CN101528451B - 用于制袋的设备及其方法 - Google Patents

用于制袋的设备及其方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101528451B
CN101528451B CN200780007725.1A CN200780007725A CN101528451B CN 101528451 B CN101528451 B CN 101528451B CN 200780007725 A CN200780007725 A CN 200780007725A CN 101528451 B CN101528451 B CN 101528451B
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China
Prior art keywords
sealing
heating wire
face sheet
bag making
sealing strip
Prior art date
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN200780007725.1A
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English (en)
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CN101528451A (zh
Inventor
P·A·塞尔
C·A·绍西尔
T·L·莱茨克
B·J·施莫尔
C·L·怀特
A·R·约翰逊
G·T·普雷尔维奇
M·J·施蒂克尼
T·C·詹森
K·C·拉德特克
C·H·邵德
P·A·约翰逊
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CMD Corp
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CMD Corp
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Publication of CN101528451A publication Critical patent/CN101528451A/zh
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Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B70/00—Making flexible containers, e.g. envelopes or bags
    • B31B70/14—Cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting or trimming
    • B31B70/146—Cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting or trimming using tools mounted on a drum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/10—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using hot gases (e.g. combustion gases) or flames coming in contact with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1403—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the type of electromagnetic or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1412—Infrared [IR] radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1429—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1464—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of several radiators
    • B29C65/1467—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of several radiators at the same time, i.e. simultaneous welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/22—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
    • B29C65/221—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the type of heated wire, resistive ribbon, band or strip
    • B29C65/222—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the type of heated wire, resistive ribbon, band or strip comprising at least a single heated wire
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/22—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
    • B29C65/229—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the means for tensioning said heated wire, resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/24—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools characterised by the means for heating the tool
