CN101480163A - Method for breeding new species by fusion between various plants and distant induced mutagenesis - Google Patents
Method for breeding new species by fusion between various plants and distant induced mutagenesis Download PDFInfo
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- CN101480163A CN101480163A CNA2008100490274A CN200810049027A CN101480163A CN 101480163 A CN101480163 A CN 101480163A CN A2008100490274 A CNA2008100490274 A CN A2008100490274A CN 200810049027 A CN200810049027 A CN 200810049027A CN 101480163 A CN101480163 A CN 101480163A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for culturing new species by merging distant mutagenesis among various plants, which comprises the following steps: 1, the root or the tuberous stalk of a plant is selected as a parental stock; 2, the root of the selected plant is fully removed and used as a graft, and the fully root-removing part is a merging surface; 3, before the parental stock is merged, the merging surface is selected; 4, the graft and the parental stock are merged, the cross sections of the graft and the parental stock are tightly merged and aligned to form a layer; 5, a merging opening is fixed, the pierced part of the root or the tuberous stalk by an iron nail or a bamboo pegwood is fixed and covered by soil and compacted; 20 to 25 days later after mergence, the merging opening is healed, and tissue starts to merge; the graft starts to grow, a new root grows up at the merging opening 20 to 30 days later for facilitating the smooth growth, the blossom and the fructification of the graft, and a new species is mutagenized. In the distant adverse mutagenesis method, plants of different species are crossed and mutagenized by the distant mutagenesis, mutagenized offspring mutagenesis is far higher than natural mutagenesis, and the characteristics of the mutagenesis can be stably inherited. The method is simple to operate, has wide breeding material, rapidly stabilizes the offspring characteristics, accelerates the breeding process and is easy to generate new species and breeds.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to merge edge method of mutagenesis far away between a plant species, relate in particular to the method for the mutual culturing new species by merging distant mutagenesis of plant between a kind of different genera.
Background technology
China is large agricultural country, grain-production in China's agricultural production in occupation of most important status.In grain-production, crop breeding has very important central role undoubtedly again, and the stock breeding of China is the emphasis of agricultural development, and breeding objective is that the master is developed to high-quality, special-purpose direction from pursuing with the high yield; The important content of genetic resources and material innovation having become breeding research has become the agricultural industry competition focal point to the competition of resource; Heterotic utilization realizes the combination of quality, resistance and high yield on the level of crops kind and Geng Gao widely; More and more pay attention to combining of biotechnology and traditional breeding method, biotechnology is just quickening to move towards practicability.
In promoting many factor of science and technologys that grain yield increases, the contribution of breeding accounts for more than 1/3, what yet at present people used mainly is traditional breeding method, and there is the defective of following three aspects in its: the one, breeding cycle is long, from hybridize to bring out kind generally need 7 or eight years even more than ten years; The 2nd, efficient is low, will prepare tens even a hundreds of hybrid combination every year, and it is just all well and good therefrom to select a kind; The 3rd, foresight is poor, and the general performance that is difficult to the prediction filial generation is not even true cause is wherein understood in success sometimes yet.
At present, the fusion mutagenesis between the plant substantially all is to carry out between kind, because affiliation is close between the parent, genetic storehouse poorness is difficult to select breakthrough kind, and its per mu yield and quality do not have breakthrough change and raising.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the method for culturing new species by merging distant mutagenesis between a kind of different genera plant, go out the breakthrough kind of having of proterties genetic stability with mutagenesis.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention has adopted the method for culturing new species by merging distant mutagenesis between a kind of each plant species, may further comprise the steps:
(1) chooses plant piece root or stem and make stock;
(2) integral body of choosing plant is gone the scion of root ensuing crop fully, goes to the root place to be fusion face fully;
(3) before stock merges, merge choosing of face;
(4) scion and stock merge, and scion cross section and stock cross section are closely merged, and aim at cambium;
(5) merge mouth and fix, cover with soil fixation with iron nail or bamboo wood stick acanthopore place in root, stem tuber portion, compacting then after the fusion, was merged a mouthful callus and is begun to form fusion in 20-25 days; Scion begins growth, merges director's root that makes new advances in 20-30 days, makes the scion smooth growth, blossoms and bears fruit, and mutagenesis goes out new varieties.
