CN101467435B - 通过计算机网络无字母数字键区操作实现电话呼叫的系统 - Google Patents
通过计算机网络无字母数字键区操作实现电话呼叫的系统 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种使用计算机系统(102),而不使用字母数字键区进行操作用以在电话装置(118和122)之间实现电话呼叫的系统。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于在电话装置之间实现电话呼叫的系统。本发明还涉及网络浏览器和可用于互联网的软件的新颖用途。
背景技术
基于因特网协议的语音传输(VoIP)是一种硬件和软件,其能使用户利用诸如互联网的计算机网络作为传输介质通过使用互联网协议(IP)而不是通过传统的公共交换电话网络(PSTN)的电路传输发送语音数据包而进行电话呼叫。这避免了电路交换以及相关的带宽浪费。取代地,使用包交换,其中具有语音数据的IP包仅当数据需要发送时,即当呼叫方通话时,通过网络进行发送。
VoIP优于传统电话的优点包括,以示例说明,每次呼叫成本更低,尤其是对于长途呼叫,以及更低的基础设施成本。即,一旦安装了IP基础设施,不需要或仅需要很少额外的电话基础设施。
然而,虽然VoIP系统的技术灵活,但呼叫者仍受限于通过使用电话上的键区人工地发起呼叫。该技术需要极力地减少或消除发起电话呼叫时包括电话键区操作的用户人工行为。
发明内容
因此,本发明的基本目的在于提供一种使用计算机网络而无电话装置键区的人工使用而在电话装置之间实现设置呼叫的系统。
本发明的第三方呼叫控制(3PCC)应用程序接口(API)提供给用户使用网络浏览器或其他互联网软件设置呼叫的能力。这免去了使用电话键区。API的开放特点还提供了使3PCC功能与诸如客户关系管理(CRM)、联系管理应用等新的或现有应用一体化的能力。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,第三方呼叫控制应用程序接口包括可通过互联网操作的第一统一资源定位符,以使第一电话装置和第二电话装置之间的呼叫或连接完成。第一统一资源定位符包括第一电话装置的识别和第二电话装置的识别。
在本发明的一个技术方案中,第一统一资源定位符可以在与互联网通信连接的计算机系统中生成。可以通过发起对第一电话装置的呼叫以及当对第一电话装置的呼叫应答时,为了完成该呼叫将该呼叫转移到第二电话装置,从而完成该呼叫。可以使用会话发起协议邀请(SIP INVITE)方法发起对第一电话装置的呼叫。可以使用会话发起协议转移(SIP REFER)方法将该呼叫转移到第二电话装置。
在本发明的一个技术方案中,第一电话装置的识别可包括第一电话装置的电话号码的识别以及第二电话装置的识别可包括第二电话装置的电话号码的识别。该电话装置可以是传统的电话。然而,本发明预期任何现有的或未来的电话装置。第三方呼叫控制应用程序可进一步包括待付费的帐单(account)的识别。第一电话装置的识别包括第一电话装置的电话号码以及第二电话装置的识别包括第二电话装置的电话号码。待付费的帐单识别可包括第一电话装置的电话号码、第二电话装置的电话号码或第三电话装置的电话号码。
在本发明的另一技术方案中,第三方呼叫控制应用程序可进一步包括可通过互联网操作的第二统一资源定位符以获得识别待付费的帐单的信息。识别待付费的帐单的该信息还可包括至少一个电话号码。第一电话装置的第一统一资源定位符识别和第二电话装置的第一统一资源定位符识别的至少其中之一可包括由第二统一资源定位符获得的至少一个电话号码。
在本发明的再一技术方案中,第三方呼叫控制应用程序包括识别(identification)和密码信息;所述信息在呼叫完成之前进行验证和确认。
附图说明
图1是在其中可以实施本发明的系统的示例性方框图;
图2是对于本发明功能的联系列表界面的实施方式的示意图;
图3示出了实现本发明功能的虚拟卡(vcard)的示例。
具体实施方式
本发明的第三方呼叫控制(3PCC)应用程序接口(API)提供给用户使用网络浏览器或其他可用于互联网的软件以设置呼叫的能力。这免去了使用传统电话机上的诸如字母/数字键区的键区。API的开放特点还提供了使3PCC功能与新的或现有应用例如客户关系管理(CRM)、联系管理应用等一体化的能力。
可以在如图1所示的系统中实施本发明。在一个实施方式中,用户计算机系统102用于使用加密超文本传输协议(HTTPS)统一资源定位符(uniformresource locator,URL)104(加密套接字协议层(SSL))访问互联网并调用3PCC API。URL 104用于通行特许证,诸如登录信息以及至少两个电话号码,“主叫”号码和“被叫”号码。适合的URL的示例是:
