CN105087835B - System and method for recycling high-temperature slag waste heat in coal gasification manner - Google Patents
System and method for recycling high-temperature slag waste heat in coal gasification manner Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and method for recycling high-temperature slag waste heat in a coal gasification manner. The method includes the steps that high-temperature slag enters a rotating cup granulation device through a slag chute to be granulated, and high-temperature slag particles with the diameter smaller than 5 mm are formed; when the slag particles are thrown out of a rotating cup and fall, the slag particles encounter pulverized coal sprayed in through pulverized coal spraying guns arranged on a slag particle collector to form high-temperature slag particles wrapped by the pulverized coal; the high-temperature slag particles wrapped by the pulverized coal fall into a primary cooling system, the pulverized coal and a gasifying agent are heated by the high-temperature slag particles, have a reaction and are gasified, heat is absorbed in the reaction process, the high-temperature slag particles are rapidly cooled into glass slag, the glass slag temperature is controlled at 800-900 DEG C, and the glass slag is discharged out of the primary cooling system; and the pulverized coal and the gasifying agent react to generate coal gas, and the generated coal gas enters a coal gas heat exchanger through a coal gas purifier and finally enters a coal gas storage tank. Energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved for steel enterprises, and great environment benefits and economic benefits are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of metallurgy, and in particular to a kind of coal gasification reclaims the system and method for high-temperature slag waste heat.
Background technology
Blast furnace slag is the principal by product during molten iron smelting, often smelts the height that the 1t pig iron about produces 300~350kg
Slag, calculates according to the t of China's year pig iron annual production 563160000, produces the quantity of slag up to 197,100,000 t.Blast furnace slag tapping temperature about 1450
DEG C, slag per ton contains the heat equivalent to 60kg standard coals.Carry out the treatment of blast furnace slag and effectively reclaim melting slag waste heat, be steel
The effective way of industry energy-saving consumption reduction.The method for the treatment of blast furnace slag common both at home and abroad is mainly flush slag method at present.Although punching
Slag technique is constantly developing, but the core of its technology still carries out water spray water quenching to blast furnace cinder, cools down, is granulated into grain slag,
Then grain slag separation is carried out, the water of flushing cinder is recycled after precipitating filtering.Flush slag method cannot fundamentally change grain
The process characteristic of slugging water consumption, slag physical thermal is substantially all to be scattered and disappeared, SO during flushing cinder2、H2The discharge of the pollutants such as S is not only
Influence operating environment and air is polluted.In terms of blast furnace slag waste heat recovery, blast furnace slag quenching water residual heat heating is only limitted to,
Waste heat recovery rate is low, and only 10% or so.How effectively to reclaim high under conditions of the follow-up use value of high-temperature slag is not influenceed
Warm melting slag waste heat, while reducing the resource consumption in processing procedure, reduces pollution to environment, urgently to be resolved hurrily is asked as one
Topic.
China is the country of the few gas of coal more than, and energy resource structure feature causes Domestic Environment pollution problem increasingly serious, and
The gases such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen that coal gasification is obtained can be used as clean fuel gas and use, also can be used as metallurgical reduction gas, will
Metal oxide is reduced to metal simple-substance.
Gas-based shaft kiln is the mainstream technology of world today's DRI production.But due to China's natural gas shortage of resources and
Expensive, the production base that the high-grade pelletizing of DRI production is supplied in addition is not yet formed, therefore, China is so far
A gas-based shaft kiln process units is not built up also.
The content of the invention
Present invention aim at the system and method for providing coal gasification recovery high-temperature slag waste heat, after blast furnace slag is not influenceed
Coal dust gasification is carried out using blast-furnace cement sensible heat on the basis of continuous use, realizes that the waste heat of blast furnace slag is efficiently utilized, promote steel enterprise
Industry energy-saving and emission-reduction, cost efficiency.
It is as follows using technical scheme to reach above-mentioned purpose：
The system that coal gasification reclaims high-temperature slag, including slag granulating system, primary cooling system, secondary cooling system,
Coal gas collection system；
Slag granulating system is made up of slag chute, revolving cup pelletizer, grain slag collector, pulverized coal gun；Several coal dusts
Spray gun is uniformly arranged along grain slag collector circumferencial direction, and lance ejection angle is with center line into 90~45 °；
Grain slag primary cooling system is made up of pulverized coal gun, carrier gas reservoir and a cooler；Several pulverized coal gun edges
No. one time cooler circumferencial direction is uniformly arranged, and into 90~45 °, grain slag primary cooling system enters for lance ejection angle and center line
Cinder notch is connected with the slag notch of slag granulating system；
Coal gas collection system is by gas purifier, gas change heater, gas holder composition；Slag granulating system and grain slag one
The coal gas for obtaining is reacted in secondary cooling system to be discharged by the upper end of slag particle collector, is passed sequentially through gas purifier, coal gas and is changed
Hot device enters gas holder；
Secondary cooling system is made up of dress slag device, recoler, air-blast device, hot-air deduster, waste heat boiler；Dress
Slag device upper and lower ends are communicated with a cooler and recoler respectively, and air-blast device feeding cold air enters with from dress slag device
Slag in recoler meets, and cold air enters hot-air deduster dedusting after being heated, and water is produced by waste heat boiler
Steam.