Stock of choosing and scion are the fusions of the plant between not equal genus.
In the step (3), if fusion place is a stem, the stem at the 1-2cm of portion place is a fusion face on the ground.
In the step (3),, be fusion face apart from the piece or the root at 2-3cm place, bottom, ground if fusion face is piece or root.
Soil moisture content in the step (5) is 60-70%.
The present invention merges the plant between not equal genus with edge mutagenesis far away, in order to by the fusion edge mutagenesis far away between various plants and not equal genus, its survival rate height, simple, by the stable seed of the isolation and selection in 2-3 years, sorting has the stable variant body of obvious proterties from the colony that generates, the results seed is sowed once more, until selected proterties genetic stability kind.
Edge adverse circumstance method of mutagenesis far away of the present invention is by edge mutagenesis far away different plant subjects to be intersected mutagenesis, offspring's variation of institute's mutagenesis is much higher than natural variation, and the proterties of mutagenesis can genetic stability, it is the once new revolution on China's crop breeding history, to produce great impact to breeding technique, open up new breeding approach; And method of the present invention is simple to operate, and breeding material is extensive, and offspring's proterties is stable fast, quickens breeding process, easily produces new varieties, new species.
Method of the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) method of operating is simple, merges a mouthful cutting and merges easily;
(2) wound face of Rong Heing, fusion face minimum, the survival rate height, new plant strain growth is very fast;
(3) scion availability height;
(4) help cultivating plant species and the kind that makes new advances.
Crops of the present invention edge mutation breeding far away is better than transgenic breeding, genetically modified plants tend to contaminated environment, damage people's health, for example genetically modified plants are that the genetic fragments of pathogenic bacteria changes food crop (changing the genetic fragment of yersinia pestis over to soybean) over to a bit, and the grain that the seed that edge mutagenesis far away of the present invention goes out is produced belongs to green safety food as potato wheat series of products.Crops edge mutation breeding far away meeting is better than conventional sexual hybridization breeding, and for example: the dominance variation proterties that the former produced is more, particularly not of the same race edge mutagenesis far away, and its can comprehensive stock and the two advantage of scion, and this is to be beyond one's reach at conventional breeding.Far edge mutation breeding is with low cost, is lower than the gene engineering several times.The present invention is the research of crops edge mutation breeding far away mechanism and verifies, material base is provided.
Not only plant is sturdy to utilize the kind of method of the present invention institute seed selection, and leaf area is big, fringe is big, grain is big, grain is many, output is high and best in quality, also has higher cold-resistant, drought resisting, disease-resistant, resistant to lodging characteristic in addition.
Vast and boundless female soybean, the Wu Kun wheat series that adopts method of the present invention to cultivate is all stable at present, is the green plants new varieties of China's high-quality, high yield, is adapted at the Yellow River and Huai He River Haiti district establishing in large scale, is the important channel that improves peasant's increasing both production and income.With the XX city is example, and about 1,000,000 mu of year soybean planting area increases income 100 kilograms, 400,000,000 yuan of whole city's annual increase incomes as plantation Wu Kun soybean than other any soybean per mu yields of plantation; About 7,500,000 mu of year winter wheat sowing area, than 100～150 kilograms of every mu of volume increase of other any good quality wheats of plantation, whole city's annual increase income is more than 1,500,000,000 yuan as popularizing planting Wu Kun wheat; Promote to the whole nation by seed growing as whole city's plantation, company reclaims by 15%-20% price markup of market price, promotes the annual peasant of the whole city to the whole nation and increases income 100～15,000,000,000 yuan more again, directly benefits the peasant.
