CN101488606B - 双反射器天线的子反射器 - Google Patents

双反射器天线的子反射器 Download PDF

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CN101488606B
CN101488606B CN2009100048298A CN200910004829A CN101488606B CN 101488606 B CN101488606 B CN 101488606B CN 2009100048298 A CN2009100048298 A CN 2009100048298A CN 200910004829 A CN200910004829 A CN 200910004829A CN 101488606 B CN101488606 B CN 101488606B
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antenna
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CN101488606A (zh
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D·蒂奥
A·勒巴永
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Alcatel Lucent SAS
Alcatel Optical Networks Israel Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/18—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/19—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface
    • H01Q19/193—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface with feed supported subreflector
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/18—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/19—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
    • H01Q15/141—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q15/142—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing reflecting surfaces using insulating material for supporting the reflecting surface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/12—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave
    • H01Q19/13—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source being a single radiating element, e.g. a dipole, a slot, a waveguide termination
    • H01Q19/134—Rear-feeds; Splash plate feeds

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Abstract

本发明的目的在于一种双反射器天线的子反射器，该子反射器包括：第一末端，具有第一直径的结，适于耦合到波导的末端；第二末端，具有大于第一直径的第二直径；凸形反射内表面，设置于第二末端，具有旋转轴；同轴的外表面，将两个末端连接；电介质材料，在第一与第二末端之间延伸并且受内表面和外表面限制。根据本发明，外表面具有通过如下公式的六阶多项式方程来描述的凸外形：y＝ax6+bx5+cx4+dx3+ex2+fx+g，其中a不为零。

Description

双反射器天线的子反射器
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请是基于2008年1月18日提交的法国专利申请第0850301号，通过参考将该法国专利申请的公开内容全部包括于此并且要求该法国专利申请的优先权。
背景技术