https://secure.url.com/tpcc/makecall?username=aw&password=secret&
from number=17325551111&tonumber=17325552222
该URL包括加密超文本传输协议(https:)的规范、网络服务器106的互联网地址(secure.url.com)、通过网络服务器106实施的操作(makecall)、特许证(username=aw&password=secret)、发起呼叫的主叫电话的电话号码(fromnumber=17325551111)以及将完成该呼叫的被叫电话的电话号码(tonumber=17325552222)。
HTTP URL激活加密网络服务器106,该加密网络服务器106验证用户并将该信息发送给呼叫管理器(CallController)系统108。优选地,使用远程过程调用(RPC)110将信息从加密网络服务器106发送到呼叫管理器108。呼叫管理器108是会话发起协议(SIP)代理服务器114的受托端(trusted peer)。
SIP是用于互联网会议、电话、在席(presence)、事件通知和即时消息的信令协议。SIP提供必须的协议机制以使端系统和代理服务器可提供服务,诸如呼叫完成、呼叫转移、被呼叫方和呼叫“号码”发送、个人移动性、终端型协商和选择、终端能力协商、呼叫方和被叫方验证、无条件的和受监督的呼叫转移(blind and supervised call transfer)、对多播会议的邀请。
SIP的目的是提供公共交换电话网络(PSTN)中具有的呼叫处理功能和特征的超集。同样地,表现出允许熟知的类似电话操作的特征:拨号码、使电话响铃、听到回铃音或忙音。实施方法和术语是不同的;例如,SIP称装置在“警戒状态(alerting state)”而不是“响铃”。
响应于接收来自加密网络服务器106的RPC110,呼叫管理器108调用包含SIP代理服务器114的多个SIP方法112。作为响应,SIP代理服务器114将这些SIP方法116调用至合适的目标。另外,SIP代理服务器114监控已发起的和已完成的任何呼叫,从而执行必要的计费功能。
特别地,呼叫管理器108使用SIP INVITE方法发起从呼叫管理器108到“主叫”号码的呼叫。SIP代理服务器114反过来调用指向“主叫”电话118的SIP INVITE方法116。用于调用SIP INVITE的技术依赖于涉及的“主叫”电话118的类型。例如,如果“主叫”电话118是网际协议(IP)电话,则可以直接在“主叫”电话118上调用SIP INVITE方法120B,原因在于IP电话能响应于SIP INVITE方法的调用而实现需要的功能。可选地,如果“主叫”电话118是标准的公共交换电话网络(PSTN)电话,则使用PSTN网关服务器120A调用SIP INVITE方法以发起呼叫。在任一情形下,发起对“主叫”电话118的呼叫。
当“主叫”电话118应答时,呼叫管理器108发起呼叫转移以使用SIPREFER方法将对来自原呼叫方、呼叫管理器108的“主叫”电话118的该呼叫转移至“被叫”电话122号码。这终止了呼叫管理器和“主叫”电话118之间的初始呼叫,并激发“主叫”电话118以向“被叫”电话122发起新的呼叫。该呼叫将计在合适的帐单上。
有三种可能的号码可以对呼叫进行计费——“主叫”号码、“被叫”号码,或第三“计费”号码。对呼叫计费的号码必须属于电话服务提供商的用户。因此,如果“主叫”号码属于用户,则该呼叫对“主叫”号码计费,如果“被叫”号码属于用户,则该呼叫对“被叫”号码计费,如果“主叫”号码或“被叫”号码都不属于用户,则必须对第三号码计费。该第三号码可以提供在URL 104中或者它可与用于登录的用户名相关。包括“计费”号码的适当的URL的示例是:
https://secure.url.com/tpcc/makecall?username=aw&password=secret&
fromnumber=17325551111&tonumber=17325552222&
bill to number=17325553333
优选地,暴露出额外的HTTPS URL,其使得应用获取用户帐单的电话号码列表。该URL通过特许证(登录信息)并返回对应于登录信息的帐单相关的电话号码。该列表可以呈现给用户以选择对哪个号码发起呼叫(“主叫”号码),和/或选择哪个号码将对呼叫计费(“计费”号码)。
