CN101530860A - Method for preparing aluminum-magnesium ultrafine crystal composite plate with multilayer structure - Google Patents

Method for preparing aluminum-magnesium ultrafine crystal composite plate with multilayer structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101530860A
CN101530860A CN 200910022001 CN200910022001A CN101530860A CN 101530860 A CN101530860 A CN 101530860A CN 200910022001 CN200910022001 CN 200910022001 CN 200910022001 A CN200910022001 A CN 200910022001A CN 101530860 A CN101530860 A CN 101530860A
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alloy
magnesium
aluminium
plate
rolling
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CN101530860B (en
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张兵
袁守谦
王超
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Xian University of Architecture and Technology
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Xian University of Architecture and Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/01Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
    • B32B15/017Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of aluminium or an aluminium alloy, another layer being formed of an alloy based on a non ferrous metal other than aluminium

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preparing an aluminum-magnesium ultrafine crystal composite plate with a multilayer structure. The method selects a plate material Al or an Al alloy and Mg or a Mg alloy as raw materials; a structural layer of the prepared aluminum-magnesium ultrafine crystal composite plate with the multilayer structure is the Al/the Mg/the Al, or the Al alloy/the Mg alloy/the Al alloy or the Al/the Mg alloy/the Al in sequence; the preparation method adopts an accumulated composite rolling method which comprises the steps: polishing, cleaning, removing metal chips or impurities on the surface of the plate material, stacking in a hamburger mode, and positioning the stacked steel plate in a resistance furnace for heat treatment; taking out the plate material subjected to heat treatment, placing the plate material on a rolling machine, and rolling the plate material with 50 percent of rolling reduction in every pass; cutting cracked edges and burr in the edge part of the rolled plate material, cutting the plate material into two equivalent parts, and carrying out multipass accumulated composite rolling repeatedly; placing the plate material subjected to accumulated composite rolling in an air protection annealing furnace for heat treatment, cooling the plate material to the room temperature along the furnace and taking out the plate material; and the Al/Mg/Al composite steel plate with the multilevel structure can be obtained.

Description

A kind of preparation method of aluminum-magnesium ultrafine crystal composite plate with multilayer structure
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of the preparation of composite, particularly a kind of aluminum-magnesium ultrafine crystal composite plate with multilayer structure.The structure of the aluminum-magnesium ultrafine crystal composite plate with multilayer structure of this method preparation is Al/Mg/Al successively.
Background technology
Along with progress of science and technology, requirement to material is more and more higher, except that having high strength, high tenacity, performance such as corrosion-resistant, also require material under some particular surroundings application conditions, to have some conflicting performances, will get well as: electric conductivity but want adiabatic, intensity, toughness want height but weight will be light etc.Because xenogenesis material performance of composites multifunction, lower cost and have wide range of applications have improved the development potentiality of traditional material.Simultaneously, composite can be adjusted and composite behaviour according to practical application request, to satisfy modern industry to the multi-functional requirement of material.
Laminar composite is a kind of new material of the different sheet metal of two or more physics, chemistry, mechanical property by the complex technique be combined into, kept the original separately characteristic of original metal material, and make the combination property of material more superior, for rational behavior and reduction product cost provide better choice than single metal.Dissimilar metal is subjected to the generally attention of Chinese scholars in recent years with the advanced composite material (ACM) of stratiform complex method be combined into, but present laminar composite is subjected to the restriction of rolling complex technique, complex manufacturing, product quality is restive, as exist the not enough combined strength bination of drafts not high, shortcomings such as compound back material matrix performance reduction, this research and utilization accumulation composite rolling technology has successfully prepared the ultra-fine brilliant sandwich construction composite of aluminium/magnesium, institutional framework that can either the refinement composite, can improve the interface combined strength bination and the reinforced composite material matrix of composite again, using with the industry of functional demand for elastic properties of materialsization provides more suitably combination of materials and technology of preparing.Laminar composite has economy and the functional characteristics that have both, and in the every field extensive use, and the preparation technology of laminar composite is simple relatively, can utilize the existing equipment serialization to produce.