    • B29C65/30—Electrical means
    • B29C65/305—Electrical means involving the use of cartridge heaters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/38—Impulse heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/741—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area characterised by the relationships between the joining step and the severing step
    • B29C65/7411—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area characterised by the relationships between the joining step and the severing step characterised by the temperature relationship between the joining step and the severing step
    • B29C65/7412—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area characterised by the relationships between the joining step and the severing step characterised by the temperature relationship between the joining step and the severing step the joining step and the severing step being performed at different temperatures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/743—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using the same tool for both joining and severing, said tool being monobloc or formed by several parts mounted together and forming a monobloc
    • B29C65/7433—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using the same tool for both joining and severing, said tool being monobloc or formed by several parts mounted together and forming a monobloc the tool being a wire
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/743—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using the same tool for both joining and severing, said tool being monobloc or formed by several parts mounted together and forming a monobloc
    • B29C65/7437—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using the same tool for both joining and severing, said tool being monobloc or formed by several parts mounted together and forming a monobloc the tool being a perforating tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/745—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool
    • B29C65/7451—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool the severing tool and the welding tool being movable with respect to one-another
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/745—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool
    • B29C65/7453—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool the severing tool being a wire
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/745—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool
    • B29C65/7457—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool comprising a perforating tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/23—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being multiple and parallel or being in the form of tessellations
