CN111719026A - High-temperature slag waste heat recovery device based on coal gasification method - Google Patents
High-temperature slag waste heat recovery device based on coal gasification method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 37
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
- C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
- C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/80—Other features with arrangements for preheating the blast or the water vapour
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
- C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
- C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
- C21B3/08—Cooling slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0973—Water
- C10J2300/0976—Water as steam
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
- C21B2400/02—Physical or chemical treatment of slags
- C21B2400/022—Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag
- C21B2400/024—Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag with the direct use of steam or liquid coolants, e.g. water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
- C21B2400/05—Apparatus features
- C21B2400/052—Apparatus features including rotating parts
- C21B2400/056—Drums whereby slag is poured on or in between
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
- C21B2400/08—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes with energy recovery
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-temperature molten slag waste heat recovery device based on a coal gasification method, which comprises a primary heat recovery system and a secondary heat recovery system, wherein the primary heat recovery system comprises a molten slag groove, a rotary drum granulator and a sleeve, high-temperature liquid molten slag falls into the center of the rotary drum granulator through the molten slag groove to be granulated to obtain molten slag liquid drops, the molten slag liquid drops are mixed with coal powder jetted from the top of the sleeve and steam entering from the lower part of the sleeve, the coal powder is gasified to generate synthesis gas, and the molten slag liquid drops release heat and are solidified into molten slag particles; the secondary heat recovery system comprises a rotary drum and a particle collecting tank, solidified slag particles enter the rotary drum through a chute and then are contacted with atomized water injected from the lower part of the rotary drum, the slag particles further release heat and are cooled, the atomized water absorbs heat of the slag particles to generate steam to complete secondary heat recovery, and the slag particles enter the rotary drum to complete raw material recovery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgical slag waste heat utilization, and relates to a coal gasification device for recovering blast furnace slag waste heat.
Background
The iron and steel industry is an important basic industry for national economic development, the energy consumption of the iron and steel industry accounts for about 15 percent of the total national energy consumption, the blast furnace slag is a main byproduct of the iron and steel industry, the tapping temperature is 1450-1550 ℃, the high-quality waste heat is rich, about 300kg of the blast furnace slag is generated when 1 ton of pig iron is produced, the data is published by the national statistical bureau, about 80936.5 ten thousand tons of pig iron are produced in 2019, 3831.1 ten thousand tons of pig iron are increased compared with the last year, the yield of the blast furnace slag is about 2.43 hundred million tons, and if the high-quality heat carried by the blast furnace slag is utilized at 70 percent of efficiency, about 4.38 × 10 is rather recovered8The heat of GJ can save nearly 1480 ten thousand tons of standard coal every year, and the emission of greenhouse gases, sulfur dioxide and other atmospheric pollutants is reduced by about 2200 ten thousand tons. Therefore, the efficient recovery of the blast furnace slag waste heat has important significance for improving the energy utilization rate of the steel industry and building an environment-friendly society.
