CN101541524B - 制造曲线形包装箱的机器和方法 - Google Patents

制造曲线形包装箱的机器和方法 Download PDF

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CN101541524B
CN101541524B CN2008800004236A CN200880000423A CN101541524B CN 101541524 B CN101541524 B CN 101541524B CN 2008800004236 A CN2008800004236 A CN 2008800004236A CN 200880000423 A CN200880000423 A CN 200880000423A CN 101541524 B CN101541524 B CN 101541524B
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G·巴锡
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Emmeci S R L
Emmeci SpA
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    • B31B2120/00Construction of rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B31B2120/50Construction of rigid or semi-rigid containers covered or externally reinforced
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31BMAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B2120/00Construction of rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B31B2120/50Construction of rigid or semi-rigid containers covered or externally reinforced
    • B31B2120/501Construction of rigid or semi-rigid containers covered or externally reinforced by applying wrapping material only on the side wall part of a box
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
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    • B31B50/00Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
    • B31B50/26Folding sheets, blanks or webs
    • B31B50/28Folding sheets, blanks or webs around mandrels, e.g. for forming bottoms
    • B31B50/30Folding sheets, blanks or webs around mandrels, e.g. for forming bottoms the mandrels moving
    • B31B50/32Folding sheets, blanks or webs around mandrels, e.g. for forming bottoms the mandrels moving in circular paths
    • B31B50/324Folding sheets, blanks or webs around mandrels, e.g. for forming bottoms the mandrels moving in circular paths the mandrels being parallel to the axis of a drum
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    • B31BMAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B50/00Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
    • B31B50/26Folding sheets, blanks or webs
    • B31B50/28Folding sheets, blanks or webs around mandrels, e.g. for forming bottoms
    • B31B50/30Folding sheets, blanks or webs around mandrels, e.g. for forming bottoms the mandrels moving
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Abstract

一种制造被覆盖的纸或硬板纸曲线形箱子的机器,其包括用来形成曲线形箱子(6)的装置以及覆盖工位(R),覆盖工位(R)结合用来线性馈送预先上胶的覆盖片(12)的装置进行操作,以使覆盖片(12)连接到箱子(6)的外壁。