    • B29C66/232—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being multiple and parallel or being in the form of tessellations said joint lines being multiple and parallel, i.e. the joint being formed by several parallel joint lines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/3472—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined using particular temperature distributions or gradients; using particular heat distributions or gradients in the plane of the joint, e.g. along the joint line in the plane of the joint or perpendicular to the joint line in the plane of the joint
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/735—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
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    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/8124—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the structure of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81241—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the structure of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps being porous or sintered
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    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8126—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8126—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
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Abstract

描述了一种用于制造袋子的机器和方法，包括幅片，该幅片从输入段输送至转鼓，进而输送至输出段。所述转鼓包括至少一个密封条，具有第一密封带和邻近的削弱带。所述削弱带可以是加热穿孔器，包括电热丝，或者是其配置能够形成辅助的密封区域。所述电热丝可以具有电源，或连接至电源，该电源具有可调节的电压或者电流，和/或脉冲，和/或反馈回路。所述电热丝可以是NiCr线，并且使其与所述幅片断续接触，还配置有插入件。所述削弱带可以形成削弱线，并具有相同或改变的强度，所述削弱带是分离区域，或者包括加热膜、带齿的刀刃、一排针、空气源或者真空源。

Description

用于制袋的设备及其方法
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及制袋技术领域。尤其是涉及一种制袋机和制袋方法，将薄膜或幅片进行密封、穿孔，从而制作袋子，或者形成一条薄弱线，将相邻的由幅片制作的袋子进行分隔。
背景技术
已知有多种制袋机。其中一种是转鼓式制袋设备。转鼓式制袋设备是为公众所熟知的。在美国专利6117058、4934993、5518559、5587032和4642084中进行了详细说明(每一专利均结合于此，并作为参考)。
在上述专利中的可以发现对于旋转制袋机运行的详细说明，但是它们总体上的运行可以参照附图1。现有技术中的旋转制袋机100对幅片201进行连续处理，其中使用了浮辊总成203，一对转鼓内辊205和206(203-206属于输入段的一部分)，密封转鼓208，一对转鼓外辊210和211，密封毛毡213，一对切刀内辊215和216，切刀218(可以是任何其它的幅片处理装置，诸如：穿孔器，刀，冲切机，穿孔台，或者折叠台)，一对切刀外辊219和220(210-220属于输出段的一部分)，以及控制器221。输入段（如此处应用的那样）包括制袋机部分，在此对幅片进行接收，诸如退绕和浮辊总成。输出段（如此处应用的那样）包括作用于幅片的下游的密封成型总成，诸如穿孔机，绕线机，折叠机等等。
幅片是通过浮辊总成203传送至转鼓208的。转鼓208包括多个密封条209。密封条受热，形成将幅片制造为袋子的密封。幅片201通过Teflon?涂层的毛毡保持在转鼓208（和密封条）上。由转鼓所形成的密封之间的距离与袋子的长度（以端对端的方式形成的袋子）或者袋子的宽度(以侧面密封的形式形成的袋子)相关。端对端的袋子是由转鼓上的一个密封形成的，而侧面相对的袋子是由一对密封形成的。转鼓的直径可以调整和/或未应用全部的密封条，从而确定了密封之间的距离，进而确定的袋子的尺寸。
总体而言，旋转运动的制袋设备对准下游的旋转刀，从而在两个密封之间或密封之外进行穿孔。由于张力的变化、薄幅片厚度偏差或者设备的变化等原因，有时会引起密封的切断。附图1中的现有技术，使得幅片201离开转鼓208后直接进至旋转刀218，旋转刀218形成了袋子之间的穿孔，或者使相邻的袋子分离。当袋子采用端对端袋子的形式时，穿孔的位置接近于单一密封处，使得当袋子分离时，穿孔和穿孔端就位于袋子的上部，此时，密封是在相邻袋子的底部。理想的情况下，穿孔应当接近密封处以减少浪费，尽管在实践中这是困难的。当袋子采用采用侧面相对的方式时，穿孔应当位于一对密封之间。密封需要位于穿孔的两侧，如此，两个袋子的侧面都能得到密封。但是，位于成对密封之间的幅片就被浪费了。因此，成对的密封应当彼此靠近以减少浪费，尽管在实践中这样也是困难的。
