CN101570699A - Gasification device for solid fuel and method for producing synthetic gas - Google Patents
Gasification device for solid fuel and method for producing synthetic gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN101570699A CN101570699A CNA200810246578XA CN200810246578A CN101570699A CN 101570699 A CN101570699 A CN 101570699A CN A200810246578X A CNA200810246578X A CN A200810246578XA CN 200810246578 A CN200810246578 A CN 200810246578A CN 101570699 A CN101570699 A CN 101570699A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Abstract
The invention provides a gasification device for solid fuel, which comprises a gasification chamber and a cooling purification chamber. A first cooling medium distributor (5) is arranged at an inlet of the cooling purification chamber, and is used for injecting a low-temperature cooling medium into high-temperature synthetic gas from the gasification chamber along the circumferential direction, thereby making the high-temperature synthetic gas cooled and removing solid impurities from the high-temperature synthetic gas. The invention also provides a method for producing synthetic gas, which comprises the steps: ensuring that the quick incomplete reaction of the solid fuel and an oxidizing agent is performed to generate the high-temperature synthetic gas; and injecting the low-temperature cooling medium into the high-temperature synthetic gas along the circumferential direction to purify the high-temperature synthetic gas and make the temperature of the high-temperature synthetic gas reduced. The device and the method improve the purity of the synthetic gas which is finally obtained by temperature reduction, impurity removal and heat recovery for multiple times; and the device has high carbon conversion rate, and also has good complementary energy and waste heat recovery effect, low water consumption and no pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the reaction of a kind of solid fuel and vaporized chemical and generate the device of synthetic gas and the method for producing synthesis gas, relate in particular to the method for coal gasification apparatus and generation synthesis gas.
Background technology
Solid fuel (mainly being coal) gasification is the direction that fuel utilizes technology, and its task is solid combustible to be converted into be convenient to incendiary inflammable gas or industrial chemicals---main component is the gas mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
Can be divided into three kinds of fixed bed, fluidized-bed and air flow bed by fuel in the flow pattern of gasification in the bed.The entrained flow gasification mode has that separate unit stove processing power is strong, coal adaptability is wide, efficiency of carbon conversion is high and advantage such as Load Regulation is good, has represented the developing direction of gasification technology from now on.
The air flow bed charging has wet method and two kinds of forms of dry method.Coal water slurry is the principal mode of wet method charging, at first need the water in the coal slurry is all gasified during owing to the coal water slurry reaction, so thermo-efficiency is not high, and temperature of reaction is lower, and the oxygen consumption is high.Dry feed is carried the dry coal powder by high pressure gas, reacts with pure oxygen or oxygen rich gas, and principal feature is that adaptability to raw material is wide, cold gas efficiency is high, efficiency of carbon conversion is high.
The entrained flow gasification district mainly contains refractory brick and water wall form.For example, Chinese patent publication number CN1775920A and Chinese patent Granted publication CN201065399Y disclose a kind of for example coal gasification reaction device of refractory brick of refractory materials that adopts.Yet firebrick structure high temperature very easily damages, and changes once even if normal circumstances also took about 1 year, changes the price height and influences ordinary production; And adopt the water wall form, and if reasonable structural arrangement can be born higher temperature of reaction, long service life, while by-product mesohigh steam, this structure can be referring to Chinese patent Granted publication CN2700718Y.
The hot mixture subsequent disposal that reaction generates mainly contains chilling process and pot destroying process.Aforementioned CN1775920A and CN201065399Y have adopted chilling process, and chilling process need consume a large amount of water, have also lost a large amount of heats in addition, generally only are suitable for the production of material gas.CN2700718Y has then adopted pot destroying process, and pot destroying process can reclaim the waste heat in the coal gas, but independent waste heat boiler need be set, and has carried a large amount of flying dusts in the heating gas and brought hidden danger for the continuous operation of waste heat boiler.
Summary of the invention
First purpose of the present invention provides a kind of novel apparatus for gasifying solid fuel.This installs not only efficiency of carbon conversion height, and the complementary energy waste heat recovery is effective, the water consumption is low, pollution-free.
