CN101617071A - 改进的高表面积纤维和由其制备的纺织品 - Google Patents

改进的高表面积纤维和由其制备的纺织品 Download PDF

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CN101617071A
CN101617071A CN200780044610A CN200780044610A CN101617071A CN 101617071 A CN101617071 A CN 101617071A CN 200780044610 A CN200780044610 A CN 200780044610A CN 200780044610 A CN200780044610 A CN 200780044610A CN 101617071 A CN101617071 A CN 101617071A
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CN101617071B (zh
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贝赫纳姆·博尔蒂希米
沃尔特·恰帕斯
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North Carolina State University
Allasso Industries Inc
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North Carolina State University
Allasso Industries Inc
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    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/34—Yarns or threads having slubs, knops, spirals, loops, tufts, or other irregular or decorative effects, i.e. effect yarns
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Abstract

本发明涉及高表面积纤维和由其制备的纺织品。在一个优选的实施方案中，纤维具有带多个突出物的中间区域，所述多个突出物确定多个通道，所述通道增加纤维的表面积。在一个优选的实施方案中，纤维的比表面积为大于或等于约140,000cm2/g和旦数为约1.0－约2.0。使用双组分挤出工艺，使用热塑性聚合物和可溶解的鞘，制备本发明的纤维。

Description

改进的高表面积纤维和由其制备的纺织品
技术领域
本发明一般地涉及高表面积纤维和由其制备的纺织品。此外，本发明涉及由双组分纤维挤出工艺制备的高表面积纤维。
背景技术
能吸收并过滤液体或颗粒的纤维是本领域已知的。纤维表面常常通过化学或物理方法处理，以提高其保持液体或颗粒的能力。例如，为了增加纤维的表面积，糙化表面产生沟槽和通道。用影响流体流动的疏水或亲水化学物处理本领域已知的一些吸收剂纤维。
用于吸收的一种这样的纤维是最初由Eastman Chemical Company开发和商购的4DG纤维。参考附图1，它是4DG纤维(也称为表面毛细纤维)的截面视图。图1中的现有技术纤维公开了从其脊柱(spine)的一侧向外突出以确定第一组沟槽的至少三条臂的一组，和从其脊柱的第二侧向外突出以确定第二组沟槽的至少三条臂的第二组。现有技术纤维中的臂和沟槽具有不规则的几何形状，以便产生足够深且窄以便流体借助毛细作用沿着纤维长度输送的沟槽。另外，图1的现有技术的纤维具有较大的旦数，这限制了其在要求纳米纤维的一些应用中的使用。