At present, the most widely applied slag heat recovery method is a dry physical waste heat recovery process, and high-temperature steam can be generated by using slag waste heat. However, the process has the problems of high fire consumption, low heat exchange efficiency and the like, and a more efficient waste heat recovery method is urgently needed to be found. With the development of modern technologies, clean and efficient coal gasification technology becomes energy-saving and emission-reducing technology with development potential. The coal gasification process includes partial oxidation and reduction reactions, and partial coal combustion is required to provide heat required by gasification so as to ensure the reaction. If the blast furnace slag waste heat recovery and the coal gasification technology are combined, the comprehensive recovery of high-quality heat carried by the slag and the fuel consumption saving in the coal gasification process can be realized, and the method has important significance for meeting the requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction in the ferrous metallurgy industry and enhancing the popularization of the coal clean utilization technology.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of the dry physical waste heat recovery process, the invention aims to: the device for recovering the residual heat of the molten slag by using the coal gasification method is provided, and the heat required by the coal gasification reaction and the steam production is provided by the blast furnace slag so as to realize the heat recovery of the high-temperature slag.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a coal gasification device for recovering waste heat of blast furnace slag comprises a primary heat recovery system and a secondary heat recovery system, wherein the primary heat recovery system is connected with the secondary heat recovery system through a chute;
the primary heat recovery system comprises a slag groove, a rotary drum granulator and a sleeve, high-temperature liquid slag falls in the center of the rotary drum granulator through the slag groove to be granulated to obtain slag liquid drops, the slag liquid drops are mixed with coal powder sprayed from the top of the sleeve and steam entering from the lower part of the sleeve, the coal powder is gasified to generate synthesis gas, and the slag liquid drops release heat and are solidified into slag particles;
the secondary heat recovery system comprises a rotary drum and a particle collecting tank, solidified slag particles enter the rotary drum through a sliding groove and then are in contact with atomized water injected from the lower part of the rotary drum, the slag particles further release heat to be cooled, the atomized water absorbs heat of the slag particles to generate steam to complete secondary heat recovery, and the slag particles enter to complete raw material recovery.
Furthermore, the primary heat recovery system also comprises a pulverized coal groove, a water vapor storage tank, a gas-solid separator, an air cooler and a synthesis gas storage tank, the top of the sleeve is respectively connected with the pulverized coal groove, the slag groove and the gas-solid separator, the rotary drum granulator is arranged inside the sleeve and is connected with the slag groove, and the lower part of the sleeve is respectively connected with the water vapor storage tank and the secondary heat recovery system.
Furthermore, the granulator is cylindrical, a plurality of nozzles are arranged on the lower portion of the side of the cylinder and are arranged in a multi-layer mode at equal intervals, and a heat insulation coating is arranged on the outer side of the granulator. The sleeve is divided into a rotating part and a fixed part. Wherein, the rotating part is the inner tube, and the fixed part is the urceolus, and the urceolus includes sleeve top and bottom, is high temperature resistant material. The rotating part of the sleeve is connected with the fixed part of the sleeve through a roller bearing. And carrying out heat insulation treatment on the surface of the outer cylinder. And discharging the synthesis gas obtained by the reaction from the upper part of the sleeve, passing through a gas-solid separator and an air cooler, collecting the synthesis gas in a storage tank, and recycling the separated coal dust particles and water vapor.
Further, a high-pressure air pump is arranged between the gas-solid separator and the sleeve, a valve is arranged between the gas-solid separator and the pulverized coal groove, high-pressure valves are respectively arranged between the air cooler and the gas-solid separator and between the air cooler and the synthetic gas storage tank, and a first pressure gauge is arranged on the synthetic gas storage tank.
Furthermore, the secondary heat recovery system further comprises a steam storage tank, a steam purifier, an atomization water tank and a baffle plate, the upper end of the rotary cylinder is connected with the sliding groove and the steam purifier respectively, the lower end of the rotary cylinder is connected with the particle collecting tank and the atomization water tank respectively, a second pressure gauge is arranged on the steam storage tank, one end of the steam storage tank is connected with the sliding groove, the other end of the steam storage tank is connected with the steam purifier, and a high-pressure air pump is arranged between the rotary cylinder and the steam purifier.
Furthermore, the side surface of the rotary cylinder is connected with the top and the bottom of the rotary cylinder through sealing roller bearings, the top and the bottom of the rotary cylinder are fixed, the side surface of the rotary cylinder rotates, and a spiral baffle plate is arranged in the rotary cylinder.
Furthermore, the plane of each spiral baffle plate is one fourth of a circle, the plane consists of two straight edges and an arc edge, the plane is provided with two rows of circular notches arranged along the radial direction, and each spiral baffle plate period consists of four spiral baffle plates; the arrangement mode of two adjacent spiral baffle plates in each spiral baffle plate period is the same, and the arrangement mode of two adjacent baffle plates in each spiral baffle plate period is the same as that of the adjacent baffle plates in each period.
