CN101583402B

CN101583402B - Spherical filling body

Info

Publication number: CN101583402B
Application number: CN200780050216.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 托马斯·K·斯特尔泽尔
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2006-11-21
Filing date: 2007-10-16
Publication date: 2014-04-30
Anticipated expiration: 2027-10-16
Also published as: CN101583402A; ES2362694T3

Abstract

The invention relates to the production of a spherical hollow filling body for filling containers for combustible and inflammable liquids or gases, and to a method for the especially advantageous usesthereof, for example, for preventing explosive combustion processes and explosions, for extinguishing fires, as protection against corrosion in tanks, for separating fuels and water, as protection ag ainst bacteria and fungi in fuel tanks, as protection against theft, for reducing hydrocarbon emissions, for increasing the stability and safety of tanks in the event of a crash, for reducing the boil-off effect of hydrogen, for applications in the chemical industry, for deriving static electricity from fuel containers, for protection against electromagnetic interferences, for reducing and slowingdown the B.L.E.V.E. effect, for increasing the filling quantity of gas containers, for heating and cooling liquids and gases, and for reducing evaporation loss. The invention also relates to methodsfor producing the filling body. Figure 1 shows a spherical filling body according to the invention, consisting of a plurality of disk-type circular vertical surfaces (1, 2 and 3) and a plurality of disk-type circular horizontal surfaces (7, 8 and 10) which are parallel to each other. A circular opening (6) is located in the centre of the horizontal surface (10), said opening forming an axial continuous tube in the centre, from the top (4) to the bottom (5), together with the upper, inwardly open, circular sleeve-type body (4) and the lower, inwardly open, circular sleeve-type body (5), the inner diameters of the sleeve-type, inwardly open circular bodies (4 and 5) and the circular opening (6) being identical. The vertical surfaces (1) extend from the outer edge of the spherical body to theedge of each circular opening (4, 5 and 6) of the parallel horizontal surfaces (7, 10 and 8) respectively surrounding the openings.

Description

Spherical filling body

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of object with spherical hollow obturator shape, described object is for filling up for incendivity and the liquid that can light or the container of gas, also relate to the particularly advantageous using method of described object, for example, for prevent exploding combustion process and blast, for knock down the flame, as the anti-corrosion protection in box container, for separating of fuel and water, as the protection of the bacteriological protection in fuel tank and fungi, as anti-theft protection, for reducing hydrocarbon emission, for improving stability and the crashworthiness of box container, for reducing " the carburation by evaporation effect " of hydrogen, for using at chemical industry, for static is conducted from fuel container, for anti-emi protection, for reducing with delayed boiling expansion of liquids vapour explosion effect, for improving the loading of gas container, for heating and cooling liquids and gases, and for reducing evaporation loss.In addition, the present invention relates to the manufacture method of this object.

Background technology

Especially for being reduced in the explosion danger in fuel tank and/or gas cabinet (aerosol container), known use provides the metal otter board of otch, wherein it has the application as Types Below substantially, with the shape of roller or ball, be arranged in case or container, cause therein significantly surface to increase, but it is long-pending to occupy the casing of small scale.At this, substantially use aluminum or aluminum alloy as material, because material is for this reason soft especially and therefore can be especially advantageously by known method processing, wherein otch forms by knife cylinder, because the hardness of knife cylinder has limited material selection certainly.This basic principle with knife cylinder processing is changing nearly ten years again and again, wherein basic change relates generally to the optimization of each the single parts to machine, particularly drawing mechanism (referring to EP 340 619B, DE 2801 312C2, DE3814448A1).

But practice show, when cutting with knife cylinder, occur smear metal and discharge particulate, this present invention based on application in be significant adverse.Mainly when using expanded material as explosive-proof protector material in fuel tank, these particulates arrive in fuel and in company with fuel, arrive in the filter plant of internal combustion engine and arrive in internal combustion engine self, and state particulate in this place, cause infringement.As advising in EP 912 267B, for providing and remedy at this, in the situation that there is no knife cylinder by means of giving off laser beam, the cutter unit of water bundle or electron beam forms otch in web of material, wherein multiple such cutter units are fixedly arranged side by side transverse to the traffic direction of thin web, make, in the web of process thereunder, the longitudinal profile of interruption is set abreast, and therefore correspondingly provide many vertical lines as cutter unit.The advantage of this technology is now without chip or similar particulate, when cutting, to fall, and do not need to require lubricant as in the situation of knife cylinder yet, make it possible to obtain clean expanded material-first also the carry material of higher case hardness, for example noble metal.Then this type of material extending of longitudinal cut will be there is, wherein serious shortcoming is to have the stretching of the web of material of longitudinal cut must be by band on width, to pull open realization, and wherein the shortening on traffic direction of the broadening of web and web realizes simultaneously.But, transverse to the longitudinal direction of web only pull open with relative complex for edge side clamping device realize, wherein, require distinctive driving-chain or cog belt stroke, as also as described in explain in EP 912 267B.

For getting rid of these and other shortcoming, in patent application PCT/AT2005/000392 (WO2006/034522A1), according to invention, advise, make otch be set to cross sections in metal web (the laminar metal web of particularly being made by noble metal), wherein chopped beam is along moving with respect to the x wire of web of material, and be unlocked simultaneously and close, make to form spaced, by the separated cross section of material, in stretching, realize afterwards thus the reticulated structure of hope.Similarly method is also known from patent US 2001/001986A1.

The something in common of all these methods is, the metal otter board of therefore producing is arranged in container to be protected with spherical form.In the use of using spherical metal otter board as explosive-proof protector, shortcoming is that container fills up with the piece of being made by metal otter board, and the outside dimension of this piece is corresponding to the inside dimension of container, and therefore piece can not or be difficult to take out from container when damaging.For example, due to desirable, for the clean or inspection of container inner wall, may need the filler of being made by metal otter board to take out from container.In addition, the basic shortcoming of this technology is that container can not for example, be filled by little opening (, case is filled in mouth) afterwards.Therefore, Always Suggest is manufactured little obturator by metal otter board, and by vessel port, little filler is incorporated in internal tank afterwards.Therefore, for example known from BP GB 20 28 129, so use square, the rectangle, cylindrical or spherical by metal otter board, made.Substantially, method for the manufacture of this type of ball is identical, because for the manufacture of the metal otter board always produced of raw material, metal otter board is configured as in a different manner spherical or ellipticity body and (refers to: DE3816792C2 thus, EP0486464A1, EP0558163B1, AT389479B, WO/1993/008361).