The method for reclaiming high-temperature slag using the coal gasification of said system, comprises the following steps：
High-temperature slag is granulated by slag chute into revolving cup pelletizer, forms high temperature slag particle of the diameter less than 5mm；
During the flying of revolving cup is thrown away, the coal dust phase that the pulverized coal gun set on slag particle and slag particle collector is sprayed into
Meet, form the high temperature slag particle wrapped up by coal dust；Coal dust is with gasifying agent as carrier gas；
Primary cooling system is fallen into by the high temperature slag particle that coal dust is wrapped up, coal dust and gasifying agent are issued in the heating of high temperature slag particle
Raw reaction is simultaneously gasified, and course of reaction heat absorption high temperature slag particle is cooled rapidly to form glass dregs, 800-900 DEG C of control glass dregs temperature
Discharge primary cooling system；
Coal dust and the coal gas of gasifying agent reaction generation enter gas change heater through gas purifier, finally enter coal gas storage
Tank；
Glass dregs discharge primary cooling system enters secondary cooling system, and in secondary cooling system, glass dregs are blasted
Cold air further cool down, cold air be heated discharge secondary cooling system, after hot-air deduster enter waste heat boiler
Steam, grain slag is produced to be cooled to less than 50 DEG C and discharge.
By such scheme, the gasifying agent is the mixing of vapor, carbon dioxide or both.
By such scheme, the vapor that the waste heat boiler is produced is directly used in coal dust carrier gas.
Principle of the invention mainly uses coal dust a large amount of heat absorptions in gasification to be cured to the heat of high-temperature slag
In coal gas, while coal gasification endothermic process quickly cools down high-temperature slag, prevent slag particle from crystallizing, beneficial to forming glass dregs.From biography
The angle analysis of heat, blast furnace slag is granulated into particle slag of the diameter less than 5mm first, and slag particle surface temperature is differed with central temperature
Nearly 300 DEG C, the larger temperature difference is formd, increase heat transfer area, for slag rapid cooling provides advantage；Meanwhile, coal gasification
Course of reaction is a process for a large amount of heat absorptions, and its reactional equation is as follows：
C+CO2=2CO 173.4KJ/mole
C+H2O=H2+CO 131KJ/mole
A large amount of heat absorptions of coal gasification reaction make high temperature grain slag temperature reduce rapidly, hinder the formation of crystal in slag particle, are beneficial to
Glass dregs are formed, heat-conductive characteristic is poor in itself to solve slag, and dry calibration is difficult the problem of rapid cooling.Meanwhile, collected in slag particle
Pulverized coal gun is set on device, and the blast furnace grain slag after revolving cup granulation is wrapped up by coal dust, slag particle efficiently solved and is once cooled down falling into
The problem of bonding is produced after device.From the angle analysis of slag crystallization kinetics, blast furnace cinder cooling procedure can be divided into three warm areas,
More than 1350 DEG C of liquid phase region, 900-1350 DEG C of crystal region, less than 900 DEG C of solid phase area.Therefore, need to be in slag crystallization temperature area
Quickly cooled down in (900-1350 DEG C), control slag crystallization forms glass dregs.The angle analysis for chemically reacting, coal gasification is anti-
The started temperature answered is more than 900 DEG C, and high temperature grain slag temperature is 1350 DEG C or so, it is ensured that coal gasification reaction effectively enters
OK.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows for enterprise brings huge environmental benefit and economic benefit, to iron and steel enterprise
Realize that target for energy-saving and emission-reduction is significant.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1：Coal gasification reclaims the device of the technique of high-temperature slag；
1- slag chutes；2- revolving cup pelletizers；3- pulverized coal guns；4- slag particle collectors；5- gas exits；6- gas purifications
Device；7- gas change heaters；8- gas holders；Cooler of 9-；10- fills slag device；11- recolers；12- air-blast devices；
13- hot-air dedusters；14- waste heat boilers.
Specific embodiment
Following examples further explain technical scheme but not as limiting the scope of the invention.
