CN105087835A - System and method for recycling high-temperature slag waste heat in coal gasification manner - Google Patents
System and method for recycling high-temperature slag waste heat in coal gasification manner Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and method for recycling high-temperature slag waste heat in a coal gasification manner. The method includes the steps that high-temperature slag enters a rotating cup granulation device through a slag chute to be granulated, and high-temperature slag particles with the diameter smaller than 5 mm are formed; when the slag particles are thrown out of a rotating cup and fall, the slag particles encounter pulverized coal sprayed in through pulverized coal spraying guns arranged on a slag particle collector to form high-temperature slag particles wrapped by the pulverized coal; the high-temperature slag particles wrapped by the pulverized coal fall into a primary cooling system, the pulverized coal and a gasifying agent are heated by the high-temperature slag particles, have a reaction and are gasified, heat is absorbed in the reaction process, the high-temperature slag particles are rapidly cooled into glass slag, the glass slag temperature is controlled at 800-900 DEG C, and the glass slag is discharged out of the primary cooling system; and the pulverized coal and the gasifying agent react to generate coal gas, and the generated coal gas enters a coal gas heat exchanger through a coal gas purifier and finally enters a coal gas storage tank. Energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved for steel enterprises, and great environment benefits and economic benefits are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of metallurgy, be specifically related to the system and method that a kind of gasification reclaims high-temperature slag waste heat.
Background technology
Blast furnace slag is the principal by product in molten iron smelting process, often smelts the blast furnace slag that the 1t pig iron approximately produces 300 ~ 350kg, calculates according to China year pig iron annual production 56316 ten thousand t, produces the quantity of slag and reaches 19,710 ten thousand t.Blast furnace slag tapping temperature about 1450 DEG C, slag per ton contains the heat being equivalent to 60kg standard coal.Carrying out the process of blast furnace slag and efficient recovery melting slag waste heat, is the energy-saving and cost-reducing effective way of steel industry.The method mainly flush slag method of process blast furnace slag common both at home and abroad at present.Although slag flushing process is in continuous development, the core of its technology still carries out water spray shrend to blast furnace slag, cools, is granulated into grain slag, then carries out grain slag separation, and water recirculation after sedimentation and filtration of flushing cinder uses.Flush slag method fundamentally cannot change the process characteristic of grain slag water consumption, and slag physical thermal substantially all scatters and disappears, SO in flushing cinder process
2, H
2the discharge of the pollutents such as S not only affects operating environment but also pollutes air.In blast furnace slag waste heat recovery, be only limitted to blast furnace slag quenching water residual heat heating, waste heat recovery rate is low, is only about 10%.How efficient recovery high-temperature slag waste heat under the condition not affecting the follow-up use value of high-temperature slag, reduces the resource consumption in treating processes simultaneously, reduces the pollution to environment, become a problem demanding prompt solution.
China is the country of coal weak breath more than, energy structure feature causes Domestic Environment pollution problem day by day serious, and the gases such as the carbon monoxide that gasification obtains, hydrogen not only can be used as the use of clean fuel gas, also can be used as metallurgical reduction gas, is metal simple-substance by metal oxide back.
Gas-based shaft kiln is the mainstream technology that world today's direct-reduced iron is produced.But due to China's natural gas shortage of resources and expensive, the production base supplying the higher-grade pelletizing of direct-reduced iron production is not yet formed, and therefore, China does not also build up a gas-based shaft kiln production equipment so far in addition.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide gasification to reclaim the system and method for high-temperature slag waste heat, the basis not affecting the follow-up use of blast furnace slag utilize blast-furnace cement sensible heat carry out coal dust gasification, realize the waste heat efficiency utilization of blast furnace slag, promote iron and steel enterprise's energy-saving and emission-reduction, cost efficiency.
