CN101505871B - 自净化表面涂层（光催化） - Google Patents

自净化表面涂层（光催化） Download PDF

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CN101505871B
CN101505871B CN2007800304857A CN200780030485A CN101505871B CN 101505871 B CN101505871 B CN 101505871B CN 2007800304857 A CN2007800304857 A CN 2007800304857A CN 200780030485 A CN200780030485 A CN 200780030485A CN 101505871 B CN101505871 B CN 101505871B
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H·卡皮特扎
R·根斯勒
H·蔡宁格
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种自净化表面涂层，该层可简易和低成本制备，因为其仅包括简单的二氧化钛层。

Description

自净化表面涂层(光催化)
本发明涉及一种自净化表面涂层，该涂层可简易和低成本制备。
早已熟知光催化的作用，其特别是用于在阳光或人造光下氧化和/或分解在基底上的有机化合物(如污物)。相同的氧化反应例如可在化学工业和水处理领域中用于有针对性的氧化或降解化学化合物和细菌。
光催化活性涂层需具有足够的机械和化学稳定性。这不应牺牲涂层的活性；该涂层在如冬天的小的阳光辐照下也需具有足够高的活性。
光催化涂层是已知的，但在塑料基底或涂漆基底(如涂漆薄金属板)的情况下，为避免底层的氧化需涂以保护层，该保护层随后由固有光催化活性层所覆盖。该双层在该层系的制备成本和使用寿命方面是有缺点的。
因此，本发明的目的在于提供一种光催化活层表面层，其可简单和价廉物美地涂于塑料或涂塑料的表面上，并具有长的使用寿命。
本发明的主题是一种包括二氧化钛纳米颗粒层的光催化涂层。
此外，本发明的主题还在于该涂层作为自净化表面涂层的应用。最后本发明的主题是制备一种光催化涂层，其中首先例如用湿化学法在未完全硬化的塑料表面上涂至少一种二氧化钛悬浮物，之后使经涂覆的塑料表面完全硬化。
湿化学法例如是浸涂、刮涂、喷涂、旋涂和/或浇涂。所有这些方法在本发明中均可用于制备光催化涂层。
按本发明的一个有利方案，该二氧化钛纳米颗粒的尺寸(粒径)为小于100nm。
在其上涂悬浮物的可能的塑料表面例如是热固性塑料，特别是聚氨酯、环氧树脂、丙烯酸树脂、硅树脂和/或硅漆、醇酸树脂、酚醛树脂、蜜胺树脂和/或醇酸漆、酚醛漆、蜜胺漆。
所述表面例如是用以覆盖机器、泵、叶轮、漏斗等的漆，或是涂于外表面的漆，最后该可能的塑料表面还可以是在其上涂有自净化涂层的热固性塑料薄膜。
按本发明的一个有利方案，将透明的自净化涂层涂于透明塑料表面上，以致得到透明的自净化表面涂层。
例如可用热固性和透明的表面覆盖薄膜和/或玻璃、无机或有机玻璃，然后用湿化学法覆盖以本发明的自净化涂层。
也可产生自粘附薄膜，其粘合在一侧上且在另一侧上有本发明的自净化涂层，并且用其可粘贴例如墙面、窗、汽车玻璃、汽车塑料部件等。
同样好的是在制备的同时可对汽车、建筑物、标示板、交通牌和其它部件的塑料部件赋予本发明的二氧化钛涂层，以致在辐照下产生自净化效应。
按本发明的一个有利方案，所述二氧化钛悬浮物是市售可得的悬浮物，例是Degussa公司的VP分散体W740X或Sachtleben公司的Hombikat TiO2分散体。
按本发明的一个有利方案，该涂层是透明的。
按该方法的一个有利方案，在50℃-150℃下固化。该涂层可退火30分钟到5小时。
本发明的特征在于，该涂层的TiO2颗粒仅在塑料基质表面上以高浓度存在。这一方面可产生非常高的净化效果，并且另一方面可通过在TiO2层中的UV吸收(UV阻断)保护树脂基质。通过TiO2颗粒层防止下面层的受损。由此单独的漆保护层是多余的。
下面借助一些用涂层进行的试验详述本发明：
首先用PU(聚氨酯)漆涂基底(PMMA板)。接着在室温下短时(30分钟)干燥该PU漆。然后通过浸没将二氧化钛分散体涂覆于尚未完全固化的PU漆上，并之后在100℃下硬化。用带有完全固化的PU漆的基底作为对比样品。在如此预制的样品上涂以薄层硬脂酸乙酯，以模拟污物膜。
然后将这些样品置于UV灯下30分钟。通过UV作用使在含TiO2的层上的硬脂酸乙酯层分解并完全去除。对该效果进行了多次证实。经净化的表面与纯净层无区别。在无二氧化钛层的样品上未发生硬脂酸乙酯的分解。
由此表明，无二氧化钛覆层的样品经UV辐照后明显发黄。相比之下，含二氧化钛覆层的样品几乎无变化。这证明TiO2层提供了对下置的漆表面的UV保护。
下面用附图描述本发明，该图是本发明的一种示例性实施方案：
唯一的附图示出含下面载体薄膜1的层结构，该载体薄膜可以是无机或有机玻璃，其上为塑料表面，在此情况下是未完全硬化的聚氨酯表面2，在该表面上本发明的二氧化钛涂层3的二氧化钛纳米颗粒直接接触放置。活性纳米颗粒6的粒径大小例如＜100nm，但按本发明也可为更小和/或更大以及是不同粒度级分的混合。该颗粒呈较均匀分布并附着在塑料2如热固性塑料的有机网络上。
在本发明的涂层2上涂有有机保护层4，该层在UV辐照5下在二氧化钛表面上分解。释放的水和二氧化碳直接排到环境，并不会像在二氧化钛颗粒渗入塑料基质中的现有技术情况那样进入树脂和使其受损。
本发明的配料的特征尤其在于，高浓度的二氧化钛颗粒仅存在于塑料基质表面上。这一方面可产生很高的净化效果，并且另一方面可通过TiO2层中的UV吸收(UV阻断)保护树脂基质。通过二氧化钛颗粒层防止了下层的受损。漆的保护层是多余的。该方法也很好地适用于“模制”法。
本发明涉及一种自净化表面层，该层可简易和低成本制备，因为其仅包括简单的二氧化钛层。