But, practice shows, all these manufacture methods all can not provide the result of no problem, because this type of obturator of always being manufactured by metal otter board is not spherical, but best in the situation that, be spherical punching press body, the tendency that its hook due to the upper curved of metal otter board or the void edges that presses down causes mutually blocking makes the desired security at least can not be completely satisfied.By hitherto known production method, the outside of the spherical punching press body of manufacturing is processing and rough.Therefore, the unreliable ground of ball mutually rolls and opens, and therefore never guarantees whether ball fills up protected container reliably until last region.Therefore, can be at the fixing bridge of the inner formation of case, this has realized the space of hollow.At this, form main danger, because for the explosive-proof protector working, in function, importantly in case inside, do not retain hollow space.In addition, if obturator made of aluminum is arranged in container, trend towards because mutual scraping contacts the mutual strong friction causing.In addition already showed; the spherical punching press body of being made by the metal otter board of suppressing or be shaped can not have shape stability or the intensity of desired opposing gas or fluid pressure peak value enduringly, make after longer service time, to occur in the petrol tank having filled up sinking-so-called " setting (nesting) " of ball-and case therefore no longer remain and be filled into the required amount of explosive-proof protector completely.And this obturator is unstable in this wise, make obturator with blowing device to the filling in case and particularly from can cause infringement and the distortion of obturator in case to the suction of obturator.For the filling of this type of obturator of making to be made by metal otter board can realize better, known this obturator is surrounded with the film that can be dissolved by liquid, described film surrounds obturator inserting in process, and then with fuel liquid (for example, gasoline) after contact within a certain period of time without residue ground dissolving, make only to retain obturator in internal tank.But, the basic shortcoming of the obturator of being made by metal otter board is general, described shortcoming is also determined to be produced by following reason by method, be that metal otter board is stamped and is shaped, and the geometric properties of manufacturing the obturator of producing in principle at this does not have observant calculating definition (strict extruding, volume etc.).But, from practice, being known that the use for the potential big customer of this type of explosive-proof protector, this is basic main standard.Planemaker for example must strictly know the weight of explosive-proof protector to be built to gram ground, and the extruding of strict volume.Manufacturer must be able to guarantee, can in the case of filling, pump out the obturator of having inserted, and can again insert with identical feature.In addition, must avoid reliably any corrosion danger and friction.These unsafe factors for user and client cause following situation, although this design exists 30 years from now on market, the described obturator of being made by metal otter board is not obtained market penetration widely at present.As the critical defect of the obturator of being manufactured by metal otter board according to mentioned method, also mention especially following situation, be this obturator for it, to make the ability that liquids and gases flow through aspect be that obvious tool is imperfect, and in fact there is obvious flow resistance.Usually, in addition the significant drawbacks of whole method, the obturator that insertion has the metal otter board of netted ball shape and made by metal otter board, increases applied this surface or the cooling physical principle of flame is only suitable for prevent exploding, is but not suitable for preventing flame or by fray-out of flame.Now, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of obturator, described obturator not only prevent aspect fuel tank blast and also extinguish aspect surface-fire substantially more effective than known product, and meeting a series of more effectively than known product in other order requirement situation, the object of described obturator and advantage are explained in other description.For solving this technical problem, the present invention proposes novel spherical hollow obturator, and the manufacture method of this obturator, as limited in subsidiary independent claims.Favourable application process provides in the dependent claims.The present invention refers to providing the method for aforementioned type, described method makes it possible to manufacture strict limit and the identical obturator with ideal characterisitics by the suitable material of the best that is respectively used to specific application target, and described obturator does not have the described shortcoming of the obturator of being made by metal otter board using at present.

Summary of the invention

This technical problem task solves by the obturator providing in the claims.The advantage of described obturator is that to have for method be in the claims desirable with absolute smooth surperficial spherical form, and described obturator relatively rolls and opens and container is filled up until last region with maximum reliability well.There will be scarcely the bridge construction forming due to the mutual hook of described obturator.By the manufacture method limiting in the claims, accurately set described obturator for the necessary characteristic of each application target, and guarantee the identical of whole obturators.The additional advantage of described obturator is to have as far as possible little volume extruding and as far as possible little weight.Although container must be to fill up according to obturator of the present invention, but described obturator must have large hollow space part, make container for the capacity of fluid contents owing to reducing as small as possible with the filling of described obturator, wherein for example value conventionally 1% to 5%.For this reason, all described obturators have strict identical size, shape, density and identical weight.The advantage of described obturator is to have high as far as possible conducting power (heat conduction and conduction) and high-intensity stability.Therefore, guarantee that filling in container with described obturator, Volume Loss is no more than 1% to 5% of volume, and the weight of the container after filling increases compared with the advantage of described obturator and can ignore.In addition guarantee, due to the high stability of described obturator, under the load of liquid wave or gas ripple (liquid peak value and gas peak value), or under the weight load of mutually stacked described obturator, do not cause the breaking of part of described obturator.The additional advantage of described obturator is, although its little volume extruding of obturator has large as far as possible surface.Described obturator forms large as far as possible surface, but has on the other hand the structure that realizes the alap pressure loss.The additional advantage of described obturator is optimised in flow technique, makes it have the alap flow resistance for liquid or gas, as described obturator, in the whole filling of container, arrives in the container with described obturator.The additional advantage of described obturator is, realized the hollow space running through that is positioned at described obturator, and ducted body is integrated in described obturator without problems.Therefore, the suggestion according to the present invention, stores material fire-retardant or fire extinguishing hereinto in empty body, or active or passive electronics transceiver.In addition, the suggestion according to the present invention, the ducted body in described obturator is made by fire-resistant floating foam material, makes so buoyancy aid as described obturator by this ducted body, and therefore makes described obturator floatability.By described obturator as the disclosed feature shown at figure 01, figure 02 and figure 03, can prevent from present known shown in figure 05, being 12 the cylindrical or oval obturator of being made by metal otter board and in the shortcoming that shown in figure 06 is 13 the spherical filling body of being made by metal otter board.The at present known obturator shown in figure 04 being 11 trends towards being hooked in geometrically bending pipeline while especially introducing.At pipeline 14 shown in figure 07, in it, insert the obturator of being made by metal otter board 15 of current use, and in this pipeline, at the 16 place's obturators 15 of turning, stop up region 17 is interior.Use has prevented this danger according to obturator of the present invention.Therefore, figure 08 illustrates pipeline 18, along direction 21, the obturator 19 of the suggestion according to the present invention is blown into wherein, and at pipeline turning 20 places, does not make advised obturator 19 because mutual hook causes stopping up, make obturator 19 along direction 21, continue to move in the clear.According to the present invention, the particularly advantageous application of the obturator of suggestion is explained especially from figure 09.Wherein by inserting pipeline 22, will be incorporated in box container 24 according to obturator 23 of the present invention, described box container 24 is filled with fuel 25.By favourable shape and the feature especially according to obturator of the present invention, make in this wise this introducing become easy, as illustrated in Figure 10, for example according to obturator 28 of the present invention by be blown into equipment 27 (this only its to fill in mouth visible) can be filled into without difficulty in the existing case opening 26 of car.According to the important component part of obturator as suggested in the present invention, be shown in Figure 11 according to the hollow space 30 of obturator as suggested in the present invention 29.This hollow space is integrated in hollow or solid body 31 according to the possibility in obturator as suggested in the present invention 29 as shown in Figure 12 providing.

Other object and advantage are obvious in the following description.

Be known as and occur blast box container is inner, must have three fundamentals, be i.e. pressure, the burning mixt put and the firing pulse that by fuel vapour and oxygen, are formed.In the many containers that contain the liquid with explosion danger, if particularly this container is only partly full of liquid, mainly there is the danger of fuel vapour/oxygen mixture and pressure, make just can blast by accidental firing pulse or by the overheated of chamber wall.Therefore, the suggestion according to the present invention, for the existing container that contains the liquid with explosion danger, for example fuel tank, when building or afterwards to fill completely according to obturator of the present invention.If this type of is lighted with the container of filling according to obturator of the present invention, do not cause the blast of the damp of assembling in container free space, because normal controlled the burnouting and flame cooling that causes being gathered in damp in container free space according to obturator of the present invention.

In the novel method of another form of implementation of the present invention, also tool is advantageous especially, integrated fire-retardant active principle in described obturator.Integrated fire-retardant active principle can be resolved so far relevant to the packing material that the stops blast problem that can not solve simply and first.For example, if filled with the tank truck of fuel, have an accident and its case is torn and gasoline leaks, although the metal otter board in install bin causes tank truck temporarily not explode, can not prevent that the fuel for example leaking from being lighted and then causing catching fire at outside vehicle.In this case, the fire-retardant active principle in present described obturator works and makes fray-out of flame.For this reason, by fire-extinguishing gel-preferably fire-extinguishing gel based on Polymers-put into the ducted body take wax as shell, described shell melts at a certain temperature, and discharges inclusion-i.e. fire-extinguishing gel based on Polymers.Other fire-retardant filler can be sodium acid carbonate, Firebrake ZB or Boratex, calcium bromide, calcium chloride dihydrate, calcium chloride hexahydrate or oleate (salt of oleic acid or ester).