Furthermore, included angles between a connecting line of each row of notches in the two rows of circular notches and the same straight edge are respectively 30 degrees and 60 degrees, the central points of the sides clamped by the straight edges of the baffle plates are all positioned on the rotation central line of the cavity, and the central points of the sides clamped by the straight edges and the arc edges of the adjacent baffle plates are overlapped and arranged into an approximately continuous spiral baffle plate.
The chute is connected with the fixed part of the lower part of the outer cylinder of the sleeve, particles after slag granulation enter the rotary cylinder through the chute, move along the baffle plate, exchange heat with atomized water sprayed and entering from the lower part of the rotary cylinder, and vapor is discharged from the upper part of the rotary cylinder, enters the steam collector after separation and purification or enters the sleeve through the valve. The collected slag particles can be used for material recovery.
The process and the principle of the high-temperature liquid slag waste heat recovery are as follows:
high-temperature liquid slag is drained by a slag groove, injected from the upper part of the right center of the rotating drum granulator, falls on the center of the rotating disc rotating at a high speed, and then flows into a nozzle on the side surface of the rotating drum, and the slag is pressed into the nozzle to be sprayed out under the action of centrifugal force. Since the direction of the centrifugal force is consistent with the movement direction of the slag, the centrifugal force can be directly used as slag splashing pressure.
The liquid drops thrown out of the granulator are mixed with the pulverized coal sprayed from the pulverized coal inlet arranged at the top of the sleeve in the flying process. Under the condition of rotation, the coal powder particles are scattered in the inner cylinder space, mixed with the liquid drops and attached to the surface of the slag liquid drops. The water vapor entering from the lower part of the sleeve rises to contact with the slag wrapped by the pulverized coal. Under the condition that molten slag droplets provide heat and steam is used as a gasifying agent, the pulverized coal is gasified to generate synthesis gas to complete primary heat recovery, and the droplets release heat and are rapidly solidified. The slag droplets are solidified into particles and then impact the wall surface of the rotating inner cylinder and rebound, the flight time of the particles in the sleeve space is prolonged, and the same particles provide heat to complete multiple coal gasification processes. And separating the collected gas mixture, conveying the obtained synthesis gas outwards for utilization, reusing the separated coal dust particles, and discharging the condensed water vapor.
The slag particles falling into the chute enter the rotary drum for secondary heat recovery. Atomized water sprayed from the lower part of the rotary drum absorbs heat of slag particles and generates water vapor which is discharged from the upper part of the rotary drum to a water vapor separator to separate out slag micro particles or dust, and the purified water vapor enters the sleeve to be used as a gasifying agent or enters a water vapor storage tank. The flow of the water vapor entering the sleeve is controlled by a valve.
Slag particles after waste heat recovery fall into the particle collecting tank and can be used as cement raw materials.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) multilevel full utilization of high-temperature liquid slag resources, sectional recovery of slag waste heat, high particle size and high added value of obtained particles.
(2) The inner cylinder of the sleeve rotates to enable the pulverized coal sprayed from the wall surface of the inner cylinder to be more uniformly dispersed in the space of the sleeve, and meanwhile, the flight time of slag particles after impacting the wall surface of the inner cylinder is increased, so that the heat recovery efficiency is enhanced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the high-temperature slag waste heat recovery device according to this embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the spiral baffle structure of the present embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the spiral baffle of the present embodiment.
