CN101613284B - 洛伐他汀、辛伐他汀和辛伐他汀-6-氧化物的硝基氧基衍生物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
洛伐他汀、辛伐他汀和辛伐他汀-6-氧化物的硝基氧基衍生物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101613284B CN101613284B CN 200910059784 CN200910059784A CN101613284B CN 101613284 B CN101613284 B CN 101613284B CN 200910059784 CN200910059784 CN 200910059784 CN 200910059784 A CN200910059784 A CN 200910059784A CN 101613284 B CN101613284 B CN 101613284B
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- simvastatin
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Abstract
本发明描述了洛伐他汀、辛伐他汀和辛伐他汀-6-氧化物(L-669262)的硝基氧基衍生物,其通式如式(I)所示,它们能够增强他汀类诸如抗炎等的非调脂活性。同时涉及它们的制备方法。
Description
技术领域:
本发明涉及一种新型的他汀类降血脂药物硝基氧基衍生物及其制备方法,该类衍生物可用于降血脂,并能够提高他汀类药物诸如抗炎等非调脂活性。
背景技术:
他汀类是指一组化合物,主要的化合物包括美伐他汀(Mevastatin)、洛伐他汀(Lovastatin)、辛伐他汀(Simvasatin)、普伐他汀(Pravastatin)、氟伐他汀(Fluvastatin)、阿托伐他汀(Atorvastatin)、西立伐他汀(Cerivastatin)、罗苏伐他汀(Rosuvastatin)和匹伐他汀(Pitavastatin)。其中,美伐他汀、洛伐他汀和普伐他汀是微生物来源的化合物,辛伐他汀是半合成的化合物,其它化合物为全合成的化合物。L-669262是辛伐他汀-6-氧代的衍生物(iso-simvastatin-6-one),由辛伐他汀的钠盐通过微生物转化分离得到,L-669262抑制HMG-CoA还原酶的体外活性是辛伐他汀的6~7倍(IC50分别为0.66ng/ml和0.10ng/ml)(The Journal ofAntibiotics,1991,44,366~370)。
他汀类降血脂药物是3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶(HMG-CoA还原酶)的抑制剂,该还原酶能够使HMG-CoA转变为甲羟戊酸,是体内胆固醇生物合成的限速酶。由于他汀类药物的开环侧链结构与HMG-CoA还原酶的底物HMG-CoA的戊二酰结构相似,所以他汀类药物可以竞争性地抑制HMG-CoA还原酶的活性,从而能够降低内源性胆固醇的水平。临床结果显示,他汀类药物不仅能够强效地降低血浆总胆固醇(TC)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)的水平,而且能够较大幅度地降低甘油三酯(TG)和升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)的水平。
近年来,大量研究证实,他汀类对于心脑血管疾病的治疗作用还得益于其多种非调脂作用,包括改善内皮功能、抑制炎症反应、抗血小板聚集、稳定AS(动脉粥样硬化)斑块等,这些非调脂作用有很多是通过NO这一小分子介导的。不过由于调脂治疗本身即可影响AS进程的许多方面,所以也很难将这些作用同其调脂作用截然分开。
然而,他汀类化合物也具有不良反应,例如:肝毒性、肾毒性、潜在的致癌作 用以及肌毒性等,最主要的是肌毒性,临床表现是肌痛、肌触痛、肌无力,并时常伴有肌酸激酶(CK)增高,最严重的为横纹肌溶解症,西立伐他汀既是因其引起的严重横纹肌溶解症于2001年撤出了市场销售。
一氧化氮(NO)是体内重要的信使物质或效应分子,在心血管、神经及免疫等系统发挥着极其重要的作用,其在心血管系统中的作用包括舒张血管平滑肌、抑制血小板黏附和聚集、抑制血管平滑肌的增生和迁移、抗炎抗氧化等作用。NO供体可以在体内经酶或非酶作用释放出NO,它既可作为一种NO的体内运输形式,又可作为一种储存形式延长NO的半衰期。硝酸酯(硝基氧基)类是近年来研究较多的NO供体,目前发现的NO供体具有多种结构类型,除硝酸酯类外,其它主要的还有呋咱氮氧类、N-芳基-N’-羟基胍类、噁三唑类和偶氮鎓二醇盐类等。