本发明涉及射频(RF)双反射器天线。这些天线一般包括表现为旋转曲面的大直径凹形主反射器和处于主反射器的焦点附近的较小直径的凸形子反射器。对应于两个相反的RF波传播方向，这些天线在发送器模式中或者在接收器模式中能同样很好的操作。在下文中根据哪一模式能更好地说明现象，在天线的发送模式中或者在接收模式中给出描述。应当注意所有论述也同时适用于接收天线和发送天线。
最初的天线仅有通常为抛物面的单个反射器。射频波导的末端位于反射器的焦点。波导插入到处于反射器的轴上的开口中，而它的末端折叠180°以便与反射器相对。在用于照射反射器的波导的折叠末端处的最大辐射半角为低，在70°的范围中。在反射器与波导的末端之间的距离应当充分广阔以允许照射反射器的整个表面。对于这些浅反射器天线，F/D比率在0.36的范围中。就这一比率而言，F是反射器的焦距(在反射器的顶点与它的焦点之间的距离)，而D是反射器的直径。
在这些天线中，直径D的值取决于天线的中心工作频率。天线的工作频率越低(例如7.1GHz或者10GHz)则反射器的直径对于等效天线增益而言越重要，波导的末端必须距离反射器越远以很好地照射它(发送模式)。因此工作频率越低，天线变得越笨重。对于这些浅反射器天线，必需的是添加暗迹屏以便使由于溢出引起的辐射损耗最小并且改进无线电性能。
为了产生更紧凑的系统，人们利用双反射器天线，特别是卡塞格伦类型的双反射器天线。双反射器包括通常为抛物面的凹形主反射器以及具有小得多的直径并且设置在与主反射器相同的旋转轴上的焦点附近的凸形子反射器。主反射器在它的顶点被钻孔而波导在主反射器的轴上插入。波导的末端不再折叠而实际上与子反射器相对。在发送模式中，由波导发送的RF波由子反射器反射到主反射器。
有可能产生如下子反射器，这些子反射器表现为远大于70°的主反射器的照射半角。例如，人们可以使用105°的照射半角限制。在双反射器天线中，子反射器也可以轴向上与主反射器很近。在实践中，子反射器可以处于由主反射器限定的空间内，这减少了天线占据的空间。
在这些双反射器天线中，所用F/D比率常常小于或者等于0.25。这些天线称为深反射器。在0.25的范围中的F/D比率就相等的中心工作频率D的值而言对应于比F/D比率接近0.36的情况下短得多的焦距。由于消除了不再必需的暗迹屏，双反射器天线占用的空间可以小于单反射器天线占用的空间。
虽然例如在F/D比率接近0.2的情况下使用双反射器时双反射器天线很好地适应于产生紧凑天线。但是可以优选使用F/D的不同值以便优化除了占用空间之外的其他特征，如例如天线的辐射模式。
就双反射器天线而言，子反射器应当保持于主反射器的焦点附近。可能的方式之一是将子反射器连接到波导的末端。在这一情况下，子反射器一般包括或多或少成圆锥形并且对于RF波而言透明的电介质材料(通常为塑料)。子反射器的或多或少成圆锥形的外表面与主反射器相对。子反射器的凸形内表面涂覆有如下产品，该产品实现RF波在穿过电介质材料时在主反射器的方向上反射。这一涂层通常为金属。
在波导的末端与主反射器之间发生RF波的多次反射，其中涉及到子反射器。为了减少这些反射，已经提出在子反射器与主反射器相对的外表面上引入局部中断。这些中断具有在电介质材料周围形成环的轮廓形状。环形轮廓是绕着子反射器的轴的旋转轮廓。这些环形轮廓的外形由不同高度和深度的峰状物和突出物组成。这些轮廓可以周期性地分布于子反射器的整个外表面上。然而，非周期性的环形轮廓可以用来修改子反射器的反射特征以便针对电磁波的两个极化平面再次减少RF波的多次反射。
环形轮廓在电介质材料的外表面上的引入允许减少经由子反射器的内部金属镀制表面在波导与主反射器之间产生的RF波的多次反射。另一方面，这些轮廓对双反射器的两个其它重要性质具有较小影响：以dBi或者各向同性分贝表达的天线增益和以dB表达的溢出损耗。
例如在天线发送模式中，溢出损耗对应于子反射器在主反射器的方向上反射的并且其路径末端超出主反射器外径的能量。这些损耗造成RF波对环境的污染。这些溢出损耗必须限制在由标准限定的水平。
用于补救这一点的一种惯用解决方案是将如下罩附接到主反射器的外围，该罩具有圆柱体的形状、与主反射器的直径接近的直径和适当高度、内部涂覆有RF辐射吸收层。除了它所造成的拥塞之外，这一已知解决方案还表现罩材料成本的如今棘手弊端以及此罩在主反射器上的组装成本。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提出一种明显减少溢出损耗的双反射器天线。
本发明的目的是一种双反射器天线的子反射器，该子反射器包括：-第一末端，具有第一直径的结，适于耦合到波导的末端，-第二末端，具有大于第一直径的第二直径，-凸形反射内表面，设置于第二末端，具有旋转轴，-同一轴的外表面，将两个末端连接，-电介质材料，在第一与第二末端之间延伸并且受内表面和外表面限制。
根据本发明，外表面具有通过如下公式的六阶多项式方程来描述的凸外形：y＝ax6+bx5+cx4+dx3+ex2+fx+g，其中a不为零。