Wherein, the primary heat recovery system 001 and the secondary heat recovery system 002;
the system comprises a pulverized coal tank 1, a slag tank 2, high-pressure air pumps (3,19), valves (4,11,12,14,16, 17, 23,34 and 35), a gas-solid separator 5, high-pressure valves (6 and 8), an air cooler 7, a first pressure gauge 9 and a synthetic gas storage tank 10;
a sealed roller bearing 20, a pressure valve (27), a chute 28, an outer cylinder 29, an inner cylinder 30, a water-cooling layer 31, a nozzle 32 and a rotary drum granulator 33;
the device comprises a second pressure gauge 13, water vapor storage tanks (15,26), a steam purifier 18, a sealing roller bearing 20, a particle collecting tank 21, an atomization water tank 22, a baffle plate 24 and a rotary cylinder 25.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
10. As shown in fig. 1, the coal gasification apparatus for recovering blast furnace slag waste heat according to the present invention includes a primary heat recovery system 001 and a secondary heat recovery system 002, wherein the primary heat recovery system 001 is connected to the secondary heat recovery system 002 through a chute 28;
the primary heat recovery system 001 comprises a slag groove 2, a rotary drum granulator 33 and a sleeve, high-temperature liquid slag falls in the center of the rotary drum granulator 33 through the slag groove 2 to be granulated to obtain slag droplets, the slag droplets are mixed with coal powder sprayed from the top of the sleeve and steam entering the lower portion of the sleeve, the coal powder is gasified to generate synthesis gas, and the slag droplets release heat and are solidified into slag particles;
the secondary heat recovery system 002 comprises a rotary drum 25 and a particle collecting tank 21, solidified slag particles enter the rotary drum 25 through a chute 28 and then contact atomized water injected from the lower part of the rotary drum 25, the slag particles are further cooled by heat release, the atomized water absorbs heat of the slag particles to generate steam to complete secondary heat recovery, and the slag particles enter to complete raw material recovery.
The primary heat recovery system 001 further comprises a pulverized coal tank 1, a steam storage tank 26, a gas-solid separator 5, an air cooler 7 and a synthesis gas storage tank 10, the top of the sleeve is respectively connected with the pulverized coal tank 1, a slag tank 2 and the gas-solid separator 5, the rotary drum granulator 33 is arranged inside the sleeve and is connected with the slag tank, and the lower portion of the sleeve is respectively connected with the steam storage tank 26 and the secondary heat recovery system.
In the primary heat recovery system 001, the sleeve is divided into an outer cylinder 29 and an inner cylinder 30. The outer barrel 29 is fixed and includes a barrel top, bottom and outer sides. The inner cylinder 30 rotates. A water cooling layer 31 is arranged between the inner cylinder 29 and the outer cylinder 30, and the inner cylinder 29 and the outer cylinder 30 are connected through a sealing roller bearing 20.
The drum granulator 33 is cylindrical, a plurality of nozzles 32 are arranged on the lower side of the drum granulator and are arranged in a multi-layer mode at equal intervals, and a heat insulation coating is arranged on the outer side of the drum granulator.
A high-pressure air pump 3 is arranged between the gas-solid separator 5 and the sleeve, a valve 4 is arranged between the gas-solid separator 5 and the pulverized coal groove 1, a high-pressure valve 6 and a high-pressure valve 8 are respectively arranged between the air cooler 7 and the gas-solid separator 5 and the synthetic gas storage tank 9, and a first pressure gauge 9 is arranged on the synthetic gas storage tank 5.
The secondary heat recovery system 002 further comprises a steam storage tank 15, a steam purifier 18, an atomization water tank 22 and a baffle plate 24, the upper end of the rotary drum 25 is connected with the sliding groove 28 and the steam purifier 18 respectively, the lower end of the rotary drum is connected with the particle collecting groove 21 and the atomization water tank 22 respectively, a second pressure gauge 13 is arranged on the steam storage tank 15, one end of the steam storage tank 15 is connected with the sliding groove 28, the other end of the steam storage tank is connected with the steam purifier 18, and a high-pressure air pump 19 is arranged between the rotary drum 25 and the steam purifier 18.
