CN101617624A

CN101617624A - Corn three-line breeding technique

Info

Publication number: CN101617624A
Application number: CN200810058650A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李光宗
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2008-07-02
Filing date: 2008-07-02
Publication date: 2010-01-06

Abstract

The invention relates to a corn three-line breeding technique, which comprises male sterile line A1 and A2, maintainer line B1 and B2, and restorer line AR1 and AR2, wherein during the production of hybrid seeds of corns, the complicated process step of artificial emasculation is omitted, and the production cost is reduced, and simultaneously the seed quality of hybrid seeds is improved. After seeding the hybrid seeds, the hybrid vigour is strong, and the increase in yield is significant. During the propagation and the production of the hybrid seeds of the three-line seeds, only by picking powder and performing artificial supplementary pollination in a propagation seed production area, the yield of propagating the three-line seeds and the hybrid seeds can be improved. Two isolation areas are selected to propagate the seeds of the male sterile line and the maintainer line, and the row ratio for culturing the male sterile line and the maintainer line is 4:1 or 6:1. One isolation area is used for propagating the seeds of the male sterile line and the maintainer line, while the other isolation area is used for producing the hybrid seeds and the restorer line seeds. The row ratio for culturing the hybrid seeds and the restorer line seeds is 4:1 or 6:1.

Description

Corn three-line breeding technique

Technical field:

The invention belongs to the corn three-line breeding technique field.

Background technology:

Corn belongs to the corn family in the grass family, Zea corn kind, annual gramineous plants.It also is valuable grain feed crop.

Corn is a monoecious cross pollinated cultivate plant, male flower (smallpox) atop, female flower (cherry must) is in the centre.Length is just bloomed to 11-17 sheet leaf behind the corn planting, and male flower is extracted loose powder out from the sword-like leave leaf sheath, and female flower is extracted out from the leaf sheath of plant middle part, and female fringe top spues and is gynoecium (cherry palpus).Pollen blows by gentle breeze and is scattering on the cherry palpus, and it is solid to be fertilized.The corn crop plantation is to utilize hybrid vigour to obtain high yield.Corn hybrid seed is the seed that is produced by two hybridizations between selfed lines.First generation of hybrid advantage is strong, increase yield significantly.Two selfings are the parent, and one is maternal, and one is male parent.In hybrid seeding, female parent will all thoroughly be pulled out smallpox (castration), and awarding the seed that maternal female fringe cherry must go up solid generation by paternal pollen is crossbreed.Maternal plant smallpox if any 3/1000ths in pulling out the smallpox process is not pulled out, then production of hybrid seeds failure; Or maternal plant is castrated thoroughly the hybrid seed that (male flower leaves side shoot or residual branch) make, and after planting output is not high.

Summary of the invention:

The corn three-line seed selection utilizes male sterile line preparing hybrid kind, because of the male sterile line smallpox does not have pollen, can save numerous and diverse castration (pulling out smallpox) operation, reduces production costs, and has also improved seed quality.

The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:

The source of corn male sterile line: natural variation produces sterile strain, and through selfing or backcross or radiation produces sterile strain, again through the backcrossing of continuous 4 to 5 generations, but just transformation becomes male sterile line.

The cytologic characteristic of male sterile line type: in the male sterile line pollen forming process, take place unusual, intracytoplasmic organelle is less, when pollen mother cell carries out reduction division, its cell connects loose, forms vacuole in the cytoplasm, follows pollen grain ripe and degenerate, from but cause pollen abortion, cause male sterile; The change of enzyme activity intensity and direction causes the difference that biological metabolism produces, and causes weakening or stopping of starch, nucleic acid and protein synthesis, influences microspore development finally, causes male sterile.

It is cytoplasmic male sterility and the sterile type two big classes of nuclear that male sterility has the nucleo-cytoplasmic interaction type, and what production upward utilized at present mainly is cytoplasmic male sterile line.I belong to the cytoplasmic male sterility type by the corn male sterile line of institute's seed selection.

The male sterile line of my seed selection: A1, A2; Maintenance line: B1, B2; Recover system: A _R1, A _R2 backcross, selfing and seed selection becomes.Recovering system is named as: A _R1, A _R2, annual plantation selected for two generations, to 6 generations of seed selection altogether in late June, 2007.