This purpose is by a kind of like this apparatus for gasifying solid fuel, this device vaporizer and cooling and purifying chamber, be provided with the first coolant distribution device near described cooling and purifying chamber inlet, it is used for along the circumferential direction always the high temperature of autopneumatolysis chamber and closes gas and inject low-temperature cooling media.Along the circumferential direction the low temperature synthetic gas of Zhu Ruing mixes the back produces circumferential direction in the cooling and purifying chamber interior rotation with High Temperature Gas solid mixture from vaporizer.The melt cinder that on the one hand relies on strong convection to make to be mingled with in described high-temperature synthesis gas cooling rapidly becomes solid slag and loses viscosity, make solid particulate in the gas-solid mixture under action of centrifugal force, get rid of inner-wall surface on the other hand, and drop in the pulp water pond in action of gravity to the cooling and purifying chamber.
Preferably, the inwall of described vaporizer adopts the coil tube type water wall structure, and coil arrangement wherein comprises the main body coil pipe and the coil pipe of slagging tap.Owing to adopted split type water-cooling lining structure, can carry out adjustings such as flow according to the practical situation of operation, effectively protect water-cooling lining; therefore can bear higher gasification reaction temperature; effectively improve gasification reaction efficient, increased the time of gasification reaction simultaneously, carried the high-carbon transformation efficiency.Simultaneously, be the closed loop cycle utilization, avoid adopting water Quench mode simultaneously, therefore significantly reduced the consumption of water because main air ring is saved water.
Preferably, described cooling and purifying comprises a plurality of water wall in the chamber, and described a plurality of water wall forms the fluid channel that is used for cooling and dedusting of labyrinth-like.This labyrinth shape of fluid channel can prolong the flowing-path of synthetic gas, has fully reclaimed the waste heat in synthetic gas and the lime-ash, has realized the cascade utilization of energy, and is not only energy-conservation but also reduced high-quality power loss.
Preferably, also be provided with the second coolant distribution device in the described fluid channel, it is used for always the high-temperature synthesis gas of autopneumatolysis chamber and along the circumferential direction injects low-temperature cooling media.This set helps further making the high-temperature synthesis gas cooling, and removes the less solid impurity that wherein is mingled with.
Preferably, the cross-sectional area of described fluid channel increases gradually along the flow direction of synthetic gas.By such setting, can make synthetic gas in the cooling and purifying chamber in the process of flowing flow velocity constantly reduce, because flow velocity reduces, the impurity that is mingled with in the synthetic gas, flying dust are more prone to drop to gradually under the effect of gravity in the pulp water pond, therefore more help removal of contamination and flying dust from described synthetic gas.
Second purpose of the present invention provides a kind of method that adopts gasification installation of the present invention to produce synthesis gas.
This method comprises: make solid fuel and oxygenant that quick incomplete reaction take place, to generate high-temperature synthesis gas; In the process of handling synthetic gas, realize cooling, realize waste heat recovery by the water wall heat absorption by injecting low-temperature cooling media stage by stage; Realize that by forcing the synthesis gas eddy flow gas solid separation purifies.
Preferably, this method also comprises the fluid channel of synthetic gas by being made of the fluid cooling stave after the cooling, makes its further cooling.
Preferably, described fluid channel has the labyrinth shape.
Preferably, this method also is included in and further injects low-temperature cooling media in the described fluid channel in described synthetic gas.
Preferably, this method also comprises the velocity of flow of the synthetic gas in the fluid channel is reduced gradually.
Each step of aforesaid method has identical advantage with the relevant art feature of apparatus for gasifying solid fuel, therefore repeats no more herein.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples apparatus and method of the present invention are further specified.
Fig. 1 (a) is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 1 (b) is the layout synoptic diagram along the gas distributor of looking of the line A-A among Fig. 1 (a);
Fig. 2 (a) is an another kind of structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 (b) is the layout synoptic diagram along the gas distributor of looking of the line A-A among Fig. 2 (a);
Reference numerals list:
1. housing; 2. main body coil pipe; 3. the coil pipe of slagging tap; 4. awl dish flange; 5. the first coolant distribution device; 6. big flange; 7. the second coolant distribution device; 8. syngas outlet; 9. first water wall; 10. second water wall; 11. the 3rd water wall; 12. pulp water pond
Embodiment
To be described in detail principle of the present invention and the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings now.
