CN101583402A

CN101583402A - Spherical filling body

Info

Publication number: CN101583402A
Application number: CN200780050216.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 托马斯·K·斯特尔泽尔
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2006-11-21
Filing date: 2007-10-16
Publication date: 2009-11-18
Anticipated expiration: 2027-10-16
Also published as: ES2362694T3; CN101583402B

Abstract

The invention relates to the production of a spherical hollow filling body for filling containers for combustible and inflammable liquids or gases, and to a method for the especially advantageous uses thereof, for example, for preventing explosive combustion processes and explosions, for extinguishing fires, as protection against corrosion in tanks, for separating fuels and water, as protection against bacteria and fungi in fuel tanks, as protection against theft, for reducing hydrocarbon emissions, for increasing the stability and safety of tanks in the event of a crash, for reducing the boil-off effect of hydrogen, for applications in the chemical industry, for deriving static electricity from fuel containers, for protection against electromagnetic interferences, for reducing and slowing down the B.L.E.V.E. effect, for increasing the filling quantity of gas containers, for heating and cooling liquids and gases, and for reducing evaporation loss. The invention also relates to methods for producing the filling body. Figure 1 shows a spherical filling body according to the invention, consisting of a plurality of disk-type circular vertical surfaces (1, 2 and 3) and a plurality of disk-type circular horizontal surfaces (7, 8 and 10) which are parallel to each other. A circular opening (6) is located in the centre of the horizontal surface (10), said opening forming an axial continuous tube in the centre, from the top (4) to the bottom (5), together with the upper, inwardly open, circular sleeve-type body (4) and the lower, inwardly open, circular sleeve-type body (5), the inner diameters of the sleeve-type, inwardly open circular bodies (4 and 5) and the circular opening (6) being identical. The vertical surfaces (1) extend from the outer edge of the spherical body to the edge of each circular opening (4, 5 and 6) of the parallel horizontal surfaces (7, 10 and 8) respectively surrounding the openings.

Description

Spherical filling body

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of object with spherical hollow obturator shape; described object is used to fill up liquid or the gas containers that is used for incendivity and can lights; the particularly advantageous using method that also relates to described object; for example be used to prevent explosive combustion process and blast; be used for knock down the flame; as the anti-corrosion protection in the box container; be used to separate fuel and water; bacteriological protection that the case that acts as a fuel is interior and the protection of fungi; as anti-theft protection; be used to reduce hydrocarbon emission; be used to improve the stability and the crashworthiness of box container, be used to reduce " the carburation by evaporation effect " of hydrogen, be used for using at chemical industry; be used for static is conducted from fuel container; be used for anti-emi protection, be used for reducing and delayed boiling expansion of liquids vapour explosion effect, be used to improve the loading of gas container; be used for the heating and cooling liquids and gases, and be used to reduce evaporation loss.In addition, the present invention relates to the manufacture method of this object.

Background technology

Especially for being reduced in the explosion danger in fuel tank and/or the gas cabinet (aerosol container), known use provides the metal otter board of otch, wherein it has the application of following type basically, promptly the shape with roller or ball is installed in case or the container, cause therein significantly that the surface increases, but it is long-pending to occupy the casing of small scale.Therefore substantially use aluminum or aluminum alloy as material at this, because this material is soft especially and can be especially advantageously by known method processing, wherein otch forms by knife cylinder, because the hardness of certain knife cylinder has limited the material selection.This basic principle with knife cylinder processing is changing over past ten years again and again, wherein basic change relate generally to the optimization to each single parts of machine, particularly drawing mechanism (referring to EP 340 619 B, DE 2,801 312 C2, DE3814448A1).

But practice shows, smear metal takes place when cutting with knife cylinder and discharge particulate, this present invention based on application in be significant adverse.Mainly when using expanded material to act as a fuel explosive-proof protector material in the case, these particulates arrive in fuel and arrive in the filter plant of internal combustion engine in company with fuel and arrive in the internal combustion engine self, cause infringement and state particulate in this place.As in EP 912 267 B, advising, remedy for providing at this, do not have under the situation of knife cylinder by means of give off laser beam, the cutter unit of water bundle or electron beam forms otch in web of material, wherein a plurality of such cutter units are fixedly arranged side by side transverse to the traffic direction that approaches width of cloth material, the longitudinal profile of interruption is set in the width of cloth material of feasible process thereunder abreast, and therefore correspondingly provides many vertical lines as cutter unit.The advantage of this technology is not have chip or similar particulate this moment to fall when cutting, and do not need as under the situation of knife cylinder, to require lubricant yet, make it possible to obtain clean expanded material-at first also the carry material of higher case hardness, for example noble metal.This type of material extending that will have longitudinal cut then, wherein important disadvantages is that the stretching with web of material of longitudinal cut must be drawn back realization by band on width, and wherein the broadening of width of cloth material and the shortening of width of cloth material on traffic direction realize simultaneously.Yet, transverse to the longitudinal direction of width of cloth material only draw back with relative complex be used to the edge side clamping device realize, wherein, require distinctive driving-chain or cog belt stroke, as also as described in explain among EP 912 267 B.

For getting rid of these and other shortcoming, in patent application PCT/AT2005/000392 (WO2006/034522A1), advise according to invention, make otch in metal width of cloth material (the laminar metal width of cloth material of particularly making), be set to cross sections by noble metal, wherein chopped beam moves along the x wire with respect to web of material, and be unlocked simultaneously and close, make that formation is spaced,, after stretching, realize the reticulated structure of wishing thus promptly by the separated cross section of material.Similarly method is also known from patent US 2001/001986 A1.

The something in common of all these methods is, the metal otter board of therefore producing is installed in the container to be protected with spherical form.In using the use of spherical metal otter board as explosive-proof protector, shortcoming is that container fills up with the piece of being made by metal otter board, and the outside dimension of this piece is corresponding to the inside dimension of container, and therefore piece can not or be difficult to take out from container when damaging.For example, because desirable cleaning or inspection for container inner wall, the filler that may need to be made by metal otter board takes out from container.In addition, the basic shortcoming of this technology is that container can not be filled by little opening (for example, case is filled in mouth) afterwards.Therefore, Always Suggest is made little obturator by metal otter board, and by vessel port little filler is incorporated in the internal tank afterwards.Therefore, for example known from BP GB 20 28 129, so use square, the rectangle of making by metal otter board, cylindrical or spherical.Basically, the method that is used to make this type of ball is identical, because the metal otter board that the raw material that are used to make have always been produced, metal otter board is configured as spherical or the ellipticity body (sees also: DE3816792C2 in a different manner thus, EP0486464A1, EP0558163B1, AT389479B, WO/1993/008361).