中国专利1794987和美国专利2007072942公开了普伐他汀、氟伐他汀、阿托伐他汀、西立伐他汀和罗苏伐他汀五个他汀的硝基氧基衍生物,这些新的衍生物在保持或者提高原有降胆固醇活性的基础上,提高了抗炎、抗血栓形成和抗血小板活性等非调脂作用。
中国专利101270084公开了匹伐他汀的硝基氧基衍生物,其抗血栓等活性已有所提高。
发明内容:
本发明的目的是提供一种具有通式(I)的三个他汀类化合物硝基氧基新衍生物,它们能够增强他汀类诸如抗炎等的非调脂活性。
其中:
Y是O、S或NH;
R是洛伐他汀、辛伐他汀或辛伐他汀-6-氧化物(L-669262)的残基,结构式分别如下:
Z是具有如下含义的连接基团:
a)直链或带支链的1-10个碳原子的亚烷基、1-8个碳原子的亚烷氧亚烷基;
b)具有以下结构的基团
其中n=0~10;M为CH或N;
c)具有以下结构的基团
其中,n1=0~5;
R2为-(CH2)n2-,n2=2~8,-CH2CH=CHCH2-,-CH2C≡CCH2-,-CH2-吡啶(2,6)-CH2-,-苯基(CH2)n3-(邻、间、对),n3=1~4。
一组优选的化合物为式(I)的化合物,其中:
Y是O或S;
Z是具有如下含义的连接基团:
a)直链或带支链的1-8个碳原子的亚烷基、1-8个碳原子的亚烷氧亚烷基;
b)具有以下结构的基团
其中n=0~5,优选n=1,M为CH;
c)具有以下结构的基团
其中,n1=0~4,优选n1=0;
R2为-(CH2)n2-,n2=2~8,-CH2CH=CHCH2-,-CH2C≡CCH2-,-CH2-吡啶(2,6)-CH2-,-苯基(CH2)n3-(邻、间、对),n3=1~4。
另一组优选的化合物为式(I)的化合物,其中:
Y是O或S;
Z是具有如下含义的连接基团:
a)直链或带支链的1-8个碳原子的亚烷基、1-8个碳原子的亚烷氧亚烷基;
b)具有以下结构的基团
其中n=0~5,优选n=1,M为N;
c)具有以下结构的基团
其中,n1=0~4,优选n1=0;
R2为-(CH2)n2-,n2=2~8,-CH2CH=CHCH2-,-CH2C≡CCH2-,-CH2-吡啶 (2,6)-CH2-,-苯基(CH2)n3-(邻、间、对),n3=1~4。
本发明另一方面提供式(I)化合物作为具有抗炎作用的降血脂药物使用,或是与其它心血管类药物联合使用。
本发明还提供式(I)化合物的制备方法,其通用制备过程在下文中详述。
本发明也包括式(I)化合物药学可接受的盐类和它们的立体异构体。
依照本发明的化合物,分子中含有能够成盐的氮原子,可通过与相应的有机酸和无机酸在有机溶剂中反应转化成相应的盐类。
有机酸可为:草酸、酒石酸、马来酸、琥珀酸、柠檬酸。无机酸可为:硝酸、盐酸、硫酸、磷酸。
本发明的化合物具有一个或多个不对称碳原子,存在形式可为光学纯的对映体、纯的非对映体、对映体混合物、非对映体混合物、对映体的外消旋混合物、外消旋物或外消旋物混合物。式(I)化合物的所有可能的异构体、立体异构体以及它们的混合物也是本发明的目的。
如下为本发明优选化合物:
1)洛伐他汀-4-(硝基氧基)丁酯,
2)洛伐他汀-4-(硝基氧基甲基)苄酯,
3)洛伐他汀-3-(硝基氧基甲基)苄酯,
4)洛伐他汀-2-(硝基氧基甲基)苄酯,
5)洛伐他汀-4-(硝基氧基甲基)苯酯,
6)洛伐他汀-3-(硝基氧基甲基)苯酯,
7)洛伐他汀-2-(硝基氧基甲基)苯酯,
8)洛伐他汀-2-[2-(硝基氧基)乙氧基]乙酯,相应结构式为:
9)洛伐他汀-2-甲氧基-4-[3-氧代-3-[4-(硝基氧基)丁氧基]反-丙烯基]苯酯,相应结构式为:
10)洛伐他汀-4-[2-甲氧基-4-[3-氧代-3-[4-(硝基氧基)丁氧基]反-丙烯基]苯氧甲基]苄酯,相应结构式为:
11)洛伐他汀-3-[2-甲氧基-4-[3-氧代-3-[4-(硝基氧基)丁氧基]反-丙烯基]苯氧甲基]苄酯,相应结构式为:
12)洛伐他汀-2-[2-甲氧基-4-[3-氧代-3-[4-(硝基氧基)丁氧基]反-丙烯基]苯氧甲基]苄酯,相应结构式为:
13)辛伐他汀-4-(硝基氧基)丁酯,
14)辛伐他汀-4-(硝基氧基甲基)苄酯,
15)辛伐他汀-3-(硝基氧基甲基)苄酯,
16)辛伐他汀-2-(硝基氧基甲基)苄酯,
17)辛伐他汀-4-(硝基氧基甲基)苯酯,
18)辛伐他汀-3-(硝基氧基甲基)苯酯,
19)辛伐他汀-2-(硝基氧基甲基)苯酯,
20)辛伐他汀-2-[2-(硝基氧基)乙氧基]乙酯,相应结构式为:
21)辛伐他汀-2-甲氧基-4-[3-氧代-3-[4-(硝基氧基)丁氧基]反-丙烯基]苯酯,相应结构式为:
22)辛伐他汀-4-[2-甲氧基-4-[3-氧代-3-[4-(硝基氧基)丁氧基]反-丙烯基]苯氧甲基]苄酯,相应结构式为:
23)辛伐他汀-3-[2-甲氧基-4-[3-氧代-3-[4-(硝基氧基)丁氧基]反-丙烯基]苯氧甲基]苄酯,相应结构式为:
24)辛伐他汀-2-[2-甲氧基-4-[3-氧代-3-[4-(硝基氧基)丁氧基]反-丙烯基]苯氧甲基]苄酯,相应结构式为:
25)L-669262-4-(硝基氧基)丁酯,
26)L-669262-4-(硝基氧基甲基)苄酯,
27)L-669262-3-(硝基氧基甲基)苄酯,
28)L-669262-2-(硝基氧基甲基)苄酯,
29)L-669262-4-(硝基氧基甲基)苯酯,
30)L-669262-3-(硝基氧基甲基)苯酯,
31)L-669262-2-(硝基氧基甲基)苯酯,
32)L-669262-2-[2-(硝基氧基)乙氧基]乙酯,相应结构式为:
33)L-669262-2-甲氧基-4-[3-氧代-3-[4-(硝基氧基)丁氧基]反-丙烯基]苯酯,相应结构式为:
34)L-669262-4-[2-甲氧基-4-[3-氧代-3-[4-(硝基氧基)丁氧基]反-丙烯基]苯氧甲基]苄酯,相应结构式为:
35)L-669262-3-[2-甲氧基-4-[3-氧代-3-[4-(硝基氧基)丁氧基]反-丙烯基]苯氧甲基]苄酯,相应结构式为:
36)L-669262-2-[2-甲氧基-4-[3-氧代-3-[4-(硝基氧基)丁氧基]反-丙烯基]苯氧甲基]苄酯,相应结构式为:
他汀硝基氧基衍生物对体外炎症的作用
诱导型一氧化氮合成酶(iNOS)、环氧化酶-2(COX-2)等蛋白酶被公认为与炎症过程有关。运用在脂多糖(LPS 1μg/mL)下培养的RAW264.7单核巨噬细胞进行实验,在脂多糖存在下刺激15h后,细胞以溶菌缓冲液获取,并进行蛋白质的含量测定。以Western Blot法诱导iNOS和COX-2蛋白,以每个治疗对LPS-处理样品的光密度减少的百分数作为结果,数值以X±s表示,如下表。
在RAW264.7细胞系中,辛伐他汀的硝基氧基衍生物对iNOS和COX-2两个与炎症过程相关的蛋白发挥了显著的抑制作用。
制备通用过程
通式(I)的化合物,其中Y=O,可通过将式(II)化合物与式(III)化合物反应制得:
其中M为碱金属或碱土金属,优选Na+,Ca2+/2;A为氯、溴、碘;B为硝基氧基或与A基团相同;Z的定义与通式(I)的化合物相同,
式(II)化合物由洛伐他汀、辛伐他汀或辛伐他汀-6-氧化物(L-669262)在乙醇、甲醇或丙酮中碱水解得到,式(III)化合物可在市场上购买得到,
当B为硝基氧基时,式(II)化合物与式(III)化合物在惰性有机溶剂如N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺、四氢呋喃、苯、甲苯、多卤代脂肪族的碳氢化合物中,于10℃~60℃的范围内反应0.5小时到48小时可得式(I)化合物,式(II)化合物与式(III)化合物的投料摩尔比为1∶1~1.2;
当B与A基团相同,即均为氯、溴或碘时,首先式(II)化合物与式(III)化合物在惰性有机溶剂如N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺、四氢呋喃、苯、甲苯、多卤代脂肪族的碳氢化合物中,于10℃~60℃的范围内反应0.5小时到48小时可得中间化合物,式(II)化合物与式(III)化合物的投料摩尔比为1∶1.5~3,然后所得中间化合物再与硝酸银在乙腈、四氢呋喃、甲乙酮或N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺中避光反应0.5小时到48小时得到目标化合物,路线如下:
具体实施例:
以下举例用于进一步说明本发明,不以任何形式构成对本发明的限制。
实施例1:
(3R,5R)-3,5-二羟基-7-[(1S,2S,6R,8S,8αR)-2,6-二甲基-8-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-1,2,6,7,8,8α-六氢-1-萘基]庚酸-4-(硝基氧基)丁酯(辛伐他汀-4-(硝基氧基)丁酯)的合成
1a)(3R,5R)-3,5-二羟基-7-[(1S,2S,6R,8S,8αR)-2,6-二甲基-8-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-1,2,6,7,8,8α-六氢-1-萘基]庚酸-4-溴丁酯