Simultaneously, because global energy and resource anxiety, conservation of nature consciousness is surging, makes product lightweight and recyclableization gradually, reducing the consumption of the energy and resource, for the design of the ultra-fine brilliant sandwich construction composite of aluminium/magnesium provides thinking.Because adhesion is very strong between aluminium and magnesium atom, no matter at room temperature or high temperature, all good good coupling of the strength/weight ratio of this class material (rigidity/weight ratio).And according to aluminium-magnesium phasor, the formed composite of aluminium and magnesium is because Al 2Mg 17Or Al 2Mg 2Can obtain excellent mechanical performance Deng separating out of middle phase; And aluminium, magnesium are very active metals, and aluminium can generate compact oxide at material surface, prevent the further oxidation of metal, have certain corrosion resistance; And the oxide-film that magnesium and Mg alloy surface generate is not fine and close, oxidation resistance is relatively poor, therefore, the magnalium composite has characteristics such as low-density, high strength, high damping, non-oxidizability and corrosion resistance, and is widely used in industries such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, electronics, electric power, military affairs, automobile, boats and ships, chemical industry.
Summary of the invention
Defective or deficiency at above-mentioned prior art existence, the objective of the invention is to, a kind of preparation method of aluminum-magnesium ultrafine crystal sandwich construction advanced composite material (ACM) is proposed, this method just can be produced the Al/Mg/Al ultrafine crystal composite plate with multilayer structure material of different size with the ratio of Al:Mg:Al=1:1~50:1, to satisfy the demand of industry-by-industry to composite.
In order to realize above-mentioned task, the present invention takes following technical solution:
A kind of preparation method of aluminum-magnesium ultrafine crystal composite plate with multilayer structure, it is characterized in that, it is raw material that this method is selected sheet material Al or Al alloy, Mg or Mg alloy, the structure sheaf of the ultrafine crystal composite plate with multilayer structure of preparation is Al/Mg/Al successively, or Al alloy/Mg alloy/Al alloy, or Al/Mg alloy/Al; It prepares the method that adopts the accumulation composite rolling, specifically may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, Al or Al alloy and Mg or Mg alloy sheets surface are polished, make its surperficial roughness Ra≤12.5 μ m with wire brush;
Step 2, the plate surface of handling is cleaned, remove the metal fillings and the impurity of plate surface with acetone or ethanol solution;
Step 3, the Al after will cleaning or Al alloy, Mg or Mg alloy are successively by the Al/Mg/Al order or successively by Al alloy/Mg alloy/Al alloy order or be stacked together in the mode of hamburger in proper order by Al/Mg alloy/Al successively, then with it from an end certain gradient of fixing and polish, so that milling train is nipped;
Step 4, above-mentioned superimposed good sheet material is placed resistance furnace, under 225 ℃~400 ℃ conditions, be incubated 5~120 minutes and heat-treat;
Step 5, the sheet material after the heat treatment taken out be placed on the milling train, under the condition of 225 ℃~400 ℃ of rolling temperatures, the reduction in pass with 50% is rolled;
Step 6, with the sheet material after rolling cut off portion's raw edges and burr, be cut into two equivalent parts again, repeating step one is to the operation of step 5 then, and carries out the accumulation composite rolling of multi-pass;
Step 7, the sheet material that will accumulate behind the composite rolling are placed in the protection annealing furnace, heat-treat under the condition of 100~450 ℃, temperature retention time 30-120 minute, cool to room temperature then with the furnace and take out, and promptly obtain ultrafine crystal composite plate with multilayer structure.
The present invention adopts the violent plastic deformation process of accumulation composite rolling, Al, Mg and alloy sheets thereof effectively are combined with each other, and form sandwich construction, the effectively tissue of refinement material, and increased the bond strength at interface, improved the performance of composite board significantly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of Al/Mg/Al ultrafine crystal composite plate with multilayer structure of the present invention.