控制器221连接至不同的部件，从而控制速度、位置等。传感器可以用来检测幅片上的印痕，从而形成密封和/或使穿孔对准密封（使穿孔相对于密封处于正确的位置）。此外，传感器还可以探测密封，从而使穿孔处于正确的位置。已经证明对密封进行探测是困难的。在现有技术中，对于密封进行探测的一个例子描述于美国专利6792807中，结合于此并作为参考。如果穿孔过于接近密封的一侧，密封就有可能被切断，使袋子毫无用处。
因为对于密封的探测是困难的，于是在袋子的制造中产生了许多浪费，或者袋子本身被毁弃了。所浪费的幅片（即：位于密封与临近的穿孔之间的幅片）或者制造被毁弃袋子的幅片具有非常高的成本，尤其是对于那些高速制袋机而言，这是由于这些机器每小时制造的袋子的数量非常大。
另一个问题在于，相对于密封的穿孔有可能是歪斜的，这是因为穿孔是在下游形成的，并且幅片会产生游移或者延伸。此外，机械式的穿孔刀必须每隔几天就进行校准，以便正常运行。总体而言，尖锐的机械刀具不能进行调整，从而改变穿孔的力量，并且这些刀具成本高、复杂，而且难以使用。
其它种类的制袋机，诸如间歇运动的制袋机（非转鼓型的制袋机），使用熔化密封的方式，同时进行密封、切割或者穿孔，但是由于往复运动、驻留时间的原因，其速度限定于300 fpm，并且难以对松散的袋子进行处理。其它的的间歇运动制袋机，诸如CMD Icon ，具有整体带齿的刀刃的密封条。此种CMD CM 300 制袋机通过摆动运动，从而移动具有整体带齿的刀刃的密封条。总体而言，间歇运动制袋机没有转鼓型连续制袋设备运转的那样快，因此，每台时工作量制造的袋子也更少。
因此，对于制造袋子的方法和设备而言，需要强化使穿孔接近于密封的能力。优选的是，在不设置下游切刀的情况下予以实现，以避免与此相关的问题。此外，优选的是采用连续运动的制袋设备，从而避免速度的下降，以及与间歇运动相关的困难。
发明内容
一种根据本发明第一方面的制袋机，包括：输入段、转鼓和输出段，其中幅片从输入段输送至转鼓，再输送至输出段。所述转鼓包括至少一个密封条，所述密封条具有第一密封和邻近第一密封带的削弱带。
根据不同的实施例，削弱带可以是加热穿孔器，和/或包括电热丝，和/或邻近穿孔设置辅助密封区域。电热丝具有（或连接至）电源，该电源具有可调节电压或者电流和/或脉冲，和/或在实施例中提供了反馈回路。
电热丝是镍铬电阻丝，优选的是大约80%镍和大约20%铬，和/或其配置使得与幅片断续接触，和/或具有大约4 ohms /ft的电阻，和/或在不同的实施例中，在密封带之间配置插入的插入件。
在其它的实施例中，插入件由玻璃云母组成和/或具有多个孔，所述孔沿着横向的线进行配置。
在不同的实施例中，削弱带以强度改变的方式沿着削弱线配置，和/或是分离区域，和/或包括加热膜，和/或包括带齿的刀刃，和/或包括一排针，和/或包括指向幅片的空气源，和/或包括真空源。
在另一个实施例中，带齿的刀刃是可缩进的。
在另一个实施例中，密封条具有第二密封带，使得削弱带邻近且位于第一和第二密封带。在其它的实施例中，在机器方向上，第一和第二密封带中心之间的距离少于大约0.01、0.1和0.30英寸。
在不同的实施例中，第一和第二密封带包括多个独立的温度控制带，能够形成侧面密封和带密封，和/或包括具有多个加热区的加热筒，和/或包括空气源，其配置能够至少冷却第一和第二密封带的一部分，和/或包括至少一个将热空气导向幅片的孔，和/或包括至少一个超声波能量源、微波能量源和/或放射热量源。
在其它的实施例中，密封毛毡将幅片保持在转鼓上，可以由聚酯材料制成，该聚酯材料具有与幅片相接触的硅树脂层。
在另一个实施例中，转鼓具有可调节的直径。
根据本发明的第二方面，一种制袋的方法，包括幅片的接收，在转鼓上应用密封条，从而在幅片上形成第一密封，以及邻近第一密封形成削弱区域；削弱区域是在第一密封的至少一部分形成时所形成的。
在不同的实施例中，削弱区域形成的时间少于第一密封形成的时间，其形成时间大约为第一密封形成时间的一半。
其它的实施例中，削弱区域的形成包括形成一致的削弱线，和/或形成穿孔，和/或形成强度改变的削弱线，和/或将空气导向至幅片上。
在不同的实施例中，穿孔的形成包括加热线，和/或使用加热薄幅片，和/或使用带齿的刀刃与幅片接触，在穿孔形成后，带齿的刀刃可以缩回或者不能缩回；和/或使用一排针与幅片接触，和/或在邻近穿孔的位置形成辅助密封。
在其它的实施例中，线具有能量供给，以可调节的电压和/或脉冲的方式进行。
在不同的实施例中，线的热量以信号指示的方式进行监视，对此信号进行响应，以进行能量的控制。
在另一个实施例中，第二密封的形成使得削弱区域邻近并位于第一和第二密封之间。在不同的实施例中，在机器方向上，第一和第二密封中心之间的距离少于大约0.50、0.3、0.1和0.01英寸。
在不同的实施例中，第一和第二密封具有多个独立的温度控制带，和/或多个独立的冷却温度带，和/或由超声波能量、微波能量和/或放射热量形成。
根据本发明的第三方面，一种用于旋转制袋机的穿孔器是用于转鼓的插入件，其包括削弱带。它可以或者不能够改进现有的制袋设备。
参照附图、具体实施方式和附加的权利要求，本发明的主要特征和优点对于本领域的熟练技术人员而言将更为清楚。
附图说明
附图1显示了根据现有技术的制袋机。
附图2显示了根据本发明的转鼓。
附图3是根据本发明的密封条的端视图。
附图4根据本发明的密封条的侧视图。
附图5是根据本发明的密封条的端视图。
附图6是根据本发明的密封条的端视图。
附图7是根据本发明的密封条的侧视图。
附图8是根据本发明的密封条的端视图。
附图9是根据本发明的密封条的侧视图。
附图10是根据本发明的密封条的端视图。
附图11是根据本发明的密封条的侧视图。
附图12是根据本发明的密封条的端视图。
附图13是根据本发明的密封条的端视图。
附图14是根据本发明的密封条的侧视图。
附图15是根据本发明的密封条的断面的侧视图。
附图16是根据本发明的密封条的断面的侧视图。
附图17是根据本发明的插入件的一部分。
附图18显示了根据本发明的插入件的一部分。
附图19显示了根据本发明的插入件的一部分。
附图20显示了根据本发明的插入件的一部分。
附图21显示了根据本发明的插入件的一部分。
附图22显示了根据本发明的插入件的一部分。
附图23显示了根据本发明的插入件的一部分。
附图24是根据本发明的密封条的透视图。
附图25是根据本发明的密封条的侧视图。
附图26显示了根据本发明的插入件的一部分。