将1,4-二溴丁烷(0.75ml,6.3mmol)的N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺(6ml)溶液逐滴加入辛伐他汀钠(1.60g,3.5mmol)的N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺(9ml)溶液中,反应混合物在室温下搅拌24小时。向反应溶液中加入水(15ml),然后用乙醚(15ml×3)萃取,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤后滤液减压浓缩。残渣过硅胶柱分离纯化,用正己烷/乙酸乙酯1/1洗脱。得无色透明油状物0.95g。
1b)(3R,5R)-3,5-二羟基-7-[(1S,2S,6R,8S,8αR)-2,6-二甲基-8-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-1,2,6,7,8,8α-六氢-1-萘基]庚酸-4-(硝基氧基)丁酯
向1a)所得化合物(0.20g,0.4mmol)的乙腈溶液(1.0ml)中加入硝酸银(0.10g,0.6mmol)的乙腈溶液(2.0ml),反应混合物于40℃避光搅拌48h。将形成的沉淀滤去,真空蒸干溶剂。残渣过硅胶柱纯化,用正己烷/乙酸乙酯2.5/1.0洗脱。得到0.12g油状目标化合物。
MS:554.2(M+1)+
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ(ppm):5.96-5.99(d,1H),5.74-5.79(dd,1H),5.49(m,1H),5.39-5.40(m,1H),4.46-4.50(t,2H),4.24(m,1H),4.13-4.17(t,2H),3.78(m,1H),3.00(brs,1H),2.47-2.49(d,2H),2.34-2.37(m,2H),2.20-2.25(dd,1H),1.94(m,1H),1.15-2.00(m,15H),1.12(s,3H),1.11(s,3H),1.07-1.09(d,3H),0.85-0.87(d,3H),0.79-0.82(t,3H).
实施例2:
(3R,5R)-3,5-二羟基-7-[(1S,2S,6R,8S,8αR)-2,6-二甲基-8-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-1,2,6,7,8,8α-六氢-1-萘基]庚酸-2-[2-(硝基氧基)乙氧基]乙酯(辛伐他汀-2-[2-(硝基氧基)乙氧基]乙酯)的合成
2a)(3R,5R)-3,5-二羟基-7-[(1S,2S,6R,8S,8αR)-2,6-二甲基-8-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-1,2,6,7,8,8α-六氢-1-萘基]庚酸-2-(2-溴乙氧基)乙酯向辛伐他汀钠盐(0.55g,1.2mmol)的N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺(10ml)溶液中逐滴加入2,2’-二溴二乙醚(0.3ml,2.4mmol)的N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺(10ml)溶液,反应混合物在室温下搅拌48小时。将反应溶液减压浓缩后用水和乙酸乙酯处理,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤后减压浓缩得到1.3g油状物,不经分离直接进入下一步反应。
2b)(3R,5R)-3,5-二羟基-7-[(1S,2S,6R,8S,8αR)-2,6-二甲基-8-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-1,2,6,7,8,8α-六氢-1-萘基]庚酸-2-[2-(硝基氧基)乙氧基]乙酯向2a)所得化合物(1.3g,约1.2mmol)的乙腈溶液(5.0ml)中加入硝酸银(0.80g,4.8mmol)的乙腈溶液(5.0ml),反应混合物于40℃避光搅拌48h。将形成的沉淀滤去,真空蒸干溶剂。残渣过硅胶柱纯化,用正己烷/乙酸乙酯3/1洗脱。得到0.33g油状目标化合物。
MS:570.1(M+1)
+H-NMR(CDCl3(ppm)5.96-5.99(d,1H),5.75-5.79(dd,1H),5.48-5.51(m,1H),5.35-5.40(m,1H),4.57-4.64(m,2H),4.35-4.38(m,1H),4.24-4.30(m,1H),4.08-4.14(m,1H),3.69-3.80(m,4H),3.60-3.62(m,1H),2.40-2.52(m,4H),2.34-2.38(m,1H),2.21-2.27(m,1H),2.04(s,1H),1.25-2.00(m,11H),1.12(s,3H),1.11(s,3H),1.06-1.09(d,3H),0.87-0.89(d,3H),0.80-0.84(t,3H).