Experimental data result and nutrition
Experimental results show that: No. 5, No. 6 plant of vast and boundless female wheat are sturdy, the blade plumpness, and well developed root system, fringe is big, and grain is many, the thousand kernel weight height, and have stronger resistance against disadvantage, and drought resisting, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, resistant to lodging, yield potential is huge.Through the Ministry of Agriculture this kind quality inspection is surveyed, No. 5, No. 6 protein contents of vast and boundless female wheat belong to the good quality wheat scope, the quality height all above 16.64% and 16.86%.Neies variety of plant such as castor-oil plant soybean, potato soybean, sweet potato paddy, green 1-No. 6 mung beans in south, castor-oil plant rape, high protein Chinese toon.
Detailed classification combination
Can intersect mutagenesis to different plant subjects by edge induced-mutation technique far away.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Method of the present invention is as follows: choose potato and make stock, wheat is done scion; When after potato was planted 30, growing 6-8 young leaves, soil around the root is pushed aside, on root, on the stem of 1.5cm or on the piece below the root, stung an aperture with bamboo let; Wheat is vernalization in advance, treat long when 10 centimeters have 4-5 leaves, remove root fully with blade after, insert in the stock aperture, be that 60% moistening soil covers otch and scion gently with water content then, after 10-15 days, scion and stock merge fully, begin growth, keep 10-25 ℃ temperature, scion also absorbs nutrition by stock and earns a bare living, and scion in 20-25 days is born new root on fusion place top, underground and definite edge mutagenesis success far away of growing into; After 30 days, wheat begins to tiller, and cuts off unnecessary tillering, and keeps 2-3 and tillers.Experiment showed, that survival rate is up to more than 90%.
The seed of accepting then plantation in 1 year is solid, behind the results ingraftment seed, and the 3rd year self seed, by 2-3 years stable seeds of separation seed selection, screening has obviously stable variant body from the good colony of growing, and the results seed is sowed once more, up to selected proterties genetic stability.
The contemporary mutagenesis scion that need to prove implantation is after 30 days, because the influence of seasonal climate or other unknown cause, withered phenomenon appears in stock, at this moment, scion is born taking root certainly of some from fusion, keeps continued growth with going into, and test of many times shows, taking root certainly of this moment do not influence the generation of the seeds mutagenesis variation of scion.
With the potato is stock, wheat is done scion, and the character variation that the agamic offspring of edge mutagenesis far away occurs is called edge mutagenesis variation far away, a large amount of studies show that both at home and abroad, the frequency that edge mutagenesis variation far away occurs is much higher than natural variation, and the proterties of mutagenesis variation can genetic stability.
Embodiment 2
The method of present embodiment is as follows:
The method that adopts kind of bud to merge is made stock with sweet potato, and millet is scion, when length is to 10-16 young leaves after sweet potato was planted 40-60 days, soil around the root is pushed aside, on root, on the stem of 1.5cm or on the piece below the root, stung an aperture with iron nail or bamboo let; Millet is vernalization in advance, when treating length to 4 leaf one-tenth, removes root fully, inserting in the stock aperture, is that 70% moistening soil covers otch and scion gently with water content, after 15-20 days then, scion and stock merge fully, and scion begins growth, and earn a bare living by stock absorption nutrition.Basal part of stem is taken root and is buried in 20-30 days, and millet stem and sweet potato stem combine together fully, sends out branch on the sweet potato stem and comes into leaves and will progressively wipe out.Our experiments show that survival rate reaches more than 90%.
The seed of accepting then plantation in 1 year is solid, behind the results ingraftment seed, and the 3rd year self seed, by 2-3 years stable seeds of separation seed selection, screening has obviously stable variant body from the good colony of growing, and the results seed is sowed once more, up to selected proterties genetic stability.
The contemporary mutagenesis scion that need to prove implantation is after 30 days, because the influence of seasonal climate or other unknown cause, withered phenomenon appears in stock, at this moment, scion is born taking root certainly of some from fusion, keeps continued growth with going into, and test of many times shows, taking root certainly of this moment do not influence the generation of the seeds mutagenesis variation of scion.