4DG纤维通过提供具有特定截面几何形状的纤维来寻求增加沟槽的深度。然而，4DG纤维和具有较小结构的其他纤维存在数个缺点。许多这样的纤维不可能纺丝成直径小于约50-60微米的纤维，从而限制其潜在的应用。采用4DG纤维可实现的最小旦数为约3。此外，由于在纤维臂之间具有大的沟槽，因此在纺丝工艺过程中臂常常断裂。这种纤维具有有限数量的臂和沟槽，从而导致相对低的表面与体积比，这将限制可吸收的液体量。最后，由于4DG纤维的尺寸和几何形状导致在织物形成过程中臂可容易地联锁，从而导致致密和压缩的材料，这将降低其过滤和吸收性能。
过去存在许多尝试生产在表面上具有深的沟槽或通道的特殊纤维，以提高表面的毛细性能。这种纤维利用多条腿(leg)，典型地8条，在表面上形成深的通道。可用合适的处理剂处理这些纤维的表面，所述处理剂适合并更加容易地加速流体的流动，并因此可用于流体移动。许多这些纤维具有较高程度的堆积密度，因此适合于绝缘应用。由于臂可收集并捕获颗粒，因此它们进一步可用于过滤应用或用于表面处理以活化表面。
使用特殊的纺丝板，生产具有表面沟槽的纤维作为单组分纤维。挤出并熔融纤维，通过纺丝经轴(spin beam)和纺丝板毛细作用，传输熔融聚合物形成所需形状。然后当从纺丝板中流出随后拉伸，形成较坚固和较细的纤维时，骤冷纤维。然而，由于纤维具有深的沟槽或臂，因此纤维不可能制成优选且工业上使用的标准的纤维尺寸。当今使用的大多数纤维为1-3旦/根长丝，然而以上所述的具有增加表面积的大多数纤维目前典型地以大于或等于6旦获得。具有大于或等于6旦的纤维极其粗糙，更加难以加工，且其应用受到限制。
本领域中常常使用常规的单组分圆纤维。单组分圆纤维的截面设计典型地为圆形。采用单组分圆纤维的一个问题是为了增加纤维的表面积，截面积也增加，从而导致旦数大的纤维。
需要具有增加的表面积，其表面积为本领域已知的典型纤维的至少2-3倍，且在表面上具有深的沟槽或通道以加速表面毛细性能同时维持工业上使用的标称纤维尺寸的纤维。本发明公开了具有增加的表面积和多个表面通道，同时维持小的旦数尺寸的纤维。
本发明提供以上所述问题和其他问题的解决方式，并提供这类现有技术的纤维没有提供的优点和方面。本发明的特征和优点的充分讨论延迟到下述详细说明中，所述详细说明通过参考附图来进行。
发明内容
本发明的第一方面是提供改进的高表面积纤维。该纤维具有含截面的内部纤维，所述截面具有中间区域。中间区域具有从该中间区域并沿着中间区域周边延伸的多个突出物。所述多个突出物确定多个通道。该纤维还具有可溶解的外部鞘。外部鞘包围该内部纤维。
本发明的第二方面是提供改进的高表面积纤维。该纤维具有内部纤维，其中内部纤维是热塑性聚合物。内部纤维具有含纵轴的截面，所述截面具有从纵轴延伸的多个突出物。沿着纵轴的周边，多个突出物确定多个通道。通道的宽度为约200纳米-约1000纳米。外部鞘是可溶解的聚合物。外部鞘包围内部纤维。内部纤维具有约1微米-约100微米的截面长度，和约1微米-约100微米的截面宽度。内部纤维的截面的表面积为约100,000cm2/g-约1,000,000cm2/g。
本发明进一步涉及制备改进的高表面积纤维的方法，其步骤包括通过至少一个板共挤出内部纤维和外部鞘。内部纤维是热塑性聚合物，和外部鞘是可溶解的聚合物。内部纤维具有带中间区域的截面。中间区域具有从中间区域并沿着中间区域周边延伸的多个突出物。多个突出物确定多个通道。在共挤出之后，熔体纺丝内部纤维和外部鞘，形成双组分纤维。采用溶剂除去外部鞘，得到高表面积纤维。