Description

制造曲线形包装箱的机器和方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种形成和覆盖具有曲线形外形的纸或硬板纸包装箱的自动机器。
背景技术
现有技术的制造曲线形包装箱的装置由多个机器组成,它们组装成由圆柱形壁和分离的具有相同外形的底部组成的本体,底部通常用胶水连接到壁上。
被覆盖的包装箱包括其后施加一层覆盖纸,覆盖纸给予最终产品以理想的外包装。
然而,现有技术的机器在高质量被覆盖的包装箱的自动化生产方面具有好多缺点,这就是说,在完成的包装箱中,不容易看到或摸到诸如底部和圆柱形壁之类的分开部分的存在。
第二个缺点是,不能自动地和有效地实施从组装分离部件,即底部和壁开始直到覆盖完成产品为止的被覆盖的曲线形包装箱的全部过程。
发明内容
本发明的第一目标是克服自动化生产具有曲线形(较佳地为圆形)外形的被覆盖的纸或硬板纸包装箱中存在的问题。
本发明的第二目标是提出一种自动化制造被覆盖的纸或硬板纸曲线形包装箱的机器和方法,该机器具有高的生产率,同时能够制造出高质量的包装箱。
用包括一个或多个附后权利要求所描述特征的制造箱子的机器和方法,来基本上实现上述技术目的和所规定的目标。
附图说明
参照附图所示的本发明优选但非限制的实施例,从下面详细描述中将会更加明白本发明的其它特征和优点,附图中:
图1是组装曲线形壁和底板的诸步骤的示意图;
图2是根据本发明装置的分解示意图,其用预先上胶的覆盖纸圆盘稳定地连结图1的底板和曲线形壁;
图3和4是用图2装置施加预先上胶的圆盘的连续步骤的示意图;
图5示出一带有根据本发明的覆盖工位的回转单元;
图6示出带有处于覆盖步骤中的箱子的图5回转单元的详图;
图7示出箱子覆盖步骤的另一详图;
图8示出箱子覆盖步骤的又一详图;
图9是将组装好的箱子传送到目标和形成工位的步骤的示意图;
图10示出根据本发明方法的连续加工步骤的实例;
图11示出构成圆柱形箱子壁的管子生产线中的连续步骤。
具体实施方式
参照附图,对制造曲线形包装箱6的机器进行描述,开始使曲线形的圆柱壁1连接到底部或底板2上,从而获得包装箱6。
应该指出的是,根据本发明,壁1可用预先成形的管子来制造,或可在机器上游的适当操作工位内的生产线上形成。
在图11的实例中,形成圆柱形管子的工位可具有一个接一个的硬纸板坯料(粗制或连结起来的)储存送料盒(magazine),从该工位拾取其尺寸等于要形成的包装箱的长度的硬纸板,并移至砑光工位,在该工位内通过密封硬纸板的自由端来形成管子。
一旦形成圆柱形管子,就可把它卸下并馈送到成品管子储存送料盒内。
较佳地参照图1,包装箱6具有圆形的外形,使用吸杯型的夹持元件3将底部2插入到圆形横截面的壁1内,直到壁的一端24通过机械过盈封闭住,由此来获得该包装箱6。
参照图2-4,底部2和壁1可以通过将预先上胶的圆盘7施加到包装箱的端部24上而稳定地连结起来。
较佳地参照图9,圆盘7具有的径向尺寸略微大于包装箱6的外直径,并搁置在目标工位P的传送带27上移动。
在工位P中,位于预先上胶的圆盘7上方并包括圆柱形体4、具有垂直行程的夹持元件5与包装箱6配合,该圆柱体4可精确地插入包装箱6内,直到与突缘31接触为止,于是将对中在圆盘7上的包装箱6放置在圆盘7上,并用胶水胶合它。
尤其是,用寻找(已知类型的)圆盘位置的装置来对中包装箱,在识别出圆盘位置后,该装置以精确的垂直对齐来对中包装箱。
一旦完成对中,包装箱6和圆盘7就移动到成形工位F,在该工位F中,有环形支承表面8,该表面8具有开口9,开口的形状和尺寸精确地与包装箱6的外形相对应。
在开口9的相对侧上,在所述实例中,还可有板10,如果必要的话可将其安装在弹簧11上,该板具有的尺寸能使它被拉到开口9附近而与圆盘7接触。