附图27是附图26中插入件的侧视图。
附图28是根据本发明的密封和削弱区域。
在详细说明本发明的至少一个实施例之前，应该懂得，本发明在其应用方面并不局限于以下说明书中所阐述或附图中所示的结构和布置细节。本发明能够有其它实施例，或者以各种方式来实施或实现。另外，还应该懂得，这里采用的措词和用语是为了说明的目的，而不应该认为是限制性的。相似的附图标记用于指示相似的部件。
具体实施方式
尽管会参考特定的制袋机对本发明进行说明，但是应该认识到，本发明也可以应用于其它的制袋机，也可以应用其它的部件。制袋机（如此处应用的那样），包括：用于制造袋子的设备，诸如：提袋，非提袋型袋子，以及其它种类的袋子。任何的输入段(例如：退绕和浮辊）和任何的输出段(例如：绕线机，折叠机）都可以应用本发明。
总体上，本发明提供了一种旋转制袋机，具有输入段、转鼓部分和输出段。在转鼓上形成穿孔或削弱线，使得至少可以在部分时间内形成密封。例如，在旋转制袋机中，幅片与转鼓接触大约一半的转鼓周期，穿孔器在四分之一的转鼓周期内穿孔。密封条包括随着转鼓，的密封区域和加热部分，从而形成密封。密封条（如此处应用的那样）包括一总成，例如转鼓，可以进行加热，将幅片进行封闭，以及固定机构，穿孔器等，密封区域（如此处应用的那样）包括进行密封的密封条部分。
密封条具有独立的温度控制区域，例如：可以对提袋的侧面密封部分施加更多的热量。独立的温度控制区域（如此处应用的那样），包括：沿着密封区域且能够控制或者产生不同温度的温度区域。
穿孔器或者削弱带可以支承在密封条上，例如：插入件的一部分。随着密封的形成，削弱带可以产生穿孔或削弱带。穿孔可以由热、辐射或机械接触形成。削弱区域（如此处应用的那样），包括一个幅片在此区域会被削弱的区域，例如：通过穿孔，或者通过将幅片的一部分熔化或烧熔的方式。
插入件可以选择性地包括用于将邻接的袋子进行分离的分离区。典型地是要求比削弱或射孔部分具有更多的热量。分离区（如此处应用的那样），包括将邻接的袋子进行分离的密封条部分。
如果袋子属于由一对密封制成的侧面密封的袋子，穿孔器优选的是邻接并位于一对密封区域之间。邻接（如此处应用的那样）包括：固定于或接近于。在密封区域之间的区域（如此处应用的那样），意味着该区域位于单一的密封条总成之上，且位于两个热密封末端之间。
因此，穿孔与密封保持一致或者恰当地临近于密封。由于成对的侧面密封之间的距离减小了，从而可以减少幅片的浪费。尽管典型的现有技术中的制袋机在侧面密封之间具有1英寸的距离，但是优选的方案的距离大约为0.5英寸，更优选的方案的大约为0.3英寸，以及最优选的方案侧面密封之间的距离近至0.01英寸。大约（如此处应用的那样）包括：在程度上足够接近于给定值，在功能上与给定的数值实质上相同。
此种具有插入件的穿孔器替换了下游的穿孔器，而该下游的穿孔器每隔几天就需要进行再调整，此外，插入件（如此处应用的那样）相对于密封条，包括支承于密封条的总成，也就是说除了密封区域之外，能够进行密封的总成。
各式各样的穿孔器均可以应用，例如：电热丝，加热薄幅片，带齿刀具等。加热膜（如此处应用的那样）包括用于对特定区域进行加热的薄膜。通过控制施加于穿孔器上的热量（或压力），可以对穿孔强度进行调节。穿孔可以进行清楚的定义，即削弱线或者在强度上变化的削弱线。削弱线在强度上的变化（如此处应用的那样）包括：沿着该线或弯曲部分的幅片的强度的变化，例如：一种穿孔，或着是这样一种线，并没有去除此处的幅片，但是幅片在此具有高、低强度交替的区域。
利用加热的穿孔器有益于在穿孔部位或者削弱线产生辅助的密封区域。加热的穿孔器（如此处应用的那样）包括：应用热能进行穿孔的装置，这是通过接触、对流、传导或者辐射热进行的。电热丝（如此处应用的那样）是用于加热的线，诸如在线中通过电流。辅助密封区域（如此处应用的那样）包括：通过利用热量形成穿孔所形成的密封区域。穿孔的边缘可以包括将幅片密封的条带。这就通过相区别的密封区域增加了附加的幅片的密封。辐射热（如此处应用的那样）包括：电磁辐射、超声辐射、热辐射等形式的热。
加热穿孔器可以包括与幅片断续碰触的线，从而产生穿孔的图案。在幅片与密封或者穿孔部件之间的断续碰触（如此处应用的那样）包括：幅片与上述部件在某些位置上的接触，以及在其它位置上的非接触，诸如：沿着机器方向上的线路交替地进行接触和非接触。
对现有设备进行改进的一个实施例是通过将插入件设置于现存的密封条上，或者通过将具有削弱带的密封条替换进行的，而具有的削弱带诸如可以是一个插入件。
毛毡可以是现有技术中的那些毛毡，尽管优选的方案是包括Habisit ?硅树脂皮带的毛毡，由双层聚酯材料制成，末端长度具有1/8"的基底硅树脂涂层。其它的毛毡优选的是能够承受高的间断温度(600-800F)，在此温度下可以达到烧熔穿孔的条件，并且具有良好的释放特征，使得幅片不会粘着于皮带上，在各种实施例中可以是Teflon ?、硅、及其混合物等等。
现在参照附图2，该图显示了与本发明一致的转鼓200。转鼓200包括四个密封条229和毛毡230，毛毡230将幅片或者薄幅片保持在转鼓200和密封条229上。转鼓200的操作总体上类似于现有技术中的转鼓，但是密封条229包括穿孔器。
转鼓200优选的是类似于CMD 1270 GDS Global Drawtape System?，并且在600fpm的速度下具有0.5秒密封驻留时间，还具有可调节的直径，从而易于改变产品的循环长度。它具有4个密封条，等间距的布置于圆周上，跨距为50"的幅片宽度。这种转鼓例如可以用于制造垃圾桶的衬里或者垃圾袋。其它的转鼓可以由或多或少的密封条组成，并具有或大或小的直径，或者是具有或宽或窄的幅片的宽度。
现在参照附图3，该图显示了密封条229的端视图。密封条229在转鼓的宽度上延伸，并且包括：两个封闭带302和304，加热筒310和热电偶308。插入件306包括安装在密封条300上的穿孔器。
密封条300优选的是在给定的幅片的宽度上具有相同的温度范围，在所形成的侧面密封的边缘具有独立的温度控制区域，同时与密封条401形成带密封。加热筒310是常规的绕制温度带，诸如在优选的方案中，可以从Watlow?或者Thermal Corp 获得。该温度剖面图可以用于特定的或不同温度的设定组合（尤其是在薄幅片的情形下更为需要），并且可以利用压缩空气对加热带进行冷却，如下文中说明的那样。空气冷却还可以用于隔离不同的温度带，这些温度带彼此相邻，但是具有极为不同的温度，诸如：在不同的实施例中，300F(密封条304)用于侧面密封，但是，450(密封条401)用于带密封。
现在参照附图4，该图显示了密封条229的侧视图。在优选的方案中，密封条229包括用于带密封的第一温度带和用于形成侧面密封的第二温度带402。温度带402可以包括多个温度带403、404和405。