For achieving the above object, adopt technical scheme as follows:
Gasification reclaims the system of high-temperature slag, comprises slag granulating system, primary cooling system, secondary cooling system, coal gas gathering system;
Slag granulating system is made up of slag chute, revolving cup pelletizer, grain slag collector, pulverized coal gun; Several pulverized coal guns are evenly arranged along grain slag collector circumferential direction, and lance ejection angle becomes 90 ~ 45 ° with medullary ray;
Grain slag primary cooling system is made up of pulverized coal gun, carrier gas reservoir and a water cooler; Several pulverized coal guns are evenly arranged along a water cooler circumferential direction, and lance ejection angle becomes 90 ~ 45 ° with medullary ray, and the cinder notch that enters of grain slag primary cooling system is communicated with the slag notch of slag granulating system;
Coal gas gathering system is by gas purifier, and gas change heater, gas holder form; The coal gas be obtained by reacting in slag granulating system and grain slag primary cooling system is discharged by the upper end of slag particle collector, enters gas holder successively by gas purifier, gas change heater;
Secondary cooling system by filling slag device, recooler, air-blast device, warm air fly-ash separator, waste heat boiler form; The dress upper and lower two ends of slag device communicate with a water cooler and recooler respectively, air-blast device is sent into freezing air and is met with from filling the slag that slag device enters recooler, enter the dedusting of warm air fly-ash separator after freezing air is heated, produce water vapour by waste heat boiler.
Utilize the gasification of said system to reclaim the method for high-temperature slag, comprise the following steps:
High-temperature slag enters revolving cup pelletizer through slag chute and is granulated, and forms the high temperature slag particle that diameter is less than 5mm;
Fly in process what throw away revolving cup, the coal dust that the pulverized coal gun that slag particle and slag particle collector are arranged sprays into meets, and forms the high temperature slag particle wrapped up by coal dust; Coal dust take vaporized chemical as carrier gas;
Primary cooling system is fallen into by the high temperature slag particle that coal dust wraps up, coal dust and vaporized chemical react and gasify under the heating of high temperature slag particle, reaction process heat absorption high temperature slag particle is cooled rapidly formation glass dregs, controls glass dregs temperature 800-900 DEG C and discharges primary cooling system;
The coal gas that coal dust and vaporized chemical reaction generate enters gas change heater through gas purifier, finally enters gas storage tank;
Glass dregs is discharged primary cooling system and is entered secondary cooling system, in secondary cooling system, glass dregs is cooled further by the freezing air blasted, and freezing air is heated discharge secondary cooling system, after warm air fly-ash separator, enter waste heat boiler produce steam, grain slag is cooled to less than 50 DEG C discharges.
By such scheme, described vaporized chemical is water vapour, carbonic acid gas or both mixing.
By such scheme, the water vapour that described waste heat boiler produces is directly used in coal dust carrier gas.
Principle of the present invention mainly utilizes coal dust a large amount of heat absorption in gasification to be cured in coal gas by the heat of high-temperature slag, and high-temperature slag cools by gasification endothermic process fast simultaneously, prevents slag particle crystallization, is beneficial to formation glass dregs.From the angle analysis of heat transfer, first blast furnace slag is granulated into the particle slag that diameter is less than 5mm, and slag particle surface temperature differs nearly 300 DEG C with core temperature, define the larger temperature difference, increase heat transfer area, for slag rapid cooling provides favourable condition; Meanwhile, coal gasification reaction process is a process of absorbing heat in a large number, and its reactional equation is as follows:
C+CO
2＝2CO173.4KJ/mole
C+H
2O＝H
2+CO131KJ/mole
A large amount of heat absorptions of coal gasification reaction make high temperature grain slag temperature reduce rapidly, and hinder the formation of crystal in slag particle, be beneficial to formation glass dregs, solve the heat-conductive characteristic of slag own poor, dry calibration is difficult to the problem of rapid cooling.Meanwhile, slag particle collector arranges pulverized coal gun, the blast furnace grain slag after revolving cup granulation is wrapped up by coal dust, efficiently solves the problem that slag particle produces bonding after falling into a water cooler.From the angle analysis of slag kinetics of crystallization, blast furnace slag process of cooling can be divided into three warm areas, the liquid phase region of more than 1350 DEG C, 900-1350 DEG C of crystallizing field, the solid phase area of less than 900 DEG C.Therefore, need cool fast in slag Tc district (900-1350 DEG C), control slag crystallization, form glass dregs.The angle analysis chemically reacted, the beginning temperature of coal gasification reaction is more than 900 DEG C, and high temperature grain slag temperature is about 1350 DEG C, ensure that effectively carrying out of coal gasification reaction.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is, for enterprise brings huge environmental benefit and economic benefit, to realize target for energy-saving and emission-reduction be significant to iron and steel enterprise as follows.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: gasification reclaims the device of the technique of high-temperature slag;
1-slag chute; 2-revolving cup pelletizer; 3-pulverized coal gun; 4-slag particle collector; 5-gas exit; 6-gas purifier; 7-gas change heater; 8-gas holder; 9-water cooler; 10-fills slag device; 11-recooler; 12-air-blast device; 13-warm air fly-ash separator; 14-waste heat boiler.