In the novel method of another form of implementation of the present invention, also tool is advantageous especially, will apply with alkali metal dichromate according to obturator of the present invention, to remove the water in fuel.In this problem, be, in fuel, exist water-for example at the diesel oil of sea area-be undesirable and for after the engine that connects be harmful to.At this, prior art is to remove water with splitter and filter.But the present invention is simpler.At this, according to the coating of obturator of the present invention, be effectively alkali metal dichromate especially, because its bichromate containing plays the effect that water is removed from fuel and from fuel container.

In the novel method of another form of implementation of the present invention, also tool is advantageous is especially, described obturator can be floated, and some specific chambers are provided for this purpose in described obturator, and the product with special characteristic can be incorporated in described chamber after the manufacture of described obturator completes.Therefore, at this, consider especially to introduce the floating body (buoyancy aid) of being made by non-combustible material.In this other form of implementation of the present invention; using the buoyancy aid of being made by non-combustible material, as floating body is integrated, provide following possibility;; make described obturator not only for the filling completely of fuel container; and especially for example, for storage box-on oil plant and airport-and also come in the following way container explosive-proof protector, be about to stored explosive liquid all to cover according to showy obturator single or multiple lift of the present invention.With this, between the gas/air blending space of liquid and the side of being located thereon, form reliable flame and igniting barrier.Also can by by a large amount of balls or spherical tight on burning surface launch and therefore fire is suffocated to make fire to extinguish.At this, ball constructed in accordance or the extinguishing ability of spherical, based on following phenomenon, do not penetrate described obturator at the lip-deep flame of incendiary material.For common fire, the heat of incendiary material causes material to evaporate from the teeth outwards and mixes with the oxygen in atmosphere in described surface, to produce flammable mixture.If be arranged according to obturator of the present invention between the surface and atmosphere of incendiary material, the capacity of heat transmission of described obturator reduces fiery heat, therefore reduces the amount of the steam producing.In addition, described obturator prevents that the lip-deep flame of incendiary material from making the flammable mixture that comprises steam and atmosphere arrive fire top, and therefore plays the effect of igniting barrier.Equally, in the scope of other application of the present invention particularly advantageously, as described in fire-retardant filler (as oleate or similar compound chemically) is integrated in obturator, because oleate produces dense steam under case of fire, and described steam covers incendiary material and therefore support that flame suffocates fast.

In the novel method of another form of implementation of the present invention, also tool is advantageous especially, and described obturator is packed in air-conditioning equipment vertical shaft, roof vertical shaft and pipeline and pipeline.At this, described obturator plays the dangerous effect of " altering fire " of preventing the gas/air mixture with explosion danger by permanent igniting and the flame barrier that can pass through as air.For this purpose, by the only part of vertical shaft and passage, or by whole vertical shaft and whole passage to fill according to obturator of the present invention.

In the novel method of another form of implementation of the present invention, also tool is advantageous especially, by the special shape of described obturator-be in this case the integrated with obvious described obturator of expanding material-pack in vertical shaft, roof vertical shaft and pipeline and the pipeline of air-conditioning equipment under heat.Therefore; obturator not only plays the dangerous effect of " altering fire " of preventing the gas/air mixture with explosion danger by the permanent igniting barrier that can pass through as air, and due to combustion heat effect, is obviously expanded and whole space empty gas to be protected is sealed to the diffusion that prevents the height poison gas occurring in combustion case hermetically by the material being integrated in described obturator.For this purpose, by the only part of vertical shaft and passage, or by whole vertical shaft and whole passage to fill according to obturator of the present invention.

In the novel method of another form of implementation of the present invention, also tool is advantageous especially, and described obturator is used at the vertical shaft of air-conditioning equipment that is for example arranged in hospital as bacterial barriers.For this purpose, described obturator is coated with the antibacterial and antimycotic layer of being made by for example noble metal.The obturator of this type of coating is touching bacterium and the virus of nipping in the bud and containing in flowing through air, and therefore can effectively prevent that what is called " hospital germ " from spreading by the air-conditioning equipment of hospital architecture.By the special structure of described obturator, obturator can be sucked out at every turn, cleans and again pack in air-conditioning equipment with clean state in situation about polluting.

In the novel method of another form of implementation of the present invention, in according to obturator of the present invention, integrated active or passive transceiver provide other special advantage: be identification goods or animal especially, and contactless ticket sale system, for example, for supplemented with money the ticket of the vehicles, used RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology.With this known RFID technology, can by the mode without physical contact of electronics, exchange the information that characterizes object fast and simply.Substantially, rfid system is comprised of fetch equipment-so-called " reader " and answering equipment-so-called " responder ".Therefore, known at inventive aspect, such transceiver can comprise electronic memory and send/receive antenna, and can be integrated in paper ticket (" intelligent label ") or stationary housing (" TAG ").The core members of transceiver is electronic memory, and described electronic memory is as actual information carrier.Only storing data on the chip for grains of sand size, with for example each independent part of these data, can identify a goods, and be not only as the each goods group in known bar code (bar code).Information from then on chip read and writing by means of sending on this chip carried out, by reflected radio signal, realize by the image charge in induction or electric field in magnetic field.Substantially there are two kinds of transceiver type: initiatively transceiver and passive transceiver, initiatively transceiver carries energy by means of battery, and this generates electromagnetic waves certainly, and passive transceiver is supplied with energy by reader in writing and reading process.From known in the state of the art, existing transceiver is for example integrated in glass column, plastic sheet and cheque card.They be for example arranged on cask, vial, Beverage pail, cooling and rolling container (Rollcontainer) and the bottle that can again fill in or upper, be for example arranged on equally, in live subject (, the label of dog and cat).For RFID technology, crucial popularization is in auto industry, and auto industry is used for the control of product and monitoring by this technology especially.But, as the new possibility of the favourable use of RFID technology, for becoming more and more important of the anti-theft protection of single wheel and many skates vehicle.At this, transceiver for example, for example, is connected with a limiting-members (vehicle frame) of single wheel vehicle and a limiting-members (bumper) of many skates vehicle inseparably.In the addressable central database of police and maintenance shop by stolen vehicle storage.Transceiver if near fetch equipment in police and maintenance shop automatically in response to described fetch equipment.But, this disadvantageously professional burglar constantly obtain the knowledge about this system, and change a limiting-members (for example bumper) of the vehicle stolen, as long as they navigate to and/or only estimate that this parts place exists transceiver.Therefore, for layman's consumer, install additional as described in RF transceiver be difficult because for example by they paste transceiver (for example, in vehicle car) especially easily by criminal, found.Now, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the particularly advantageous layout of this type of RF transceiver of suggestion.Therefore, for solving this technical problem, the present invention is advantageously suggestion also, by integrated in described obturator to active or passive transceiver.As described in detail, application target according to the obturator described in claims 1 to 32 according to the present invention is substantially, will for example contain the existing container of the liquid substance with explosion danger-for example by fuel tank-fill up described obturator by existing filling opening afterwards.At this, special advantage is, transceiver can be placed in like this in the space of single wheel or many skates vehicle interior, and the burglar of single wheel or many skates vehicle only just can obtain this transceiver by destroying by plastics or metal fuel tank.But, experience demonstration, indifferent to the carrying out on the vehicle of stealing of this type of criminal reequiped so on a large scale.Described obturator can be incorporated in fuel tank at any time by the suitable equipment that is blown into afterwards.If wish container to carry out explosive-proof protector, by whole vessel filling with according to obturator of the present invention.Some that only need to make described obturator at this are equipped with transceiver, to realize, are also advantageously used in identification except explosive-proof protector.But, if this explosive-proof protector do not wish, also can and meaningfully only by some or multiple be incorporated in case of multiple described obturators-also for settling transceiver.Some that make described obturator may be enough with some transceivers, but because safety reasons is also advised according to the present invention, according to application target and container dimensional, introduce multiple this type of according to " transceiver obturator " of the present invention.Tool is advantageous is especially on this transceiver, to store multiple data, and described data are not only for anti-theft protection, and for example for environmental protection, or also comprises about responsible maintenance work and the data of the security parameter of filling containers.Therefore, can tool advantageous, to fill the wing tank of for example aircraft according to obturator of the present invention, and by storing the significant data relevant to the security of aircraft according to the transceiver ball of mixing of the present invention or obturator.By the transceiver ball of the constructed in accordance and introducing in fuel tank, police can determine stolen vehicle at place, inspection post by hand-held fetch equipment.For example, on Frontier Defence Inspection Station or certain highway section, by so-called " sweep gate " is installed in both sides, track, also realized full automatic detection.At this, relate to sightless radio cabinet, when crossing this cabinet, check transceiver signal, and if circulate a notice of, for stolen vehicle, to send warning.Also can be at upper fetch equipment, the other vehicle that this device scan crosses installed of police car (highway police).