在一个选择性的实施例中，提供了仅用于形成侧面密封的密封条，没有带密封带。在另一个实施例中，提供了一个密封条，用于形成仅一个密封(在此实施例中，优选的是未设置辅助密封)的底部密封。附图5是密封条500的端视图，密封条500具有单一的密封带501，以形成总体的烧熔，进而分离邻接的袋子。削弱带可以安装在密封条500上，从而形成削弱区域。相对于侧面密封的布置，削弱带可以按照此处的描述形成。
附图6(端视图)和附图7(侧视图)显示了密封条600，具有单一的密封带601，以形成总体的烧熔，在端部具有穿孔切口701。在不同的实施例中，在那里的密封条和加热器可以由不同的材料组成，诸如：铸铝制的加热管（可以从Watlow?获得）。
在另一个实施例中，加热筒310可以由柔性的硅橡胶加热器901和903替换，如附图8和9所示。加热器901和903使用压敏粘结剂(可以从Watlow?获得)固定于铝制密封条的侧面。
在附图10(端视图)和11(侧视图)中，显示了选择性的密封条1000。密封条1000包括镍铬电阻丝或者电热丝(Ni -Cr金属丝)1001和1002，并连接到DC 或者AC 电源1005上。金属丝可以具有分离的电源、并联的金属丝或者串联的线段。输送至金属丝的电能可以是恒定的，也可以是间断的脉冲，或者具有变化的电压。适当的脉冲时间允许在幅片离开转鼓之前，使得密封冷却，从而易于从密封条上将幅片进行分离。
在另一个实施例中，在附图12(端视图)中显示了密封条1200。密封条1200利用聚焦的红外光进行密封，并且包括：光源1202和1204，反射体1206和1208，以及玻璃镶条1210和1212。玻璃镶条1210和1212的表面优选的是涂有Teflon ?或者相似的脱模剂。
在其它的实施例中，激光或者聚焦的光指向移动的或者枢转的镜子或者透镜。激光可以定位于转鼓200的中心，并且枢转的镜子(或者线性操作机构)可用于使激光穿过位于转鼓周边的玻璃密封条（此外，玻璃可以具有涂层，从而便于释放）。密封条可以具有由连续线玻璃形成我密封，以及交替间断的不透明区域，从而形成穿孔。
在附图13(端视图)和附图14(侧视图)中显示了另一个选择性的密封条1300。密封条1300通过管1301和1302使用压缩空气。多个孔1305形成于位于密封带302和304表面上成对的凹槽1307和1308内。其它的选择是使出超声波、微波或者辐射，对幅片进行加热。
在优选的方案中，插入件306具有Ni -Cr金属线编织成为能够与幅片形成断续接触的形状。Ni -Cr 金属线在一半的第一驻留时间(即：幅片保持于密封条上的时间)获得电流脉冲，以及在一半的第二驻留时间允许进行冷却的，使得当幅片从穿孔器上分离时，穿孔是非熔化的。这就允许使用更坚固的幅片，从而减少幅片在金属丝上的粘着，也消除了穿孔熔化的机会。
现在参照附图15，该图显示了插入件306断面的侧视图，在优选的方案中，具有0.12英寸厚的可机加工的玻璃云母陶瓷(可以从McMaster /Carr 获得)，并且设置一排孔1501，也就是说，沿着插入件306的50英寸的长度上，交替地间隔0.25"和0.12"进行设置。电阻或者电热丝1502由80%镍和铬组成，直径为0.013"，4ohms /ft ，退火软化（可以从Pelican Wire Co. 获得），在孔组成地图案中迂回穿行，使得在幅片所面对的表面上具有较长的长度，而在相对的表面上具有较短的长度（孔之间）。金属丝1502平铺在云母上，孔是圆形的，以减少金属丝的应力。高温(650F)柔性硅树脂填料用于将围绕金属丝（可以从NAPA 765-1203 PTEX HI-T获得）的孔和气隙填满。这就减少了金属丝上的热点，并且允许金属丝1502在各周期进行延伸和收缩。在优选的方案中，使用织纹设计以减少对大量的金属丝张紧装置的需要，张紧装置会用于替代性的设计中，这是因为在每个周期内，50"长的金属丝会延伸0.38"。0.03英寸厚的(未显示)玻璃云母层应用于插入件306的底部(未面对幅片的一侧)，从而将金属丝与铝外壳隔离。优选的是，插入件的尺寸适应于现有密封条的设计。在优选的方案中，可调节的DC 或者AC 电源在第一半的驻留时间内提供脉冲能量。
一个替代性的设计显示于附图16中，其中插入件306具有金属丝1502，金属丝1502推入云母玻璃插入件306上的一系列空腔1601内。空腔在插入件306的50英寸的长度上延伸，每间隔0.25英寸进行设置，并且直径为0.12英寸。空腔内填满柔性的硅树脂填料。
在本发明的另一个实施例中，包括插入件2600（显示于附图26中），还包括分离高温层2601，例如：用于对带部分进行加热。在不同的实施例中，提供了区域2601，用于在具有或者没有穿孔的情况下延伸穿过幅片（例如：穿孔可以穿过带，并且密封可以在幅片的宽度上延伸）。在区域2601内，提供了0.020英寸的云母层(或者Glastherm HT?层)2603。孔每间隔0.312英寸进行设置，在区域2601内的直径为0.030英寸。插入件是0.25英寸宽，而密封(在穿孔之间形成的)是0.5英寸。
在附图27中显示了插入件2600的侧视图，显示了NiCr金属丝2701配置于区域2601内的孔中。金属丝优选的是在区域2601内的直径为0.0089英寸。金属丝2701串联至0.0126的NiCr金属丝2703(应用了卷曲2705)。更粗的金属丝要求更大的孔(在优选的方案中是0.062英寸)。可以通过金属线尺寸的选择，进而选择导线电阻，以及相应所提供的热量。金属丝2703焊接至和/或卷绕优选的银针，以连接至高温金属丝2707。
金属丝可以接通和关闭(电流)，以控制金属丝/密封的温度。例如：在金属丝与幅片(或者毛毡)接触后，立刻接通金属丝，然后在与幅片接触的末端，立刻关闭金属丝。替代性的方案包括：除了串联在金属丝2701和2703之间的高温层外，连接更多高温层(和线接头/类型)，通过控制外部电阻/电压或者电流的大小，诸如PWM，从而进行热量控制。如果应用了电位计，可以通过调节电位计，进而对相对温度进行调节。其它的实施例包括对于这些技术手段的组合，或者其它的增/删方案。这些及其他的实施例可以是可以应用于任何的其它袋子，其中穿孔需要邻接于密封，诸如：T-恤袋子，提袋，侧面密封的袋子等等。
毛毡优选的是具有0.05-0.012英寸厚经过糙面精整的硅橡胶顶面，肖氏硬度为70-90，在初始段具有滑石粉。金属丝可以使用Resbond?高温粘接剂固定在孔内，高温粘接剂使用注射器注入孔内。例如：可以使用硬的或者柔性粘合剂，或者两者交替使用。当金属丝在受热和冷却时，柔性粘合剂允许金属丝挠曲。通过五个锥形螺钉，可以将插入件固定就位。