在制备本发明的要求保护的方法的一个方面中，在除去外部鞘之前形成纺织品产品。
在要求保护的发明的另一方面中，提供改进的高表面积纤维。该纤维具有带中间区域的截面，多个突出物和多个通道。多个突出物从中间区域沿着中间区域的周边延伸。多个突出物确定多个通道。多个通道均匀地间隔布置。
在本发明的另一方面中，提供纺织品产品。该纺织品产品具有纤维介质。纤维介质具有双组分纤维，其中双组分纤维具有内部纤锥和可溶解的鞘。
在本发明的再一方面中，提供纺织品产品。该纺织品产品具有纤维介质。纤维介质具有纤维，其中该纤维具有带中间区域的截面。中间区域具有从中间区域且沿着中间区域周边延伸的多个突出物。多个突出物确定多个均匀间隔布置的通道。
因此，本发明提供用于织造和非织造应用的由双组分挤出工艺制备的高表面积纤维。
当与附图一起考虑时，在阅读了优选实施方案的下述说明之后，本发明的这些和其他方面对本领域的技术人员来说是显而易见的，因为它们支持所要求保护的发明。
附图说明
图1是现有技术纤维的截面剖视图。
图2是根据本发明的一个实施方案，具有外部鞘的纤维的截面视图。
图3是根据本发明的一个实施方案，单一纤维的截面视图。
图4是根据本发明的一个实施方案不具有外部鞘的纤维的截面视图。
图5是根据本发明的一个实施方案，具有圆形构型的纤维的截面视图。
图6是根据本发明的一个实施方案，非织造织物的截面视图。
图7是现有技术的非织造织物的截面视图。
图8是对于圆纤维、4DG纤维和本发明的纤维来说，比较旦数/根长丝对比表面积所作的图表。
具体实施方式
在下述说明中，相同的参考标记在数个视图中表征相同或相应的部件。此外，在下述说明中，要理解，这些术语例如，“前面”、“后面”、“正面”、“背面”、“右面”、“左面”、“向上”、“向下”和类似术语是方便的措辞且不解释为限制术语。现一般地参考附图，为了描述本发明优选实施方案的目的阐述本发明且不打算限制本发明至此。
参考附图，图2-4公开了一般地用参考标记10表示的本发明纤维的截面。如图2所示，纤维10一般地包括内部纤维12和外部鞘14。纤维10通常由两种不同的聚合物组合物构造，所述聚合物组合物可以以椭圆形截面挤出，这允许高的加工性。或者，视需要，截面可以是圆形或其他形状。以下更详细地描述本发明的挤出工艺和制备纤维10的方法。
进一步如图2-4所示，内部纤维12的截面通常具有翼状或变形虫状形状。内部纤维12具有中间区域16，所述中间区域是沿着内部纤维12的中心向下延伸的纵轴17。纵轴17具有从纵轴17延伸的多个突出物18，如图2-4所示。在优选的实施方案中，多个突出物沿着纵轴17的周边延伸。替代的截面形状，例如，但不限于圆形或类似形状，具有以套筒(hub)形式形成的中间区域16，其中突出物从套筒延伸。在一个实施方案中，多个突出物均匀地间隔布置。多个突出物18增加单一纤维的表面积和表面毛细作用。在优选的实施方案中，多个突出物18确定多个通道20，如图4所示。在一个实施方案中，多个通道20均匀地间隔布置。通道20沿着纤维10的长度方向产生表面毛细作用部分，所述毛细作用加速液体在纤维10内吸收。另外，通道20允许颗粒，例如碎片和脏物收集并保留在纤维10内。因此，本发明的纤维具有沿着纤维长度方向延伸的多个纵向毛细通道21，如图3所示。本发明还急剧增加内部纤维12的截面的表面积，这是由于多个突出物18导致的。由内部纤维12产生的增加的表面积取决于在制造纤维10的过程中所使用的片段数量，正如以下详细地描述的。