虽然,典型地,用户计算机系统102用于发起电话呼叫,但还可从第三方电话124发起呼叫。第三方电话124将拨号进入交互语音响应(IVR)系统126并将用于输入需要发起该电话呼叫的信息。IVR 126使用RPC 128将该信息发送给呼叫管理器108。该系统将随后以类似于从用户计算机系统102发起呼叫的方式而发起呼叫。
第三方电话配置与仅包含“被叫”和“主叫”电话的配置相比,稍微改变“主叫”电话118的角色。“被叫”电话122和“主叫”电话118都成为“被叫”电话。如果第三方向“主叫”电话118呼叫电话,则SIP代理服务器114调用sip invite方法116,如上所述。然而,如果第三方电话124试图接通“被叫”电话122,则本发明的系统可以具有适应性可操作的可选的和附加的通信连接500,响应通过代理服务器114调用类似于sip invite方法116的方法。
作为另一可能,呼叫管理器服务器108使用类似于通信连接500的连接总是直接呼叫“被叫”电话122。包括所述直接连接的一种可能情形可能涉及当操作“主叫”电话的呼叫方不希望经历由于占线而导致的任何延迟时的情况。命令管理器服务器发起与“被叫”电话的连接,以及一旦“被叫”电话的接线员应答来自管理器服务器的呼叫时,则实际上“主叫”和“被叫”电话的连接可节省“主叫”电话接线员的时间。
包括第三方电话124的本发明系统的配置可以具有数个实际配置(ramification)并以不同的方式使用。例如,一个潜在的应用是类似于“电话卡”。用户可以从任意电话机拨电话,诸如他们的旅馆电话机或付费电话机到任意其他电话机,同时将该呼叫费用计到他们自己的帐单上。
本发明提供的服务的用户的示例包括商务用户,其具有需要呼叫(例如,营销电话)大的用于电话簿,或通过电话营销运营。在该情形下,用户使用“主叫”电话并且呼叫从“主叫”号码计费。
例如,这可能实施在电话中或地址簿软件中,诸如对电子邮件程序使用插件如MICROSOFT OUTLOOK,或联系人管理者软件。在图2中示出了所述实施的示例。在该示例中,联系人窗口202包括多个联系人条目204A-C。每个联系人条目204A-C包括联系人地址208A-C和联系人电话号码210A-C。与每个联系人电话号码210A-C关联的是软件控制,当激活时,该软件控制使用如图1所示的第三方呼叫控制系统对电话号码210A-C拨号。该软件控制可以采取任意形式。例如,该软件控制可以是按钮或与电话号码210A-C有关的激活区。可选地,软件控制可以是热键,其可通过例如,用户选择电话号码并随后按热键来操作。这些只是适合的软件控制的示例,可以使用具有充分功能的任何软件控制。
为了使用如图1所示的第三方呼叫控制系统拨电话号码210A-C,采用诸如以上所示的URL。电话号码210A-C包括在URL中,典型地作为“被叫”号码。“主叫”号码将典型地为发起呼叫的人可获得的电话机的电话号码。“计费”号码可以从URL省去,在该情形下典型地对“主叫”号码进行计费,或者第三“计费”号码可以包括在URL中。
该功能的额外增强包括扫描对于显示为电话号码的字符串的页和文件的能力。可以为用户对这些电话号码加亮。用户随后通过选择该号码并按热键或其他软件控制而拨打任意所述电话号码。
优选地,该技术实现包括理解包含国际电话号码的电话号码格式的充足智能,以及过滤电话号码的字符而去除诸如圆括号、连字号等字符的能力。
在另一实施方式中,用户能发布软件对象,其提供给该对象的接收人呼叫该用户的能力。典型地,该软件对象使用电子邮件进行发布,但它可以通过下载或任意形式的电子通信而发布。所述软件对象的示例如图3所示。在图3所示的示例中,软件对象是虚拟的联系人卡片或“虚拟卡”302。在该示例中,虚拟卡302包括诸如公司名304、用户名306、地址308和用于发起呼叫的命令310的信息。另外虚拟卡302包括虚拟卡接收人将输入它们的电话号码的区域312和启动电话呼叫的软件控制314诸如按钮。所提供的信息,公司名304、用户名306、地址308以及用于启动呼叫的命令310仅是示例并且任意所需的信息可以包括在虚拟卡中。类似地,区域312和软件控制314仅是可用于虚拟卡操作的软件机构的示例。
包括在或相关于虚拟卡302和/或软件控制314中的是在用户和虚拟卡接收者之间发起电话呼叫的软件。当接收者在区域312中输入电话号码并激活软件控制314时,虚拟卡302产生URL并使用该URL将信息316传输到虚拟卡服务器318。虽然所传输的信息可包括用户的身份和密码信息,但优选地,所传输的信息316不包括未加密形式的信息。例如,所传输的信息316可包括加密形式的用户的身份和密码信息,或所传输的信息316可以为由虚拟卡服务器318使用的标记以诸如通过数据查找表而获得用户的身份和密码信息。