The embodiment discloses a high-temperature slag waste heat recovery device based on a coal gasification method, which comprises the following specific operation processes:
the high-temperature liquid slag falls to the center of a rotary drum granulator 33 through a slag groove 2 for granulation to obtain slag droplets with the diameter of 1mm-4mm, and the droplets are thrown out of a nozzle 32 of the rotary drum granulator 33 into a sleeve inner cylinder 30. During granulation, the inner barrel 30 rotates and pulverized coal enters the inner barrel 30 from a pulverized coal chute 1 arranged at the top of the sleeve through the control of a valve 34. The slag droplets meet the coal dust particles in the inner barrel 30, and the coal dust particles adhere to the surfaces of the slag droplets. Due to the heat transfer of the slag, the pulverized coal particles absorb heat and are pyrolyzed. The pressure valve 27 is opened, water vapor enters the inner barrel 30 from the water vapor storage tank 26 at the side of the chute 28 and is mixed with slag droplets wrapped by the coal dust particles in the rising process, the slag droplets continuously transfer heat to the coal dust particles and the water vapor, and finally the temperature of the coal dust and the water vapor rises to the reaction temperature. Under the condition that water vapor is used as a gasifying agent and molten slag liquid drops are used as a heat source, coal powder is gasified to generate synthetic gas (CO and H)2Etc.). The coal gasification process requires the absorption of a large amount of heat, and the slag droplets give up heat and rapidly solidify into particles. The synthesis gas obtained by gasification reaction is mixed with steam and pulverized coal particles and is pressed into a gas-solid separator 5 from an outlet at the top of the sleeve by a high-pressure air pump 3, the separated solid impurities are recycled to a pulverized coal tank 1 through a valve 4, the gas mixture is pressed into an air cooler 7 through a high-pressure valve 6, and the separated steam is discharged from a valve 12. The resulting syngas is finally collected in a syngas storage tank 10 for export utilization. A first pressure gauge 9 is arranged on the syngas storage tank 10 for monitoring pressure variations of the syngas storage tank 10.
A water cooling layer 31 is arranged between an inner cylinder 30 and an outer cylinder 29 of the sleeve, partial slag droplets are not completely solidified when the slag droplets fly out from the edge of a rotary drum granulator 33 and impact the wall surface of the inner cylinder 30, and the droplets are adhered to the wall surface of the inner cylinder 30. The water-cooled layer 31 completely solidifies the droplets by heat exchange with the adhered droplets through the wall surface of the inner cylinder 30, and the adhered slag particles are separated from the wall surface of the inner cylinder 30 under the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the inner cylinder 30.
Part of the slag droplets fly out of the nozzle 32 of the drum granulator 33 and are exothermally solidified into particles in the process of contacting with the coal dust and the water vapor. The particles impact the wall surface of the inner cylinder 30 and rebound to a certain height in the falling process, rebound to a part of height after impacting the wall surface of the inner cylinder 30 again, and repeat for a plurality of times until falling out of the sleeve area and falling into the chute 28. After the coal dust attached to the surface of the molten slag liquid drop is gasified, the coal dust particles in the space of the inner cylinder 30 can be attached to the surface of the molten slag again and absorb heat to be gasified. During flight of slag droplets from the nozzle 32 of the granulator 33 to fall into the chute 28, the same slag droplets may provide heat to complete multiple coal gasification processes.
The slag particles after completing the primary heat recovery fall into the chute 28, and the temperature of the slag particles is 800-900 ℃. After entering the rotary drum 25 through the chute 28, the particles contact atomized water injected from the atomized water tank 22 at the lower part of the rotary drum, and the flow of the atomized water is controlled by the valve 23. The slag particles are further exothermically cooled, and the atomized water absorbs the heat of the particles to generate steam which is pressed into the steam purifier 18 from the high-pressure air pump 19 to separate solid impurities. The purified water vapor is collected in the water vapor storage tank 15 through a valve 17, and a second pressure gauge 13 is arranged for monitoring the pressure of the steam storage tank 15. On one hand, the collected steam controls the flow through the valve 16 and reaches the sleeve inner cylinder 30 through the chute 28 to be used as a gasification agent to participate in the coal gasification process; on the other hand, the water vapor is conveyed to the outside for utilization through a valve 14. The slag particles after the secondary heat recovery enter the particle collecting tank 21 from the bottom of the rotary drum 25, and the obtained granulated particles are glass phase spheres and can be used as high-quality cement raw materials with higher sphericity.