实施例3:
(3R,5R)-3,5-二羟基-7-[(1S,2S,6R,8S,8αR)-2,6-二甲基-8-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-1,2,6,7,8,8α-六氢-1-萘基]庚酸-4-(硝基氧基甲基)苄酯(辛伐他汀-4-(硝基氧基甲基)苄酯)的合成
3a)(3R,5R)-3,5-二羟基-7-[(1S,2S,6R,8S,8αR)-2,6-二甲基-8-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-1,2,6,7,8,8α-六氢-1-萘基]庚酸-4-(溴甲基)苄酯
向辛伐他汀钠盐(0.55g,1.2mmol)的N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺(10ml)溶液中逐滴加入对二氯苄(0.42g,2.4mmol)的N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺(10ml)溶液中,反应混合物在室温下搅拌24小时。将反应溶液以水和乙酸乙酯处理,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥后减压浓缩得到2.0g油状物,不经分离直接进入下一步反应。
3b)(3R,5R)-3,5-二羟基-7-[(1S,2S,6R,8S,8αR)-2,6-二甲基-8-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-1,2,6,7,8,8α-六氢-1-萘基]庚酸-4-(硝基氧基甲基)苄酯向3a)所得化合物粗品(2.0g)的乙腈溶液(10.0ml)中加入硝酸银(0.80g,4.8mmol)的乙腈溶液(5.0ml),反应混合物于40℃避光搅拌48h。将形成的沉淀滤去,真空蒸干溶剂。残渣过硅胶柱纯化,用正己烷/乙酸乙酯2.5/1洗脱。得到0.63g油状目标化合物。
MS:602.2(M+1)+
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ(ppm):7.27-7.44(m,4H),5.97-5.99(d,1H),5.75-5.79(dd,1H),5.43(s,2H),5.49(m,1H),5.40-5.43(m,1H),5.17(s,2H),4.26-4.30(m,1H),3.71-3 .80(m,1H),2.64-2.86(brs,2H),2.54-2.59(d,2H),2.40-2.48(m,1H),2.33-2.38(m,1H),2.21-2.25(dd,1H),1.92-1.96(m,2H),1.47-1.71(m,7H),1.15-1.19(m,2H),1.12(s,3H),1.11(s,3H),1.07-1.09(d,3H),0.86-0.88(d,3H),0.80-0.82(t,3H).
实施例4:
(3R,5R)-3,5-二羟基-7-[(1S,2S,6R,8S,8αR)-2,6-二甲基-8-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-1,2,6,7,8,8α-六氢-1-萘基]庚酸-3-(硝基氧基甲基)苄酯(辛伐他汀-3-(硝基氧基甲基)苄酯)的合成
参照实施例3的方法,以间二氯苄代替对二氯苄,制得0.80g标题化合物。
MS:602.2(M+1)+
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ(ppm):7.27-7.44(m,4H),5.97-6.00(d,1H),5.76-5.80(dd,1H),5.44(s,2H),5.49-5.52(m,1H),5.35-5.41(m,1H),5.17(s,2H),4.26-4.38(m,1H),3.76-3.80(m,1H),2.54-2.55(d,2H),2.40-2.48(m,1H),2.33-2.39(m,1H),2.22-2.25(dd,1H),1.93-1.96(m,2H),1.46-1.72(m,7H),1.15-1.19(m,2H),1.12(s,3H),1.11(s,3H),1.08-1.09(d,3H),0.86-0.88(d,3H),0.80-0.83(t,3H).