虚拟卡服务器318接收所传输的信息316并生成用于将信息320传输到加密网络服务器106的URL。该URL类似于由用户计算机系统102生成的URL,如图1所示,其用于与加密网络服务器106通信。如果所传输的信息316是用户的编码身份和密码信息,虚拟卡服务器318解码该信息并使用其生成URL。如果所传输的信息316是标记(token),则虚拟卡服务器318确认该标记,随后使用该标记来获得用户的身份和密码信息,诸如通过使用该标记访问包含用户身份和密码信息的数据库。在任何情形下,URL用于将信息320传输给加密网络服务器106,其以类似于图1的方式发起电话呼叫。
典型地,虚拟卡302包括诸如虚拟卡服务器318的网络地址信息、标记和/或编码信息以及识别虚拟卡发送人的信息。可选地,虚拟卡302可能包括识别待发起的特定呼叫设置的唯一标记,但其本身不包括识别含有的用户帐单信息。当然,各种改进是可能的,诸如包括识别信息,但不包括密码等。
在图3所示的示例中,虚拟卡302包括区域312,虚拟卡的接收人在该区域中输入将完成呼叫的电话号码。可选地,虚拟卡的发送人或其他软件对象可指定将完成电话呼叫的特定号码。这将使得用户可管理可以完成的特定呼叫。例如,用户可生成一个软件对象,其发起从他们祖母电话到用户电话的呼叫,另一软件对象,其发起从朋友电话到用户电话的呼叫等。这使得呼叫方在任何时候可从他们的电话发起对用户的呼叫,同时对该用户即“被叫”号码计费。
另外,可以允许软件对象的发送人指定软件对象使用的条件。例如,发送人可以指定软件对象在特定的日期后过期(expire),发送人可以指定每天呼叫的时间限制,发送人可以限制国际呼叫等。如果将所传输的信息编码,则该信息可以包括在已编码的信息中。如果所传输的信息为标记,则数据库可以包括适合的条件信息。
虽然对本发明的具体实施方式已进行了描述,但本领域的技术人员应当理解存在等同于所述实施方式的其他实施方式。例如,本发明还可有利地应用于三方和/或多方会议。对于三方会议,如图1所示的系统将用于对相同电话启动两个呼叫。典型地,对电话的第一呼叫将完成,第二呼叫将启动,该电话将接收呼叫等待指示,以及第二呼叫将与第一呼叫进行会议。对于多方会议,如图1所示的系统将用于发起对会议桥的呼叫,并且所有呼叫记在会议组织者的帐单上。
另外,特别要注意的是虽然本发明已在全功能数据处理系统的上下文中进行了描述,但本领域的技术人员将理解本发明的处理能以计算机可读介质形式的命令和各种形式发布,以及不管实际用于执行该发布的携带信号介质的特定类型,本发明同样地应用。计算机可读介质的示例包括诸如软盘、硬盘驱动、RAM(随机存储器)和CD-ROM(光盘只读存储器)的可记录型介质,以及诸如数字和模拟通信连接的传输型介质。
因此,将理解本发明不是由前述特定的所描述的实施方式限定,而由所附的权利要求书的范围限定。
Claims (21)
1.一种用于实现电话呼叫的系统,包括:
加密网络服务器,被配置为通过计算机网络接收统一资源定位符,能操作以实现从第一电话装置到第二电话装置的电话呼叫;
呼叫管理服务器,被配置为接收关于来自所述加密网络服务器的电话呼叫的信息,并对所述信息作出如下响应:使用会话发起协议邀请方法发起从所述呼叫管理服务器到所述第一电话装置或所述第二电话装置的呼叫;以及,响应所述呼叫的应答,使用会话发起协议转移方法建立从所述第一电话装置到所述第二电话装置的电话呼叫。
2.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,所述统一资源定位符包括所述第一电话装置的“主叫”电话号码和所述第二电话装置的“被叫”电话号码。
3.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,所述计算机网络包括互联网。
4.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,进一步包括用于识别各个第一电话装置和第二电话装置的电话号码识别装置。
5.根据权利要求4所述的系统,其特征在于,所述第一电话装置和第二电话装置至少其中之一包括电话机。
6.根据权利要求5所述的系统,其特征在于,所述第一电话装置和第二电话装置至少其中之一包括字母数字键区。
7.根据权利要求6所述的系统,其特征在于,所述字母数字键区不能在所述系统中操作。
8.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,所述加密网络服务器被配置为接收来自连接到所述计算机网络的网络浏览器的所述统一资源定位符。