在操作中,带有胶合的圆盘7的包装箱6下降到开口9,将板10拉到靠近圆盘7的无粘结剂一侧。
继续包装箱6通过开口9的行程,弹簧11屈服,包装箱的底部以精确的方式通过开口9,圆盘7延伸超越开口9的那部分被压靠到邻近于底部的壁23的延伸部分上,因此,稳定地连结包装箱6的底板2和壁1。
图5至8示意地示出根据本发明的覆盖工位R,其中,包装箱6被传送,倾覆装置将包装箱6从垂直定向转换成水平定向,该倾覆装置能够与退出成形工位F的包装箱配合并转动它,直到包装箱呈水平定向为止,在任何的对中或“对准”之后,由覆盖工位R在此水平定向上接纳包装箱6,如果必要的话,通过用于尚未被覆盖的包装箱6的储存送料盒进行传递。
根据本发明,覆盖工位R是转动的回转单元26的一部分,该回转单元26由驱动单元27驱动,它包括多个操作工位S,其中至少一个工位用于加载准备覆盖的已形成的包装箱的步骤,并在覆盖之后卸下完成的包装箱的步骤。
工位S不作详细描述,因为它们本身不是本发明的主题。
在所述实例中,已经成形的包装箱6在覆盖工位R中进行加工,并已经定位在安装在回转单元26臂25端部处的心轴19上。
心轴19的尺寸根据要求可以放大,该尺寸应使心轴19与包装箱6配合,并在驱动单元14的驱动下可围绕轴线20转动。
在所示实施例中,马达14的纵向运动被固定的棱形导向器18引导,图5示意地示出了该导向器18。
根据本发明,在工位R中,心轴19沿着轴线20转动包装箱,使心轴19与预先上胶的横向于轴线20馈送的覆盖片12的到达同步,直到它与包装箱6母线接触为止,覆盖操作沿着该母线进行。
包装箱的转速和覆盖片12的线性馈送速度都是固定的,以使覆盖点处的倾翻速度与覆盖片12的速度一致。
或者,在第一覆盖片12在包装箱6上拉伸胶合之后,在没有强制馈送覆盖片的情况下,可通过曳拉覆盖片12来继续覆盖操作。
覆盖片12的纵向延伸和长度也应使它覆盖全部的外壁1,并在包装箱6的敞开端21处留出延伸超越外壁1的边缘22。
应该指出的是,在其它实施例中,覆盖片12可以各个预先切好的覆盖片的形式进行馈送,或可以有将连续覆盖片切成规定大小的步骤。
具体参照图7和8,覆盖工位R还包括边缘下折的翻折机17,其靠近包装箱6的敞开端21定位,以便在包装箱覆盖过程中干预边缘22的通过,并引导该边缘使它朝向包装箱的内部翻折并覆盖包装箱的敞开边缘。
然后,敞开端21的覆盖较佳地通过一对属于覆盖工位R的压力辊13来完成,压力辊13骑跨端部21进行定位,以在包装箱转动过程中将边缘22压靠在壁1上。
必须强调的是,驱动单元和所述导向器的布置只是举例而已,应该理解到,也可采用不同的机构和机械方案来转动心轴19和执行覆盖和边缘下翻步骤。
例如,在不同的方案中,可在同一覆盖工位R中执行包装箱覆盖和边缘下翻两个操作。在此情形中,只有一个定位在该覆盖工位R内并具有联接器的马达,马达利用该连接器,例如借助于轴向滑动来与回转单元的心轴配合和脱开。
在另一不同的方案中,可有几个马达,如果必要的话,可有钩形释放联接器,其定位在回转单元的几个操作工位R、S内,它们的设立是为了执行单独的覆盖或边缘下翻步骤。
一旦覆盖或边缘下翻步骤完成,完成的包装箱就被回转单元从工位R中移走,并移到其后的卸载工位S,然后,继续送到其后的加工过程或储藏起来。
举例来说,图10示出上述被覆盖的包装箱自动化生产的步骤顺序,其包括:
-使用用于底部2和圆柱形壁或管子1的储存送料盒,
-组装底部和壁以形成包装箱6,
-将包装箱6移动到具有预先上胶的片7的目标工位P,
-片7的边缘下翻到壁1上,
-将带有覆盖底部的包装箱移动到用预先上胶的片侧向地覆盖包装箱的工位,
-将该侧向覆盖片下翻到壁的敞开边缘上,
-移动覆盖好的包装箱进行卸载。
以上参照优选实施例描述了本发明,但应该理解到,还可以作出等价的修改,而不脱离本发明概念的范围。