优选地，通道20是宽度为约200纳米的纳米尺寸。或者，通道20可以是200纳米-1000纳米。可改性通道20的宽度以适合不同的应用。本发明纳米尺寸的通道允许在其中需要微滤或微吸收的应用中使用纤维10。例如，一些过滤机构要求约300纳米的通道尺寸。由于每一纤维的通道尺寸可以调节，因此本发明可用于产生具有不同通道尺寸的纤维的纺织品织物。例如，纺织品织物，如过滤器可包括具有200纳米通道和500纳米通道的纤维束。在一个实施方案中，若通道具有约200纳米的宽度，则存在从中间部分16延伸的约32个突出物18。
在本发明的优选实施方案中，内部纤维12是本领域已知的热塑性聚合物。可使用任何数量的热塑性聚合物，例如，但不限于，聚丙烯、聚酯、尼龙、聚乙烯、热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)、共聚酯或液晶聚合物。
在优选的实施方案中，纤维的截面是高度挠性的且具有实心内部。或者，在一个实施方案中，内部纤维的内部或中间区域部分是中空的。在中心内的空隙形成流体流动的附加通道。图5示出了缺少内部纤维12的中间区域16的本发明纤维的截面。
或者，在另一实施方案中，在挤出工艺过程中，可将内部纤维12的中间区域16形成为圆形构型。这一空隙允许内部纤维12更加硬质且因中心内的空隙导致具有更大的抗弯曲性。另外，中心内的空隙形成流体流动的附加通道。具有圆形截面和空隙的纤维在自身上弯曲的倾向较低。
图2示出了具有外部鞘14的纤维10的截面视图。在优选的实施方案中，外部鞘14是可溶解的热塑性材料，例如，但不限于，聚丙交酯(PLA)、共聚酯(PETG)、聚乙烯醇(PVA)或乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物(EVOH)。认为在本发明中，本领域已知的任何数量的可溶解热塑性聚合物可用作外部鞘14。在优选的实施方案中，外部鞘14包围内部纤维12，如图2所示。
本发明的一个方面是增加纤维的表面积，同时维持纤维的旦数为1-3。在优选的实施方案中，纤维的旦数为约1.0-约2.0。然而，或者，纤维的旦数范围可以是约1.0-约20.0。
旦数是测量纤维细度所使用的单位，它等于9000米纱线的质量(g)。在本发明的优选实施方案中，一(1)旦纤维的比表面积为约28,000-约200,000cm2/g。通过下述方程式测量以cm2/g纤维为单位的比表面积：
Figure G200780044610XD00061
其中
Figure G200780044610XD00062
其中
L＝长度，K9×105cm
ρ＝密度，K1.38g/cm3
旦数＝线性密度
P＝周长
A＝截面积
本发明的优选实施方案的比表面积比本领域已知的典型4DG纤维大约57-60倍。如图8所示，本发明的纤维的比表面积显著大于具有相同旦数的常规圆纤维或典型的4DG纤维。例如，旦数为3的圆纤维的比表面积为1653cm2/g。旦数为3的4DG纤维的比表面积为4900cm2/g。相反，旦数为3的本发明纤维的比表面积超过约80,000cm2/g。在本发明的一个实施方案中，内部纤维的截面具有约140,000cm2/g或更高的比表面积。本发明实现了大的比表面积，这是因为具有多个突出物的独特几何形状和多个通道所致。尽管本发明的优选实施方案的纤维旦数为约1.0-约2.0，但选择上述比较，因为4DG纤维不能采用低于3的旦数生产。
在优选的实施方案中，内部纤维12的截面长度为约20微米和截面宽度为约10微米，这得到旦数为约1.5的纤维。旦数是指纤维的线性密度且是测量9000米纤维的重量(g)。在另一实施方案中，内部纤维12的截面长度为约10微米和宽度为约10微米。本发明的内部纤维12可具有约1微米-约100微米的截面长度和约1微米-约100微米的截面长度。或者，在本发明的另一实施方案中，纤维的旦数可以是大于或等于3，这将提供具有显著大表面积的较大纤维。