附图17显示了另一个选择性的实施例，其中金属丝1502螺旋形绕制于0.06"的陶瓷杆1701上，除了金属丝1502与幅片接触的部分外，均以柔性硅树脂填料进行固定。
其它的选择显示于附图18-22中，包括横跨幅片的宽度的直金属丝1502，但是在金属丝1502设置有由镀铜部分1801形成的冷却点。附图19显示了一种设计，冷却点设置于区域1901，这是由于与基底材料具有不同的热传导率。附图20显示了一种设计，冷却点设置于切口凹槽2001。附图21显示了一种设计，通过孔2101，将冷却点设置于间断的的空气冷却处。附图22显示了一种设计，冷却点设置于金属丝1502上具有薄条带2201处。
金属丝1502其它的选择是圆形、长方形的条带，具有相同的或变化的螺距，沿着它们的长度具有相同或者不同的厚度（从而形成热点/冷点），Toss R金属丝，锥形或者其轮廓能够使得在熔切之间形成双面密封。金属丝的外廓可以具有间断的铜镀层，从而形成穿孔而非切割。用于编织丝的可变化间距或者不同的孔间距形成了削弱程度变化的削弱区域，从而允许袋子在其边缘比在幅片的中部更容易用手撕破。其它的设计包括柔性加热器、厚幅片加热技术、烧结陶瓷或者类似的能够从Watlow Electric Manufacturing Co.获得的设计。然而其它的选择包括使用安装在PNEUSEAL?橡胶气垫上的薄幅片加热技术，使得能够在全部的时间内保持热的状态，但是，通过幅片片的臌胀或收缩使其移入和移出，从而能够与幅片相接触。
其它的选择包括包括持续加热的线，但是在密封驻留期间通过移入和移出，从而能够与幅片相接触。加热的线的各段（接合处）能够以串联或并联的方式连接至电源。并联优选的是能够减少所需的电流总量。加热的线优选的是嵌入可替换的插入件，使得能够在本领域容易地进行替换，以及进行大批量生产。加热的线还可以使用材料进行涂覆，从而改善释放特性。
选择性的穿孔器包括能够穿透密封毛毡的带齿刀刃2301(参见附图23)，带齿刀刃2301能够穿透密封毛毡。在一个实施例中，密封毛毡设置在穿孔器上，从而防止损坏密封发生区域的毛毡。带齿的刀刃可以在全部时间内延伸或者在各周期延伸和缩回(由弹簧、气动装置或者凸轮驱动)。在一个选择性的的实施例中，使用的是一排销子而非一排齿。优选的是使用真空室将幅片吸至一排销子上，使得不需要穿透毛毡。刀具的衬底材料可以是硅树脂毛毡、teflon?、毛毡、硅树脂卷、毛辊、硅树脂皮带较短的部分或者一系列柔软的辊子。刀具可以刺穿之前的密封驻留区域。
另一个选择性的的实施例是使用热压缩空气喷射器2402(附图24)，该热压缩空气喷射器2402容纳来自于管2401的空气，排成一行，以熔化或熔解出一行穿孔。在一个实施例中气源是冷的，空气通过聚焦的红外线、放射线、对流或者传导进行加热。其它的选择包括将幅片吸至尖锐的物体上、突出的小固体颗粒或者流体粒子上，幅片在此处形成孔或者孔的图形，以及在幅片上相对于密封皮带或者金属皮带/板移动的直线切口转动的“比萨饼切割”刀刃，或者安装在密封条上或者临近密封条上的直线刀刃，密封条还具有设置在转鼓的外侧的安装座，作为切割器或者挠曲叶片式切割刀总成。
在优选的方案中，通过控制直流电路的对烧熔穿孔金属丝的热量进行控制。优选的是采用低电压，从而产生所使用的可接受的穿孔。例如：在600英尺/分钟的速度下，0.75密耳的线性低密度聚乙烯（LLDPE）幅片以两层的厚度，0.013"直径，80/20 Ni -Cr金属编织线在0.25英寸之间交替与幅片相接触，并且低于云母0.12英寸，在每英寸幅片的宽度上大约需要20瓦。因此，一旦幅片夹在穿孔器与密封毛毡之间，2英寸长的穿孔器需要使用10伏的脉冲电压，大约为0.25秒。在具有0.5秒驻留时间的情况下，穿孔具有0.25秒的冷却时间。在优选的方案中，允许穿孔尽快地进行加热和冷却。在优选的方案中，通过DC电机控制器提供可调节的电压。其它的实施例包括机械变阻器、电位计或者可调电阻器。也可以选择性的使用可调节的交流电压。
在金属丝的寿命期内，控制器可以用来补偿电阻地变化。例如：Toss?控制器具有电流检测反馈，进行电压的调节，从而保持一致的温度。使用PID温度控制，通过热电偶反馈可以控制加热筒，这在本行业是公知的。
在优选的方案中，提供了一致的张力和一致的输入累积从而保持一致的密封和穿孔。在优选的方案中，包括具有超声波累积回路反馈的伺服输入剪切。替代性的方案包括：机械压带辊总成。静电感应销用于协助幅片平铺在密封毛毡上。
张力区隔离剪切也称为冷却辊剪切，在幅片脱离密封转鼓区域时应用。在优选的方案中，在辊的表面具有2"宽的双槽菱形切口，以冲去少量的气泡或者皱纹，而不是积聚在剪切之前。
在离开转鼓后，将幅片输送至折叠板。硬板填料板具有1/4"直径的孔，距离标准V形板的顶端为3"，V形板的顶端是几何对称的，从而减少了由于褶皱或者滞留空气产生的张力波动。此外，将幅片输送至橡胶间隙之前，输送折叠后的幅片经过两个惰轮，然后，在进入橡胶间隙之前，将1/4"厚的放气刀刃插入幅片覆盖层之间，以允许空气泄出，而不是聚集在皱纹内部。
加热区域的空气冷却，简要地参照上文述及的内容，一般包括位于密封条的内孔或者通道，例如：由钻孔或者切削所形成，从而允许压缩空气流过所需要的区域。附图25显示了密封条229，该密封条229具有多个孔2501和多个阀2502。因此，通过阀2502，可以对流经各区域的压缩空气流量进行控制。空气冷却还可以用于对不同的温度带进行隔离，这些温度带位于彼此的右侧，但是设定了不同的温度，诸如：用于侧面密封的300F，而带密封采用450F。正如此处公开的众多特征那样，在没有实施本发明其它的特征的情况下，诸如：未设置插入件306，也可以实施空气冷却。
另一个实施例提供了用于单一密封条的密封内的穿孔。现在参照附图28，密封带2800用虚线2803和2805绘出（该线路并未出现于实际的产品中，但是指示出了密封带的端部）。密封条可以包括线，诸如：在上文的实施例中描述过的那样，形成孔2807，延伸穿过幅片，并形成削弱带。孔可以直线设置，也可以随机设置。在其它的实施例中，密封包括所形成的穿孔。邻接的袋可以沿着撕裂的密封进行分离。穿孔可以是直线的，或者穿透密封带。其它的实施例包括在转鼓上简单地形成穿孔(没有密封或者具有部分的密封）。
单一密封/穿孔可以应用等高的密封条形成，在先前的实施例中具有温度控制，在适当的位置进行熔穿，精细印纹（起伏的或者网纹）的毛毡，诸如：Habasit? WBVT -136 硅树脂橡胶毛毡，其中的“衬布”压缩通过塑料熔穿。
另一个实施例提供了在非圆形回路上，诸如：在椭圆形或者长方形上，或者在往复机械上共同形成密封和穿孔的方式。总体而言，本发明的这些实施例描述了在形成密封时，形成穿孔的时间和地点。