本发明在于提出了一种子反射器，其中外表面表现为根据特殊曲线的外形。子反射器是具有如下表面的轴对称体，其中母线是通过6阶多项式方程来描述的曲线。一些数值优化允许根据所用双反射器类型和罩的可能存在来改变这一6阶多项式方程的系数。
在方程y＝ax6+bx5+cx4+dx3+ex2+fx+g中，在系数b、c、d、e、f和/或g之中的一个或者多个系数可以是零。
在本发明的一种变形中，子反射器的外表面还包括围绕电介质材料的形状为环的特有轮廓。
这一轮廓的横截面可以是圆形或者平行四边形(例如方形或者矩形)的部分。优选地，轮廓具有矩形横截面。
优选地，轮廓也在与子反射器的旋转轴垂直的方向上突出。
这一特有轮廓环设置于子反射器的外表面上以减少RF波的多次反射。也同时实现减少溢出损耗和RF波多次反射。优选地，轮廓布置于外表面上接近于第二末端的一半上。
本发明也以一种包括主反射器和关联的子反射器的双反射器天线为目的。该子反射器包括：-第一末端，具有第一直径的结，适于耦合到波导的末端，-第二末端，具有大于第一直径的第二直径，-凸形反射内表面，设置于第二末端，具有旋转轴，-电介质材料，在第一与第二末端之间延伸并且受内表面和外表面限制，-同轴的外表面，设置为尽可能接近主反射器，具有通过如下公式的六阶多项式方程来描述的凸外形：y＝ax6+bx5+cx4+dx3+ex2+fx+g，其中a不为零，
由于减少溢出损耗，本发明使得有可能可以没有罩或者至少减少主反射器的罩高度，这带来成本和体积上的优点。
本发明提供的改进允许使用可以与主反射器在单个部件中实现的低高度的罩，也就是说实现如下单个机械部分，该机械部分在中心部分表现为反射器和在外围部分表现为罩。更经典的解决方案涉及到通过比如焊接、螺纹等任何已知方法来装配于主反射器上的罩。本发明因此减少附加成本，因为消除了组装成本。
本发明可以使用于如下应用中，这些应用例如是实现允许接收通过卫星或者在两个地面天线之间的链路来发射的射频信号的地面天线，并且本发明以更一般的方式使用于与7GHz至40GHz的频带中的点到点射频链路有关的任何应用。这些系统的典型中心工作频率是7.1GHz、8.5GHz、10GHz等。围绕各频率的带宽通常是在5％到20％的区域中。各中心频率对应于子反射器的适应直径：频率提高越多，波长越低而子反射器的直径减少越多。
附图说明
在阅读结合附图在示例而非限制基础上给出的以下实施例描述时将更好地理解本发明并且将发现其它优点和特征，在附图中：-图1代表根据本发明第一实施例的射频天线的示意轴向截面图，-图2示出了根据本发明第一实施例的RF天线的子反射器的示意轴向截面图，-图3示出了根据本发明第二实施例的RF天线的子反射器的示意轴向截面图，-图4是与图1的射频天线相似的双反射器天线的辐射参数的大体示意图，-图5代表根据本发明第三实施例的其中主反射器包括罩的RF天线的示意轴向截面图，-图6是根据本发明一个特殊实施例的子反射器的外表面的外形例子，-图7是针对子反射器的外表面的三个不同外形、根据照射半角θ的子反射器在竖直平面上的辐射模式，-与图7相似，图8是针对子反射器的外表面的三个不同外形、根据照射半角θ的子反射器在水平面上的辐射模式，-图9代表根据现有技术的双反射器天线的根据与辐射半角θ相补的半角β的主反射器的辐射模式，-与图9相似，图10代表根据本发明第一实施例的双反射器天线的根据半角β的主反射器辐射模式，-与图9相似，图11代表根据本发明第二实施例的双反射器天线的根据半角β的主反射器辐射模式。在图7和图8中，分别在子反射器的竖直平面上的辐射V和水平面上的辐射H以dBi为单位的幅度给定为y坐标，而照射半角θ以度数为单位给定为x坐标。在图9至图11中，主反射器的辐射T以dB为单位表达为y坐标，而半角β以度数为单位表达为x坐标。主反射器的辐射T就等于零度的半角β而言标准化为0dB。
具体实施方式
在图1中，在轴向截面中示出了根据本发明第一实施例的RF天线。这一天线包括由凹形主反射器1和子反射器2以及另外作为子反射器2的支撑机构的波导3组成的组件。该组件表现为关于轴4旋转对称。
主反射器1可以由具有反射表面的金属如铝制成。波导3可以例如也是由铝制成的中空金属管，对于分别为7GHz和60GHz的发送/接收频率而言圆形横截面具有26mm或者3.6mm的外径。当然，波导可以具有不同横截面，例如矩形或者正方形。
已经示出了焦点5(也称为相位中心)设置于旋转轴4上，以及将焦点5与主反射器1的顶点分离的焦距F 6。主反射器1例如是具有深度P 7和直径D 8的围绕轴4的旋转抛物面。
对于表现为在0.2的范围中的F/D比率的此类天线，焦距F例如是246mm而直径D是1230mm(4英尺)。在该情况下，主反射器的照射角限制2θp是210°。
图2代表根据本发明第一实施例的天线的子反射器10。子反射器的电介质材料11可以由如塑料的电介质材料制成。子反射器10的内表面12可以是通过多项式方程描述的围绕旋转轴13的旋转表面。内表面12可以用反射金属如银来覆盖。