Yet, practice shows, all these manufacture methods all can not provide the result of no problem, because this type of is not a sphere by the obturator of metal otter board manufacturing always, but be spherical punching press body under best situation, the tendency that its hook curved owing to going up of metal otter board or the void edges that presses down causes blocking mutually makes the desired security at least can not be satisfied fully.By hitherto known production method, the outside of the spherical punching press body of manufacturing is processing and rough.Therefore, the unreliable ground of ball rolls mutually and opens, and therefore never guarantees whether ball fills up protected container reliably until last zone.Therefore, can be at the inner bridge of fixing that forms of case, this has realized the space of hollow.Form main danger at this,, importantly in case inside, do not retain hollow space on the function because for the explosive-proof protector that works.In addition, if obturator made of aluminum is installed in the container, then trend towards because the mutual strong friction that mutual scraping contact causes.Showed already in addition; the spherical punching press body of being made by compacting or the metal otter board that is shaped can not have the shape stability or the intensity of desired opposing gas or fluid pressure peak value enduringly, make sinking-so-called " setting (nesting) " that ball in the petrol tank that has filled up, after long service time, occurs-and case therefore no longer remain complete filling to the required amount of explosive-proof protector.And this obturator is unstable in this wise, makes obturator with the filling of air blowing equipment in case and the infringement and the distortion that particularly can cause obturator in the case to the suction of obturator.For the filling that makes this type of obturator of being made by metal otter board can realize better, known this obturator is surrounded with the film that can be dissolved by liquid, described film surrounds obturator in inserting process, and then with fuel liquid (for example, gasoline) do not have the dissolving of residue ground after the contact within a certain period of time, make in internal tank, only to keep obturator.Yet, the basic shortcoming of the obturator of being made by metal otter board is general, described shortcoming is also produced by following reason by the method decision, be that metal otter board is stamped and is shaped, and do not have observant calculating definition (strict extruding, volume etc.) at this geometric properties of making the obturator of being produced in principle.Yet, from practice, being known that use for the potential big customer of this type of explosive-proof protector, this is basic main standard.The planemaker for example must be strict with the weight of knowing explosive-proof protector to be built with restraining, and the extruding of strict volume.Manufacturer must be able to guarantee, can aspirate out the obturator of having inserted in the case of filling, and can insert once more with identical feature.In addition, must avoid the dangerous and friction of any corrosion reliably.These unsafe factors for user and client cause following situation, though promptly there are 30 years in this design from now on market, the described obturator of being made by metal otter board is not obtained market penetration widely at present.Critical defect as the obturator of making by metal otter board according to mentioned method, also mention following situation especially, be this obturator to make the ability that liquids and gases flow through the aspect for it be obviously to have shortcoming, and in fact have tangible flow resistance.Usually, the significant drawbacks of entire method in addition, insertion has the metal otter board of netted ball shape and by the obturator that metal otter board is made, and makes applied this surface increase or physical principle of flame cooling only is suitable for preventing blast, but is not suitable for preventing flame or with fray-out of flame.Now, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of obturator, described obturator not only prevent aspect the fuel tank blast and also extinguish aspect the surface-fire more effective than known product basically, and satisfying a series of more effectively than known product in other order requirement situation, the object of described obturator and advantage are explained in other description.For solving this technical problem, the present invention proposes novel spherical hollow obturator, and the manufacture method of this obturator, as limiting in subsidiary independent claims.Favourable application process provides in the dependent claims.The present invention refers to providing the method for aforementioned type, described method makes it possible to make strict limits and the identical obturator that has ideal characterisitics by the best suitable material that is respectively applied for specific application target, and described obturator does not have the described shortcoming of the present employed obturator of being made by metal otter board.

Summary of the invention

This technical problem task solves by the obturator that provides in the claims.The advantage of described obturator is that having in the claims method is the desirable spherical form that has absolute smooth surface, and described obturator rolls relatively well and opens and with the reliability of maximum container is filled up until last zone.The bridge construction that mutual hook owing to described obturator forms can appear scarcely.By the manufacture method that limits in the claims, accurately set described obturator for the necessary characteristic of each application target, and guarantee the identical of whole obturators.The additional advantage of described obturator is to have as far as possible little volume extruding and as far as possible little weight.Though container must be to fill up according to obturator of the present invention, but described obturator must have big hollow space part, make container for the capacity of fluid contents owing to reduce as small as possible with the filling of described obturator, wherein for example value usually 1% to 5%.For this reason, all described obturators have strict identical size, shape, density and identical weight.The advantage of described obturator is to have high as far as possible conducting power (heat conduction and conduction) and high-intensity stability.Therefore, guarantee in the container of filling that the volume loss is no more than 1% to 5% of volume, and the increase of the weight of the container after filling is compared and can be ignored with the advantage of described obturator with described obturator.Guarantee in addition, because the high stability of described obturator, under the load of liquid wave or gas ripple (liquid peak value and gas peak value), or under the weight load of stacked mutually described obturator, do not cause the breaking of part of described obturator.The additional advantage of described obturator is, although its little volume extruding of obturator has big as far as possible surface.Described obturator forms big as far as possible surface, yet has the structure that realizes the alap pressure loss on the other hand.The additional advantage of described obturator is optimised on flow technique, makes it have alap flow resistance for liquid or gas, as described obturator in the whole filling of container, in the container that has described obturator.The additional advantage of described obturator is, realized being positioned at the hollow space that runs through of described obturator, with the ducted body no problem be integrated in the described obturator.Therefore, material fire-retardant or fire extinguishing is stored in the suggestion according to the present invention in the empty hereinto body, or active or passive electronics transceiver.In addition, the suggestion according to the present invention, the ducted body in the described obturator is made by fire-resistant floating foam material, and is feasible so with the buoyancy aid of this ducted body as described obturator, and therefore makes described obturator floatability.By described obturator as in the disclosed feature shown in figure 01, figure 02 and the figure 03, can prevent from present known shown in the figure 05 be 12 the cylindrical or oval obturator of making by metal otter board and in the shortcoming that shown in the figure 06 is 13 the spherical filling body of making by metal otter board.The at present known obturator shown in the figure 04 being 11 trends towards being hooked in the pipeline crooked on how much when especially introducing.At pipeline 14 shown in the figure 07, insert the obturator of making by metal otter board 15 of present use in it, and in this pipeline, 16 place's obturators 15 stop up in zone 17 turning.Use has prevented this danger according to obturator of the present invention.Therefore, figure 08 illustrates pipeline 18, the obturator 19 that to advise according to the present invention along direction 21 is blown into wherein, and does not make the obturator 19 of being advised cause stopping up owing to hook mutually at pipeline 20 places that turn, and makes obturator 19 continue to move along direction 21 in the clear.The particularly advantageous application of the obturator of suggestion is explained from figure 09 especially according to the present invention.Wherein will be incorporated in the box container 24 according to obturator 23 of the present invention by inserting pipeline 22, described box container 24 is filled with fuel 25.Make this introducing become easy in this wise by favourable especially shape and feature according to obturator of the present invention, as in Figure 10, illustrating, for example can be filled into without difficulty in the existing case opening 26 of car by being blown into equipment 27 (only as seen it fill in mouth at this) according to obturator 28 of the present invention.Important component part according to obturator as suggested in the present invention is the hollow space 30 according to obturator as suggested in the present invention 29 shown in Figure 11.This hollow space such as shown in Figure 12 providing are integrated in hollow or solid body 31 according to the possibility in the obturator as suggested in the present invention 29.

Other object and advantage are obvious in the following description.

Be known as in that box container is inner and blast occurs, must have three fundamentals, be i.e. pressure, burning mixt put and the firing pulse formed by fuel vapour and oxygen.In the many containers that contain liquid with explosion danger, if particularly this container only partly is full of liquid, mainly there is the danger of fuel vapour/oxygen mixture and pressure, makes and just can blast by the firing pulse of chance or by the overheated of chamber wall.Therefore, the suggestion according to the present invention, for the existing container that contains the liquid with explosion danger, fuel tank for example is when building or afterwards with according to obturator complete filling of the present invention.If this type of is lighted with the container of filling according to obturator of the present invention, then do not cause the blast of the damp in the container free space, assembled, because normal controlled the burnouting and the cooling of flame that causes accumulating in damp in the container free space according to obturator of the present invention.