实施例5:
(3R,5R)-3,5-二羟基-7-[(1S,2S,6R,8S,8αR)-2,6-二甲基-8-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-1,2,6,7,8,8α-六氢-1-萘基]庚酸-2-(硝基氧基甲基)苄酯(辛伐他汀-2-(硝基氧基甲基)苄酯)的合成
参照实施例3的方法,以邻二氯苄代替对二氯苄,制得0.71g标题化合物。
MS:602.2(M+1)+
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ(ppm):7.27-7.44(m,4H),5.96-5.99(d,1H),5.75-5.79(dd,1H),5.55(s,2H),5.51(m,1H),5.38-5.41(m,1H),5.24(s,2H),4.23-4.29(m,1H),3.74-3.79(m,1H),2.76-2.96(brs,2H),2.50-2.51(d,2H),2.43-2.47(m,1H),2.33-2.38(m,1H),2.21-2.23(dd,1H),1.92-1.94(m,2H),1.45-1.64(m,7H),1.15-1.19(m,2H),1.11(s,3H),1.10(s,3H),1.07-1.09(d,3H),0.85-0.87(d,3H),0.79-0.82(t,3H).
实施例6
(3R,5R)-3,5-二羟基-7-[(1S,2S,6R,8S,8αR)-2,6-二甲基-8-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-1,2,6,7,8,8α-六氢-1-萘基]庚酸-4-[2-甲氧基-4-[3-氧代-3-[4-(硝基氧基)丁氧基]反-丙烯基]苯氧甲基]苄酯(辛伐他汀-4-[2-甲氧基-4-[3-氧代-3-[4-(硝基氧基)丁氧基]反-丙烯基]苯氧甲基]苄酯)的合成
4a)E-4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯丙烯酸-4’-溴丁酯
将反式阿魏酸(2.0g,10.3mmol)溶于丙酮(30ml)中,加入三乙胺(8.0ml)和1,4-二溴丁烷(4.0ml,33.8mmol),于60℃搅拌反应6h,滤除不溶物后旋干浓缩得2.5g黄色油状物,过硅胶柱分离纯化,用石油醚(60~90℃)/乙酸乙酯4/1洗脱,得1.3g黄白色固体状标题化合物。
4b)E-4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯丙烯酸-4’-(硝基氧基)丁酯
向4a)所得化合物(0.30g,0.9mmol)的乙腈溶液(5.0ml)中加入硝酸银(0.46g,2.7mmol),反应混合物室温避光搅拌反应24h。将形成的沉淀滤去,真空蒸干溶剂,得0.40g黄白色固体标题化合物,所得粗品无需纯化直接进入下一步反应。
4c)E-4-(4-氯甲基苄氧基)-3-甲氧基苯丙烯酸-4’-(硝基氧基)丁酯
向4b)所得标题化合物粗品(0.40g)的乙腈溶液(10.0ml)中依次加入对二氯苄(0.47g,2.73mmol)、KCO3(0.14g,1.0mmol)和KI(0.08g,0.5mmol),室温搅拌反应6h,滤除沉淀,滤液旋干得黄色油状物,硅胶柱分离纯化,石油醚/乙酸乙酯2/1洗脱,得0.20g黄白色晶体。
MS:488.0(M+K)+
4d)(3R,5R)-3,5-二羟基-7-[(1S,2S,6R,8S,8αR)-2,6-二甲基-8-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-1,2,6,7,8,8α-六氢-1-萘基]庚酸-4-[2-甲氧基-4-[3-氧代-3-[4-(硝基氧基)丁氧基]反-丙烯基]苯氧甲基]苄酯
将辛伐他汀钠(0.33g,0.8mmol)的N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺(4.0ml)溶液加入4c)所得化合物的N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺(4.0ml)溶液中,室温搅拌反应40h,反应液用水和乙酸乙酯处理,有机层用饱和食盐水洗后用无水硫酸钠干燥。过滤后旋干溶剂得0.40g深黄色油状物,过硅胶柱纯化,用石油醚/乙酸乙酯1/1洗脱,得0.13g无色油状标题化合物。
MS:850.3(M+1)+
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ(ppm):7.59-7.63(d,1H),7.42-7.44(d,2H),7.35-7.38(d,2H),7.07(m,1H),7.02-7.05(m,1H),6.84-6.87(d,1H),6.27-6.31(d,1H),5.96-5.99(d, 1H),5.75-5.79(dd,1H),5.49(m,1H),5.39-5.40(m,1H),5.19(s,2H),5.15(s,2H),4.50-4.53(t,2H),4.26-4.30(m,1H),4.23-4.26(t,2H),3.92(s,3H),3.76-3.81(m,1H),2.53-2.54(d,2H),2.40-2.50(m,1H),2.33-2.38(m,1H),2.20-2.37(dd,1H),1.93-1.97(m,6H),1.49-1.64(m,7H),1.28-1.31(m,2H),1.12(s,3H),1.11(s,3H),1.08-1.09(d,3H),0.86-0.87(d,3H),0.80-0.83(t,3H).