The side of the rotary drum is connected with the top and the bottom of the rotary drum through sealing roller bearings 20. The top and the bottom of the rotary drum are fixed, and the side surface of the rotary drum rotates. The slag particles falling into the rotary drum roll along the spiral baffle plate 24 along with the rotation of the side surface of the rotary drum, and at the moment, the atomized water entering the rotary drum from the atomized water tank 22 through the valve 23 is fully contacted with the rolled slag particles, so that the secondary heat recovery is completed.
FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show a plan view and layout of the baffle of the present invention. The baffle plate 24 has a certain thickness N, and a plane P thereof is a quarter of a circle, the plane is formed by two straight sides L and an arc side K, the plane is provided with two rows of circular notches C arranged along the radial direction, and each row of 3 circular notches C are arranged at equal intervals. The included angles between the connecting line of each row of notches in the two rows and the same straight edge L are respectively 30 degrees and 60 degrees. When the heat exchanger is arranged, each spiral baffle plate period consists of four baffle plates 24, each baffle plate 24 occupies one fourth of the cross section of the shell side, the baffle plates 24 form a certain angle beta with the heat exchange direction, and the range of the angle beta is 20-60 degrees. The central points A of the side edges X1 clamped by the straight edges L of the baffle plates 24 are all positioned on the cavity rotation central line M, the straight edges L of the adjacent baffle plates 24 are overlapped with the central points B of the side edges X2 clamped by the arc edges K, and the baffle plates are arranged into an approximately continuous spiral baffle plate. The baffle plate 24 is fixed by welding, specifically, the lower arc edge K' of the baffle plate 24 is welded to the casing of the rotary drum 25. During operation, the rotary drum 25 rotates, falling slag particles rotate under the guide of the spiral baffle plate 24, and the heat exchange time between the slag particles and atomized water is prolonged, so that the heat recovery efficiency is improved. The water vapor obtained by heat exchange rises to a water vapor outlet through the round gap C for recycling.
Referring to FIG. 3, a spiral baffle layout is used for the present invention. For more uniform baffle, baffle plates are arranged at equal intervals, namely, two baffle plates 24 adjacent to each spiral baffle plate cycle are arranged in the same way, and the two baffle plates 24 adjacent to each spiral baffle plate cycle are arranged in the same way as the adjacent baffle plates 24 in each cycle.
Aiming at different high-temperature liquid slag treatment capacities, various granulators and inner cylinder wall surfaces with different inclination angles can be adopted.
The above examples are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the core of the present invention is the enhanced heat recovery method in the apparatus, which can be applied to slag treatment in the steel industry. The scope of the present invention includes any alternatives, modifications, improvements and refinements that fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A high-temperature slag waste heat recovery device based on a coal gasification method is characterized in that: the system comprises a primary heat recovery system and a secondary heat recovery system, wherein the primary heat recovery system is connected with the secondary heat recovery system through a chute;
the primary heat recovery system comprises a slag groove, a rotary drum granulator and a sleeve, high-temperature liquid slag falls in the center of the rotary drum granulator through the slag groove to be granulated to obtain slag liquid drops, the slag liquid drops are mixed with coal powder sprayed from the top of the sleeve and steam entering from the lower part of the sleeve, the coal powder is gasified to generate synthesis gas, and the slag liquid drops release heat and are solidified into slag particles;
the secondary heat recovery system comprises a rotary drum and a particle collecting tank, solidified slag particles enter the rotary drum through a sliding groove and then are in contact with atomized water injected from the lower part of the rotary drum, the slag particles further release heat to be cooled, the atomized water absorbs heat of the slag particles to generate steam to complete secondary heat recovery, and the slag particles enter to complete raw material recovery.