In the method for the novelty of another form of implementation of the present invention, what also have advantage especially is integrated fire-retardant active principle in described obturator.Integrated fire-retardant active principle makes so far relevant with the packing material that the stops blast problem that can not solve to be resolved simply and first.For example, tank truck with fuel has an accident and its case is torn and gasoline leaks if fill, though the metal otter board that then is installed in the case causes tank truck temporarily not explode, can not prevent that the fuel that for example leaks from being lighted and cause then catching fire at outside vehicle.In this case, the fire-retardant active principle in the present described obturator works and makes fray-out of flame.For this reason, be the ducted body of shell with fire extinguishing gel-preferably based on the fire extinguishing gel of polymer base-put into wax, described shell fuses at a certain temperature, and discharges the fire extinguishing gel based on the polymer base of inclusion-promptly.Other fire-retardant filler can be a sodium acid carbonate, Firebrake ZB or Boratex, calcium bromide, calcium chloride dihydrate, calcium chloride hexahydrate or oleate (salt of oleic acid or ester).

In the method for the novelty of another form of implementation of the present invention, what also have advantage especially is, will be according to obturator coating of the present invention with alkali metal dichromate, to remove the water in the fuel.Be in this problem, exist in the fuel water-for example at the diesel oil of sea area-be undesirable and for after the engine that connects be harmful to.At this, prior art is to remove water with splitter and filter.Yet the present invention is simpler.At this, be alkali metal dichromate effectively especially, because its bichromate that contains plays water from fuel and the effect of removing from fuel container according to the coating of obturator of the present invention.

In the method for the novelty of another form of implementation of the present invention, what also have advantage especially is, described obturator can be floated, and some specific chambers are provided in described obturator for this purpose, and the product with special characteristic can be incorporated in the described chamber after the manufacturing of described obturator is finished.Therefore, consider to introduce the floating body of making by combustible material not (buoyancy aid) especially at this.In this other form of implementation of the present invention; the buoyancy aid that to be made by combustible material not provides following possibility as floating body is integrated; promptly; make described obturator not only be used for the complete filling of fuel container; and be used for especially storage box-for example on oil plant and airport-and also come in the following way the container explosive-proof protector, the explosive liquid that is about to be stored is all to cover according to showy obturator single or multiple lift of the present invention.With this, between liquid and the gas/air blending space above it, form reliable flame and igniting barrier.Therefore also can be by with a large amount of balls or spherical tight ground launches on burning surface and fire is suffocated fire is extinguished.At this, the ball constructed in accordance or the extinguishing ability of spherical promptly do not penetrate described obturator at the lip-deep flame of incendiary material based on following phenomenon.For common fire, the heat of incendiary material causes material to evaporate from the teeth outwards and mixes with oxygen in the atmosphere in described surface, to produce flammable mixture.If be arranged in according to obturator of the present invention between the surface and atmosphere of incendiary material, then the capacity of heat transmission of described obturator reduces the heat of fire, therefore reduces the amount of the steam that is produced.In addition, described obturator prevents that the lip-deep flame of incendiary material from making the flammable mixture that comprises steam and atmosphere arrive the fire top, and therefore plays the effect of igniting barrier.Equally, particularly advantageously in the scope of other application of the present invention be, as described in fire-retardant filler (as oleate or similar compounds chemically) is integrated in the obturator, because oleate produces dense steam under case of fire, and described steam covers incendiary material and therefore supports that flame suffocates fast.

In the method for the novelty of another form of implementation of the present invention, what also have advantage especially is, described obturator is packed in air-conditioning equipment vertical shaft, roof vertical shaft and pipeline and the pipeline.At this, described obturator plays the effect of danger of the gas/air mixture that prevents to have explosion danger " scurrying fire " by the permanent igniting that can pass through as air and flame barrier.For this purpose, with the only part of vertical shaft and passage, or with whole vertical shaft and whole passage to fill according to obturator of the present invention.

In the method for the novelty of another form of implementation of the present invention, what also have advantage especially is, is to be integrated with under heat obviously in vertical shaft, roof vertical shaft and the pipeline and the pipeline of the described obturator-air-conditioning equipment of packing into of expanding material with the special shape of described obturator-at this.Therefore; obturator not only plays the effect of danger of the gas/air mixture that prevents to have explosion danger " scurrying fire " by the permanent igniting barrier that can pass through as air, and by being integrated in material in the described obturator because combustion heat effect and obviously expand and whole space empty gas to be protected sealed hermetically the diffusion that prevents the height poison gas that in combustion case, occurs.For this purpose, with the only part of vertical shaft and passage, or with whole vertical shaft and whole passage to fill according to obturator of the present invention.

In the method for the novelty of another form of implementation of the present invention, what also have advantage especially is, uses vertical shaft at the air-conditioning equipment that for example is arranged in hospital as bacterial barriers described obturator.For this purpose, described obturator is coated with the antibiotic and antimycotic layer of being made by for example noble metal.The obturator of this type of coating is eliminated when touching and is flow through bacterium and the virus that contains in the air, and therefore can effectively prevent the air-conditioning equipment diffusion of what is called " hospital germ " by hospital architecture.By the special structure of described obturator, obturator can be at every turn in situation about polluting, be sucked out, clean and the air-conditioning equipment of packing into once more with the state that has cleaned in.

In the method for the novelty of another form of implementation of the present invention, integrated active or passive transceiver provide other special advantage in according to obturator of the present invention: be identification goods or animal especially, and contactless ticket sale system, supplemented with money the ticket that for example is used for the vehicles has used RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology.With this known RFID technology, can be fast and the mode of the no physics contact by electronics simply exchange the information that characterizes object.Basically, rfid system is made up of fetch equipment-so-called " reader " and answering equipment-so-called " responder ".Therefore, known at inventive aspect, such transceiver can comprise electronic memory and send/receive antenna, and can be integrated in paper ticket (" intelligent label ") or the stationary housing (" TAG ").The core members of transceiver is an electronic memory, and described electronic memory is as actual information carrier.Only for can storing data on the chip of grains of sand size, with these data for example each independent part can discern a goods, and be not only as each the goods group in known bar code (bar code).Information from then on chip read and writing by means of sending on this chip carried out, by the reflected radio signal, realize by induction in magnetic field or the image charge in the electric field.Basically there are two kinds of transceiver type: active transceiver and passive transceiver, initiatively transceiver carries energy by means of battery, and this generates electromagnetic waves certainly, and passive transceiver is writing and is reading in the process by the reader energize.From known in the state of the art, existing transceiver for example is integrated in glass column, plastic sheet and the cheque card.They for example be installed in cask, vial, Beverage pail, cooling and rolling container (Rollcontainer) and the bottle that can fill once more in or on, be installed in equally by (for example, the label of dog and cat) in the live subject.For the RFID technology, crucial popularization is in auto industry, and auto industry is used for the control of product and monitoring with this technology especially.Yet,, be used for the becoming more and more important of anti-theft protection of single wheel and many row's wheeled vehicles as the new possibility of the favourable use of RFID technology.At this, transceiver is connected with a limiting-members (for example vehicle frame) of single wheel vehicle and a limiting-members (for example bumper) of many row's wheeled vehicles inseparably.In the addressable central database of police and maintenance shop with stolen vehicle storage.As long as transceiver is near the fetch equipment in police and maintenance shop then automatically in response to described fetch equipment.Yet, constantly obtain the knowledge of relevant this system this disadvantageously professional burglar, and change a limiting-members (for example bumper) of the vehicle of stealing, as long as they navigate to and/or only estimate that there is transceiver in this parts place.Therefore, for layman's consumer, the RF transceiver that installs additional as described is difficult, because for example the transceiver of being pasted by them (for example in vehicle car) is found by criminal especially easily.Now, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the particularly advantageous layout of this type of RF transceiver of suggestion.Therefore, for solving this technical problem, the present invention is advantageously suggestion also, and active or passive transceiver is integrated in described obturator.As describing in detail, application target according to the described obturator of claim 1 to 32 according to the present invention is basically, will for example contain the existing container of the liquid substance with explosion danger-for example with fuel tank-fill up described obturator by existing filling opening afterwards.At this, special advantage is, transceiver can be placed in single wheel like this or arrange in the wheeled vehicle volume inside more, and single wheel or the burglar who arranges wheeled vehicle only just can obtain this transceiver by destroying by plastics or metal fuel tank more.Yet experience shows that indifferent to the carrying out of this type of criminal reequiped so on a large scale on the vehicle of stealing.Described obturator can be incorporated in the fuel tank at any time by the suitable equipment that is blown into afterwards.If wish container is carried out explosive-proof protector, then entire container is filled with according to obturator of the present invention.Some that only need make described obturator at this are equipped with transceiver, to realize also being advantageously used in identification except that explosive-proof protector.Yet, if this explosive-proof protector do not wish, also can and meaningfully only with some or a plurality of be incorporated in the case of a plurality of described obturators-also be used to settle transceiver.It may be enough making some of described obturator have some transceivers, however since safety reasons also advise according to the present invention, according to application target and container dimensional, introduce a plurality of this type of according to " transceiver obturator " of the present invention.What have advantage especially is to store a plurality of data on this transceiver, and described data not only are used for anti-theft protection, and for example are used for environmental protection, or also comprises about the maintenance work be responsible for and the data of the security parameter of filling containers.Therefore, what can have advantage is, filling for example wing tank of aircraft according to obturator of the present invention, and can store the significant data relevant with the security of aircraft by transceiver ball or obturator according to mixing of the present invention.By the transceiver ball of the constructed in accordance and introducing in fuel tank, the police can be by hand-held fetch equipment at the definite vehicle of having things stolen in place, inspection post.For example on Frontier Defence Inspection Station or certain highway section,, also realized full automatic detection by so-called " sweep gate " is installed in the both sides, track.Relate to sightless radio cabinet at this, when crossing this cabinet, check the transceiver signal, and if circular for stolen vehicle then send warning.Also can go up fetch equipment, the other vehicle that this device scan crosses are installed at police car (highway police).