Embodiment
Following examples explain technical scheme of the present invention but further not as limiting the scope of the invention.
Gasification reclaims the system of high-temperature slag, with reference to shown in accompanying drawing 1, comprises slag granulating system, primary cooling system, secondary cooling system, coal gas gathering system;
Slag granulating system is made up of slag chute 1, revolving cup pelletizer 2, grain slag collector 4, pulverized coal gun 3; Several pulverized coal guns 3 are evenly arranged along grain slag collector 4 circumferential direction, and lance ejection angle becomes 90 ~ 45 ° with medullary ray;
Grain slag primary cooling system is made up of pulverized coal gun 3, carrier gas reservoir and a water cooler 9; Several pulverized coal guns 3 are evenly arranged along water cooler 9 circumferential direction, and lance ejection angle becomes 90 ~ 45 ° with medullary ray, and the cinder notch that enters of grain slag primary cooling system is communicated with the slag notch of slag granulating system;
Reducing gas Controlling System comprises gas purifier 6, gas change heater 7, gas storage tank 8; It communicates with the top of slag granulating system, and the gas be obtained by reacting is stored by gas purifier 6, gas change heater 7, gas storage tank 8 successively;
Secondary cooling system by filling slag device 10, recooler 11, air-blast device 12, warm air fly-ash separator 13, waste heat boiler 14 form; Dress slag device about 10 two ends communicate with a water cooler 9 and recooler 11 respectively, air-blast device is sent into freezing air and is met with from filling the slag that slag device enters recooler, enter the dedusting of warm air fly-ash separator after freezing air is heated, produce water vapour by waste heat boiler.
Gasification reclaims the method for high-temperature slag waste heat, with reference to shown in accompanying drawing 1, high-temperature slag enters revolving cup pelletizer 2 through slag chute 1 and is granulated, form the high temperature slag particle that diameter is less than 5mm, fly in process what throw away revolving cup, the coal dust that the pulverized coal gun 3 that slag particle and slag particle collector 4 are arranged sprays into meets (taking vaporized chemical as carrier gas), form the high temperature slag particle wrapped up by coal dust, the grain slag carrying coal dust is trapped by collector, fall into slag water cooler 9, in a water cooler 9, coal dust and vaporized chemical are heated by high temperature slag particle, after reaching gasification temperature, generating gasification is reacted, because gasification reaction absorbs heat in a large number, high temperature slag particle is cooled rapidly in coal dust gasification process, form glass dregs, glass dregs temperature controls as 800-900 DEG C is discharged primary cooling system, recooler 11 is entered by dress slag device 10.
The coal gas that gasification reaction generates is discharged from gas exit 5, enters gas change heater 7, finally enter gas storage tank 8 through gas purifier 6.
In recooler 11, glass dregs is cooled further by the freezing air that air-blast device 12 blasts, and freezing air is heated discharge recooler, enters waste heat boiler 14 after warm air fly-ash separator 13, produce steam and be used as generating, grain slag is cooled to less than 50 DEG C discharges.
To process one ton of blast furnace slag, adopt CO
2as vaporized chemical, heat calculation is carried out to primary cooling system.Heat income item is blast furnace slag sensible heat, and heat expenditure item comprises coal dust and decomposes heat dissipation, CO
2gas heating heat dissipation, CO gas sensible heat, CO chemical heat and gasification chemical reaction heat.According to heat calculation can obtain one ton of blast furnace slag from liquid state be cooled to 900 DEG C release heats can make 9.85kg carbon gasification, consume 18.4m
3cO2, produces 36.8m
3cO.Primary cooling system heat exchange efficiency reaches 75%.For secondary cooling system, consider that deslagging temperature is 50 DEG C, system thermosteresis is that 10%, 1kg blast furnace slag can produce 600 DEG C of warm air 1.035m through heat exchange
3, thermo-efficiency is 85%.To produce 1000 ten thousand tons of pig iron iron works per year, produce blast furnace slag 3,500,000 tons per year, slag coal for gasification 3.45 ten thousand tons, consume CO
2add up to 0.6 billion cubic meter, produce CO and add up to 1.2 billion cubic meters, produce 600 DEG C of warm air 36 billion cubic meters, for enterprise brings huge environmental benefit and economic benefit, target for energy-saving and emission-reduction is realized to iron and steel enterprise and is significant.