In the novel method of another form of implementation of the present invention, also tool is advantageous is especially, fully to fill the fuel tank of vehicle (aircraft, boats and ships and surface car) according to obturator of the present invention, and the storage box in chemistry and petrochemical industry, and with the storage box of fuel, therefore to reduce a crucial problem in brand-new mode first, the part of hydrocarbon (so-called " greenhouse gases ") is discharged in environment.When engine internal fuel imperfect combustion or burning disappearance, hydrocarbon discharges by exhaust apparatus.In addition by the evaporation of gasoline, arrive in atmosphere quite in a large number.Hydrocarbon is for example from parts (fuel channel, vaporizer, filter, the canister etc.) evaporation of the fuel tank of vehicle and other conduction fuel, and while pouring in the fuel tank of gas station and evaporation while being filled in automotive oil tank from gas station.Hydrocarbon (HC) discharge vaporization for example forms by the pressure gap in the air chamber of fuel container and in fuel bowl.Described hydrocarbon discharge vaporization occurs as fuel tank breathing discharge by the diurnal variation of temperature in stationary vehicle, when the after heat of driving over a long distance is stopped and when short distance is driven rear cold parking, occurs.Even for example plastic fuel tank sealing (fuel tank cap is tightened) completely from visual, but fuel tank blow-by, because be generally used for the plastic H DPE of fuel tank, in molecule aspect, in fact for hydrocarbon, can pass through, and this harmful substance is diffused in environment.The HDPE that is rich in fuel is also the problem in reclaiming, because tank wall " is filled " container of hydrocarbon and this type of pollution, regards Special Wastes as and can not by grinding, process simply.For the understanding of this fact, in (U.S.) some states, particularly in California, cause strict rules to change.In California, the discharge of this hydrocarbon is depended in the sale of the license of vehicle and therefore vehicle.This not only relates to fuel tank and access way thereof, and relates to whole vehicle.This requirement becomes Compulsory Feature in Europe day by day, makes in the exploitation and manufacture of fuel tank, and material selects to play the effect day by day increasing.This type of by evaporate and volatilize arrive the material in atmosphere problem not only for the fuel tank of car, and for the storage box of all types of movable and not movable chemical liquids and fuel.VOC (being abbreviated as: VOC, i.e. volatile organic compound) is easy evaporation (i.e. volatilization) or for example, under low temperature (room temperature), has been that the organic matter of gas is the general name of carbonaceous material.In the abbreviation NMVOC being in daily use equally (non methane volatile organic compound), gases methane is got rid of from VOC group.The material that word " volatilization " means the group that belongs to VOC is due to its high-vapor-pressure or low boiling and rapid evaporation (volatilization).VOC is divided by its boiling point or the volatility that causes thus according to WHO.Certainly, for VOC, be in fact what does not exist unified definition.In fact some definition comprise the explanation for vapour pressure, and other definition are generally new definition, are used to form the leading material of ozone by its for example conduct of photochemical reaction definition.In addition,, in some definition, got rid of clearly certain organic matter.For solving described problem, the present invention advantageously proposes, by the fuel tank in the vehicles (surface car, boats and ships, aircraft) and storage box to fill up according to obturator of the present invention, or the surface of liquid to be stored is filled by the obturator multilayer ground according to " floating " described in claim 44, for example, (therefore to reduce the interior liquid of storing of vehicle (surface car, boats and ships, aircraft) and storage box, gasoline) to vaporization, evaporation and the volatilization of environment, and therefore also reduce hydrocarbon from then on oil tank of vehicle and storage box to the discharge of environment.According to the particularly advantageous effect of obturator of the present invention, be, this obturator obviously slows down and reduces vaporization, evaporation and volatilization, because the heat-flash by described obturator causes lower evaporation, and cause in addition again condensing on the described obturator of gas in container.

In the novel method of another form of implementation of the present invention, also tool is advantageous is especially, the fuel tank with liquids and gases fuel of vehicle (aircraft, boats and ships, spacecraft and land vehicle), pipeline and pressure vessel are filled completely with described obturator, therefore to improve the chamber wall of the having filled stability with respect to external action.The power effect for case or storage container from outside in accident conditions has obvious danger, because this can cause penetrating damage or breaking of case or storage container.Other problem is the danger imploding when box container is emptying, for example, in the oil tank car without forced ventilation system.At this, by the inclusion of emptying box container, produce internal negative pressure, and by the outside overvoltage existing due to loading atmosphere, cause the unexpected avalanche of box container.This is equally applicable to design to obtain vacuum-resistant and that its safety valve lost efficacy pipeline and pressure vessel.Therefore, according to the present invention suggestion, by whole vessel filling according to obturator of the present invention.By this, fill completely, in the transmission loss of case crust or situation about imploding, described obturator is the power from case lateral case central role with " counter-pressure " opposing.

In the novel method of another form of implementation of the present invention; also tool is advantageous is especially; by described obturator, be that the protection of blast protection in maintenance work and explosion-proof protection pack in the case with fuel and chemical liquid and gas, and case to be protected is filled completely with according to obturator of the present invention.Fill or emptying but not yet clean box container on maintenance work be obviously to there is risk, for example, because can cause spark (to splash in maintenance work, welding job), and can further cause relatively blast or the outburst of the gas/air mixture with explosion danger that is positioned at case.Current prior art is first this type of case to be emptied completely before beginning maintenance work and then must to remove the residue on chamber interior wall.Therefore, the suggestion according to the present invention, by whole case to fill according to obturator of the present invention.By the high capacity of heat transmission of described obturator, based on surface, expand principle by the counteracting of splashing of each spark, and do not cause lighting of damp/air mixture.Therefore, even if also realized non-hazardous maintenance work while there is damp/air mixture in fuel tank.

In the novel method of another form of implementation of the present invention, also tool is advantageous especially, described obturator is packed in hydrogen case to slow down the volatilization of hydrogen, and case to be protected is filled completely with according to obturator of the present invention.Hydrogen storage has obvious problem.Although isolate extensive and multiple hydrogen case, in the time of negative 253 ℃, after the short time, hydrogen has started to heat up and volatilization subsequently (so-called " carburation by evaporation effect ").At present, loss is until approximately every 24 hours 4% to 6%.This known problem proposes major obstacle for hydrogen as worldwide vehicle fuel.Therefore, the suggestion according to the present invention, fills whole hydrogen case with according to obturator of the present invention.Described obturator obviously slows down and has reduced the vaporization of hydrogen, because by the strong heat conduction of described obturator, causing the low evaporation of hydrogen and this is to cause condensing again on the described obturator of hydrogen in closed container.