Claims (17)

1.一种制造被覆盖的曲线形外形的纸箱子的机器,所述机器包括:
—形成曲线形箱子(6)的装置,所述箱子(6)具有底部(2),所述底部稳定地连结到曲线形外形的壁(1)的第一端(24),并且所述箱子(6)呈圆柱形,并且所述形成曲线形箱子的装置包括夹持元件(3),
—将所述箱子(6)传送到覆盖工位(R)的装置,
—覆盖工位(R),所述覆盖工位(R)具有心轴(19),其中所述心轴(19)限定水平转动轴线(20),并且马达(14)连接至所述心轴(19),以便绕所述水平转动轴线(20)转动,其中所述心轴(19)能够配合在所述箱子(6)中并使所述箱子相对于所述水平转动轴线(20)转动,
—将预先上胶的覆盖片(12)直线馈送至所述覆盖工位(R)的直线馈送装置,其中所述直线馈送装置与驱动所述心轴(19)的所述马达(14)共同进行操作,从而将所述覆盖片(12)横向馈送至所述轴线(20)直到其与箱子(6)母线接触为止,由此将所述覆盖片(12)连接到所述箱子(6)的所述外壁并覆盖所述箱子的整个所述外壁,同时所述心轴(19)绕其水平轴线(20)转动至少一周转,
所述覆盖工位(R)还具有用从所述箱子的敞开的第二端(21)突出来的所述覆盖片(12)的边缘(22)来覆盖所述第二端(21)的装置(17)。
2.如权利要求1所述的机器,其特征在于,所述形成曲线形箱子(6)的装置包括:
—用来插入外形刚好与所述壁(1)的内部形状过盈配合的底部(2)并将所述底部定位在所述壁(1)的所述第一端的装置(3),以及
—对所述底部(2)施加预先上胶的圆盘(7)以关闭所述壁(1)的所述第一端的装置(5、8)。
3.如权利要求2所述的机器,其特征在于,所述用来插入外形刚好与所述壁(1)的内部形状过盈配合的底部(2)并将所述底部定位在所述壁(1)的所述第一端的装置包括用来固定和传送所述底部(2)的所述夹持元件(3)。
4.如权利要求2或3所述的机器,其特征在于,所述对所述底部(2)施加预先上胶的圆盘(7)以关闭所述壁(1)的所述第一端的装置包括:
—圆盘支承表面(8),所述圆盘支承表面具有开口(9),所述开口的形状和尺寸与所述箱子(6)的外形相匹配,
—第二夹持元件(5),所述第二夹持元件能够相对于所述表面(8)移动,以固定和移动所述箱子(6),
—接触表面(10),所述接触表面能够相对于所述支承表面(8)移动,所述接触表面(10)能够插入穿过所述开口(9),并相对于所述开口(9)与所述第二夹持元件(5)相对,
—用来移动所述接触表面(10)直到所述接触表面被拉到靠近搁置在所述支承表面(8)上的所述圆盘(7)为止的装置,
—用来移动所述第二夹持元件(5)直到所述箱子(6)放置到搁置在所述支承表面(8)上的所述圆盘(7)的预先上胶侧的顶上为止并强制所述箱子(6)通过所述开口(9)以将所述圆盘(7)的周缘部分(23)施加到邻近于所述第一端(24)的所述壁(1)的延伸部分的装置。
5.如权利要求4所述的机器,其特征在于,所述接触表面(10)被弹性装置(11)支承。
6.如权利要求4所述的机器,其特征在于,所述接触表面(10)通过气动或液压操作的装置支承。
7.如权利要求5或6所述的机器,其特征在于,所述接触表面(10)具有使其能够放置到所述壁(1)端部上的形状和尺寸。
8.如上述权利要求1、2、3、5和6中任何一项所述的机器,其特征在于,所述覆盖工位(R)是装备有多个操作工位(S)的旋转的回转单元(26)的操作工位。
9.如权利要求8所述的机器,其特征在于,所述覆盖工位(R)的心轴(19)安装在回转单元(26)的臂(25)的一端上,并可相对于转动轴线(20)转动。
10.如权利要求1、2、3、5、6和9中任何一项所述的机器,其特征在于,用来覆盖所述箱子(6)敞开的第二端(21)的装置(17)包括曲线元件,所述曲线元件处于相对于所述箱子(6)覆盖运动的固定位置,所述固定位置使所述曲线元件与所述预先上胶的覆盖片(12)的边缘(22)过盈配合,于是将所述边缘(22)翻折到所述箱子(6)内,并从而覆盖住邻近于所述敞开的第二端(21)的所述壁(1)的内部延伸部分。
11.如权利要求1所述的机器,其特征在于,用来覆盖所述箱子(6)敞开的第二端(21)的装置(17)包括压力辊(13),所述压力辊作用是将所述边缘(22)压到所述壁(1)上。
12.如权利要求1所述的机器,其特征在于,所述直线馈送预先上胶的覆盖片(12)的装置被构成为将所述预先上胶的覆盖片(12)横向馈送至所述轴线,以便所述预先上胶的覆盖片与箱子母线相接触。
13.如权利要求1所述的机器,其特征在于,所述心轴(19)被构成为用于与预先上胶的覆盖片(12)的到达同步。
14.一种制造被覆盖的曲线形外形的纸箱子的方法,所述方法包括如下步骤:
—准备底部(2)和具有曲线形外形的壁(1),所述底部(2)和所述壁(1)稳定地连接而组装成箱子(6);
—沿着对中轴线相对于预先上胶的纸覆盖圆盘(7)对中所述箱子(6),使所述圆盘(7)相对于所述对中轴线突出超过所述箱子(6);
—拽拉所述底部(2)和所述箱子(6)靠近所述预先上胶的圆盘(7);
—将所述圆盘(7)的过度突出的径向部分施加到所述箱子(6)的所述壁(1)上,以稳定地连结所述底部(2)和所述壁(1);
—将所述箱子(6)传送到覆盖工位(R);
—在所述覆盖工位(R)中,相对于水平轴线(20)转动所述箱子(6),并将覆盖片(12)连接到所述箱子(6)的所述壁;
—通过下折从所述箱子的敞开的第二端(21)突出的所述覆盖片(12)的边缘(22)来覆盖所述第二端。
15.如权利要求14所述的方法,其特征在于,在所述覆盖工位(R)内进行所述边缘的下折。
16.如权利要求14或15所述的方法,其特征在于,在对中步骤过程中,所述箱子的轴线是竖直的,且在所述轴线倾翻过90°之后,所述箱子被传送到覆盖步骤。
17.如权利要求14或15所述的方法,其特征在于,所述覆盖工位(R)是装备有多个操作工位(S)的旋转的回转单元(26)的操作工位,并且在具有水平轴线的回转单元的一个或多个操作工位内执行覆盖步骤和边缘下翻步骤。
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