子反射器10的外表面14是设置在与主反射器相对的表面。外表面14是围绕旋转轴13的旋转表面。
根据本发明的第一实施例，子反射器10的外表面14表现为如下外形，该外形是通过如下公式的六阶多项式方程来描述的曲线：y＝ax6+bx5+cx4+dx3+ex2+fx+g。计算使得有可能表明为外表面14选择这样的弯曲外形允许减少双反射器的溢出损耗。
子反射器的内表面的形状影响源于波导并被主反射器接收的电磁波的强度和相位。
图3代表根据本发明第二实施例的天线的子反射器20。形成环的轮廓21布置于反射器20的外表面22上。在轮廓21的两侧上的外表面22的外形是通过如下公式的六阶多项式方程来描述的曲线：y＝ax6+bx5+cx4+dx3+ex2+fx+g。
在本发明的第二实施例中，反射器20的外表面22因此由三个连续部分22a、21、22b组成。部分22a和22b各自表现为通过六阶曲线的一部分来描述的外形。部分22a和22b以及轮廓21表现出关于旋转轴23的轴对称性。
在图4中阐明针对根据本发明第一实施例的RF天线的发送模式的溢出损耗。这些损耗对应于子反射器对主反射器的照射角2θ的值，其中源于波导3的RF波在主反射器1的周界以外的方向上被子反射器2反射。
此图示出了照射半角θ30和作为半角θ的补半角的半角β31。两个半角θ和β是相对于子反射器2的旋转轴4来测量的，并且它们以主反射器1的焦点5为顶点。对于大于阈值θp 32的半角θ的值，具有溢出损耗，其中对于阈值θp 32，由子反射器反射的光线33恰好相切于主反射器1的边缘。
溢出损耗因此归因于由子反射器2反射的在角范围34内的所有光线33。角范围34由源于焦点5并且关于旋转轴4对称、与主反射器1的边缘相切的两条光线35限定。
图5代表根据本发明第一实施例的一种变形的RF天线的轴向截面图。主反射器50配备有罩51以便限制溢出损耗。罩51是用吸收RF波的材料52覆盖的掩蔽物。例如，罩51由铝制成，而吸收层52由充有一氧化碳的泡沫材料制成。
这里的罩51的高度小于现有技术中所用罩的高度，因为通过使用配备有如下外表面54的子反射器53来明显减少溢出损耗，该外表面表现为根据通过六阶多项式方程来描述的曲线的外形。可以优化对外表面54的外形进行描述的六阶方程的参数。如图5中所示，这一优化允许将罩51的高度减小到允许实现主反射器50和罩51为单个部件。罩51以这一方式构成主反射器50的延伸。这可以例如通过压印单个铝板以便连续或者同时限定主反射器50的优选为旋转的抛物面和罩51的优选为圆柱体形的形状来实现。
图6代表通过将溢出损耗水平数字化而获得的根据本发明一个特殊实施例的子反射器的外表面的外形60的例子。在图2中示出了分别在水平轴和竖直轴上使用的轴X和Y的位置。标号(X，Y)以处于子反射器10的第二末端的水平处的旋转轴13的一点为它的原点。X轴对准于旋转轴13上，而Y轴处于与旋转轴13垂直的方向。以厘米为单位表示距离。
在该图中描述的例子对应于如下双反射器天线，其中主反射器是对应于如下方程的抛物面类型：P/D＝D/(16F)，其中P是主反射器的深度，D是主反射器的直径，而F是主反射器的焦距。
在本例中，F/D＝0.25而照射半角限制θp为θp＝90°，因为在任何抛物面中θp＝2arctangent(D/4F)。
在本发明的实现的本例中，对子反射器的外表面的外形进行限定的多项式方程如下：y＝(-3.904.10-7)x6+(4.658.10-5)x5+(-1.947.10-3)x4+(3.358.10-2)x3+(-2.927.10-1)x2+(3.006.10-1)x+(3.462.10)
这里给出的六阶方程的参数a、b、c、d、e、f、g的数值依赖于所选择的主反射器的焦距F、深度P和直径D的数值以及已经认可的溢出损耗水平。如果改变这些数值，则可以找到允许溢出损耗最小化的用于参数a、b、c、d、e、f、g的不同值集。因此，六阶方程的参数a、b、c、d、e、f、g可以具有不同值。
图7针对子反射器的外表面的下述三个不同外形示出了双反射器天线的子反射器的竖直平面上的辐射模式：-来自现有技术的已知圆锥外形(参考曲线70)，-对应于本发明第一实施例的外形(曲线71)，以及-根据本发明第二实施例的包括圆形轮廓的外形(曲线72)。
通过根据照射半角θ而表达的辐射强度V来表示辐射模式。这一辐射模式相对于发送模式天线。更好的天线设计是使得有可能获得如下辐射或者发送电场的天线设计，该辐射或者发送电场对于照射半角θ比这里由竖直线73表示的阈值θp更大的值而言可能是最低的。竖直线73代表如图4中所示与主反射器的外边缘相切的半角θ的值θp。对于半角θ大于由竖直线73限定的值θp更大的值，光线反射到环形范围34中并且分担溢出损耗。
观察到与根据本发明的第一实施例关联的曲线71示出了对于角θ比值θp更大的值而言比与来自现有技术的外形关联的曲线70给出的辐射更低的辐射。与根据本发明的第二实施例关联的曲线72进一步改进曲线71获得的结果。