In the novel method of another form of implementation of the present invention, also tool is advantageous especially, will as obturator, be used for chemical industry according to obturator of the present invention.Be known that obturator promotes the distribution of the medium (water, steam, gas etc.) that surrounds it.This obturator in large pond or tower for changing the medium (washing, biological change, condense etc.) that surrounds it.This type of obturator for example in rectifying in the middle use of condensing of vacuum and normal pressure, absorption, elution, extraction, remaining vapour, and use in regeneration.According to application target, this type of obturator is with loose charging level or vertically use in pipeline or post.This type of installation is called as " filler ".At this, useful is to have high surface area under low flow resistance, particularly obturator is used in cooling tower or static mixer.If gas flow and/or liquid stream must be as far as possible evenly and simultaneously without the pressure loss collect, always use static mixer.For example manufacture certain density caustic soda mixture and while mixing with gas for guaranteeing steady temperature, often use this static mixer.The splitter of filling with the obturator of unconsolidated formation is called filling scapus in chemical industry.At this, obturator is positioned on the switching backplane of perforation of loose charging, and vapor stream is crossed described switching backplane.In the situation of mutual cross-current or direct current, gas medium flows through this post conventionally from bottom to top, and liquid is to flow from the top down and to flow through on the contrary especially.According to obturator of the present invention, can advantageously and according to the present invention, substitute the obturator using at present, and provide obvious advantage compared with current used obturator.Therefore, guarantee to avoid reliably the vertical danger of mutually inserting of obturator, i.e. so-called " setting "-this can cause the formation of bridge, for example, cause forming blind area.In addition, according to obturator of the present invention, can be made by refractory metal, and therefore than the higher temperature of the obturator of being made by polypropylene, PVDF and heat-stabilised poly propylene tolerance of current use.Therefore, according to obturator of the present invention, be advantageously applicable to different ruuning situation, and can be suitable for its each task situation.Using special tool during according to obturator of the present invention advantageous, be its high surface area and low flow losses and the pressure loss simultaneously.In addition, because obturator is insensitive for pollutant and crust, so be suitable for highlightedly the use of the liquid that carries solid.

In the novel method of another form of implementation of the present invention, also tool is advantageous is especially, according to specific application target, for described obturator provides the feature with antibacterial (opposing virus and bacterium) and antimycotic (opposing fungi).This can be on the one hand by the metal implement feature likely of making described obturator is realized, or for example, by provide corresponding effectively coating (, by with noble metal the face coat to described obturator) to realize for described obturator.Therefore can realize, for the large problem (particularly in sea area) of the inherent storage box of world wide and field of fuel tanks, can not use chemical additive matter and solve simply to spend to realize.At this, relate to side effect-this side effect that is reduced in the sterilization process in fuel and cause-be called " Dieselpest " owing to introducing pathogen or condensate water.Known in this regard, for example this quasi-microorganism can occur for the infringement of grease-box and diesel fuel tanks when each fuel tank is filled, and also and any other pollution emptying by fuel tank occurs.As the result of microorganism encroach, the degradation of diesel oil and lubricating oil.In addition, biological metabolite destroys the material of filter element, pipeline and particularly oil tank wall.For example, be known that biological metabolite-hydrogen sulfide-main support corrosion and further pass through to form microorganism mucus blocking pipe, jet pump and filter element.Prior art be attempt by filter and separator (be mainly comprise filter layer and with after the composition element of phase separator/coalescent filter element of the diffusion barrier that connects) for example before water concentration raises, to protect diesel fuel-water be the basis of microorganism encroach and propagation at this.But, if case microbial contamination, by would using specific biocide kill microorganisms.The structure of described prior art and maintenance cost are high, and also definitely do not guarantee safety.

In the novel method of another form of implementation of the present invention, also tool is advantageous is especially, the fuel tank that described obturator is packed into vehicle (aircraft, boats and ships, spacecraft and land vehicle) is interior to reduce " fluctuation effect " of liquid and liquid gas, and fills this fuel tank completely with described obturator.In the braking or acceleration of liquid, liquid works as " inertia mass ", and for example liquid rocks forward backward and when braking when accelerating.For turning driving, be also that so wherein, under the effect of centrifugal force, liquid is side shifting outside bend.Liquid and liquid gas this unexpected weight of (for example, for boats and ships, also when billow) when transportation moves has extra high accident hazard on world wide.Therefore, due to the unstability causing by fluctuation effect, always dangerous freight wagon overturning on road, and with the boats and ships of liquid gas load, overturn when the billow especially, because liquid gas is " aggravation " seriously, make boats and ships " around self axis rotation ".According to prior art, by being installed, so-called " fluctuation baffle plate " reduce at present the negative effect of fluctuation effect.At this, fluctuation baffle plate is mounted in the partition wall of the common perforate in liquid container, and plays the effect of what is called " chopper ".This fluctuation baffle plate is opening, and on height, does not reach the covering of liquid container.Fluctuation baffle plate is also arranged in the fuel tank of vehicle (at this also for reducing the noise of the fuel back and forth rocking) in addition, and in the machine oil storage container of engine.In the situation of machine oil storage container, therefore prevent that machine oil from transferring to a side and then machine oil suction nozzle with battery unit is drawn into air, and engine lubrication is interrupted in this case.But the efficiency of this technology is not satisfied, as described in detail, dangerous goods transport vehicle is always in the overturning of highway turning.In addition, fluctuation baffle plate weight is obviously large, and this causes the rising of the fuel consumption of vehicle.Therefore, now according to the present invention suggestion, by each box container to fill completely according to obturator of the present invention.Because the obturator of each independent description is as working with " microwave moves baffle plate " of multiple " choppers " and so liquid load being split into multiple very little He minimum wave motions, so avoid occurring very unmanageable very large " ripple ", and reliably by liquid stabilising.

In the novel method of another form of implementation of the present invention, also tool is advantageous especially, and described obturator is packed in the case with fuel and chemical liquid and gas, to derive static.Static for example has very large danger in aircraft.Therefore, by the spark forming splash (by charge cancellation, forming) can cause being positioned at the lighting of gas-air mixture of case, and therefore cause blast.Therefore, the suggestion according to the present invention, fills whole case with according to obturator of the present invention.By the high conducting power of described obturator, each static is derived from case inclusion immediately and for good and all, make it possible to cause no longer exist when charge cancellation spark to splash.

In the novel method of another form of implementation of the present invention; also tool is advantageous is especially; described obturator is packed into protecting for anti-electromagnetic interference (EMD-electromagnetic disturbance) in the case of fuel and chemical liquid and gas, and case to be protected is filled completely with described obturator.Electromagnetic interference for example has very large danger in aircraft, because therefore can cause the interference for the electronic device of aircraft, this further can be because the actual effect of whole instruments can cause until air crash.Therefore, according to the present invention, suggestion, fills whole case with described obturator.Due to according to the high conduction ability of obturator of the present invention, fill the case with fuel and chemical liquid and gas with described obturator completely by electromagnetic shielding and anti-emi protection.

In the novel method of another form of implementation of the present invention; also tool is advantageous is especially; pack described obturator into case with LFG body for anti-B.L.E.V.E (english abbreviation: Boiling Liguid Expanding Vapour Exposion; boiling liquid expanding-vapor explosion) protection, and by case to be protected to fill completely according to obturator of the present invention.B.L.E.V.E is the gas burst of the boiling liquid of expansion.B.L.E.V.E can occur especially in the pressure gas container that contains flammable liquid gas.B.L.E.V.E for example has very large danger in tank truck, because this can cause, after originally relatively harmless tank truck accident, strong blast occurs.In B.L.E.V.E, first gas go out by slot leakage and quietly burning, or gas cabinet is exposed to exterior source of energy (for example burning of the fuel of the tractor of gas traction fluid tank car after accident).Due to this energy source, gas cabinet is always had gas evaporation by heat intensive and its.Now, in gas pressure vessel, set up the pressure constantly raising, until fire splits the chamber wall having weakened.Therefore, a large amount of gas leaks and lighting immediately, make to cause having the strong blast of fireball form, thus the liquid of burning are splashed down.Therefore, according to the present invention, advise whole case is filled according to obturator of the present invention.According to the particularly advantageous effect of obturator of the present invention, be, make obturator described in this obviously slow down and reduce vaporizing liquid, because because the strong heat of described obturator causes lower evaporation, and cause in addition again condensing on the described obturator of gas in closed container.By described obturator is installed, the pressure under accident conditions in reduction and mitigation of gases case is set up, and fire-fighting or rescue strength can be had and carry out for more time knock down the flame before generation B.L.E.V.E, or rescue or evacuation personnel.