In the method for the novelty of another form of implementation of the present invention, what also have advantage especially is, fully to fill the fuel tank of vehicle (aircraft, boats and ships and surface car) according to obturator of the present invention, and the storage box in chemistry and the petrochemical industry, and the storage box that has fuel, therefore to reduce the problem of a key first in brand-new mode, promptly the part of hydrocarbon (so-called " greenhouse gases ") is discharged in the environment.When engine internal fuel imperfect combustion or burning disappearance, hydrocarbon discharges by exhaust apparatus.In addition, pass through quite in a large number in the evaporation arrival atmosphere of gasoline.Hydrocarbon is for example from parts (fuel channel, vaporizer, filter, the canister etc.) evaporation of the fuel tank of vehicle and other conduction fuel, and evaporation during perfusion and in the gas station is filled into automotive oil tank time the in the fuel tank of gas station.Hydrocarbon (HC) discharge vaporization is for example by forming with the interior pressure gap of fuel bowl in the air chamber of fuel container.Described hydrocarbon discharge vaporization diurnal variation by temperature in stationary vehicle case that acts as a fuel is breathed discharging and is taken place, when the after heat of driving over a long distance is stopped and generation when short distance is driven cold parkings in back.Even for example plastic fuel tank is gone up complete closed (fuel tank cap is tightened) from visual, but the fuel tank blow-by in fact can pass through for hydrocarbon in the molecule aspect because be generally used for the plastic H DPE of fuel tank, and this harmful substance is diffused in the environment.The HDPE that is rich in fuel also is the problem in reclaiming, and regards extraordinary rubbish as and can not handle by grinding simply because tank wall " is filled " container of hydrocarbon and this type of pollution.In (U.S.) some states, particularly cause strict rules to change for the understanding of this fact in the California.In the California, the permission of vehicle and therefore the sale of vehicle depend on the discharging of this hydrocarbon.This not only relates to fuel tank and access way thereof, and relates to whole vehicle.This requirement becomes Compulsory Feature in Europe day by day, makes that material selects to play the effect that increases day by day in the exploitation and manufacturing of fuel tank.This type of problem that arrives the material in the atmosphere by evaporation and volatilization is not only at the fuel tank of car, and at all types of movable and not movable chemical liquids and the storage box of fuel.VOC (being abbreviated as: VOC, i.e. volatile organic compound) is easy evaporation (i.e. volatilization) or has been that the organic matter of gas is the general name of carbonaceous material under low temperature (for example room temperature).In the abbreviation NMVOC that is in daily use equally (non methane volatile organiccompound), gases methane is got rid of from the VOC group.Word " volatilization " means that the material of the group that belongs to VOC is because its high-vapor-pressure or low boiling and rapid evaporation (volatilization).VOC is divided by its boiling point or the volatility that causes thus according to WHO.Certainly, in fact be there is not uniform definition in what for VOC.In fact some definition comprise explanation for vapour pressure, and other definition are generally new definition, by its photochemical reaction definition for example as the leading material that is used to form ozone.In addition, in some definition, got rid of certain organic matter clearly.For solving described problem, the present invention advantageously proposes, with the fuel tank in the vehicles (surface car, boats and ships, aircraft) and storage box to fill up according to obturator of the present invention, or the surface of liquid to be stored filled by the obturator multilayer ground according to claim 44 described " floating ", (for example therefore to reduce the interior liquid of storing of vehicle (surface car, boats and ships, aircraft) and storage box, gasoline) to vaporization, evaporation and the volatilization of environment, and therefore also reduce hydrocarbon from then on oil tank of vehicle and storage box to the discharging of environment.Particularly advantageous effect according to obturator of the present invention is, this obturator obviously slows down and reduces vaporization, evaporation and volatilization, because the heat-flash by described obturator causes lower evaporation, and cause in addition condensing once more on the described obturator of gas in container.

In the method for the novelty of another form of implementation of the present invention, what also have advantage especially is, with the fuel tank that has liquids and gases fuel, pipeline and the pressure vessel of vehicle (aircraft, boats and ships, spacecraft and land vehicle) with described obturator complete filling, therefore to improve the chamber wall of having filled stability with respect to external action.The power effect for case or storage container from the outside in accident conditions has tangible danger because this can cause case or storage container penetrate the damage or break.Other problem is the danger that implodes when the box container emptying, for example in not having the oil tank car of forced ventilation system.At this, the inclusion by the emptying box container produces internal negative pressure, and by owing to load the unexpected avalanche that outside overvoltage that atmosphere exists causes box container.This is equally applicable to design vacuum-resistant and pipeline and pressure vessel that its safety valve lost efficacy.Therefore, the suggestion according to the present invention fills entire container according to obturator of the present invention.By this complete filling, in the transmission loss of case crust or situation about imploding, described obturator is with the power of " counter-pressure " opposing from case lateral case central role.

In the method for the novelty of another form of implementation of the present invention; what also have advantage especially is; be the blast protection protection in the maintenance work with described obturator and prevent that the detonation protection is packed into and have in the case of fuel and chemical liquid and gas, and with case complete filling to be protected with according to obturator of the present invention.Fill or emptying but as yet not the cleaning box container on maintenance work be obviously to have risk, because in maintenance work, can cause spark (for example to splash, welding job), and relatively can further cause being positioned at the blast or the outburst of the gas/air mixture with explosion danger of case.Present prior art is this type of case at first to be emptied completely and must to remove then the residue on the chamber interior wall before the beginning maintenance work.Therefore, the suggestion according to the present invention, with whole case to fill according to obturator of the present invention.By the high capacity of heat transmission of described obturator, enlarge principle with the counteracting of splashing of each spark based on the surface, and do not cause lighting of damp/air mixture.Therefore, even also realized non-hazardous maintenance work when in fuel tank, having damp/air mixture.