与图7相似，图8针对子反射器的外表面的下述三个不同外形示出了这一次在水平面上测量的子反射器的辐射模式：-来自现有技术的已知圆锥外形(参考曲线80)，-根据本发明第一实施例的外形(曲线81)，以及-根据本发明第二实施例的包括环形轮廓的外形(曲线82)。
在该图中，竖直线83代表如图4中所示与主反射器的外边缘相切的半角θ的值θp。
与在先前情况中一样，更好的天线构思是如下构思，该构思使得有可能获得对于处于竖直线83右方的比值θp更大的半角θ而言可能最低的辐射。观察到与根据本发明的第一实施例关联的曲线81示出了比与来自现有技术的外形关联的曲线80所给出的值更低的辐射值。与根据本发明的第二实施例关联的曲线82进一步改进曲线81获得的结果。
图9示出了根据现有技术的双反射器天线的根据半角β的主反射器的辐射模式。竖直轴代表根据半角β的在天线的竖直和水平平面上反射的功率水平。曲线90对应于在竖直平面上反射的功率，而曲线91对应于在水平平面上反射的功率。
虚线92针对半角β的各值指明了ETSI R1C3标准许可的反射率限制。对于半角β接近65°的值，其中65°是与RF波在主反射器的边缘上的衍射对应的阈值，在主反射器的辐射值与该标准施加的阈值之间的偏差93在这里处于5dB的范围中。
图10涉及根据本发明第一实施例的使用子反射器的双反射器天线。天线的外表面示出了通过六阶多项式方程来描述的外形。示出了根据半角β的在天线的竖直和水平平面上反射的功率水平。曲线100对应于在竖直平面上反射的功率，而曲线101对应于在水平平面上反射的功率。虚线102针对半角β的各值表明了ETSI R1C3Co标准许可的反射率限制。
偏差103在这里处于7dB的区域中，这与针对来自现有技术的天线而获得的5dB偏差相比有增加。
图11涉及根据本发明第二实施例的使用子反射器的双反射器天线。天线的外表面示出了通过其上已经添加环形轮廓的六阶多项式方程来描述的外形。已经示出了根据半角β的在天线的竖直和水平平面上反射的功率水平。曲线110对应于在竖直平面上反射的功率，而曲线111对应于在水平平面上反射的功率。虚线112针对半角β的各值表明了ETSI R1C3Co标准许可的反射率限制。
偏差113在这里处于9dB的区域中，这远大于针对来自现有技术的天线而获得的5dB偏差93，而与根据本发明第一实施例获得的7dB偏差103相比有改进。
在主反射器的辐射值与ETSI R1C3Co标准施加的阈值之间的这一偏差越高，天线在这一角区域中的辐射强度越低。天线的这一性质对于用户而言至关重要，因为它保证了邻接天线较低的电磁污染。

Claims (5)

1.一种双反射器天线的子反射器，包括：
-第一末端，具有第一直径的结，适于耦合到波导(3)的末端，
-第二末端，具有大于所述第一直径的第二直径，
-凸形反射内表面(12)，设置于所述第二末端，具有旋转轴(13)，
-同轴(13)的外表面(14)，将所述两个末端连接，
-电介质材料(11)，在所述第一与第二末端之间延伸并且受所述内表面(12)和所述外表面(13)限制，
其特征在于所述外表面(14)具有通过如下公式的六阶多项式方程来描述的凸外形：y＝ax6+bx5+cx4+dx3+ex2+fx+g，其中a不为零，其中X轴对准于旋转轴上，而Y轴处于与旋转轴垂直的方向。
2.根据权利要求1所述的子反射器，其中所述外表面(22)还包括围绕所述电介质材料(11)的形状为环的特有轮廓(21)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的子反射器，其中所述轮廓(21)在与所述旋转轴(23)垂直的方向上突出。
4.一种双反射器天线，包括主反射器(1)和关联的子反射器(2，10)，其特征在于所述子反射器(2，10)包括：
-第一末端，具有第一直径的结，适于耦合到波导(3)的末端，
-第二末端，具有大于所述第一直径的第二直径，
-凸形反射内表面(12)，设置于所述第二末端，具有旋转轴(13)，
-同轴(13)的外表面(14)，设置为尽可能接近所述主反射器(1)，具有通过如下公式的六阶多项式方程来描述的凸外形：y＝ax6+bx5+cx4+dx3+ex2+fx+g，其中a不为零，其中X轴对准于旋转轴上，而Y轴处于与旋转轴垂直的方向，
-电介质材料(11)，在所述第一与第二末端之间延伸并且受所述内表面(12)和所述外表面(13)限制。
5.根据权利要求4所述的双反射器天线，包括主反射器(50)，所述主反射器包括罩，所述罩(51)和所述主反射器(50)由单个部件制成。
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US20090184886A1 (en) 2009-07-23
US8102324B2 (en) 2012-01-24
ATE508495T1 (de) 2011-05-15
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