制备本发明纤维的方法使用本领域已知的挤出技术。典型地，通过从相同的纺丝板中共挤出，或挤出两种聚合物，形成双组分纤维，且这两种聚合物包含在相同的长丝或纤维内。挤出工艺强制厚的粘稠聚合物通过纺丝板，形成半固体纤维。在本发明的优选实施方案中，通过合适地导引和开槽两种聚合物，挤出体系将形成所述的纤维，从而导致更加均匀的形状。在板上孔穴的数量对应于在纤维内存在的片段的数量。然后硬化这些长丝。本发明的优选实施方案使用熔体纺丝形成纤维，然而可使用本领域已知的其他方法。例如，可使用分段的馅饼(segmented pie)挤出体系，通过仔细选择两种聚合物并控制挤出工艺，形成具有从纵轴延伸的突出物的纤维。
制备优选实施方案的方法始于挤出含热塑性聚合物，即内部纤维，和可溶解热塑性聚合物，即外部鞘的双组分纤维。将双组分纤维挤出通过具有任何所需数量孔穴和截面形状的纺丝板。在优选的实施方案中，为了高加工性，纺丝板的截面为椭圆形，或者可使用圆形截面，或者其他所需的形状。
或者，通过从挤出工艺中形成的片段数量来决定纤维最终的截面形状，如上所述的翼形。片段类似于馅饼片，称为“分段的馅饼(segmented-pie)”双组分纤维。现有技术的典型纤维由16个片段形成，然而，为了实现本发明的高表面积截面，纤维必须具有至少4个片段。
在本发明的一个实施方案中，挤出的双组分纤维具有至少4个片段。或者，在本发明的另一实施方案中，内部纤维的翼形截面得到极高的表面积，这是因为它由具有64个片段的双组分纤维形成。图2-4所示的履带式形状是由64个分段馅饼挤出生成的预料不到的结果。难以形成具有大于24个片段的双组分纤维，和现有技术的纤维受限于它们可具有的片段数量。
控制片段形状和尺寸的一种方式是在挤出工艺过程中，改变双组分纤维的温度、粘度或压力。熔体纺丝允许纤维从纺丝板中以不同的截面形状，例如圆形、三叶形、五边形、八边形和其他形状挤出。本发明一个实施方案的双组分片段类似于具有最多64个馅饼片段的分段馅饼。在优选的实施方案中，片段在内部纤维和可溶解的外部鞘之间交替。重要的是片段交替，因为一旦外部鞘被洗涤并除去，则剩余的片段确定形成吸收与过滤基础的多个突出物。突出物的数量与生成的总表面积直接成正比。因此，可形成具有精确和预定表面的纤维。
在优选的实施方案中，在挤出并熔体纺丝双组分纤维之后，可将双组分纤维形成为纺织品产品。或者，纺织品产品包括由双组分纤维制成的纤维介质。双组分纤维可一起粘结，形成非织造织物，例如过滤器。或者，双组分纤维可形成为织造织物，例如衣服。本发明的优点之一是，外部鞘不必除去，直到在制成纺织品介质之后，这将提高纤维的处理并降低与制造有关的成本。图6示出了本发明的非织造织物并阐述了翼形纤维如何组装在一起。如图6所示，当由于纤维的几何形状和通道的尺寸导致纤维彼此相邻地放置在一起时，可紧密地一起压缩纤维，在没有联锁的情况下，形成纤维束。另外，由于当外部鞘仍然保留时可构造纺织品织物，因此鞘将进一步防止纤维彼此联锁。图7示出了其中纤维联锁的现有技术的织物。由于本发明的纤维没有象现有技术已知的其他纤维一样联锁，因此本发明的通道的有效性没有牺牲，且仍可获得用于吸收或过滤。可在形成最终产品之后除去外部组分。因此，本发明的纤维及其突出物不可能联锁。
一旦形成纺织品产品，则用溶剂，例如，但不限于，氢氧化钠、酸或者在水可分散的聚合物，例如Exceval情况下，使用水洗涤织物，以便除去可溶的外部鞘。或者，可视需要在形成纺织品产品之前洗涤双组分纤维。
