CN201459076U

CN201459076U - Cold wall entrained flow gasification device

Info

Publication number: CN201459076U
Application number: CN2009200731976U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 苏智彬; 彭伟民
Original assignee: Shanghai Boiler Works Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Boiler Works Co Ltd
Priority date: 2009-06-01
Filing date: 2009-06-01
Publication date: 2010-05-12
Anticipated expiration: 2019-06-01

Abstract

The utility model relates to a cold wall entrained flow gasification device which comprises a casing, wherein a gasification chamber and a reduction chamber which are mutually connected are arranged in the casing, the reduction chamber is connected with a shock chamber which is positioned outside the casing, and tuber headers are arranged on the gasification chamber and the reduction chamber. The cold wall entrained flow gasification device is characterized in that the furnace liner of the gasification chamber is a furnace liner with compound structure, the furnace liner of the reduction chamber is a film type water-cooling wall, four first jet nozzles which are tangentially distributed are arranged on the middle-lower portion of the gasification chamber, and one or two second jet nozzles are arranged on the lateral side of the reduction chamber. The cold wall entrained flow gasification device has the advantages that the structure is simple, the manufacture, installation and maintenance are convenient, meanwhile, the investment is smaller, the gasification chamber adopts the compound furnace liner composed of a film type water-cooling wall, a Y-shaped slag nail and fireproof material, thus the stable operation of the water-cooling wall is preferably guaranteed, moreover, the carbon transformation efficiency, the cold gas efficiency and the total heating efficiency are higher.

Description

The cold wall type gas-flow bed gasifying apparatus

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of cold wall type gas-flow bed gasifying apparatus, belongs to the coal gasification apparatus technical field.

Background technology

At present, airflow bed gasification furnace is divided into hot wall type, cold-wall type two classes.The hot wall type vapourizing furnace adopts refractory brick as furnace lining, it represents the type of furnace is the multi-nozzle vapourizing furnace of Texaco gasifier and East China University of Science, because high pressure (2.6～6.5MPa), high temperature, high heat load and reducing atmosphere and be subjected to the erosion of acid slag, temperature and pressure impacts during simultaneously also with the start-stop car, the life-span of side towards the fire refractory brick is very limited, need to change refractory brick one time about each year, the maintenance cost height, totally unfavorable to the industrialization continuous production; It is furnace lining that the cold-wall type vapourizing furnace adopts water wall, forms one deck slag during operation in the wall, comes protective lining not weather with the mode of " with the anti-slag of slag ", and the gasifier operation cycle is long.Shell vapourizing furnace, German Prenflo vapourizing furnace, GSP vapourizing furnace and the patent No. of main cold wall type vapourizing furnace Holland are the vapourizing furnace in 200720031839.7 now.

The Shell vapourizing furnace of Holland, the feeding manner that German Prenflo vapourizing furnace all adopts four nozzle placement, synthetic gas that produces and slag are anti-capable, and (air-flow is up, and slag is descending), cinder will be through than long pipeline in its synthetic gas, and change flow direction, just can enter upstream device and carry out waste heat recovery or gas solid separation, pipeline and upstream device stop up easily.This type of furnace equipment complexity all has problems for making, install and keeping in repair simultaneously; The GSP vapourizing furnace adopts the feeding manner of single nozzle top spray, synthetic gas and liquid slag are gone together and are carried out the technology of Quench through the shock chamber, though this furnace type structure is simple, but single nozzle top spray, cause material not enough easily in the vapourizing furnace residence time, make the transformation efficiency of carbon not high, because synthetic gas is after the heat absorption cooling through water wall, making the slag-drip opening temperature is the lower-most point of whole vaporizer temperature, for guaranteeing smooth slag tap, must improve gasification temperature, cause the reduction of cold gas efficiency and the increase that consumes than oxygen, simultaneously take chilling technology again, cause a large amount of gas heat losses; The patent No. be vapourizing furnace in 200720031839.7 also owing to take the feeding manner of single nozzle top spray at first reaction chamber, therefore carbon turnover ratio and the cold gas efficiency in first reaction chamber is not high.

Vaporizer in above-mentioned several cold wall type vapourizing furnace all is the compound Lining that adopts membrane wall or coil wall, cylinder shape slag nail and refractory materials to form, because the heat transfer area of cylinder shape slag nail is less, often can not carry out enough coolings and cause burning out of refractory masses refractory masses.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model provides the more stable and vaporizer section deslagging of a kind of operation cold wall type gas-flow bed gasifying apparatus smoothly.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the utility model has provided a kind of cold wall type gas-flow bed gasifying apparatus, comprise housing, in housing, be provided with interconnective vaporizer and reduction chamber, the reduction chamber connects the shock chamber that places housing outer, on vaporizer and reduction chamber, be provided with header, it is characterized in that, the furnace lining of vaporizer is the composite structure furnace lining, the furnace lining of reduction chamber is a membrane wall, be provided with first nozzle of four tangential distribution in the middle and lower part of vaporizer, the side in the reduction chamber is provided with one or two second nozzle.

Described composite structure furnace lining comprises refractory masses, is provided with Y type slag nail in refractory masses, and the side towards the fire of membrane wall partly places in the refractory masses and with Y type slag nail and links to each other, and the non-side towards the fire of membrane wall partly places outside the refractory masses.