In the method for the novelty of another form of implementation of the present invention, what also have advantage especially is, described obturator is packed in the hydrogen case slowing down the volatilization of hydrogen, and with case complete filling to be protected with according to obturator of the present invention.The hydrogen storage has tangible problem.Although the hydrogen case is isolated extensive and multiplely, in the time of negative 253 ℃, hydrogen has begun to heat up and volatilization subsequently (so-called " carburation by evaporation effect ") after the short time.At present, loss was until approximately per 24 hours 4% to 6%.This known problem proposes major obstacle for hydrogen as worldwide vehicle fuel.Therefore, the suggestion according to the present invention fills whole hydrogen case with according to obturator of the present invention.Described obturator obviously slows down and has reduced the vaporization of hydrogen, because the strong heat conduction by described obturator, causing the low evaporation of hydrogen and this is to cause condensing again on the described obturator of hydrogen in closed container.

In the method for the novelty of another form of implementation of the present invention, what also have advantage especially is to be used for chemical industry as obturator according to obturator of the present invention.Be known that obturator promotes the distribution of its medium (water, steam, gas etc.) of encirclement.This obturator is used to change the medium that surrounds it (washing, biological change, condense etc.) in big pond or tower.This type of obturator for example in rectifying in the middle use of condensing of vacuum and normal pressure, absorption, elution, extraction, surplus vapour, and in regeneration, use.According to application target, this type of obturator is with loose charging level or vertically use in pipeline or post.This type of installation is called as " filler ".At this, useful is to have high surface area under low flow resistance, particularly obturator is used in cooling tower or static mixer.If gas stream and/or liquid stream must be as far as possible evenly and do not had pressure loss ground simultaneously and compile, then always be to use static mixer.For guaranteeing steady temperature, often use this static mixer when for example mixing at the certain density caustic soda mixture of manufacturing and with gas.The splitter of filling with the obturator of unconsolidated formation is called the filling scapus in chemical industry.At this, obturator is positioned on the switching backplane of perforation of loose charging, and vapor stream is crossed described switching backplane.In the situation of mutual cross-current or direct current, gas medium flows through this post usually from bottom to top, and liquid flows through from the top down with opposite stream especially.Can be advantageously and substitute present employed obturator according to the present invention according to obturator of the present invention, and compare with present employed obturator tangible advantage is provided.Therefore, guarantee to avoid reliably the vertical danger of inserting mutually of obturator, promptly so-called " setting "-this can cause the formation of bridge, for example cause forming the blind area.In addition, can make by refractory metal, and therefore tolerate higher temperature than the obturator of making by polypropylene, PVDF and heat-stabilised poly propylene that uses at present according to obturator of the present invention.Therefore, advantageously be applicable to different ruuning situation, and can be suitable for its each task situation according to obturator of the present invention.What have advantage especially when using according to obturator of the present invention is its high surface area and the low simultaneously flow losses and the pressure loss.In addition, because obturator is insensitive for pollutant and crust, be suitable for carrying the use of the liquid of solid highlightedly.

In the method for the novelty of another form of implementation of the present invention, what also have advantage especially is, according to specific application target, for described obturator provides feature with antibiotic (opposing virus and bacterium) and antimycotic (resisting fungi).This can realize by the feature that makes the metal of making described obturator have hope on the one hand, or by provide corresponding effectively coating (for example, by with the face coat of noble metal to described obturator) to realize for described obturator.Therefore can realize,, can not use chemical additive matter and realize solution with simple cost for the big problem (particularly in the sea area) of inherent storage box of world wide and field of fuel tanks.At this, relate to side effect-this side effect that is reduced in the sterilization process in the fuel because introducing pathogen or condensate water cause-be called " Dieselpest ".Known in this regard, for example this quasi-microorganism can take place when each fuel tank is filled for the infringement of grease-box and diesel fuel tanks, also takes place by fuel tank emptying and any other pollution.As the result of microorganism encroach, the degradation of diesel oil and lubricating oil.In addition, the metabolite of biology destroys the material of filter element, pipeline and particularly oil tank wall.For example, be known that biological metabolite-hydrogen sulfide-mainly microorganism mucus blocking pipe, jet pump and filter element are corroded and further pass through to form in support.Prior art be attempt by filter and separator (mainly be comprise filter layer and have after the phase separator/coalescent filter combination of elements element of the diffusion barrier that connects) for example to protect diesel fuel-water before water concentration raises be the basis of microorganism encroach and propagation at this.Yet, if case is by microbial contamination, by using specific biocide kill microorganisms.The structure of described prior art and maintenance cost are high, and also definitely do not guarantee safety.

In the method for the novelty of another form of implementation of the present invention, what also have advantage especially is, described obturator is packed in the fuel tank of vehicle (aircraft, boats and ships, spacecraft and land vehicle) reducing " fluctuation effect " of liquid and liquid gas, and with described this fuel tank of obturator complete filling.In the braking or acceleration of liquid, liquid works as " inertia mass ", and for example liquid rocks forward when quickening backward and when braking.For turning driving also is that so wherein under action of centrifugal force, liquid is side shifting outside bend.Liquid and liquid gas this unexpected weight of (for example for boats and ships, also when billow) when transportation moves has extra high accident hazard on world wide.Therefore, because the unstability that causes by fluctuation effect, the overturning on road of always dangerous freight transportation car, and the boats and ships that have liquid gas load are especially overturned when billow, because liquid gas is " aggravation " seriously, make boats and ships " center on self axis rotation ".According to prior art, reduce the negative effect of fluctuation effect at present by installation so-called " fluctuation baffle plate ".At this, the fluctuation baffle plate is mounted in the partition wall of the common perforate in the liquid container, and plays the effect of what is called " chopper ".This fluctuation baffle plate is an opening, and does not reach the covering of liquid container on the height.The fluctuation baffle plate also is installed in the machine oil storage container of (also being used to reduce the noise of the fuel that back and forth rocks at this) and engine in the fuel tank of vehicle in addition.In the situation of machine oil storage container, therefore prevent that machine oil from transferring to a side and the machine oil suction nozzle with battery unit is drawn into air then, and engine lubrication is interrupted in this case.Yet the efficient of this technology is not satisfied, and as describing in detail, the dangerous goods transport vehicle is always in the overturning of highway turning.In addition, fluctuation baffle plate weight is obviously big, and this causes the rising of the fuel consumption of vehicle.Therefore, the suggestion according to the present invention now, with each box container with according to obturator complete filling of the present invention.Because each obturator of describing separately works as " microwave moves baffle plate " that have a plurality of " choppers " and so liquid load is split into a plurality of very little and minimum wave motions, so avoid occurring very big " ripple " of intractable, and reliably with liquid stabilising.

In the method for the novelty of another form of implementation of the present invention, what also have advantage especially is that described obturator is packed into to be had in the case of fuel and chemical liquid and gas, to derive static.Static for example has very big danger in aircraft.Therefore, by the spark that forms splash (forming) by charge cancellation can cause being positioned at the lighting of gas-air mixture of case, and therefore cause exploding.Therefore, the suggestion according to the present invention fills whole case with according to obturator of the present invention.By the high conducting power of described obturator, each static is derived from the case inclusion immediately and for good and all, make it possible to cause when charge cancellation, no longer exist spark to splash.