为了形成本发明的非织造织物，可使用数种不同的技术，其中包括热粘结、化学粘结或机械粘结，来粘结纤维。在一个实施方案中，使用液压缠结(hydroentanglement)形成非织造织物，所述液压缠结是利用流体动力，缠结并粘结纤维所使用的机构。或者，可通过针刺，产生非织造织物，所述针刺通过机械方式取向并联锁纺粘或梳理过的纤维网中的纤维。采用反复出入纤维网的成千的钩刺针(barbedfelting needle)实现针刺。针刺和液压缠结形成致密的结构，结果当除去外部鞘时，翼形原地释放，从而形成具有高渗透率的结构。该织物最终的应用决定了应当使用哪一种粘结技术。例如，若非织造织物用于过滤大颗粒，则可使用随机联锁纤维的纺粘纤维，而不是织造织物，制造它。若需要非织造织物过滤较小的颗粒，则可由熔喷纤维制造它，所述熔喷纤维利用高速空气或另一合适的力将纤维粘结在一起。或者，可挤出长丝，和可卷曲所述长丝并切割成纤维网可由其形成的短纤维，然后通过以上所述的一种或更多种方法粘结，形成非织造织物。还可使用相同的短纤维或长丝纤维，形成织造、针织或编织结构。
在本发明的另一实施方案中，可通过纺丝双组分纤维并将纤维长度切割成短的片段并且成捆放置，从而构造短纤非织造织物。然后通过湿法成网工艺或者梳理，以均匀的纤维网形式铺开纤维捆，随后通过本领域已知的热机械方式粘结。
也可使用本发明的纤维制备常规的织造织物以供在衣服和类似物中使用。由于本发明的纤维坚固，因而它们可在常规的针织和编织技术中使用且没有牺牲纤维的完整性。
尽管许多纤维是本领域已知的，但本发明公开了可使用具有小旦数的高表面积纤维，它们可在织造和非织造织物二者应用中使用。本发明的纤维具有比本领域已知的常规纤维高的热绝缘能力，并形成改进的过滤介质。此外，本发明的纤维更加坚固、更加具有挠性和可透气性更好。如上所述，由于翼形纤维是压缩回弹的，因此没有妨碍通道且通道具有较大的毛细/芯吸能力，以及吸收能力。另外，这些纤维具有能捕获纳米尺寸的颗粒的能力。由于本发明的纤维坚固且具有抗剪切性，因此纤维可耐受高压且可在液体过滤以及要求高压的苛刻气溶胶过滤应用中使用。正因为如此，本发明提供由织造或非织造织物或纤维构造的高效低压降过滤器。
本发明具有许多应用。在一个实例中，本发明可用于常规的织造应用，例如吸油服装(wicking garment)、热绝缘服装、舒适服装、运动服装和野营服装。在另一实例中，可在非织造织物中使用本发明生产过滤介质过滤液体或空气用于清洁空间。在再一实例中，本发明可与常规的圆纤维一起使用，利用纺丝板或在制造工艺中结合后者，得到可结合使用的多层纤维。结合或夹合本发明的纤维与常规的圆纤维允许单一产品具有多种物理性能且成本有效。
本发明也可用于改进的擦拭材料。在典型的应用，例如婴儿擦拭布(wipe)中，在使用之前用液体底涂擦拭布。然而，本发明能产生吸收脏物和灰尘颗粒且没有留下任何颗粒的擦拭产品，这是因为在纤维通道内的液体保留在那儿，同时仍然溶解并辅助清洁过程。另外，本发明可用于卫生和声学材料、热绝缘、土工布(geotextile)材料、建筑材料和压缩性能材料，例如作为缓冲垫和床垫。
在阅读了前述说明书的基础上，本发明的一些改性和改进对本领域的技术人员来说是显而易见的。提供以上提及的实例起到解释本发明各方面的目的，且对于本领域的技术人员来说，显而易见的是它们没有限制本发明的范围。为了简洁和可阅读性，此处删除了所有改性和改进，但它们合适地在下述权利要求的范围内。

Claims (28)

1.一种高表面积纤维，该纤维包括：
内部纤维，所述内部纤维具有含中间区域的截面，该中间区域具有从该中间区域并沿着中间区域周边延伸的多个突出物，其中多个突出物确定多个通道；和