Claims (8)

1.光催化涂层，其包括二氧化钛纳米颗粒层，其具有下列层结构：塑料表面位于在由玻璃或塑料构成的载体薄膜上，二氧化钛纳米颗粒位于该塑料表面上并与塑料直接接触。
2.权利要求1的涂层，其中所述纳米颗粒的最大粒径为100nm。
3.权利要求1或2的涂层，其中该涂层厚度小于5μm。
4.权利要求1或2的涂层，该涂层是透明的。
5.用于制备权利要求1-4之一的光催化涂层的方法，其中首先在塑料表面上用湿化学法涂以至少一种二氧化钛悬浮物，之后使该塑料表面连同涂层一起退火。
6.权利要求5的方法，其中所述二氧化钛悬浮物是市售悬浮物。
7.权利要求5或6的方法，其中所述涂层在50℃-150℃下退火30分钟到5小时。
8.权利要求1-4之一的涂层或根据权利要求5-7之一的方法制备的涂层作为自净化表面涂层的应用。
CN2007800304857A 2006-08-17 2007-08-14 自净化表面涂层（光催化） Expired - Fee Related CN101505871B (zh)

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CN102479846A (zh) * 2010-11-24 2012-05-30 吉富新能源科技(上海)有限公司 涂布式太阳能电池及其制造方法
DE102011112912A1 (de) 2011-09-08 2013-03-14 Thermo Electron Led Gmbh Laborabzug und insbesondere Sicherheitswerkbank mit photokatalytischer Beschichtung
US9220802B2 (en) * 2013-01-25 2015-12-29 Matthew W. Noel Vehicle photocatalytic air purification apparatus and method
US10882790B2 (en) 2014-11-03 2021-01-05 Nanyang Technological University Engineered self-cleaning cementitious composites
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IT202000015175A1 (it) * 2020-06-24 2021-12-24 Veronica Treu Dispositivo indicatore, in particolare per non vedenti o ipovedenti.

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