Ultimate principle of the present invention is: combustiblematerials (for example coal dust) and vaporized chemical (for example oxygenant such as air, oxygen) are sprayed into the gasification zone by burner, ratio by control combustiblematerials and vaporized chemical, make (1200 ℃～2000 ℃ of temperature under both high-temperature and high-pressure conditions in the gasification zone, pressure 2Mpa～10Mpa) quick incomplete reaction takes place, high-temperature synthesis gas (main component is carbon monoxide and hydrogen), melt cinder and flying dust (main component is inorganic salt) that reaction generates flow downward by slag notch.
Coal dust and vaporized chemical enter vaporizer by the vaporizer inlet on housing 1 top, and the liner of wherein said vaporizer adopts the coil tube type water wall structure, and coil arrangement wherein is divided into the main body coil pipe 2 and 3 two parts of coil pipe of slagging tap.Water-cooling lining is divided into two portions can carry out adjustings such as flow according to the practical situation of operation, and the resistance to flow that effectively reduces in the coil pipe is protected water-cooling lining simultaneously.
For the temperature that reduces high-temperature synthesis gas effectively and take out the solid particle polluter that wherein is mingled with, the present invention has adopted along the circumferential direction and has injected the low temperature synthetic gas to described high-temperature synthesis gas, to purify described high-temperature synthesis gas and to make the method for its cooling.Foregoing invention thought can be able to concrete embodiment in apparatus for gasifying solid fuel of the present invention, referring to Fig. 1 (a).
The bottom of vaporizer has the vaporizer outlet, and reacted high-temperature synthesis gas and melt cinder, flying dust enter the cooling and purifying chamber by this outlet.The upper end of cooling and purifying chamber and vaporizer export department are provided with awl dish flange 4, and awl dish flange 4 is provided with first gas distributor 5, and (see Fig. 1 (b), wherein the number of nozzle of the first coolant distribution device 5 is 4; According to demand of practical production, described number of nozzle can be adjusted accordingly, for example 3-is many), the first coolant distribution device 5 with roughly along the circumferential direction angle and suitable speed inject low-temperature cooling media by nozzle, the low temperature that make to inject closes medium to be mixed with High Temperature Gas solid mixture from vaporizer afterwards along the interior sideway swivel of first water wall 9 of cooling and purifying chamber.The melt cinder that on the one hand relies on strong convection to make to be mingled with in described high-temperature synthesis gas cooling rapidly becomes solid slag and loses viscosity, make solid particulate in the gas-solid mixture under action of centrifugal force, get rid of inner-wall surface on the other hand to first water wall 9, and drop in the pulp water pond 12 in action of gravity, be subjected to pulp water pond inner cold water Quench.Simultaneously because the temperature of first water wall, 9 inner chambers is still higher, therefore can be so that a small amount of unreacted carbon further react with vaporized chemical, thus effectively improved the transformation efficiency of carbon.In this process, first water wall 9 can be produced mesohigh steam.
Further cool off and removal impurity in order to make through the cooled synthetic gas of the first step, method of the present invention also comprises the fluid channel of synthetic gas by being made of the fluid cooling stave after the cooling, absorbs high-temperature residual heat and makes its further cooling simultaneously; Make described fluid channel have the labyrinth shape; Preferably, this method also is included in and further injects low-temperature cooling media in the described fluid channel in described synthetic gas.
Foregoing invention thought can further be embodied in apparatus for gasifying solid fuel of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1 (a), decrease through the synthetic gas temperature behind the inner chamber of first water wall 9, removed big solid solid impurity particle substantially.Synthetic gas flows downward along the inwall of first water wall 9, turns back after impacting pulp water pond 12, upwards flows along the cavity that surrounds between second water wall 10 and first water wall 9, and temperature continues to reduce in flow process, and waste heat is reclaimed.
Synthetic gas is inboard up along second water wall 10, turns back to big flange 6 places.Have certain interval between the big flange 6 and second water wall 10, the space of synthetic gas by this interval enters by the 3rd water wall 11 and second water wall 10 in its space of defining between the two.Described big flange 6 is provided with the second coolant distribution device 7, and (see Fig. 1 (b), wherein the number of nozzle of the second coolant distribution device 5 also is 4; According to demand of practical production, described number of nozzle can be adjusted accordingly, and for example 3-is many), the second coolant distribution device 7 injects low-temperature cooling media with along the circumferential direction angle and fast speeds roughly by nozzle.Inject low-temperature cooling media and have two effects this moment, at first further reduce the temperature of synthetic gas, next makes synthetic gas produce rotation fast along the 3rd water wall 11 in flow process, less lime-ash is thrown to the wall of the 3rd water wall 11, thereby these less lime-ash drop in the slag bath in action of gravity, can remove less flying dust.In the above process, the heat that second water wall 10 is absorbed can be used for producing middle pressure steam.