The system that coal gasification reclaims high-temperature slag, referring to the drawings shown in 1, including slag granulating system, primary cooling system,
Secondary cooling system, coal gas collection system；
Slag granulating system is made up of slag chute 1, revolving cup pelletizer 2, grain slag collector 4, pulverized coal gun 3；Several
Pulverized coal gun 3 is uniformly arranged along the circumferencial direction of grain slag collector 4, and lance ejection angle is with center line into 90~45 °；
Grain slag primary cooling system is made up of pulverized coal gun 3, carrier gas reservoir and a cooler 9；Several pulverized coal guns 3
It is uniformly arranged along a circumferencial direction of cooler 9, lance ejection angle and center line are into 90~45 °, grain slag primary cooling system
The cinder notch that enters connected with the slag notch of slag granulating system；
Reduction gas control system includes gas purifier 6, gas change heater 7, gas storage tank 8；Itself and slag granulating system
The top of system communicates, and the gas that reaction is obtained passes sequentially through gas purifier 6, gas change heater 7, gas storage tank 8 and stores
Come；
Secondary cooling system is by dress slag device 10, recoler 11, air-blast device 12, hot-air deduster 13, waste heat pot
Stove 14 is constituted；The upper and lower ends of dress slag device 10 are communicated with a cooler 9 and recoler 11 respectively, and air-blast device sends into cold sky
Gas meets with from dress slag device into the slag in recoler, and cold air enters hot-air deduster dedusting after being heated, and leads to
Cross waste heat boiler and produce vapor.
The method that coal gasification reclaims high-temperature slag waste heat, referring to the drawings shown in 1, high-temperature slag enters by slag chute 1
Revolving cup pelletizer 2 is granulated, and forms high temperature slag particle of the diameter less than 5mm, during the flying of revolving cup is thrown away, slag particle and slag
The coal dust that the pulverized coal gun 3 set on grain collector 4 is sprayed into meets (with gasifying agent as carrier gas), forms the high temperature wrapped up by coal dust
Slag particle, the grain slag for carrying coal dust is trapped by collector, falls into cooler 9 of a slag, and in a cooler 9, coal dust is gentle
Agent is heated by high temperature slag particle, and gasification reaction occurs after reaching gasification temperature, and because gasification reaction largely absorbs heat, high temperature slag particle exists
It is cooled rapidly during coal dust gasification, forms glass dregs, glass dregs temperature control is cooling system of 800-900 DEG C of discharge
System, recoler 11 is entered by filling slag device 10.
The coal gas of gasification reaction generation is discharged from gas exit 5, and gas change heater 7 is entered through gas purifier 6, most laggard
Enter gas storage tank 8.
In recoler 11, glass dregs are further cooled down by the cold air that air-blast device 12 is blasted, and cold air is added
Heat discharge recoler, enters waste heat boiler 14 after hot-air deduster 13, produces steam to be used as to generate electricity, and grain slag is cooled
Discharged to less than 50 DEG C.
As a example by processing one ton of blast furnace cinder, using CO2As gasifying agent, thermal balance meter is carried out to primary cooling system
Calculate.Heat income item is blast furnace cinder sensible heat, and heat expenditure item includes that coal dust decomposes heat dissipation, CO2Gas heating heat dissipation, CO gases show
Heat, CO chemical heats and coal gasification chemical reaction heat.One ton of blast furnace cinder can be obtained according to heat Balance Calculation and be cooled to 900 DEG C from liquid
The heat of release can make 9.85kg carbon gasifications, consume 18.4m3CO2, produces 36.8m3CO.Primary cooling system heat exchange efficiency reaches
75%.For secondary cooling system, it is considered to which deslagging temperature is 50 DEG C, system heat loss is that 10%, 1kg blast furnace slags can be produced through heat exchange
Raw 600 DEG C of hot-air 1.035m3, the thermal efficiency is 85%.As a example by producing 10000000 tons of pig iron iron-smelters per year, blast furnace slag 350 is produced per year
Ten thousand tons, 3.45 ten thousand tons of slag coal for gasification consumes CO2Total 0.6 billion cubic meter, produces total 1.2 billion cubic meters of CO, produces
600 DEG C of billion cubic meters of hot-air 36, are that enterprise brings huge environmental benefit and economic benefit, realize that energy-conservation subtracts to iron and steel enterprise
Row's target is significant.
As a example by processing one ton of blast furnace cinder, using vapor as gasifying agent, by above method blast furnace cinder per ton
Produce H2About 19m3, produce CO about 19m3, produce electric energy 80kwh.
As a example by processing one ton of blast furnace cinder, using vapor and CO2Gaseous mixture is used as gasifying agent, gaseous mixture volume ratio 1:
1.H is produced by above method blast furnace cinder per ton2About 9.5m3, produce CO about 28m3, produce electric energy 80kwh.