In the method for the novelty of another form of implementation of the present invention; what also have advantage especially is; described obturator is packed in the case that has fuel and chemical liquid and gas being used for anti-electromagnetic interference (EMD-electromagnetic disturbance) protection, and with case to be protected with described obturator complete filling.Electromagnetic interference for example has very big danger in aircraft, because therefore can cause the interference for the electronic device of aircraft, this further can cause until air crash owing to the actual effect of whole instruments.Therefore, suggestion is filled whole case with described obturator according to the present invention.Because according to the high conduction ability of obturator of the present invention, complete filling with the case that has fuel and chemical liquid and gas of described obturator by electromagnetic shielding and anti-emi protection.

In the method for the novelty of another form of implementation of the present invention; what also have advantage especially is; described obturator pack into have the LFG body case to be used for anti-B.L.E.V.E (english abbreviation: Boiling Liguid Expanding Vapour Exposion; boiling liquid expansion steam blast) protection, and with case to be protected with according to obturator complete filling of the present invention.B.L.E.V.E is the gas burst of the boiling liquid of expansion.B.L.E.V.E can take place in the pressure gas container that contains flammable liquid gas especially.B.L.E.V.E for example has very big danger in tank truck, because this can cause taking place strong blast after originally harmless relatively tank truck accident.In B.L.E.V.E, gas at first goes out by slot leakage and quietly burning, or gas cabinet is exposed to exterior source of energy (for example burning of the fuel of the tractor of gas traction fluid tank car after accident).Because this energy source, gas cabinet is always had gas evaporation by in heat intensive and its.Now, in gas pressure vessel, set up continuous elevated pressure, the chamber wall that has weakened is split until fire.Therefore, a large amount of gas leaks and lighting immediately make the strong blast that causes having the fireball form, and the liquid with burning splashes down thus.Therefore, advise whole case is filled according to the present invention according to obturator of the present invention.Particularly advantageous effect according to obturator of the present invention is, make this described obturator obviously slow down and reduce vaporizing liquid, because because the strong heat of described obturator causes lower evaporation, and cause condensing once more on the described obturator of gas in closed container in addition.By described obturator is installed, the pressure that reduces under accident conditions and slow down in the gas cabinet is set up, and makes fire-fighting or rescue strength to have and comes knock down the flame before B.L.E.V.E takes place or rescue or evacuation personnel for more time.

In the method for the novelty of another form of implementation of the present invention, what also have advantage especially is, described obturator is packed in the gas container, particularly in the gas cylinder.With this type of gas container, for example gas cylinder is filled, and makes gas significantly is being incorporated in the gas container under the compression.Be known that this compression except that trying hard to make the intensive undesirable temperature rising that also causes of blanketing gas.It is disadvantageous that this temperature raises, because it causes under predetermined pressure and volume, blanketing gas still less can be introduced in gas container to be filled.At this, the suggestion according to the present invention now, with gas container with according to the described obturator complete filling of claim 6 to 32.By the high conduction ability of described obturator, in inserting process, effectively blanketing gas is absorbed heat.This cooling by blanketing gas can realize under predetermined pressure and volume than present higher filling extent.

In the method for the novelty of another form of implementation of the present invention, what also have advantage especially is, obturator is used to avoid liquids and gases pressure peak when the box container that has liquids and gases is filled, make with according to the described obturator of claim 6 to 32 with whole box container complete filling.Particularly when coming the blanketing gas container, because the appearance of pressure peak causes the strong excessively load of the inwall of container to be filled with blanketing gas.This type of pressure peak is by producing blanketing gas with the situation that the form of directional beam under high pressure is incorporated in the gas container to be filled.At this, the suggestion according to the present invention now, with described obturator with gas container or box container complete filling, because the geometry of obturator and stability have following effect, promptly, it is split into a plurality of son bundles when gas beam or liquid beam are in being filled into container, causes the obvious decline of the pressure peak in the box container with this, and therefore causes avoiding the pressure peak on the container inner wall.

In the method for the novelty of another form of implementation of the present invention, what also have advantage especially is, described obturator is used to heat or cooler bin container or pipeline in liquids and gases.Material transports with gaseous state or liquid state in box container or pipeline usually.The state of aggregation that betransported material like this depends on temperature.Therefore, for example when temperature descended, the goods and materials that betransported carried out the transition to intensive state of aggregation.Be known that this causes forming droplet on coagulation sedimentation and the container inner wall in gaseous material, wherein opposite, liquid tends to so-called " blocking (versulzen) " (for example, " obstruction " of diesel fuel).This type of phenomenon is undesirable and disadvantageous.At this, the suggestion according to the present invention now, utilize outstanding conducting power by whole box container or pipeline is permanent to fill and to provide according to a described obturator of claim 6 to 32, heating or cooling pulse on one or more obturators, with material to be transported " internally " heating or cooling according to a described obturator of claim 6 to 32 from an obturator to next obturator transmission.This heating and cooling pulse can be by being positioned at outer heating element heater of box container or pipeline or cooling element by directly contacting (at this, cooling and add thermo-contact by penetrate chamber wall or tube wall, have rod or annular conductor produces) or mediate contact (not penetrating chamber wall or tube wall) preferably by responding to or microwave field produce.

In the method for the novelty of another form of implementation of the present invention, what also have advantage especially is, described obturator is used to reduce evaporation loss, and described evaporation loss produces by the evaporation of liquid and the volatilization of storage in the movable box container of vehicle (land vehicle, boats and ships, spacecraft and aircraft) or not movable box container (storage box).This type of evaporation loss is important factor with oil tanker transport liquid fuel the time for example.Water transport by common several weeks and because the temperature of outboard side effect causes the obvious evaporation of the liquid (for example, gasoline) stored.Be known that in one case, even boil-off gas must be burnt danger aboard ship to avoid exploding.Evaporation loss causes the minimizing and the loss of lade, makes the lade that arrives the recipient when transportation finishes lack when beginning than transportation.The suggestion according to the present invention, with box container with according to obturator complete filling of the present invention.Described obturator obviously delays and reduces the evaporation and the volatilization of the material that betransported, and therefore reduces the financial losses for transporter.

Description of drawings

In Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 and Figure 11 and Figure 12, the present invention does not for example limit this form of implementation with the form of implementation diagram, and further explains the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Be shown specifically in the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 illustrates the side view according to spherical filling body of the present invention;

Fig. 2 illustrates the view from the top according to spherical filling body of the present invention;

Fig. 3 illustrates the view from the below according to spherical filling body of the present invention;

Fig. 4 illustrates the view according to the stretching metal tape of prior art;

Fig. 5 illustrates the view according to the cylindrical and oval obturator of being made by metal otter board of prior art;

Fig. 6 illustrates the view according to the spherical filling body of being made by metal otter board of prior art;

Fig. 7 illustrates the diagram partial view of conduit together with a plurality of spherical filling bodies of being made by metal otter board according to prior art that are positioned at it;

Fig. 8 illustrates conduit together with a plurality of diagram partial views according to spherical filling body of the present invention that are positioned at it;

Fig. 9 illustrates fuel tank together with a plurality of diagram partial views according to spherical filling body of the present invention that are positioned at it;

Figure 10 illustrates and is used to fill the equipment of car fuel tank together with a plurality of diagram partial views according to spherical filling body of the present invention that are positioned at it;

Figure 11 illustrates the side view according to spherical filling body of the present invention, and the zone that wherein marks is used to introduce elongated tubular hollow body; With

Figure 12 illustrates the diagrammatic side view of elongated tubular hollow body.

