游依序为：150～180℃；180～210℃；190～220℃；190～220℃；190～220℃；190～220℃；190～220℃。
所述共挤模具的温度：260～280℃。
所述冷却温度：上辊35～55℃；中辊45～60℃；下辊40～55℃。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明将热塑性聚酯和TPE两种不同的材料进行加工复合，得到一种新型材料，新材料综合了热塑性聚酯和TPE的优点，具有良好的韧性、透明性、耐候性，具有抗震、防滑等，并可添加各种色母制作成各种颜色的产品，能广泛使用在精密仪器包装、电子、家电、汽车内饰、医疗器械、商务机械业、日用百货业等行业。其制备工艺简捷，可使用现有的挤出设备生产，一次性成型，不使用粘胶剂，既能降低生产成本，又能保护环境。
下表列出PET与TPE复合的两层片材的性能、环保指标：
物理机械性能
PET光面卷材(片材)的物理机械性能应符合下表的规定。
物理机械性能
Figure G2009100601445D00031
卫生指标
PET光面卷材(片材)若用于接触食品的包装，其卫生指标应符合GB 13113的规定。
机械性能
Figure G2009100601445D00041
环保指标
ROHS检测项
  项目   指标值   检测极限值
  镉(Cd)   ND   2ppm
  铅(Pb)   ND   2ppm
  汞(Hg)   ND   2ppm
  六价铬(CrVi)   ND   2ppm
  PBBs多溴联苯   ND   5ppm
  PBDEs多溴联苯醚   ND   5ppm
卤素检测项
  项目   指标值   检测极限值
  氟(F)   ND   10ppm
  氯(Cl)   ≤900ppm   10ppm
  溴(Br)   ≤900ppm   10ppm
  碘(I)   ND   10ppm
注：1.氯(Cl)+溴(Br)≤1500ppm
2.有卤产品不检测此项
REACH检测项
  项目   指标值   检测极限值
  短链卤化石蜡(C10-13)   ND   50ppm
  蒽   ND   0.2ppm
  邻苯二甲酸丁苄酯   ND   30ppm
  邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯   ND   30ppm
附图说明
图1是本发明双层片材制备工艺流程图
具体实施方式
本发明以实施例进一步说明。
实施例一两层片材复合
参见图1：配置两台挤塑机A、B，一个双层共挤模，一套冷却辊，挤塑机A用于挤出热塑性聚酯(本例选用聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯PET)，挤塑机B用于挤出弹性体(TPE)。两机分别配料，混合均匀并进行干燥，使PET含水率低于50ppm，TPE含水率低于5‰，加热熔融，然后挤出，调整出料量体积比，使PET∶TPE为85∶15，即PET层与TPE层的厚度比为85∶15，(该体积比可以根据产品用途灵活调整，其调整范围为70～90∶30～10)，经共挤模复合成型，再经冷却辊冷却定型，最后切边收卷，即得产品。
配料时，弹性体加入轻质碳酸钙、发泡剂、抗氧化剂，其重量比如下：
TPE                90
轻质碳酸钙         9
发泡剂             0.8
抗氧化剂           0.2
还可根据需要，加入色母，基层、复合层的颜色及色度可以相同，也可不同。
各步骤的工艺参数如下：
A机的干燥温度为160℃左右，保持5小时；挤出机各加热区温度自上游至下游依序控制在220～260℃；275～295℃；265～290℃；260～280℃；260～280℃；260～280℃；260～275℃范围内。
B机的干燥温度为50℃左右，保持4小时；挤出机各加热区温度自上游至下游依序控制在150～180℃；180～210℃；190～220℃；190～220℃；190～220℃；190～220℃；190～220℃范围内。
共挤模具的温度保持在260～280℃范围内，冷却辊温度：上辊保持在45～55℃；中辊保持在45～60℃；下辊保持在40～60℃。
实施例二  三层片材复合
与实施例一的区别是：配置三台挤塑机，按左、中、右布置，其中左、右机用于挤出TPE，中机用于挤出PET，模具采用三层共挤模。其余与实施例一相同。
实施例三  四层片材复合
与实施例一的区别是：配置四台挤塑机，其中两台用于挤出TPE，另两台用于挤出PET，PET挤塑机和TPE挤塑机相间布置，相应地，模具采用四层共挤模。其余与实施例一相同。
上述实施例只是为了说明本发明，它不限制本发明，按照以上思路，可以设置任意数量的挤塑机，配置相应规格的共挤模，生产任意层数的复合片材。
根据本发明，也可用其它热塑性聚酯与弹性体复合，例如聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯PBT或PBTP。

Claims (2)

1.一种热塑性聚酯和弹性体复合片材，具有至少一个热塑性聚酯基层和至少一个弹性体复合层，其特征在于：所述弹性体含有轻质碳酸钙、发泡剂、抗氧化剂，其重量比如下
Figure FSB00000637753300011
2.根据权利要求1所述的热塑性聚酯和弹性体复合片材，其特征在于：所述复合片材是三层，具有一个热塑性聚酯基层和两个弹性体复合层，两弹性体复合层分别复合于热塑性聚酯基层的两面。
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US4945002A (en) * 1986-08-28 1990-07-31 Bridgestone Corporation Impact-resisting anti-lacerative window units
US6503619B1 (en) * 1998-08-07 2003-01-07 Advanced Elastomer Systems, L.P. Soft touch labels

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4945002A (en) * 1986-08-28 1990-07-31 Bridgestone Corporation Impact-resisting anti-lacerative window units
US6503619B1 (en) * 1998-08-07 2003-01-07 Advanced Elastomer Systems, L.P. Soft touch labels

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