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment that accompanying drawing and inventor provide.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Referring to Fig. 1, the preparation method of aluminum-magnesium ultrafine crystal composite plate with multilayer structure of the present invention, selecting sheet material Al or Al alloy, Mg or Mg alloy is raw material, the structure sheaf of the ultrafine crystal composite plate with multilayer structure of preparation is Al/Mg/Al successively, or Al alloy/Mg alloy/Al alloy, or Al/Mg alloy/Al; It prepares the method that adopts the accumulation composite rolling, specifically implements according to the following steps:
One, with wire brush Al or Al alloy and Mg or Mg sheet alloy surface are polished, make its surperficial roughness Ra≤12.5 μ m;
Two, with acetone or ethanol solution the plate surface of handling is cleaned, remove the metal fillings of plate surface and impurity etc.;
Three, the Al after will cleaning or Al alloy, Mg or Mg alloy are successively by the Al/Mg/Al order or successively by Al alloy/Mg alloy/Al alloy order or be stacked together in the mode of hamburger in proper order by Al/Mg alloy/Al successively, then with it from an end certain gradient of fixing and polish, so that milling train is nipped (Fig. 2);
Four, above-mentioned superimposed good steel plate is placed resistance furnace, under 225 ℃~400 ℃, 5 minutes~120 minutes condition of insulation, heat-treat;
Five, the sheet material after the heat treatment is taken out being placed on the milling train, under 225~400 ℃ condition, is that 50% drafts is rolled with draught per pass;
Six, the sheet material after rolling is cut off portion's raw edges and burr are cut into two equivalent parts again, and repeating step one is to the operation of step 5 then, and carry out the accumulation composite rolling of multi-pass;
Seven, the sheet material that will accumulate behind the composite rolling is placed in the protection annealing furnace; under the condition of 100 ℃~450 ℃, temperature retention time 30-120 minute, heat-treat; cool to room temperature then with the furnace and take out, promptly obtain the ultra-fine brilliant multilayer structure composite steel plate of Al/Mg/Al order.
Above-mentioned Al alloy is: aluminium-copper series alloy, aluminium-Mn series alloy, aluminium-Si system alloy, aluminium-magnesium are that alloy, aluminium-magnesium-Si system alloy, aluminium-zinc-magnesium-copper series alloy, aluminium-lithium are wherein any of alloy, aluminium and aluminum alloy honeycomb plate, foamed aluminium;
Above-mentioned Mg alloy is that magnesium-lithium is wherein a kind of of alloy, magnesium-Mn series alloy, magnesium-aluminium-zinc-Mn series alloy, magnesium-rare earth-based alloy, magnesium and magnesium alloy.
The thickness of Al or Al alloy is: 0.5~2.0mm; The thickness of Mg or Mg alloy is: 1.0~5.0mm.
Al or Al alloy with the thickness ratio of Mg or Mg alloy are: 1:1~50, the gross thickness of superimposed back sheet metal layer is less than 15mm.
The aluminum-magnesium ultrafine crystal composite plate with multilayer structure of above-mentioned accumulation composite rolling method preparation, its crystallite dimension is about 1 μ m.
Embodiment 2:
In the present embodiment, present embodiment is that with the different of embodiment 1 surface treatment mode of sheet material is different, adopts chemical method to remove the oxide of plate surface earlier, promptly uses NaOH, HNO at first respectively 3The aqueous solution cleans, and remove descale, greasy dirt and impurity, and water rinses; Then with wire brush/plumage cloth wheel etc. to polishing on the surface of aluminium and aluminium alloy plate and magnesium and magnesium alloy plate and cellular board; Clean plate surface with acetone or ethanol solution at last.Other steps with embodiment 1 are identical.
According to the aluminum-magnesium ultrafine crystal composite plate with multilayer structure of method preparation of the present invention, structure sheaf is Al/Mg/Al successively, or Al alloy/Mg alloy/Al alloy, or Al/Mg alloy/Al; The invention is not restricted to the foregoing description, certainly,, can also prepare the ultra-fine brilliant sandwich construction composite of needed Al/Mg at specific use according to method of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1, a kind of preparation method of aluminum-magnesium ultrafine crystal composite plate with multilayer structure, it is characterized in that, it is raw material that this method is selected sheet material Al or Al alloy, Mg or Mg alloy, the structure sheaf of the ultrafine crystal composite plate with multilayer structure of preparation is Al/Mg/Al successively, or Al alloy/Mg alloy/Al alloy, or Al/Mg alloy/Al; It prepares the method that adopts the accumulation composite rolling, specifically may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, Al or Al alloy and Mg or Mg alloy sheets surface are polished, make its surperficial roughness Ra≤12.5 μ m with wire brush;
Step 2, the plate surface of handling is cleaned, remove the metal fillings and the impurity of plate surface with acetone or ethanol solution;
Step 3, the Al after will cleaning or Al alloy, Mg or Mg alloy are successively by the Al/Mg/Al order or successively by Al alloy/Mg alloy/Al alloy order or be stacked together in the mode of hamburger in proper order by Al/Mg alloy/Al successively, then with it from an end certain gradient of fixing and polish, so that milling train is nipped;
Step 4, above-mentioned superimposed good sheet material is placed resistance furnace, under 225 ℃~400 ℃ conditions, be incubated 5~120 minutes and heat-treat;
Step 5, the sheet material after the heat treatment taken out be placed on the milling train, under the condition of 225 ℃~400 ℃ of rolling temperatures, the reduction in pass with 50% is rolled;
Step 6, with the sheet material after rolling cut off portion's raw edges and burr, be cut into two equivalent parts again, repeating step one is to the operation of step 5 then, and carries out the accumulation composite rolling of multi-pass;
Step 7, the sheet material that will accumulate behind the composite rolling are placed in the protection annealing furnace, heat-treat under the condition of 100~450 ℃, temperature retention time 30-120 minute, cool to room temperature then with the furnace and take out, and promptly obtain ultrafine crystal composite plate with multilayer structure.