The specific embodiment

Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 illustrate according to spherical filling body of the present invention, described obturator by the circular

vertical planes

1,2 of a plurality of plate-likes and 3 and the circular

horizontal plane

7,8 and 10 of plate-like that extends that is parallel to each other form.Circular open 6 is positioned at the center of horizontal plane 10, described circular open 6 with the top to the circular sleeve shape body 4 of inner opening and below to the circular sleeve shape body 5 of inner opening be formed on the center from top sleeve shape body 4 downwards sleeve shape body 5 axially run through pipe, shell-like and identical with 5 and the internal diameter of circular open 6 wherein to the round 4 of inner opening.Vertical plane 1 extends to the edge of each circular open 4,5 and 6 and

horizontal plane

7,10 that extends abreast around described opening respectively and 8 edge from the outside genesis of spherical.Vertical plane 2 extends to the circular open 5 of the outward flange of the spherical on

horizontal plane

8 and 10 and horizontal plane and half of the distance between 6 the edge from the outside genesis of spherical.Vertical plane 3 up 4 and below 5 form

horizontal planes

7 and 8 and

sleeve shape body

4 and 5 between connection.Opening 9 is positioned at horizontal plane 8 and 7.Opening 9 is arranged so that and is being furnished with opening 9 respectively between each

vertical plane

1 and 2 on the horizontal plane 8, and is being furnished with opening 9 respectively between each vertical plane 3 on the horizontal plane 7.

Fig. 4 illustrates the diagram according to the metal otter board 11 of prior art.

Fig. 5 illustrates the view according to the cylindrical obturator of being made by metal otter board 12 of prior art;

Fig. 6 illustrates the view according to the spherical filling body of being made by metal otter board 13 of prior art;

Fig. 7 illustrates the pipeline 14 of coiling, wherein introduces the spherical filling body of being made by metal otter board 15 (for example can be body 12 and 13) according to prior art, and in the repeatedly punching press and block 17 at pipe bend 16 places of these these spherical filling bodies 15.

Fig. 8 illustrates the pipeline 18 of coiling, wherein introduce according to spherical filling body 19 of the present invention on direction 21, and pass through pipe bend 20 without difficulty at this obturator 19, and obturator 19 passes through pipeline 18 with other order on direction 21.

Fig. 9 illustrates the private side view of fuel tank 24, and described fuel tank 24 is filled half with fuel 25, wherein by filling in mouth 22 spherical filling body 23 according to the present invention is introduced.

Figure 10 is filling in mouth 26 at the fuel of car shown in the principal diagram, wherein by air blowing equipment 27 spherical filling body 28 according to the present invention is introduced.

Figure 11 illustrates the side view according to spherical filling body 29 of the present invention, wherein has with the tubular axle shown in the shade to the opening 30 that runs through.

Figure 12 illustrates the elongated tubular hollow body 31 that is positioned at according to obturator 29 of the present invention.

Claims

1. the obturator of a spherical hollow, be preferably the obturator that is used for filling containers, that described obturator comprises is concentric, the plate-like vertical plane (3) of positioned opposite at a certain angle, it is characterized in that: be provided with three or more plate-like plane (3), and vertically arrange two or more plate-like horizontal planes (7,8,10) that are parallel to each other and extend with it.

2. obturator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: there is a circular open (6) at described horizontal plane (10) center, described circular open (6) forms from top (4) downwards tubular openings of the axial perforation of (5) (30) to the sleeve shape body (4) of inner opening and below to the sleeve shape body (5) of inner opening with the top, and wherein the internal diameter to the circular sleeve shape body (4,5) of inner opening is identical with the internal diameter of circular open (6).

3. obturator according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described vertical plane (1) extends to each edge of the circular open (4,5,6) of the described horizontal plane that extends in parallel (7,8,10) that surrounds described circular open (4,5,6) respectively from its outside genesis.

4. obturator according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described vertical plane (2) extends to half of distance between the edge of described circular open (5,6) of the outward flange of described vertical plane (2) and the described horizontal plane that extends in parallel (8,10) from its outside genesis.

5. obturator according to claim 4 is characterized in that: vertical plane (3) difference (4) and below (5) up forms horizontal plane (7,8) and the connection of the right angle between the sleeve shape body (4,5) that is arranged in parallel.

6. according to the described obturator of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: described circular open (9) is positioned at horizontal plane (7,8), described circular open (9) is arranged so that at horizontal plane (8) upward have opening (9) between each vertical plane (1,2), and upward has opening (9) at horizontal plane (7) between each vertical plane (3).

7. according to the described obturator of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: whole obturator surface forms smooth or porous.

8. according to the described obturator of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that: whole obturator coating is with alkali metal dichromate.

9. according to the described obturator of claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that: the diameter of the strict described opening of coupling (30) and the ducted body (31) of length from last (4) to (5) are down vertically introduced and for example by diverging or being adhesively fixed in obturator, and described ducted body (31) has fire-retardant filler, for example sodium acid carbonate, Firebrake ZB or Boratex, calcium bromide, calcium chloride dihydrate, calcium chloride hexahydrate or oleate (salt of oleic acid or ester).

10. obturator according to claim 9 is characterized in that: the fire extinguishing gel that the filler of described ducted body (31) is preferably fire-retardant, described fire extinguishing gel contains the polymer that is combined with water as alkaline matter.

11. according to the described obturator of claim 9 to 10, it is characterized in that: the shell of described ducted body (31) is made by thin wax layer, and described shell fuses when catching fire and discharges inclusion.

12. obturator according to claim 11 is characterized in that: the thermal expansion value of the wax layer of described ducted body (31) and each scope of application of obturator are complementary.

13. according to the described obturator of claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that: the diameter of the strict described opening of coupling (30) and the ducted body (31) of length from last (4) to (5) are down vertically introduced and for example by fork or be adhesively fixed in obturator, and active or passive RFID transmitter chip are arranged in described ducted body (31).

14. according to the described obturator of claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that: it is characterized in that: the diameter of the strict described opening of coupling (30) and the ducted body (31) of length from last (4) to (5) are down vertically introduced and for example by diverging or being adhesively fixed in obturator, and this ducted body (31) comprises floatability and the non-flammable foamed material flotation gear as obturator, and as long as application target needs, described ducted body (31) is divided into the several chambers of filling simultaneously with different materials, and described material for example part is floatable foamed material for put out a fire gel and part.

15. according to the described obturator of claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that: it is characterized in that: the diameter of the strict described opening of coupling (30) and the ducted body (31) of length from last (4) to (5) are down vertically introduced and for example by fork or be adhesively fixed in obturator, and this ducted body (31) is made by the material of strong expansion when the heating.

16. according to claim 1 to 7 and 9 to 15 described obturators, it is characterized in that: whole obturator coating is with noble metal.

17. according to claim 1 to 7 and 9 to 15 described obturators, it is characterized in that: whole obturator has antibiotic and/or antimycotic function external coating, wherein this coating is preferably made by the SOL-GEL method.

18. method that is used to fill the box container that has liquid and fuel gas, it is characterized in that: will be incorporated in the fuel tank (24) or container that has liquid and gaseous material by the existing opening (26) of inserting according to the described obturator of claim 1 to 17 by means of the suitable equipment that is blown into (27), or for safeguarding that passing through suitable pumping equipment extracts described obturator out in described fuel tank or container.

19. one kind is used to protect the not method of blasting property combustion process of flammable liquid or gas container, it is characterized in that: with according to the described obturator of claim 1 to 17 with container complete filling to be protected.