9.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,所述第一电话装置包括电话键区,所述系统能在没有电话键区的使用下操作。
10.一种电话呼叫完成的方法,包括:
(a)显示包括待完成的电话呼叫的相关信息的联系人信息;
(b)接收统一资源定位符,该统一资源定位符具有从第一电话装置到第二电话装置的待完成的所述电话呼叫的指示;
(c)使用会话发起协议邀请方法发起对所述第一电话装置或所述第二电话装置的呼叫;以及
(d)响应所述呼叫的应答,使用会话发起协议转移方法转移所述呼叫,以建立从所述第一电话装置到所述第二电话装置的所述电话呼叫。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,与待完成的所述电话呼叫相关的所述联系人信息包括电话号码。
12.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,所述统一资源定位符包括所述第一电话装置的识别和所述第二电话装置的识别,并且其中所述第一电话装置的识别或所述第二电话装置的识别的至少其中一个包括电话号码。
13.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,所显示的联系人信息包括与多个电话呼叫相关的信息。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其特征在于,待完成的所述电话呼叫的所述指示包括与多个电话呼叫的至少其中之一相关的信息,并且该信息选自于所显示的联系人信息。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法,其特征在于,与所述多个呼叫相关的所述信息包括多个电话号码。
16.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,待完成的所述电话呼叫的所述指示包括选自多个电话号码的至少一个电话号码。
17.根据权利要求14所述的方法,其特征在于,其中所述统一资源定位符包括所述第一电话装置的识别和所述第二电话装置的识别,并且其中所述第一电话装置的识别和所述第二电话装置的识别的至少其中之一包括选自多个电话号码的至少一个电话号码。
18.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,所述联系人信息显示在选自包括电话簿软件、地址簿软件、电子邮件软件、联系人管理软件、电话簿软件插件、地址簿软件插件、电子邮件软件插件和联系人管理软件插件及其组合的其中之一中。
19.根据权利要求18所述的方法,其特征在于,所显示的联系人信息包括与待完成的多个电话呼叫相关的信息。
20.根据权利要求19所述的方法,其特征在于,待完成的所述电话呼叫的所述指示包括与待完成的所述多个电话呼叫的至少其中之一相关的信息,该信息选自所显示的联系人信息。
21.根据权利要求20所述的方法,其特征在于,与待完成的所述多个电话呼叫相关的所述信息包括多个电话号码。
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US8320543B2 (en) | 2012-11-27 |
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AU2006227688A1 (en) | 2006-09-28 |
CA2601164A1 (en) | 2006-09-28 |
WO2006101949A2 (en) | 2006-09-28 |
US20090262729A1 (en) | 2009-10-22 |
US8588389B2 (en) | 2013-11-19 |
CA2601164C (en) | 2016-05-24 |
EP1869872A2 (en) | 2007-12-26 |
EP1869872A4 (en) | 2011-05-25 |
CN101467435A (zh) | 2009-06-24 |
WO2006101949A3 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
US20060210036A1 (en) | 2006-09-21 |
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