外部鞘，所述外部鞘是可溶解的；
其中外部鞘包围内部纤维。
2.权利要求1的纤维，其中内部纤维是热塑性聚合物。
3.权利要求1的纤维，其中多个通道均匀地间隔布置。
4.权利要求1的纤维，其中多个突出物确定翼形构型。
5.权利要求1的纤维，其中多个通道具有约200纳米-约1000纳米的通道宽度。
6.权利要求1的纤维，其中内部纤维的截面具有约1微米-约100微米的截面长度。
7.权利要求1的纤维，其中内部纤维的截面具有约1微米-约100微米的截面宽度。
8.权利要求1的纤维，其中旦数为约1.0-20.0。
9.权利要求8的纤维，其中内部纤维的截面的比表面积为大于或等于约140,000cm2/g。
10.权利要求1的纤维，其中中间区域形成在中心具有空隙的圆形构型。
11.权利要求1的纤维，其中可溶解的外部鞘包括聚丙交酯(PLA)、共聚酯、聚乙烯醇(PVA)或乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物(EVOH)。
12.权利要求1的纤维，其中中间区域为套筒(hub)。
13.权利要求1的纤维，其中中间区域为纵轴。
14.一种高表面积的纤维，该纤维包括：
内部纤维，该内部纤维为热塑性聚合物，内部纤维具有含纵轴的截面，所述截面具有从纵轴且沿着纵轴周边延伸的多个突出物，其中多个突出物确定多个通道，多个通道具有约200纳米-约1000纳米的宽度；
外部鞘，该外部鞘是可溶解的聚合物，外部鞘包围内部纤维；
其中内部纤维具有约1微米-约100微米的截面长度和约1微米-约100微米的截面宽度；和
其中内部纤维的截面的表面积为约100,000cm2/g-约1,000,000cm2/g。
15.制备高表面积纤维的方法，该方法包括下述步骤：
共挤出内部纤维和外部鞘通过至少一个板，内部纤维为热塑性聚合物，外部鞘为可溶解的聚合物，内部纤维具有含中间区域的截面，中间区域具有从中间区域且沿着中间区域周边延伸的多个突出物，其中多个突出物确定多个通道；
熔体纺丝内部纤维和外部鞘，形成双组分纤维；和
使用溶剂，从双组分纤维中除去外部鞘，得到高表面积纤维。
16.权利要求15的方法，其中双组分纤维具有至少4个片段。
17.权利要求16的方法，其中熔体纺丝步骤使内部纤维与外部鞘交替。
18.权利要求15的方法，进一步包括在除去外部鞘之前，形成纺织品产品的步骤。
19.权利要求15的方法，进一步包括粘结高表面积纤维，形成非织造织物的步骤。
20.权利要求19的方法，其中粘结高表面积纤维形成非织造织物的步骤进一步包括利用热、化学或机械方式或其结合来粘结。
21.权利要求15的方法，进一步包括粘结高表面积纤维形成织造织物。
22.高表面积纤维，该纤维的截面包括：
中间区域；
多个突出物；
多个通道；
其中多个突出物从中间区域沿着中间区域周边延伸；
其中多个突出物确定多个通道，和其中多个通道均匀地间隔布置。
23.一种纺织品产品，它包括：
纤维介质，其中该纤维介质包括双组分纤维，该双组分纤维包括内部纤维和可溶解的鞘。
24.权利要求23的纺织品产品，其中纤维介质是非织造过滤介质。
25.权利要求23的纺织品产品，其中纤维介质是织造材料。
26.一种纺织品产品，它包括：
纤维介质，其中该纤维介质包括纤维，该纤维具有含中间区域的截面，中间区域具有从中间区域并沿着中间区域周边延伸的多个突出物，其中多个突出物确定多个均匀地间隔布置的通道。
27.权利要求26的纺织品产品，其中纤维介质是非织造过滤介质。
28.权利要求26的纺织品产品，其中纤维介质是织造材料。
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