In the novel method of another form of implementation of the present invention, also tool is advantageous especially, described obturator is packed in gas container, particularly in gas cylinder.By this type of gas container, for example gas cylinder is filled, and makes gas be incorporated in gas container under significantly compressing.Be known that this compression except trying hard to make the intensive undesirable temperature rising that also causes of blanketing gas.It is disadvantageous that this temperature raises, because it causes under predetermined pressure and volume, blanketing gas still less can be introduced in gas container to be filled.At this, now according to the present invention suggestion, by gas container to fill completely according to the obturator described in claim 6 to 32.By the high conduction ability of described obturator, effectively blanketing gas is absorbed heat inserting in process.Cooling by this of blanketing gas, under predetermined pressure and volume, can realize than higher filling extent at present.

In the novel method of another form of implementation of the present invention, also tool is advantageous is especially, obturator, for avoiding the liquids and gases pressure peak when the box container with liquids and gases is filled, is made to according to the obturator described in claim 6 to 32, whole box container is filled completely.Particularly when carrying out blanketing gas container with blanketing gas, because the appearance of pressure peak causes the excessively strong load of the inwall of container to be filled.This type of pressure peak produces by the situation that blanketing gas is under high pressure incorporated in gas container to be filled with the form of directional beam.At this, the suggestion according to the present invention now, with described obturator, gas container or box container are filled completely, because the geometry of obturator and stability have following effect,, it is split into multiple son bundles by gas beam or liquid beam when being filled in container, causes the obvious decline of the pressure peak in box container, and therefore cause avoiding the pressure peak on container inner wall with this.

In the novel method of another form of implementation of the present invention, also tool is advantageous especially, by described obturator for heat or cooler bin container or pipeline in liquids and gases.Material transports with gaseous state or liquid state conventionally in box container or pipeline.The state of aggregation that betransported material like this depends on temperature.Therefore, for example, when temperature declines, the goods and materials that betransported are transitioned into intensive state of aggregation.Be known that this causes forming droplet on coagulation sedimentation and container inner wall in gaseous material, wherein contrary, liquid tends to so-called " blocking (versulzen) " (for example, " obstruction " of diesel fuel).This type of phenomenon is undesirable and disadvantageous.At this, the suggestion according to the present invention now, by whole box container or pipeline are utilized according to the outstanding conducting power of the obturator described in of claim 6 to 32 to fill and provide heating or cooling pulse permanent, from an obturator to next obturator transmission on one or more obturators according to the obturator described in of claim 6 to 32, by material to be transported " from inside " heating or cooling.This heating and cooling pulse can be contacted (at this by direct by the heating element heater or the cooling element that are positioned at outside box container or pipeline, cooling and add thermo-contact by penetrate chamber wall or tube wall, there is rod or annular conductor produces) or mediate contact (not penetrating chamber wall or tube wall, preferably by responding to or microwave field) produce.

In the novel method of another form of implementation of the present invention, also tool is advantageous is especially, by described obturator, for reducing evaporation loss, described evaporation loss produces by evaporation and the volatilization of the liquid of storage in the movable box container of vehicle (land vehicle, boats and ships, spacecraft and aircraft) or not movable box container (storage box).This type of evaporation loss is for example important factor when with oil tanker transport liquid fuel.By the water transport of common several weeks and due to the temperature of outboard side effect, cause the obvious evaporation of stored liquid (for example, gasoline).Be known that in one case, even boil-off gas must be burnt to avoid the danger of blast aboard ship.Evaporation loss causes minimizing and the loss of lade, and the lade that makes to arrive recipient when transportation finishes is few during than transportation beginning.According to the present invention suggestion, by box container to fill completely according to obturator of the present invention.Described obturator obviously delays and reduces evaporation and the volatilization of the material betransporteding, and therefore reduces the financial losses for transporter.

Accompanying drawing explanation

In Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 and Figure 11 and Figure 12, the inventive example is as with form of implementation diagram and do not limit this form of implementation, and further explains the present invention with reference to accompanying drawing.

Be shown specifically in the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 illustrates the side view according to spherical filling body of the present invention;

Fig. 2 illustrates the view from top according to spherical filling body of the present invention;

Fig. 3 illustrates the view from below according to spherical filling body of the present invention;

Fig. 4 illustrates according to the view of the stretching metal tape of prior art;

Fig. 5 illustrates according to the view of the cylindrical and oval obturator of being made by metal otter board of prior art;

Fig. 6 illustrates according to the view of the spherical filling body of being made by metal otter board of prior art;

Fig. 7 illustrates that conduit is together with in the inner multiple according to the diagram partial view of the spherical filling body of being made by metal otter board of prior art of position;

Fig. 8 illustrates that conduit is together with in the inner multiple according to the diagram partial view of spherical filling body of the present invention of position;

Fig. 9 illustrates that fuel tank is together with in the inner multiple according to the diagram partial view of spherical filling body of the present invention of position;

Figure 10 illustrates that equipment for filling car fuel tank is together with in the inner multiple according to the diagram partial view of spherical filling body of the present invention of position;

Figure 11 illustrates the side view according to spherical filling body of the present invention, and the region wherein marking is for introducing elongated tubular ducted body; With

Figure 12 illustrates the diagrammatic side view of elongated tubular ducted body.

The specific embodiment

Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 illustrate according to spherical filling body of the present invention, described obturator by the circular

vertical planes

1,2 and 3 of multiple plate-likes and the circular

horizontal plane

7,8 and 10 of plate-like extending that is parallel to each other form.Circular open 6 is positioned at horizontal plane 10 center, described circular open 6 and top be formed on together with to the circular sleeve shape body 4 of inner opening and below to the circular sleeve shape body 5 of inner opening center from top sleeve shape body 4 downwards sleeve shape body 5 axially run through pipe, wherein shell-like and identical with 5 and the internal diameter of circular open 6 to the round 4 of inner opening.Vertical plane 1 extends to the edge of each circular open 4,5 and 6 and the edge of the

horizontal plane

7,10 and 8 that extends abreast around described opening respectively from the outside genesis of spherical.Vertical plane 2 extends to the half of the distance between the outward flange of spherical and the edge of the circular open of

horizontal plane

5 and 6 on

horizontal plane

8 and 10 from the outside genesis of spherical.Vertical plane 3 up 4 and below 5 form

horizontal plane

7 and 8 and

sleeve shape body

4 and 5 between connection.Opening 9 is positioned at horizontal plane 8 and 7.Opening 9 is arranged so that between each

vertical plane

1 and 2, to be furnished with opening 9 respectively on horizontal plane 8, and between each vertical plane 3, is furnished with opening 9 respectively on horizontal plane 7.

Fig. 4 illustrates according to the diagram of the metal otter board 11 of prior art.

Fig. 5 illustrates according to the view of the cylindrical obturator 12 of being made by metal otter board of prior art;

Fig. 6 illustrates according to the view of the spherical filling body of being made by metal otter board 13 of prior art;

Fig. 7 illustrates the pipeline 14 of coiling, wherein introduces the spherical filling body of being made by metal otter board 15 according to prior art (can be for example body 12 and 13), and at these these spherical filling bodies 15 at pipe bend 16 place's Multi-step formings with block 17.