Backcross in the second generation, selfing and after three, four, five, six generations backcross, in the selfing, eliminate and can educate strain, susceptible strain.Backcross at the third generation, carry out backcross breeding with other inbred line in the selfed breeding, A1, A2 male sterile line proterties are stable, and sterile rate reaches 100%, maintenance line B1, B2 plant height, day pattern, seed cherry must look etc. proterties stable; Recover system: A _R1, A _R2 proterties are stable.

On June 27th, 2007 was presided over by Mouding County science and technology office, invite relevant leader and expert in the county, my the corn male sterile line project of seed selection is watched evaluation: the corn three-line proterties of my seed selection is stable, phasic results have been obtained, male sterile line flower pesticide is shrivelled fully not to be exposed, and the flower pesticide abortion is more thorough; The maintenance line proterties is stable, and anther development is normal, and the loose powder rate is stronger, and the fertility shape is obvious; Recovery is that anther development is normal, full, and pollen loose powder rate level is strong.Restorability is good.

Further set forth below in conjunction with the signal of seed selection program.

1, Fig. 1 is the signal of corn three-line seed selection pollination bagging:

Wherein Figure 1A is a male sterile line pollination bagging, and Figure 1B is a maintenance line pollination bagging:

Fig. 1 C recovers system's pollination bagging:

2, Fig. 2 is corn three-line breeding, production of hybrid seeds signal:

Embodiment:

Select two isolated areas, breeding male sterile lines, maintenance line, recovery are seed and produce hybrid seed.

Wherein Fig. 2 A and Fig. 2 B are the breedings of corn male sterile line, maintenance line: be chosen in field no corn planting more than 300 meters, that the water pouring is arranged or ground plantation breeding male sterile lines, maintenance line seed.It is male-sterile seed that the pollen of maintenance line is awarded the seed that male sterile line produces, and it is the maintenance line seed that the maintenance line younger sister hands over the seed of generation.

Fig. 2 C and Fig. 2 D are the production of hybrid seeds and the breeding that recovers system: selecting another isolated area simultaneously is seed and crossbreed seed in field no corn planting more than 300 meters, that the water pouring is arranged or ground plantation breeding recovery.It is the crossbreed seed that the pollen that recovers system is awarded the seed that male sterile line produces.Recovery is that to hand over the seed of generation be that to recover be seed to younger sister.

Be advisable in April 1 to May 15 period of crossbreeding.During three line seed breeding, the production of hybrid seeds, only need in the seed propagation and production area, adopt powder, carry out artificial supplementary pollination, can improve the output of breeding three line seed, hybrid seed.The row of the breeding of three line seed and hybrid seeding is than being 4: 1 or 6: 1.

The height above sea level of crossbreeding is advisable between 1900 meters at 1600 meters, adopts seed pelleting during crossbreeding, the control soil insect.Every mu of planting density is between 5000 to 5500 strains.Use seed manure, and the assurance full stand that waters or pour water.According to the different times fertilising that weeds with a hoe, measures such as pest control.Can guarantee the success of crossbreeding.

At the beginning of 1 day to 5 months April during crossbreeding, adopt plastic mulching can improve drought resistance, increase the output of crossbreeding.

Claims

1, the present invention is a corn breeding techniques, is to adopt male sterile line of maize, and male sterile line of maize maintenance line and corn male sterility recover system, keep male sterile and make the crossbreed seed.Feature of the present invention is: with male sterile line of maize and maintenance line hybridization, generation male-sterile seed and maintenance line seed, be seed with male sterile line with recovering system's hybridization generation crossbreed seed and recovery again.

2, according to corn male sterile line breeding technique, it is characterized in that the male sterile line smallpox does not have pollen, award the female Honoka silk of male sterile line (cherry must) with maintenance line pollen and produce male-sterile seed, be that pollen is awarded the female Honoka silk of male sterile line (cherry must) with recovering again, make hybrid seed, the hybrid seed advantage that after planting hybridizes obtains corn with high yield.Select two isolated area breeding male sterile lines, maintenance line seed, the row of male sterile line, maintenance line plantation is than being 4: 1 or 6: 1, and it is male-sterile seed that maintenance line pollen is awarded the seed of male sterile line generation.It is the maintenance line seed that the maintenance line younger sister hands over the seed of generation.Selecting isolated area system numerous and diverse friendship kind seed and recovery again is seed.Hybrid seeding and recovery are that the row of seed plantation is than being 4: 1 or 6: 1.