20. method for extinguishing fire that is used for the flammable liquid container; it is characterized in that: with according to the described obturator complete filling of claim 9 to 12 flammable liquid container to be protected, and the wax layer fusion of ducted body (31) and the fire retardant matter that will be arranged in described ducted body (31) are discharged into burning situation under case of fire.

21. one kind is used for flammable liquid container method of inhibiting corrosion, it is characterized in that: with obturator complete filling according to claim 12 container to be protected, and bichromate causes water is removed from fuel and container thereof.

22. one kind is used to protect the not method of blasting property combustion process of flammable liquid container; it is characterized in that: obturator single or multiple lift according to claim 14 ground floatingly seamlessly is applied on the surface of the flammable or explosive liquid in the box container, and this single or multiple lift barrier on the liquid surface is as the barrier of lighting between the liquids and gases/air space in the box container.

23. a method for extinguishing fire that is used for the flammable liquid container is characterized in that: in case of fire, obturator single or multiple lift according to claim 14 ground floatingly seamlessly is arranged on the liquid surface of burning.

24. a method that is used for realizing ventilative flame and igniting barrier in StoreFront, air-conditioning equipment and pipeline that roof vertical shaft, hollow space, rear ventilate is characterized in that: with according to a described obturator of claim 1 to 13 in segment section or fully fill StoreFront, air-conditioning equipment and the pipeline that roof vertical shaft to be protected, hollow space, rear ventilate.

25. one kind is used for realizing the ventilative igniting and the method for flame barrier in StoreFront, air-conditioning equipment and pipeline that roof vertical shaft, hollow space, rear ventilate, it is characterized in that: with obturator according to claim 15 in segment section or fully fill StoreFront, air-conditioning equipment and the pipeline that roof vertical shaft to be protected, hollow space, rear ventilate.

26. a method that is used in air-conditioning equipment realizing bacterial barriers is characterized in that: will pack in this wise in the vertical shaft of air-conditioning equipment to be protected according to the described obturator of claim 15 to 17, and make that the air-conditioning vertical shaft will completely or partially be filled.

27. one kind be used for initiatively or passive RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) transceiver integrated fill or unfilled box container in method, it is characterized in that: will be incorporated in the box container according to the described one or more obturators of claim 13 to 14, and can with the data that are integrated in the transceiver in this obturator by move hard-wired fetch equipment is not subjected to have filled or unfilled container interfere with or compromise ground from the outside reception and read.

28. the method for hydrocarbon (so-called " the greenhouse gases ") discharging that vaporization, evaporation or a volatilization that is used to reduce owing to liquid in the box container (storage box) in the box container of the vehicle that is stored in motion (land vehicle, boats and ships, spacecraft and aircraft) or that do not move or gas forms is characterized in that: with described obturator complete filling box container motion or that do not move according to claim 1 to 13 and claim 15 to 17.

29. the method for hydrocarbon (so-called " the greenhouse gases ") discharging that vaporization, evaporation or a volatilization that is used to reduce owing to liquid in the box container (storage box) in the box container of the vehicle that is stored in motion (land vehicle, boats and ships, spacecraft and aircraft) or that do not move or gas forms is characterized in that: will according to the described floating obturator single or multiple lift of claim 14 to 17 be applied on the surface of liquid of storage.

30. one kind is used to improve the stability when having flammable and explosive liquid and gas containers being subjected to external mechanical influence on chamber wall and the method for crashworthiness; it is characterized in that: with a described obturator complete filling container to be protected according to claim 6 to 17, and this fills with corresponding counter-pressure opposing from the pressure of external action on chamber wall.

31. the box container of oil tank car of a box container that is used to prevent the non-forced ventilation system-for example-and design the not pipeline that lost efficacy of vacuum-resistant and its safety valve and the method that implodes of pressure vessel; it is characterized in that: with box container, pipeline and a pressure vessel that described obturator complete filling is to be protected according to claim 6 to 17; and since box container, pipeline and pressure vessel emptying to be protected and within it portion produce under the situation of negative pressure, obturator opposing of living in is in this case by the outside overvoltage of the loading atmosphere of external action on chamber wall.

32. one kind is used for having the method for carrying out welding job on flammable and explosive liquid and the gas containers and not having blast or strong fire and explosive risks filling or not cleaning, it is characterized in that: have flammable and explosive liquid and gas containers with a described obturator complete filling according to claim 6 to 17 when maintenance work begins.

33. a method that is used to reduce " the carburation by evaporation effect " of hydrogen is characterized in that: fill whole hydrogen tank with a described obturator according to claim 6 to 17.

34. one kind is used at chemical industry-for example under vacuum and normal pressure during refining, in absorption, elution, extraction, when surplus vapour condenses, and when regeneration, and in the method for washing, biological when change, condensing etc.-optimization use, importantly use this moment obturator to obtain big surface area with low flow resistance, it is characterized in that: use a described obturator according to claim 6 to 17 for this reason, and with this according to a described obturator of claim 6 to 17 for example in the form of bio-carrier level or vertically pack into pipeline or post with loose charging.

35. one kind is used to prevent bacterium in the box container and the method for fungi, it is characterized in that: with the obturator complete filling box container according to claim 16 to 17.

36. the method for the fluctuation effect of the liquids and gases in the box container of a motion that is used to be reduced in aircraft, spacecraft, boats and ships and land vehicle is characterized in that: with described each box container of obturator complete filling according to claim 6 to 17.

37. a method that is used for deriving from the box container of the motion and standstill that has fuel, chemical liquid and gas static is characterized in that: with a described obturator complete filling box container to be protected according to claim 6 to 17.

38. a method that is used to protect the box container that has fuel, chemical liquid and gas not to be subjected to electromagnetic interference EMD (Electromagnetic Disturbance) is characterized in that: with a described obturator complete filling box container to be protected according to claim 1 to 17.

39. interior B.L.E.V.E (Boiling Liguid Expanding Vapour Exposion of box container that is used to reduce and postpone to have the LFG body; the blast of boiling liquid expansion steam) method of effect is characterized in that: with a described obturator complete filling box container to be protected according to claim 1 to 17.

40. a method that is used for when the blanketing gas container improving loading when the predetermined of gas container and pressure is with the box container according to a described obturator complete filling sky of claim 1 to 17.

41. method that is used for liquids and gases filling box container the time, reducing the liquids and gases pressure peak, it is characterized in that: with a described obturator complete filling entire container according to claim 1 to 17, and described obturator is split into a plurality of sub-beams with gas or liquid beam when inserting container, with this reduction that causes the obvious reduction of the pressure peak in the box container and therefore cause the pressure peak on the container inner wall.

42. one kind be used to heat or cooler bin container or pipeline in the method for liquids and gases, it is characterized in that: fill entire container or pipeline with a described obturator according to claim 1 to 17, and at least one and cooling or heating element heater according to a described obturator of claim 1 to 17 have direct cooling or add thermo-contact, wherein this cooling or heating element heater are preferably located in box container or pipeline outside, and cooling or add thermo-contact and formed by clavate of passing chamber wall or duct wall or ring shaped conductor.

43. one kind be used to heat or cooler bin container or pipeline in the method for liquids and gases, it is characterized in that: fill entire container or pipeline with a described obturator according to claim 1 to 17, and at least one of obturator heats under the situation of not passing chamber wall or duct wall by the thermal source that is positioned at box container or pipeline outside, preferably often heats by induction or microwave.

44. the method for the evaporation loss that a vaporization that is used to reduce owing to the liquid in the box container (storage box) in the box container of the vehicle that is stored in motion (land vehicle, boats and ships, spacecraft and aircraft) or that do not move forms is characterized in that: with described obturator complete filling box container motion or that do not move according to claim 1 to 17.