Embodiment 3
The method of present embodiment may further comprise the steps:
Make stock with potato, soybean is scion, and after potato was planted 40-60 days, stem reached 30-50cm, during 5-10 young leaves, soil around the root is pushed aside, on the stem of 1.5cm or on the piece below the root, stings an aperture with iron nail or bamboo let on root; Soybean is vernalization in advance, when treating highly to reach 8-10cm, 4 blades, after removing root fully, the bottom of stem being whittled into wedge shape, inserting in the stock aperture, is that 65% moistening soil covers otch and scion gently with water content then, after 15-20 days, scion and stock merge fully, and scion begins growth, and earn a bare living by stock absorption nutrition.Basal part of stem is taken root and is buried in 20-30 days, and soybean stem and potato stem combine together fully, sends out branch on the potato stem and comes into leaves and will progressively wipe out.Our experiments show that survival rate reaches more than 90%.
The seed of accepting then plantation in 1 year is solid, behind the results ingraftment seed, and the 3rd year self seed, by 2-3 years stable seeds of separation seed selection, screening has obviously stable variant body from the good colony of growing, and the results seed is sowed once more, up to selected proterties genetic stability.
The contemporary mutagenesis scion that need to prove implantation is after 30 days, because the influence of seasonal climate or other unknown cause, withered phenomenon appears in stock, at this moment, scion is born taking root certainly of some from fusion, keeps continued growth with going into, and test of many times shows, taking root certainly of this moment do not influence the generation of the seeds mutagenesis variation of scion.
Embodiment 4
The method of present embodiment may further comprise the steps:
Make stock with the fleece-flower root, corn is scion, when the fleece-flower root was planted about 6 months, when stem reaches 2 meters left and right sides, soil around the root is pushed aside, on the stem of 1.5cm or on the piece below the root, stings an aperture with iron nail or bamboo let on root; Corn is planted in advance, when treating highly to reach 10-15cm, 4 blades, after removing root fully, the bottom of stem being whittled into wedge shape, inserting in the stock aperture, is that 70% moistening soil covers otch and scion gently with water content then, after 15-20 days, scion and stock merge fully, and scion begins growth, and earn a bare living by stock absorption nutrition.Basal part of stem is taken root and is buried in 20-30 days, and corn stem and fleece-flower root stem combine together fully.Our experiments show that survival rate reaches more than 90%.
The seed of accepting then plantation in 1 year is solid, and by 2 years stable seeds of separation seed selection, screening had obviously stable variant body from the good colony of growing, and the results seed is sowed once more, up to selected proterties genetic stability.
The contemporary mutagenesis scion that need to prove implantation is after 30 days, because the influence of seasonal climate or other unknown cause, withered phenomenon appears in stock, at this moment, scion is born taking root certainly of some from fusion, keeps continued growth with going into, and test of many times shows, taking root certainly of this moment do not influence the generation of the seeds mutagenesis variation of scion.
Embodiment 5
The method of present embodiment may further comprise the steps:
Make stock with big angle plum beans, millet is scion, when big angle plum beans were planted about 50 days, when stem reaches 1 meter left and right sides, soil around the root is pushed aside, on the stem of 1.5cm or on the piece below the root, stings an aperture with iron nail or bamboo let on root; Millet is planted in advance, when treating highly to reach 6-10cm, 4 blades, after removing root fully, the bottom of stem being whittled into wedge shape, inserting in the stock aperture, is that 60% moistening soil covers otch and scion gently with water content then, after 15-20 days, scion and stock merge fully, and scion begins growth, and earn a bare living by stock absorption nutrition.Basal part of stem is taken root and is buried in 20-30 days, and millet stem and big angle plum beans stem combine together fully.Our experiments show that survival rate reaches more than 90%.
The seed of accepting then plantation in 1 year is solid, behind the results ingraftment seed, and the 3rd year self seed, by 2-3 years stable seeds of separation seed selection, screening has obviously stable variant body from the good colony of growing, and the results seed is sowed once more, up to selected proterties genetic stability.