Fig. 8 illustrates the pipeline 18 of coiling, wherein in direction 21, introduce according to spherical filling body 19 of the present invention, and pass through without difficulty pipe bend 20 at this obturator 19, and obturator 19 passes through pipeline 18 in direction 21 with other order.

Fig. 9 illustrates the private side view of fuel tank 24, and described fuel tank 24 is filled half with fuel 25, wherein by filling in mouth 22, spherical filling body 23 according to the present invention is introduced.

Figure 10 fills in mouth 26 at the fuel at car shown in principal diagram, wherein by blowing device 27, spherical filling body 28 according to the present invention is introduced.

Figure 11 illustrates according to the side view of spherical filling body 29 of the present invention wherein have with the tubular axle shown in shade to the opening 30 running through.

Figure 12 illustrates the elongated tubular ducted body 31 being positioned at according to obturator 29 of the present invention.

Claims

1. the obturator of a spherical hollow, that described obturator comprises is concentric, the plate-like vertical plane of positioned opposite (1,2,3) at a certain angle, it is characterized in that: be provided with three or more plate-like vertical plane (1,2,3), and vertically arrange with it two or more plate-like horizontal planes (7,8,10) that are parallel to each other and extend.

2. obturator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described obturator is for filling containers.

3. obturator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described horizontal plane (7, 8, 10) be included in middle the first horizontal plane (10) and the second horizontal plane (7) above the first horizontal plane (10) and the 3rd horizontal plane (8) in the first horizontal plane (10) below, there is first opening (6) of a circle at described the first horizontal plane (10) center, described the first opening (6) with the second opening (4) to the upper rounded sleeve shape body of inner opening with the 3rd opening (5) to the tubular openings (30) that forms from top axial perforation downwards together with the lower square circular sleeve shape body of inner opening, wherein, to the above and below of inner opening, the internal diameter of circular sleeve shape body is identical with the internal diameter of the first opening (6).

4. obturator according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described vertical plane (1,2,3) comprises the first vertical plane (1), described the first vertical plane (1) extends to each edge of the first, second, and third circular opening (6,4,5) that surrounds respectively described circular sleeve shape body of the each described horizontal plane (7,8,10) extending in parallel from its outside genesis.

5. obturator according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described vertical plane (1, 2, 3) comprise the first vertical plane (1) and the second vertical plane (2), , described the first vertical plane (1) extends to from its outside genesis the each described horizontal plane (7 extending in parallel, 8, 10) surround respectively circular first of described circular sleeve shape body, second and the 3rd opening (6, 4, 5) each edge, described the second vertical plane (2) extends to the outward flange of described the second vertical plane (2) and described the first and second horizontal planes (10 that extend in parallel from its outside genesis, 8) described circular the first and second openings (6, 5) the half place of the distance between edge.

6. obturator according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described vertical plane (1, 2, 3) comprise the first vertical plane (1), the second vertical plane (2) and the 3rd vertical plane (3), described the first vertical plane (1) extends to from its outside genesis the each described horizontal plane (7 extending in parallel, 8, 10) surround respectively circular first of described circular sleeve shape body, second and the 3rd opening (6, 4, 5) each edge, described the second vertical plane (2) extends to the outward flange of described vertical plane (2) and described the first and second horizontal planes (10 that extend in parallel from its outside genesis, 8) described circular the first and second openings (6, 5) the half place of the distance between edge, described the 3rd vertical plane (3) forms with below second and the 3rd horizontal plane (7 that are arranged in parallel respectively up, 8) right angle and between sleeve shape body connects.

7. obturator according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: second and the 3rd, have circular port (9) in horizontal plane (7,8), described hole (9) is arranged so that above between each first, second vertical plane (1,2), have hole (9) at the 3rd horizontal plane (8), and above between each the 3rd vertical plane (3), has hole (9) at the second horizontal plane (7).

8. obturator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: whole obturator surface is formed as smooth or porous.

9. obturator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: whole obturator applies with alkali metal dichromate.

10. obturator according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: strictly mate the diameter of described tubular openings (30) and the ducted body (31) of length is introduced from top to bottom vertically and is fixed in obturator, and described ducted body (31) has fire-retardant filler.

11. obturators according to claim 10, is characterized in that: described fire-retardant filler is sodium acid carbonate, Firebrake ZB or Boratex, calcium bromide, calcium chloride dihydrate, the salt of calcium chloride hexahydrate or oleic acid or ester.

12. obturators according to claim 10, is characterized in that: the filler of described ducted body (31) is fire-retardant fire-extinguishing gel, and described fire-extinguishing gel contains the polymer that is combined with water as alkaline matter.

13. obturators according to claim 12, is characterized in that: the shell of described ducted body (31) is made by thin wax layer, and described shell melts and discharges inclusion when catching fire.

14. obturators according to claim 13, is characterized in that: the thermal expansion value of the wax layer of described ducted body (31) and each scope of application of obturator match.

15. obturators according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: strictly mate the diameter of described tubular openings (30) and the ducted body (31) of length is introduced from top to bottom vertically and is fixed in obturator, and in described ducted body (31), have initiatively or passive radio frequency identification transmitter chip.

16. obturators according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: strictly mate the diameter of described tubular openings (30) and the ducted body (31) of length is introduced from top to bottom vertically and is fixed in obturator, and this ducted body (31) comprises floatability and the non-flammable foamed material flotation gear as obturator, and as long as application target needs, described ducted body (31) is divided into some chambers of simultaneously filling with different materials.

17. obturators according to claim 16, is characterized in that: described different materials part is that fire-extinguishing gel and part are floatable foamed material.

18. obturators according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: strictly mate the diameter of described tubular openings (30) and the ducted body (31) of length is introduced from top to bottom vertically and is fixed in obturator, and this ducted body (31) forms gas-tight seal material by obviously expanding when the heating and makes.

19. according to the obturator described in any one in claim 1 to 8 and 10 to 15, it is characterized in that: whole obturator applies with noble metal.

20. according to the obturator described in any one in claim 1 to 8 and 10 to 15, it is characterized in that: whole obturator has antibacterial function external coating.

21. obturators according to claim 20, is characterized in that: described function external coating is manufactured by SOL-GEL method.

22. 1 kinds for filling the method with the box container of liquid and fuel gas, it is characterized in that: by means of the suitable equipment that is blown into (27), will by the existing opening (26) of inserting, be incorporated in the fuel tank (24) or container with liquid and gaseous material according to obturator described in any one in claim 1 to 21, or in described fuel tank or container, extract described obturator for safeguarding by suitable pumping equipment out.

23. 1 kinds for the protection of flammable liquid or the not method of blasting property combustion process of gas container, it is characterized in that: container to be protected is filled completely according to the obturator described in any one in claim 1 to 20.

24. 1 kinds of methods for the fire extinguishing of flammable liquid container; it is characterized in that: to fill flammable liquid container to be protected completely according to claim 10 to the obturator described in any one in 14, and the wax layer of ducted body (31) melts and the fire retardant matter that is arranged in described ducted body (31) is discharged into burning situation under case of fire.

25. 1 kinds for flammable liquid container method of inhibiting corrosion, it is characterized in that: with obturator according to claim 9, fill container to be protected completely, and bichromate causes water to be removed from fuel and container thereof.

26. 1 kinds for the protection of the not method of blasting property combustion process of flammable liquid container; it is characterized in that: by floating obturator single or multiple lift according to claim 16 ground, be seamlessly applied on the surface of the flammable or explosive liquid in box container, and this single or multiple lift barrier on liquid surface is as the barrier of lighting between the liquids and gases/air space in box container.