实施例7:
(3R,5R)-3,5-二羟基-7-[(1S,2S,6R,8S,8αR)-2,6-二甲基-8-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-1,2,6,7,8,8α-六氢-1-萘基]庚酸-3-[2-甲氧基-4-[3-氧代-3-[4-(硝基氧基)丁氧基]反-丙烯基]苯氧甲基]苄酯(辛伐他汀-3-[2-甲氧基-4-[3-氧代-3-[4-(硝基氧基)丁氧基]反-丙烯基]苯氧甲基]苄酯)的合成
参照实施例6的方法,以间二氯苄代替对二氯苄,制得0.20g标题化合物。
MS:850.3(M+1)+
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ(ppm):7.59-7.63(d,1H),7.36-7.43(m,3H),7.29-7.32(m,1H),7.04-7.08(m,2H),6.87-6.89(d,1H),6.27-6.32(d,1H),5.97-5.99(d,1H),5.75-5.79(dd,1H),5.49(m,1H),5.39-5.41(m,1H),5.18(s,2H),5.16(s,2H),4.50-4.53(t,2H),4.26-4.30(m,1H),4.23-4.26(t,2H),3.92(s,3H),3.76-3.81(m,1H),2.53-2.54(d,2H),2.40-2.50(m,1H),2.33-2.38(m,1H),2.20-2.37(dd,1H),1.93-1.97(m,6H),1.49-1.64(m,7H),1.28-1.31(m,2H),1.12(s,3H),1.11(s,3H),1.08-1.09(d,3H),0.86-0.87(d,3H),0.80-0.83(t,3H).
实施例8:
(3R,5R)-3,5-二羟基-7-[(1S,2S,6R,8S,8αR)-2,6-二甲基-8-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-1,2,6,7,8,8α-六氢-1-萘基]庚酸-2-[2-甲氧基-4-[3-氧代-3-[4-(硝基氧基)丁氧基]反-丙烯基]苯氧甲基]苄酯(辛伐他汀-2-[2-甲氧基-4-[3-氧代-3-[4-(硝基氧基)丁氧基]反-丙烯基]苯氧甲基]苄酯)的合成
参照实施例6的方法,以邻二氯苄代替对二氯苄,制得0.10g标题化合物。
MS:850.2(M+1)+
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ(ppm):7.61-7.65(d,1H),7.48-7.50(m,1H),7.42-7.44(m,1H),7.27-7.38(m,2H),7.07-7.10(m,2H),6.92-6.95(d,1H),6.29-6.34(d,1H),5.98-6.00(d,1H),5.76-5.80(dd,1H),5.50(m,1H),5.41(m,1H),5.31(s,2H),5.23(s,2H),4.52-4.55(t,2H),4.24-4.27(m,3H),3.91(s,3H),3.74-3.77(m,1H),2.49-2.51(d,2H),2.42-2.47(m,1H),2.33-2.37(m,1H),2.22-2.25(dd,1H),1.93-1.97(m,6H),1.49-1.64(m,7H),1.28-1.31(m,2H),1.09-1.12(m,9H),0.88-0.90(d,3H),0.80-0.84( t,3H).