The compound Lining form that vaporizer of the present utility model adopts membrane wall, Y type slag nail and refractory materials to form, mainly be that Y type slag nail has bigger heat transfer area with respect to cylinder shape slag nail, make it better cooling performance be arranged to refractory masses, therefore can better stablize refractory materials, thereby make the steady running of whole water-cooled wall energy; Simultaneously, the utility model adopts the vaporizer middle and lower part that first nozzle of four arranged tangential and the feeding manner that the reduction chamber is provided with one or two second nozzle are set, and can effectively carry high-carbon turnover ratio and cold gas efficiency, and guarantee the smooth deslagging of vaporizer section.

The utility model has the advantages that:

1) simple in structure, be convenient to make, install and maintenance, investment is also less simultaneously;

2) vaporizer adopts the compound Lining form that membrane wall, Y type slag nail and refractory materials are formed, and can better guarantee the steady running of water wall;

3) has higher carbon conversion efficiency, cold gas efficiency and total thermo-efficiency.

Description of drawings

The structural representation of a kind of cold wall type gas-flow bed gasifying apparatus that Fig. 1 provides for the utility model;

Fig. 2 is that the A-A of Fig. 1 is to view;

Fig. 3 is the layout drawing of overlooking of first nozzle;

Fig. 4 is the partial enlarged drawing of composite structure furnace lining.

Embodiment

Specify the utility model below in conjunction with embodiment.

Embodiment

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the structural representation of a kind of cold wall type gas-flow bed gasifying apparatus that provides for the utility model is made up of housing 1, vaporizer 2, first nozzle 3, bipyramid section coil pipe 4, reduction chamber 5, second nozzle 6, a single awl section coil pipe 7, shock chamber 8, header 12 and composite structure furnace lining C.

Take 4 transition of bipyramid section coil pipe to connect between vaporizer 2 and the reduction chamber 5, and place in the housing 1, reduction chamber 5 is bored 7 transition of section coil pipes with the shock chamber's 8 employing lists outside placing housing 1 and is connected, on vaporizer 2 and reduction chamber 5, be provided with header 12, header 12 is used for introducing and drawing each straight tube and coil pipe, the furnace lining of vaporizer 2 is composite structure furnace lining C, the furnace lining of reduction chamber 5 is a membrane wall, be provided with first nozzle 3 of four tangential distribution in the middle and lower part of vaporizer 2, provided the layout drawing of overlooking of first nozzle 3 as shown in Figure 3, can clearly be seen that by this figure first nozzle, 3 axis and vaporizer axis are 4～6 °, tangential distribution on the outer circumference surface of vaporizer 2, the side in reduction chamber 5 is provided with one or two second nozzle 6.

As shown in Figure 3, partial enlarged drawing for composite structure furnace lining C, comprise refractory masses 11, in refractory masses 11, be provided with Y type slag nail 10, the side towards the fire of membrane wall 9 partly places in the refractory masses 11 and with Y type slag nail 10 and links to each other, and the non-side towards the fire of membrane wall 9 partly places outside the refractory masses 11.

Principle of work of the present utility model is: dry coal powder or coal water slurry and vaporized chemical spray into vaporizer 2 burner hearths through four first nozzles 3; high-temp combustion and gasification reaction take place; gasification temperature is 1400 ℃～1600 ℃; pressure is synthetic gas and the parallel reduction chamber 5 that enters downwards of molten slag that 2.0～4.0Mpa. gasification back produces; in reduction chamber 5; from second nozzle 6, spray into a small amount of coal dust or coal water slurry and high-temperature synthesis gas generation reduction reaction; the high-temperature synthesis gas temperature reduces because of the heat absorption of carrying out the thermo-negative reaction and the membrane wall of reduction chamber 5; made full use of and the part sensible heat that has reclaimed high-temperature synthesis gas; and the thermal stresses in the follow-up chilling ring is reduced; chilling ring has been played provide protection. the synthetic gas after the cooling is behind shock chamber 8; slag is separated with flying dust; retention efficiency can arrive more than 90%, has reduced follow-up dedusting burden.

Claims

1. cold wall type gas-flow bed gasifying apparatus, comprise housing (1), in housing (1), be provided with interconnective vaporizer (2) and reduction chamber (5), reduction chamber (5) connects the shock chamber (8) that places housing (1) outer, on vaporizer (2) and reduction chamber (5), be provided with header (12), it is characterized in that, the furnace lining of vaporizer (2) is composite structure furnace lining (C), the furnace lining of reduction chamber (5) is a membrane wall, be provided with first nozzle (3) of four tangential distribution in the middle and lower part of vaporizer (2), the side in reduction chamber (5) is provided with one or two second nozzle (6).

2. a kind of cold wall type gas-flow bed gasifying apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described composite structure furnace lining (C) comprises refractory masses (11), in refractory masses (11), be provided with Y type slag nail (10), the side towards the fire of membrane wall (9) partly places in the refractory masses (11) and with Y type slag nail (10) and links to each other, and the non-side towards the fire of membrane wall (9) partly places outside the refractory masses (11).

3. a kind of cold wall type gas-flow bed gasifying apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, takes bipyramid section coil pipe (4) transition to connect between described vaporizer (2) and the described reduction chamber (5).

4. a kind of cold wall type gas-flow bed gasifying apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, described reduction chamber (5) adopts the transition of single awl section coil pipe (7) to be connected with described shock chamber (8).