The synthetic gas of rotational flow dust-removing flows downward along the 3rd water wall 11 through the second time, and after the cold water liquid level that impacts the pulp water pond, turn back, along the 3rd water wall 11 and and housing 1 between the cavity that forms upwards flow, discharge from syngas outlet 6 with suitable temperature at last, and lead to the synthetic gas aftertreatment device.In the above process, the heat that the 3rd water wall 11 is absorbed can be used for producing low-pressure saturated steam.
In order further to remove the less solid impurity in the synthesis gas, method of the present invention also comprises reduces the velocity of flow of the synthetic gas in the fluid channel gradually.
Fig. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention, and except that the diameter of the housing 1 of cooling and purifying chamber part was bigger, this embodiment was substantially the same with the embodiment of Fig. 1.
Because the diameter dimension of the cooling and purifying outdoor housing 1 among Fig. 2 is bigger, therefore can be in the cooling and purifying chamber the bigger fluid channel of stroke cross-sectional area.Wherein, all the cross-sectional area than the corresponding fluids passage among the embodiment of Fig. 1 is bigger for the cross-sectional area of the cross-sectional area of the fluid channel between second water wall 10 and the 3rd water wall 11 and the fluid channel between the 3rd water wall 11 and the housing 1.More preferably, the cross-sectional area of the fluid channel between the cross-sectional area of the fluid channel between the 3rd water wall 11 and the housing 1 and second water wall 10 and the 3rd water wall 11 is all greater than the cross-sectional area of the fluid channel between first water wall 9 and second water wall 10, and the cross-sectional area of the fluid channel between the 3rd water wall 11 and the housing 1 is greater than the cross-sectional area of the fluid channel between second water wall 10 and the 3rd water wall 11.By such setting, can make synthetic gas in the cooling and purifying chamber in the process of flowing flow velocity constantly reduce, because flow velocity reduces, the impurity that is mingled with in the synthetic gas, flying dust are more prone to drop to gradually under the effect of gravity in the pulp water pond, therefore more help removal of contamination and flying dust from described synthetic gas.
By embodiment described above as can be seen, the present invention by in stove, repeatedly remove the gred, ash disposal, effectively reduced cindery content in the synthetic gas, therefore can reduce follow-up synthetic gas treatment facility investment.And the lime-ash main component that pyroreaction generates is inorganic salt, can be used as the raw material of building products, does not produce residue contamination.
Above be described in detail in conjunction with the method for the preferred embodiments of the present invention to apparatus for gasifying solid fuel of the present invention and production synthetic gas.Yet above preferred embodiment only is an illustrative, but not scope of the present invention is limited.Under instruction of the present invention, those skilled in the art can be to apparatus and method of the present invention various conspicuous modifications and variations in addition.Scope of the present invention should be determined that the scheme of present invention further optimization is determined by dependent claims by independent claim.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of apparatus for gasifying solid fuel, it comprises vaporizer and cooling and purifying chamber, it is characterized in that, be provided with the first coolant distribution device (5) near described cooling and purifying chamber inlet, it is used for along the circumferential direction always the high temperature of autopneumatolysis chamber and closes gas and inject low-temperature cooling media.
2, apparatus for gasifying solid fuel according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the inwall of described vaporizer adopts the coil tube type water wall structure, and coil arrangement wherein comprises main body coil pipe (2) and the coil pipe of slagging tap (3).
3, apparatus for gasifying solid fuel according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, comprises a plurality of water wall (9,10,11) in the described cooling and purifying chamber, and described a plurality of water wall forms the fluid channel that is used for cooling and dedusting of labyrinth-like.
4, apparatus for gasifying solid fuel according to claim 3 is characterized in that, also is provided with the second coolant distribution device (7) in the described fluid channel, and it is used for always the high-temperature synthesis gas of autopneumatolysis chamber and along the circumferential direction injects the low temperature synthetic gas.