2, the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described Al alloy is: aluminium-copper series alloy, aluminium-Mn series alloy, aluminium-Si system alloy, aluminium-magnesium are that alloy, aluminium-magnesium-Si system alloy, aluminium-zinc-magnesium-copper series alloy, aluminium-lithium are wherein any of alloy, aluminium and aluminum alloy honeycomb plate, foamed aluminium;
Described Mg alloy is that magnesium-lithium is wherein a kind of of alloy, magnesium-Mn series alloy, magnesium-aluminium-zinc-Mn series alloy, magnesium-rare earth-based alloy, magnesium and magnesium alloy.
3, method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: the thickness of Al or Al alloy is: 0.5~2.0mm; The thickness of Mg or Mg alloy is: 1.0~5.0mm.
4, method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, described Al or Al alloy with the thickness ratio of Mg or Mg alloy are: 1:1~50, the gross thickness of superimposed back sheet metal layer is less than 15mm.
5, method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, it is to use NaOH, HNO at first respectively that sheet material Al or Al alloy, Mg or Mg alloy are carried out the chemical surface cleaning technology 3The aqueous solution cleans, and remove descale, greasy dirt and impurity, and water rinses; Then with wire brush/plumage cloth wheel etc. to polishing on the surface of aluminium and aluminium alloy plate and magnesium and magnesium alloy plate and cellular board; Clean plate surface with acetone or ethanol solution at last.
6, method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, its crystallite dimension of ultrafine crystal composite plate with multilayer structure of described accumulation composite rolling method preparation is about 1 μ m.
CN 200910022001 2009-04-13 2009-04-13 Method for preparing aluminum-magnesium ultrafine crystal composite plate with multilayer structure Expired - Fee Related CN101530860B (en)

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CN101992345A (en) * 2010-08-26 2011-03-30 中国兵器工业第五二研究所 Compound preparation method of aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy laminated plate
CN102489530A (en) * 2011-12-01 2012-06-13 上海交通大学 Preparation method and device for three-dimensional (3D) gradient plates produced through multi-layer rolling and multi-point electric pulse treatment
CN103962376A (en) * 2014-03-29 2014-08-06 吉林大学 Large reduction rolling method for magnesium alloy
CN104907334A (en) * 2015-06-02 2015-09-16 哈尔滨工程大学 Machining method for preparing Al/Mg/Al alloy composite board by rolling
CN106493170A (en) * 2016-09-19 2017-03-15 哈尔滨工程大学 The method of the Mg Li/Al materials manufactured by accumulation ply rolling
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CN109130384A (en) * 2018-08-23 2019-01-04 同济大学 Carbon fiber reinforced magnesium aluminium laminated composite plate and preparation method thereof for automobile chassis
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CN114292995A (en) * 2021-12-01 2022-04-08 长沙新材料产业研究院有限公司 Aluminum-magnesium composite board and preparation method thereof
CN114632835A (en) * 2022-03-11 2022-06-17 广东省科学院新材料研究所 Magnesium-aluminum multilayer composite board and preparation method thereof
CN114632835B (en) * 2022-03-11 2024-02-06 广东省科学院新材料研究所 Magnesium-aluminum multilayer composite board and preparation method thereof

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