2. The device for recovering the waste heat of the high-temperature molten slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: the primary heat recovery system further comprises a pulverized coal groove, a water vapor storage tank, a gas-solid separator, an air cooler and a synthesis gas storage tank, the top of the sleeve is respectively connected with the pulverized coal groove, a slag groove and the gas-solid separator, the rotary drum granulator is arranged inside the sleeve and is connected with the slag groove, and the lower portion of the sleeve is respectively connected with the water vapor storage tank and the secondary heat recovery system.
3. The device for recovering the waste heat of the high-temperature molten slag according to claim 2, characterized in that: the sleeve is divided into rotating part and fixed part, the rotating part is the inner tube, the fixed part is the urceolus, the urceolus includes sleeve top and bottom, be equipped with the water-cooling layer between inner tube and the urceolus, the rotating part is connected through sealed gyro wheel bearing fixed part.
4. The device for recovering the waste heat of the high-temperature molten slag according to claim 2, characterized in that: the rotary drum granulator is cylindrical, a plurality of nozzles are arranged on the lower side of the rotary drum granulator and are arranged in a multi-layer mode at equal intervals, and a heat insulation coating is arranged on the outer side of the rotary drum granulator.
5. The device for recovering the waste heat of the high-temperature molten slag according to claim 2, characterized in that: the high-pressure gas pump is arranged between the gas-solid separator and the sleeve, a valve is arranged between the gas-solid separator and the pulverized coal groove, high-pressure valves are respectively arranged between the air cooler and the gas-solid separator and between the air cooler and the synthetic gas storage tank, and a first pressure gauge is arranged on the synthetic gas storage tank.
6. The device for recovering the waste heat of the high-temperature molten slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: the secondary heat recovery system further comprises a steam storage tank, a steam purifier, an atomization water tank and a baffle plate, the upper end of the rotary cylinder is connected with the sliding groove and the steam purifier respectively, the lower end of the rotary cylinder is connected with the particle collecting tank and the atomization water tank respectively, a second pressure gauge is arranged on the steam storage tank, one end of the steam storage tank is connected with the sliding groove, the other end of the steam storage tank is connected with the steam purifier, and a high-pressure air pump is arranged between the rotary cylinder and the steam purifier.
7. The device for recovering the waste heat of the high-temperature molten slag according to claim 6, wherein: the side face of the rotary cylinder is connected with the top and the bottom of the rotary cylinder through sealing roller bearings, the top and the bottom of the rotary cylinder are fixed, the side face of the rotary cylinder rotates, and the rotary cylinder is internally provided with a baffle plate.
8. The device for recovering the waste heat of the high-temperature molten slag according to claim 7, characterized in that: the plane of each baffle is one fourth of a circle, the plane is composed of two straight edges and an arc edge, the plane is provided with two rows of circular notches which are arranged along the radial direction, and each spiral baffle period is composed of four baffles; the arrangement mode of two adjacent baffle plates in each spiral baffle plate period is the same, and the arrangement mode of two adjacent baffle plates in each spiral baffle plate period is the same as that of the adjacent baffle plates in each period.
9. The device for recovering the waste heat of the high-temperature molten slag according to claim 7, characterized in that: the included angles between the connecting line of each row of notches in the two rows of circular notches and the same straight edge are respectively 30 degrees and 60 degrees, the central points of the sides clamped by the straight edges of the baffle plates are all positioned on the rotating central line of the cavity, the central points of the sides clamped by the straight edges and the arc edges of the adjacent baffle plates are overlapped, and the baffle plates are arranged into an approximately continuous spiral baffle plate.
10. The device for recovering the waste heat of the high-temperature molten slag according to claim 7, characterized in that: the baffle plate and the heat exchange direction form a certain angle beta, and the range of the angle beta is 20-60 degrees.
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