可对本发明进行许多修改，这些修改仍然落在本发明的预定范围内。因而，应该懂得；根据本发明提供了一种制袋的方法和装置，其完全满足上面所描述的目的和优点。虽然已经结合特定的实施例而描述了本发明，但是很显然的是，本领域中的技术人员将可领悟到许多替代的方案、改型和变型。因此，本发明旨在包括所有这些落在所附权利要求的精髓和广泛范围内的替代性方案，并且这些修改仍然落在本发明随附的权利要求的精神和广泛范围内。

Claims (36)

1. 一种制袋机，包括：
输入段；
转鼓，配置为接收来自于所述输入段的幅片，其中所述转鼓包括至少一个密封条；以及
输出段，配置为接收来自于所述转鼓的幅片；
其中所述的至少一个密封条包括第一密封带，并还包括邻近第一密封带的削弱带，其中所述削弱带是加热穿孔器，所述加热穿孔器包括电热丝，电热丝被推入在沿插入件的长度间隔配置的多个空腔内，从而电热丝能够成为与所述幅片断续接触的形状且电热丝进入和离开每个空腔而没有在插入件之下延伸。
2. 如权利要求1所述的制袋机，还包括连接到所述电热丝的具有可调电压的电源。
3. 如权利要求2所述的制袋机，还包括连接到所述电热丝和所述电源的反馈回路。
4. 如权利要求1所述的制袋机，还包括连接到所述电热丝的脉冲能量源。
5. 如权利要求1所述的制袋机，其中所述电热丝是镍铬电阻丝。
6. 如权利要求5所述的制袋机，其中所述至少一个密封条还包括第二密封带，其配置使得所述削弱带邻近并位于所述第一和第二密封带之间。
7. 如权利要求1所述的制袋机，其中所述电热丝由大约80%镍和大约20%铬组成，还具有大约4 ohms/ft的电阻。
8. 如权利要求1所述的制袋机，还包括连接到所述电热丝的可调节电源。
9. 如权利要求1所述的制袋机，其中所述加热穿孔器配置为邻近穿孔形成辅助密封区域。
10. 如权利要求1所述的制袋机，其中所述至少一个密封条还包括第二密封带，其配置使得所述削弱带邻近并位于所述第一和第二密封带之间。
11. 如权利要求10所述的制袋机，其中在机器方向上，所述第一和第二密封带中心之间的距离少于0.1英寸。
12. 如权利要求10所述的制袋机，其中在机器方向上，所述第一和第二密封带中心之间的距离少于0.30英寸。
13. 如权利要求10所述的制袋机，其中所述第一和第二密封带包括多个独立的温度控制区，能够形成侧面密封和带密封。
14. 如权利要求10所述的制袋机，其中所述第一和第二密封带包括具有多个加热区的加热筒。
15. 如权利要求10所述的制袋机，还包括空气源，其配置能够冷却所述第一和第二密封带的至少一部分。
16. 如权利要求10所述的制袋机，其中所述第一和第二密封带包括至少一个将热空气导向所述幅片的端口。
17. 如权利要求10所述的制袋机，其中所述第一和第二密封带包括超声波能量源、微波能量源和放射热量源中的至少一个。
18. 如权利要求1所述的制袋机，还包括密封毛毡，其配置使得将所述幅片保持在所述转鼓上，并且由聚酯材料组成，所述聚酯材料具有与所述幅片接触的硅树脂层。
19. 如权利要求1所述的制袋机，其中所述转鼓具有可调节的直径。
20. 一种制袋的方法，包括：
接收幅片；
使用转鼓上的密封条在所述幅片上形成第一密封；
在形成所述第一密封的至少一部分时间内，通过加热电热丝来形成邻近第一密封的穿孔，该电热丝被推入在沿插入件的长度间隔配置的多个空腔内以能够与所述幅片断续接触的形状且电热丝进入和离开每个空腔而没有在插入件之下延伸，穿孔与所述第一密封保持一致或者恰当地临近于所述第一密封。
21. 如权利要求20所述的方法，还使用可调节电压的电能施加至所述电热丝上。
22. 如权利要求21所述的方法，还包括监测所述电热丝内热量的指示信号，响应所述信号，对所述电热丝上的能量进行控制。
23. 如权利要求22所述的方法，还包括对施加至所述电热丝上的电能进行脉冲。
24. 如权利要求20所述的方法，其中形成穿孔为形成强度改变的削弱线。
25. 如权利要求20所述的方法，其中形成穿孔包括形成在相邻接的袋子之间来分离相邻接的袋子的穿孔。
26. 如权利要求20所述的方法，还包括在所述幅片上形成第二密封，使得穿孔邻近并位于第一和第二密封之间。
27. 如权利要求26所述的方法，其中在机器方向上，第一和第二密封中心之间的距离少于0.50英寸。
28. 如权利要求26所述的方法，其中在机器方向上，第一和第二密封中心之间的距离少于0.30英寸。
29. 如权利要求26所述的方法，还包括在第一和第二密封处独立的控制多个温度带。
30. 如权利要求26所述的方法，还包括冷却第一和第二密封的至少一部分。
31. 如权利要求20所述的方法，其中所述第一密封形成的至少一部分时间少于所述第一密封形成的时间。
32. 一种用于旋转制袋机的穿孔器，制袋机从幅片制袋，制袋机的转鼓包括至少一个密封条，所述至少一个密封条具有第一密封带和邻近第一密封带的削弱带，削弱带为穿孔器，其中穿孔器包括具有电热丝的插入件，所述电热丝被推入在沿插入件的长度间隔配置的多个空腔内从而成为能够与所述幅片断续接触的形状，且电热丝进入和离开每个空腔而没有在插入件之下延伸。
33. 如权利要求32所述的穿孔器，其中所述插入件适合于配置在密封条上，邻近至少一个密封带。
34. 如权利要求32所述的穿孔器，其中所述插入件适合于配置在密封条上，位于所述密封条上的第一和第二密封带之间。
35. 如权利要求32所述的穿孔器，还包括连接到所述电热丝上的具有可调节电压的能量源。
36. 如权利要求32所述的穿孔器，其中所述电热丝是镍铬电阻丝。
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US8257236B2 (en) 2012-09-04
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US20160096339A1 (en) 2016-04-07
US9751273B2 (en) 2017-09-05
US20130190155A1 (en) 2013-07-25
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US20080312056A1 (en) 2008-12-18
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US20070167304A1 (en) 2007-07-19

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