To process one ton of blast furnace slag, adopt water vapour as vaporized chemical, produce H through aforesaid method blast furnace slag per ton
2about 19m
3, produce CO and be about 19m
3, produce electric energy 80kwh.
To process one ton of blast furnace slag, adopt water vapour and CO
2gas mixture as vaporized chemical, gas mixture volume ratio 1:1.H is produced through aforesaid method blast furnace slag per ton
2about 9.5m
3, produce CO and be about 28m
3, produce electric energy 80kwh.
Claims (4)
1. gasification reclaims the system of high-temperature slag waste heat, it is characterized in that comprising slag granulating system, primary cooling system, secondary cooling system, coal gas gathering system;
Slag granulating system is made up of slag chute, revolving cup pelletizer, grain slag collector, pulverized coal gun; Several pulverized coal guns are evenly arranged along grain slag collector circumferential direction, and lance ejection angle becomes 90 ~ 45 ° with medullary ray;
Grain slag primary cooling system is made up of pulverized coal gun, carrier gas reservoir and a water cooler; Several pulverized coal guns are evenly arranged along a water cooler circumferential direction, and lance ejection angle becomes 90 ~ 45 ° with medullary ray, and the cinder notch that enters of grain slag primary cooling system is communicated with the slag notch of slag granulating system;
Coal gas gathering system is by gas purifier, and gas change heater, gas holder form; The coal gas be obtained by reacting in slag granulating system and grain slag primary cooling system is discharged by the upper end of slag particle collector, enters gas holder successively by gas purifier, gas change heater;
Secondary cooling system by filling slag device, recooler, air-blast device, warm air fly-ash separator, waste heat boiler form; The dress upper and lower two ends of slag device communicate with a water cooler and recooler respectively, air-blast device is sent into freezing air and is met with from filling the slag that slag device enters recooler, enter the dedusting of warm air fly-ash separator after freezing air is heated, produce water vapour by waste heat boiler.
2. utilize the method for system recoveries high-temperature slag waste heat described in claim 1, comprise the following steps:
High-temperature slag enters revolving cup pelletizer through slag chute and is granulated, and forms the high temperature slag particle that diameter is less than 5mm;
Fly in process what throw away revolving cup, the coal dust that the pulverized coal gun that slag particle and slag particle collector are arranged sprays into meets, and forms the high temperature slag particle wrapped up by coal dust; Coal dust take vaporized chemical as carrier gas;
Primary cooling system is fallen into by the high temperature slag particle that coal dust wraps up, coal dust and vaporized chemical react and gasify under the heating of high temperature slag particle, reaction process heat absorption high temperature slag particle is cooled rapidly formation glass dregs, controls glass dregs temperature 800-900 DEG C and discharges primary cooling system;
The coal gas that coal dust and water vapour reaction generate enters gas change heater through gas purifier, finally enters gas storage tank;
Glass dregs is discharged primary cooling system and is entered secondary cooling system, in secondary cooling system, glass dregs is cooled further by the freezing air blasted, and freezing air is heated discharge secondary cooling system, after warm air fly-ash separator, enter waste heat boiler produce steam, grain slag is cooled to less than 50 DEG C discharges.
3. reclaim the method for high-temperature slag waste heat as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that described vaporized chemical is water vapour, carbonic acid gas or both mixing.
4. reclaim the method for high-temperature slag waste heat as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that the water vapour that described waste heat boiler produces is directly used in coal dust carrier gas.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN106498103A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-03-15 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of device of high-temperature slag physico-chemical process heat recovery |
| CN109777519A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-05-21 | 东北大学 | A kind of blast furnace cinder waste heat driving gasification reaction system |
| CN109880653A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-06-14 | 东北大学 | A kind of the hydrogen-rich synthetic gas preparation method and system of melting slag waste heat driving |
| CN111719026A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-09-29 | 南京工业大学 | High-temperature slag waste heat recovery device based on coal gasification method |
| CN113262861A (en) * | 2021-05-09 | 2021-08-17 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for preparing stabilizer by temperature-controlled internal stress pulverization high-temperature molten slag and application |
| CN113981159A (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2022-01-28 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Hydrogen-rich smelting system and method utilizing waste heat of blast furnace slag |
| CN114737000A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-07-12 | 无锡红旗除尘设备有限公司 | Blast furnace slag treatment and waste heat recovery method |
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