5, according to claim 3 or 4 described apparatus for gasifying solid fuel, it is characterized in that the cross-sectional area of described fluid channel increases gradually along the flow direction of synthetic gas.
6, a kind of method of producing synthesis gas is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
Make solid fuel and oxygenant that quick incomplete reaction take place, to generate high-temperature synthesis gas;
Along the circumferential direction inject low-temperature cooling media, to purify described high-temperature synthesis gas and to make its cooling to described high-temperature synthesis gas.
7, method according to claim 6 also comprises the fluid channel of synthetic gas by being made of the fluid cooling stave after the cooling, makes its further cooling.
8, method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described fluid channel has the labyrinth shape.
9, according to claim 7 or 8 described methods, it is characterized in that, also be included in and in described synthetic gas, further inject low-temperature cooling media in the described fluid channel.
10, according to each described method among the claim 7-9, it is characterized in that, also comprise the velocity of flow of the synthetic gas in the fluid channel is reduced gradually.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200810246578XA CN101570699B (en) | 2008-12-29 | 2008-12-29 | Gasification device for solid fuel and method for producing synthetic gas |
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| CN200810246578XA CN101570699B (en) | 2008-12-29 | 2008-12-29 | Gasification device for solid fuel and method for producing synthetic gas |
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| CN101570699A true CN101570699A (en) | 2009-11-04 |
| CN101570699B CN101570699B (en) | 2013-02-13 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101845307A (en) * | 2010-06-02 | 2010-09-29 | 北京硕人海泰能源环境技术研究院 | Energy-saving and emission-reducing device for coke dry quenching and energy-saving and emission-reducing coking process using same |
| CN103146434A (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2013-06-12 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Multi-nozzle entrained-flow bed gasification furnace |
| CN104263414A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2015-01-07 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | Integrated coal gasification waste heat recovery device |
| CN104650988A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2015-05-27 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | Carbon-containing substance reaction system and method |
| CN108342227A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-07-31 | 北京迈未科技有限公司 | A kind of synthesis gas heat recovering device and recovery method and gasification furnace |
Family Cites Families (6)
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| CN2349502Y (en) * | 1998-07-29 | 1999-11-17 | 中国科学院化工冶金研究所 | Smokeless coal boiler capable of inhibiting nitrogen oxide emission by adding coal at middle part and buring at two sides |
| CN1417302A (en) * | 2001-10-29 | 2003-05-14 | 任相坤 | New-type dry coal powder gas flow bed pressurizing gasifying furnace |
| CN2619938Y (en) * | 2003-05-12 | 2004-06-09 | 西北化工研究院 | Semi-water cooled wall type multiple pulp gasifying furnace |
| CN2898030Y (en) * | 2006-04-29 | 2007-05-09 | 中国成达工程公司 | Wall water-cooling coal slurry gasifier |
| US9051522B2 (en) * | 2006-12-01 | 2015-06-09 | Shell Oil Company | Gasification reactor |
| CN1994865B (en) * | 2006-12-12 | 2011-05-18 | 华东理工大学 | Gasification device for two-stage gasification coupled with heat recovery and washing and its uses |
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- 2008-12-29 CN CN200810246578XA patent/CN101570699B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101845307A (en) * | 2010-06-02 | 2010-09-29 | 北京硕人海泰能源环境技术研究院 | Energy-saving and emission-reducing device for coke dry quenching and energy-saving and emission-reducing coking process using same |
| CN103146434A (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2013-06-12 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Multi-nozzle entrained-flow bed gasification furnace |
| CN103146434B (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2014-11-12 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Multi-nozzle entrained-flow bed gasification furnace |
| CN104650988A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2015-05-27 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | Carbon-containing substance reaction system and method |
| WO2015074591A1 (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2015-05-28 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | Carbonaceous substance reaction system and method |
| US9926502B2 (en) | 2013-11-25 | 2018-03-27 | Changzheng Engineering Co., Ltd. | Carbonaceous substance gasification system and method |
| CN104263414A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2015-01-07 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | Integrated coal gasification waste heat recovery device |
| CN108342227A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-07-31 | 北京迈未科技有限公司 | A kind of synthesis gas heat recovering device and recovery method and gasification furnace |
| WO2019196497A1 (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2019-10-17 | 北京迈未科技有限公司 | Synthesis-gas sensible heat recovery apparatus and recovery method, and gasifier |
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