实施例9:
(3R,5R)-3,5-二羟基-7-[(1S,2S,6R,8S,8αR)-2,6-二甲基-8-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-1,2,6,7,8,8α-六氢-1-萘基]庚酸(6-硝氧基甲基吡啶-2-)甲酯的合成
9a)(3R,5R)-3,5-二羟基-7-[(1S,2S,6R,8S,8αR)-2,6-二甲基-8-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-1,2,6,7,8,8α-六氢-1-萘基]庚酸(6-氯甲基吡啶-2-)甲酯的合成
向辛伐他汀钠盐(0.55g,1.2mmol)的N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺(10ml)溶液中逐滴加入2,3-二氯甲基吡啶(0.42g,2.4mmol)的N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺(10ml)溶液中,反应混合物在室温下搅拌24小时。将反应溶液以水和乙酸乙酯处理,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥后减压浓缩得到1.8g油状物,不经分离直接进入下一步反应。
9b)(3R,5R)-3,5-二羟基-7-[(1S,2S,6R,8S,8αR)-2,6-二甲基-8-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-1,2,6,7,8,8α-六氢-1-萘基]庚酸(6-硝氧基甲基吡啶-2-)甲酯的合成
向3a)所得化合物粗品(1.8g)的乙腈溶液(10.0ml)中加入硝酸银(0.80g,4.8mmol)的乙腈溶液(5.0ml),反应混合物于40℃避光搅拌48h。将形成的沉淀滤去,真空蒸干溶剂。残渣过硅胶柱纯化,用正己烷/乙酸乙酯2.5/1洗脱。得到0.65g油状目标化合物。
MS:603.3(M+1)+
1H-NMR(CD)δ(ppm):7.59-8.07(m,3H),6.13(s,2H),5.97-5.99(d,1H),5.75-5.79(dd,1H),5.54(s,2H),5.49(m,1H),5.40-5.43(m,1H),4.26-4.30(m,1H),3.71-3.80(m,1H),2.64-2.86(brs,2H),2.54-2.59(d,2H),2.40-2.48(m,1H),2.33-2.38(m,1H),2.21-2.25(dd,1H),1.92-1.96(m,2H),1.47-1.71(m,7H),1.15-1.19(m,2H),1.12(s,3H),1.11(s,3H),1.07-1.09(d,3H),0.86-0.88(d,3H),0.80-0.82(t,3H).
实施例10:
(3R,5R)-3,5-二羟基-7-[(1S,2S,6R,8S,8αR)-2,6-二甲基-8-(2,2-二甲基丁 酰氧基)-1,2,6,7,8,8α-六氢-1-萘基]庚酸(5-硝氧基甲基吡啶-3-)甲酯的合成
参照实施例3的方法,以3,5-二氯甲基吡啶代替2,3-二氯甲基吡啶,制得0.85g标题化合物。
MS:603.3(M+1)+
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ(ppm):7.82-8.20(m,3H),5.97-6.00(d,1H),5.76-5.80(dd,1H),5.49-5.52(m,1H),5.35-5.41(m,1H),4.94(s,2H),4.63(s,2H),4.26-4.38(m,1H),3.76-3.80(m,1H),2.54-2.55(d,2H),2.40-2.48(m,1H),2.33-2.39(m,1H),2.22-2.25(dd,1H),1.93-1.96(m,2H),1.46-1.72(m,7H),1.15-1.19(m,2H),1.12(s,3H),1.11(s,3H),1.08-1.09(d,3H),0.86-0.88(d,3H),0.80-0.83(t,3H).
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CN106938979B (zh) * | 2017-03-31 | 2019-08-02 | 中国医药集团总公司四川抗菌素工业研究所 | 一种no供体型他汀衍生物、制备方法和应用 |
CN110183329B (zh) * | 2019-06-19 | 2022-09-13 | 中国医药集团总公司四川抗菌素工业研究所 | 硝酸酯类no供体型他汀衍生物及其制备方法 |
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CN1794987A (zh) * | 2003-05-27 | 2006-06-28 | 尼科克斯公司 | 具有提高的抗炎、抗血栓形成和抗血小板活性的作为降胆固醇药的氟伐他汀、普伐他汀、西立伐他汀、阿托伐他汀和罗苏伐他汀的硝基氧基衍生物 |
CN101270084A (zh) * | 2008-05-23 | 2008-09-24 | 北京润德康医药技术有限公司 | 一种新型的匹伐他汀硝基酯衍生物 |
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CN1794987A (zh) * | 2003-05-27 | 2006-06-28 | 尼科克斯公司 | 具有提高的抗炎、抗血栓形成和抗血小板活性的作为降胆固醇药的氟伐他汀、普伐他汀、西立伐他汀、阿托伐他汀和罗苏伐他汀的硝基氧基衍生物 |
CN101270084A (zh) * | 2008-05-23 | 2008-09-24 | 北京润德康医药技术有限公司 | 一种新型的匹伐他汀硝基酯衍生物 |
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