The contemporary mutagenesis scion that need to prove implantation is after 30 days, because the influence of seasonal climate or other unknown cause, withered phenomenon appears in stock, at this moment, scion is born taking root certainly of some from fusion, keeps continued growth with going into, and test of many times shows, taking root certainly of this moment do not influence the generation of the seeds mutagenesis variation of scion.
Embodiment 6
The method of present embodiment may further comprise the steps:
Make stock with the autumn tung oil tree after planting 2 years, cotton is scion, and soil around the root is pushed aside, and the root of cut-off footpath 1.5-2cm is in its lower section on the root of 1.5cm, with iron nail or aperture of bamboo let thorn; Cotton is planted in advance, when treating highly to reach 8-10cm, 4 blades, after removing root fully, the bottom of stem being whittled into wedge shape, inserting in the stock aperture, is that 65% moistening soil covers otch and scion gently with water content then, after 15-20 days, scion and stock merge fully, and scion begins growth, and earn a bare living by stock absorption nutrition.Basal part of stem is taken root and is buried in 20-30 days, and cotton stem and autumn tung oil tree stem combine together fully.Our experiments show that survival rate reaches more than 90%.
The seed of accepting then plantation in 1 year is solid, behind the results ingraftment seed, and the 3rd year self seed, by 2-3 years stable seeds of separation seed selection, screening has obviously stable variant body from the good colony of growing, and the results seed is sowed once more, up to selected proterties genetic stability.
The contemporary mutagenesis scion that need to prove implantation is after 30 days, because the influence of seasonal climate or other unknown cause, withered phenomenon appears in stock, at this moment, scion is born taking root certainly of some from fusion, keeps continued growth with going into, and test of many times shows, taking root certainly of this moment do not influence the generation of the seeds mutagenesis variation of scion.
Embodiment 7
The method of present embodiment may further comprise the steps:
Make stock with the silver-colored dish of silver, capsicum is scion, when the silver-colored dish of silver was planted about 50 days, when stem reaches 30-40cm, on the stem of the above 1.5cm in ground, stings an aperture with iron nail or bamboo let; Capsicum is planted in advance, when treating highly to reach 3-4cm, 4 blades, after removing root fully, the bottom of stem being whittled into wedge shape, inserting in the stock aperture, is that 65% moistening soil covers otch and scion gently with water content then, after 15-20 days, scion and stock merge fully, and scion begins growth, and earn a bare living by stock absorption nutrition.Basal part of stem is taken root and is buried in 20-30 days, and capsicum stem and Yin Yin dish stem combine together fully.Our experiments show that survival rate reaches more than 90%.
The seed of accepting then plantation in 1 year is solid, behind the results ingraftment seed, and the 3rd year self seed, by 2-3 years stable seeds of separation seed selection, screening has obviously stable variant body from the good colony of growing, and the results seed is sowed once more, up to selected proterties genetic stability.
The contemporary mutagenesis scion that need to prove implantation is after 30 days, because the influence of seasonal climate or other unknown cause, withered phenomenon appears in stock, at this moment, scion is born taking root certainly of some from fusion, keeps continued growth with going into, and test of many times shows, taking root certainly of this moment do not influence the generation of the seeds mutagenesis variation of scion.
It should be noted last that: above embodiment is the unrestricted technical scheme of the present invention in order to explanation only, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to the foregoing description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: still can make amendment or be equal to replacement the present invention, and not breaking away from any modification or partial replacement of the spirit and scope of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1, the method for culturing new species by merging distant mutagenesis between each plant species is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
(1) chooses plant piece root or stem and make stock;
(2) integral body of choosing plant is gone the scion of root ensuing crop fully, goes to the root place to be fusion face fully;
(3) before stock merges, merge choosing of face;
(4) scion and stock merge, and scion cross section and stock cross section are closely merged, and aim at cambium;
(5) merge mouth and fix, cover with soil fixation with iron nail or bamboo wood stick acanthopore place in root, stem tuber portion, compacting then after the fusion, was merged a mouthful callus and is begun to form fusion in 20-25 days; Scion begins growth, merges director's root that makes new advances in 20-30 days, makes the scion smooth growth, blossoms and bears fruit, and mutagenesis goes out new varieties.