Claims (3)
1. the method for reclaiming high-temperature slag waste heat, comprises the following steps：
High-temperature slag is granulated by slag chute into revolving cup pelletizer, forms high temperature slag particle of the diameter less than 5mm；
During the flying of revolving cup is thrown away, the coal dust that the pulverized coal gun set on slag particle and slag particle collector is sprayed into meets, shape
Into the high temperature slag particle wrapped up by coal dust；Coal dust is with gasifying agent as carrier gas；
Primary cooling system is fallen into by the high temperature slag particle that coal dust is wrapped up, coal dust and gasifying agent occur instead under the heating of high temperature slag particle
Should simultaneously gasify, course of reaction heat absorption high temperature slag particle is cooled rapidly to form glass dregs, the 800-900 DEG C of discharge of control glass dregs temperature
Primary cooling system；
Coal dust and the coal gas of vapor reaction generation enter gas change heater through gas purifier, finally enter gas storage tank；
Glass dregs discharge primary cooling system enters secondary cooling system, and in secondary cooling system, it is cold that glass dregs are blasted
Air is further cooled down, and cold air is heated discharge secondary cooling system, is produced into waste heat boiler after hot-air deduster
Steam, grain slag is cooled to less than 50 DEG C and discharges；
Wherein, the method for reclaiming high-temperature slag waste heat is completed using following system：
The system includes slag granulating system, primary cooling system, secondary cooling system, coal gas collection system；
Slag granulating system is made up of slag chute, revolving cup pelletizer, grain slag collector, pulverized coal gun；Several pulverized coal guns
It is uniformly arranged along grain slag collector circumferencial direction, lance ejection angle is with center line into 90~45 °；
Grain slag primary cooling system is made up of pulverized coal gun, carrier gas reservoir and a cooler；Several pulverized coal guns are along once
Cooler circumferencial direction is uniformly arranged, and into 90~45 °, grain slag primary cooling system enters cinder notch for lance ejection angle and center line
Slag notch with slag granulating system is connected；
Coal gas collection system is by gas purifier, gas change heater, gas holder composition；Slag granulating system and grain slag are once cold
But the coal gas for obtaining is reacted in system to be discharged by the upper end of slag particle collector, passes sequentially through gas purifier, gas change heater
Into gas holder；
Secondary cooling system is made up of dress slag device, recoler, air-blast device, hot-air deduster, waste heat boiler；Dress slag device
Upper and lower ends are communicated with a cooler and recoler respectively, and air-blast device sends into cold air and enters secondary with from dress slag device
Slag in cooler meets, and cold air enters hot-air deduster dedusting after being heated, and vapor is produced by waste heat boiler.
2. the method for reclaiming high-temperature slag waste heat as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the gasifying agent is vapor, dioxy
Change the mixing of carbon or both.
3. the method for reclaiming high-temperature slag waste heat as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the water that the waste heat boiler is produced steams
Gas is directly used in coal dust carrier gas.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106498103B (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2018-11-27 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of device of high-temperature slag physico-chemical process heat recovery |
| CN109777519B (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2021-02-05 | 东北大学 | Blast furnace slag waste heat driving gasification reaction system |
| CN109880653B (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2020-09-15 | 东北大学 | Preparation method and system of hydrogen-rich synthesis gas driven by residual heat of molten slag |
| CN111719026A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-09-29 | 南京工业大学 | A high temperature slag waste heat recovery device based on coal gasification method |
| CN113262861B (en) * | 2021-05-09 | 2023-06-09 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for preparing stabilizer by pulverizing high-temperature slag through temperature control internal stress and application |
| CN113981159A (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2022-01-28 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Hydrogen-rich smelting system and method utilizing waste heat of blast furnace slag |
| CN114737000B (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2023-12-08 | 无锡红旗除尘设备有限公司 | Blast furnace slag treatment and waste heat recovery method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101597658B (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2010-12-08 | 东北大学 | A blast furnace slag coal gasification system and method |
| GB2500039A (en) * | 2012-03-08 | 2013-09-11 | Siemens Plc | Rotary slag granulator with an annular metal disc and central cylinder containing plug of refractory material |
| CN102643936B (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2013-06-26 | 东北大学 | Steel slag granulation, modification, sensible heat recovery integrated system and process method |
| CN102690910B (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2013-12-18 | 四川川润股份有限公司 | Dry-method treatment and waste heat continuous utilization system for blast-furnace slag |
| CN102766707B (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2013-09-25 | 北京科技大学 | Blast furnace slag residual heat utilization system based on coal gasification principle |
| CN102766706B (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2014-05-07 | 北京科技大学 | Coal gasification system for waste heat of blast furnace slag |
| CN103014202B (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2015-04-29 | 东北大学 | Device and method for recovering high-temperature sensible heat of liquid blast furnace slag |
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