27. 1 kinds of methods for the fire extinguishing of flammable liquid container, is characterized in that: in case of fire, by floating obturator single or multiple lift according to claim 16 ground, be seamlessly arranged on the liquid surface of burning.

28. 1 kinds for realizing the method for ventilative flame and igniting barrier in the StoreFront, air-conditioning equipment and the pipeline that ventilate at roof vertical shaft, hollow space, rear, it is characterized in that: with according to the obturator described in any one in claim 1 to 15 in segment section or fully fill StoreFront, air-conditioning equipment and the pipeline that roof vertical shaft to be protected, hollow space, rear ventilate.

29. 1 kinds for realizing ventilative igniting and the method for flame barrier in the StoreFront, air-conditioning equipment and the pipeline that ventilate at roof vertical shaft, hollow space, rear, it is characterized in that: with obturator according to claim 21 in segment section or fully fill StoreFront, air-conditioning equipment and the pipeline that roof vertical shaft to be protected, hollow space, rear ventilate.

30. 1 kinds for realizing the method for bacterial barriers in air-conditioning equipment; it is characterized in that: by packing in this wise in the vertical shaft of air-conditioning equipment to be protected according to claim 18 to the obturator described in any one in 20, air-conditioning vertical shaft is completely or partially filled.

31. 1 kinds for by initiatively or passive radio frequency identification transceiver integrated fill or unfilled box container in method, it is characterized in that: by one or more, according to the obturator described in claim 15 or 16, be incorporated in box container, and can by the data that are integrated in the transceiver in this obturator by mobile hard-wired fetch equipment has not been filled or unfilled container interfere with or compromise from outside, receive and read.

32. 1 kinds for reducing owing to being stored in the method for the hydrocarbon emission that vaporization, evaporation or the volatilization of liquid in box container in the box container of the vehicles of motion or that do not move or gas form, and it is characterized in that: to fill box container motion or that do not move completely according to the obturator described in any one in claim 1 to 15 or claim 18 to 20.

33. methods according to claim 32, is characterized in that: the described vehicles are land vehicle, boats and ships, spacecraft and aircraft.

34. methods according to claim 32, is characterized in that: the described box container not moving is storage box.

35. 1 kinds for reducing owing to being stored in the method for the hydrocarbon emission that vaporization, evaporation or the volatilization of liquid in box container in the box container of the vehicles of motion or that do not move or gas form, and it is characterized in that: by according to the floating obturator single or multiple lift described in claim 16 or 17 be applied on the surface of liquid of storage.

36. methods according to claim 35, is characterized in that: the described vehicles are land vehicle, boats and ships, spacecraft and aircraft.

37. methods according to claim 35, is characterized in that: the described box container not moving is storage box.

38. 1 kinds for improving stability while being subject to external mechanical influence with the container of flammable and explosive liquid and gas on chamber wall and the method for crashworthiness; it is characterized in that: to fill container to be protected completely according to the obturator described in of claim 7 to 24, and this filling is resisted from external action the pressure on chamber wall with corresponding counter-pressure.

39. 1 kinds for preventing the box container of non-forced ventilation system and designing to obtain the pipeline that vacuum-resistant and its safety valve did not lose efficacy and the method imploding of pressure vessel; it is characterized in that: to fill box container to be protected, pipeline and pressure vessel completely according to the obturator described in any one in claim 7 to 20; and emptying and produce therein negative pressure at the box container due to be protected, pipeline and pressure vessel, the obturator opposing of living in outside overvoltage of the loading atmosphere on chamber wall by external action in this case.

40. according to described in claim 39 for preventing the box container of non-forced ventilation system and designing to obtain the pipeline that vacuum-resistant and its safety valve did not lose efficacy and the method imploding of pressure vessel, it is characterized in that: described box container is the box container of oil tank car.

41. 1 kinds for filling or clean and carry out welding job on container with flammable and explosive liquid and gas and without the method for explosion danger, it is characterized in that: when maintenance work starts to fill completely according to the obturator described in any one claim 7 to 20 with container flammable and explosive liquid and gas.

42. 1 kinds of methods for reducing " the carburation by evaporation effect " of hydrogen, is characterized in that: to fill whole hydrogen tank according to the obturator described in any one in claim 7 to 20.

43. 1 kinds of methods for using chemical industry optimization, now importantly use obturator to obtain large surface area with low flow resistance, it is characterized in that: use according to the obturator described in any one in claim 7 to 20 for this reason, and by this according to the obturator described in any one in claim 7 to 20 with the form of bio-carrier level of loose charging or vertically pack in pipeline or post.

44. according to the method described in claim 43, it is characterized in that: when described method is used under vacuum and normal pressure refining, and when absorption, elution, extraction, remaining vapour condense, and when regeneration, and in washing, biological conversion, while condensing.

45. 1 kinds for preventing bacterium in box container and the method for fungi, it is characterized in that: with according to the complete filling box container of the obturator of claim 19 or 20.

46. 1 kinds of methods for reducing the fluctuation effect of the liquids and gases in the box container of the motion of aircraft, spacecraft, boats and ships and land vehicle, is characterized in that: to fill each box container completely according to the obturator described in any one in claim 7 to 20.

47. 1 kinds of box containers for the motion and standstill from fuel, chemical liquid and gas are derived the method for static, it is characterized in that: to fill box container to be protected completely according to the obturator described in any one in claim 7 to 20.

48. 1 kinds are not subject to the method for electromagnetic interference, it is characterized in that for the protection of the box container with fuel, chemical liquid and gas: to fill box container to be protected completely according to the obturator described in any one in claim 1 to 20.

49. 1 kinds for reducing, it is characterized in that: to fill box container to be protected completely according to the obturator described in any one in claim 1 to 20 with the method for the boiling liquid expanding-vapor explosion effect in the box container of LFG body with postponing.

50. 1 kinds for improving the method for loading when the blanketing gas container when the predetermined of gas container and the pressure, to fill empty box container completely according to the obturator described in any one in claim 1 to 20.

51. 1 kinds for reducing the method for liquids and gases pressure peak when with liquids and gases filling box container, it is characterized in that: to fill whole container completely according to the obturator described in any one in claim 1 to 20, and described obturator is split into multiple sub-beams by gas or liquid beam when inserting container, the reduction that causes the obvious reduction of the pressure peak in box container and therefore cause the pressure peak on container inner wall with this.

52. 1 kinds for heat or cooler bin container or pipeline in the method for liquids and gases, it is characterized in that: to fill whole container or pipeline according to the obturator described in any one in claim 1 to 20, and according at least one and cooling or heating element heater of the obturator described in any one in claim 1 to 20, have directly cooling or add thermo-contact.

53. according to described in claim 52 for heat or cooler bin container or pipeline in the method for liquids and gases, it is characterized in that: described cooling or heating element heater is positioned at box container or pipeline external, and cooling or add thermo-contact by forming through clavate or the ring shaped conductor of chamber wall or duct wall.

54. 1 kinds for heat or cooler bin container or pipeline in the method for liquids and gases, it is characterized in that: to fill whole container or pipeline according to the obturator described in any one in claim 1 to 20, and at least one of obturator heats not through chamber wall or duct wall in the situation that by the thermal source that is positioned at box container or pipeline external.

55. according to described in claim 54 for heat or cooler bin container or pipeline in the method for liquids and gases, it is characterized in that: at least one of described obturator is by induction or Microwave Field Heating.

56. 1 kinds for reducing owing to being stored in the method for the evaporation loss that the vaporization of the liquid in box container in the box container of the vehicles of motion or that do not move forms, and it is characterized in that: to fill box container motion or that do not move completely according to the obturator described in any one in claim 1 to 20.

57. according to the method described in claim 56, it is characterized in that: the described vehicles are land vehicle, boats and ships, spacecraft and aircraft.

58. according to the method described in claim 56, it is characterized in that: the described box container not moving is storage box.