2, the method for culturing new species by merging distant mutagenesis between each plant species according to claim 1 is characterized in that: stock of choosing and scion are the fusions of the plant between not equal genus.
3, the method for culturing new species by merging distant mutagenesis between each plant species according to claim 2 is characterized in that: in the step (3), if fusion place is a stem, the stem at the 1-2cm of portion place is a fusion face on the ground.
4, the method for culturing new species by merging distant mutagenesis between each plant species according to claim 2 is characterized in that: in the step (3), if fusion face is piece or root, be fusion face apart from the piece or the root at 2-3cm place, bottom, ground.
5, according to the method for culturing new species by merging distant mutagenesis between arbitrary described each plant species in the claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: the soil moisture content in the step (5) is 60-70%.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101889505A (en) * | 2010-06-22 | 2010-11-24 | 江西天顺生态农业有限公司 | Radiation breeding method for gardenia |
| CN101715687B (en) * | 2009-12-08 | 2011-06-29 | 周祥荣 | Method for cultivating sword silkworm grass by fusing |
| CN102835258A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2012-12-26 | 界首市昊坤农作物种植专业合作社 | Method for cultivating new wheat variety from sweet potato, sword bean and Chinese yam via distant hybridization |
| CN103766142A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2014-05-07 | 曹长义 | Breeding method for inducing breeding objective plant variation through plant |
| CN106879459A (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2017-06-23 | 周口师范学院 | A kind of plant induces the breeding method of breeding objective Mutations In Plants |
| CN110622857A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2019-12-31 | 南京农业大学 | Cotton chromosome doubling method |
| CN112931089A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-06-11 | 河南多麦稼农业科技有限公司 | Technology for cultivating lodging-resistant wheat by utilizing adversity stress distant symbiosis and epigenetic inheritance |
| CN114208608A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-03-22 | 中山大学 | Breeding and production method of multidisciplinary wild vegetables |
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- 2008-01-08 CN CNA2008100490274A patent/CN101480163A/en active Pending
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101715687B (en) * | 2009-12-08 | 2011-06-29 | 周祥荣 | Method for cultivating sword silkworm grass by fusing |
| CN101889505A (en) * | 2010-06-22 | 2010-11-24 | 江西天顺生态农业有限公司 | Radiation breeding method for gardenia |
| CN101889505B (en) * | 2010-06-22 | 2012-02-15 | 江西天顺生态农业有限公司 | Radiation breeding method for gardenia |
| CN102835258A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2012-12-26 | 界首市昊坤农作物种植专业合作社 | Method for cultivating new wheat variety from sweet potato, sword bean and Chinese yam via distant hybridization |
| CN103766142A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2014-05-07 | 曹长义 | Breeding method for inducing breeding objective plant variation through plant |
| WO2015010562A1 (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2015-01-29 | Cao Changyi | Breeding method of plant induced mutation of breeding target plant |
| CN103766142B (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2015-08-19 | 曹长义 | A kind of breeding method of plant induction breeding objective Mutations In Plants |
| CN106879459A (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2017-06-23 | 周口师范学院 | A kind of plant induces the breeding method of breeding objective Mutations In Plants |
| CN110622857A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2019-12-31 | 南京农业大学 | Cotton chromosome doubling method |
| CN112931089A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-06-11 | 河南多麦稼农业科技有限公司 | Technology for cultivating lodging-resistant wheat by utilizing adversity stress distant symbiosis and epigenetic inheritance |
| CN114208608A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-03-22 | 中山大学 | Breeding and production method of multidisciplinary wild vegetables |
| CN114208608B (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-09-06 | 中山大学 | Breeding and production method of multidisciplinary wild vegetables |
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