CN101458069B - Tunnel wall rock deformation monitoring method and monitoring system thereof - Google Patents
Tunnel wall rock deformation monitoring method and monitoring system thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring method and a monitoring system thereof. The monitoring method is as below: (1) firstly, a laser is fixed on the inner wall of a stabilized tunnel surrounding rock, then a fixed photosensitive displacement signal monitor is arranged on a preliminary bracing of an unstable surrounding rock in the constructed tunnel, and the signal output end of the laser is opposite to the signal receiving end of the photosensitive displacement signal monitor; (2) during the monitoring, the laser sends a real-time laser signal to the photosensitive displacement signal monitor used for receiving laser signals, and in the monitoring process, the photosensitive displacement signal monitor sends monitoring data on the deformation displacement of the unstable surrounding rock to a signal processing terminal; and (3) the signal processing terminal performs automatic analysis according to collected data, and when the deformation displacement value of the surrounding rock reaches or exceeds a dangerous deformation value, the signal processing terminal sends an alarm signal via an alarming system. The method and the system thereof are favorable for reducing and avoiding casualty and loss caused by serious tunnel and laneway collapse so as to improve the construction safety.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of tunnel wall rock deformation monitoring method and monitoring system thereof.
Background technology:
Along with the fast development of nation-building, some new characteristics have appearred in present highway, railway tunnel: section is big, the tunnel is long, geologic condition is complicated, and the poor strata condition of side very easily causes Tunnel Landslide, water burst in face of the tunnel piercing.These factors are not only brought great difficulty to constructing tunnel technically, also usually because of burst accident causes personal injury, construction delay, thereby cause enormous economic loss, have also caused the great attention of state supervision department simultaneously.
As on August 16th, 2007, the Ministry of Railways and State Administration of Quality and Technical Supervision issued " circular that closes the prominent mud accident of the great gushing water of tunnel " 8.5 " construction about suitable ten thousand railways wild three " jointly.Circular is introduced, about 1 o'clock morning on the 5th of August in 2007, after suitable ten thousand railways of being responsible for constructing by 16 innings of four company of Chinese railway construction main office wild three close tunnel (Enshi, Hubei Province is domestic) I line DK124+602 face explosions, the prominent mud accident of burst gushing water in organizing the muck removal process, gushing water amount 15.1 ten thousand steres in one and a half hours, mudstone amount 5.35 ten thousand steres, just 52 of operation workmens are stranded in the tunnel.For being strictly on guard against that similar accident takes place, office of relevant portion has proposed requirement, and " each unit in charge of construction wants the reasonable disposition resource, guarantees that coordinative composition of equipments, personnel assort, and strengthen monitoring and inspection work.Find major accident hidden danger and geologic anomaly situation, necessary serious analysis, science judgment, in time take effective engineering safety technological prevention measure ", " each unit in charge of construction will strengthen tunnel surrounding and measure and analysis-by-synthesis, adheres to the country rock measurement is included in process management, by measuring the measurement that reaches surrouding rock deformation section and modification speed, analyze its deformation tendency, provide abundant foundation, guarantee the safe and reliable of preliminary bracing scheme " for adjusting supporting parameter.
15: 20 on the 15th November in 2008 for another example, the surface collapse accident takes place in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province city subway Line 1 Xiang Hu station workshop section construction site (oprn-work operation), cause 11 automobiles that travel herein to sink to subsideing (passengers inside the car's 2 people's slight wounds, all the other personal securities are escaped danger), workmen's 7 people's death, 14 people are missing.Through initial analysis, this time accident exposes the problem of five aspects: enterprise security production responsibility is not implemented, and manages not in place; Administer not firm, untimely, not thorough to the accident potential that finds; Safety technique training to the workmen becomes a mere formality, and does not even train just on duty; Labor service recruitment management is lack of standardization, the field management confusion; The supervision of relevant department of local government is ineffective.
Increasing along with new pick tunnel and tunnel, can suffer from the worse situation of geological hydrology condition.Owing to lack advanced interdisciplinary science Forecasting Methodology, the number of casualties sharply rises due to landslide and the water burst accident suddenly, and its painful consequence is startling.The accurately number of casualties and the loss of monitoring to reduce or to avoid great landslide in tunnel and tunnel and water burst accident to be caused, real is the task of top priority.
Present tunnel deformation monitoring method: 1) adopt steel ruler formula convergence gauge and hang the ways of contact such as steel ruler levelling and measure, it is low, simple to operate and adapt to the advantage of abominable construction environment that this method has a cost.Along with building of increasing longspan tunnel will be arranged, the continuous increase of span makes this monitoring method have tangible limitation, as hanging the chi difficulty, construction is disturbed big, and be difficult to guarantee the precision of construction Deformation monitoring, measurement result is influenced by human factor easily.2) non-contact three-dimensional observation (no dipstick metering is surveyed).No dipstick metering survey technology has been applied in the headroom displacement measurement of underground works in states such as Japan, Switzerland.The method that realizes roughly has three kinds; One, being is the 3 D analysis measurement of major equipment with many electronic theodolites; Two, being is the 3 D deformation measurement [1～2] of major equipment with the total powerstation; Three, being is the close shot deformation measurement of major equipment with the close-range camera.
But the total powerstation method causes that survey station point coordinate error is very big, and do not carry out adjustment processing in the observation process because the physical state of reference point is stable inadequately, thus the error of coordinate of observation station＞± 1.0mm.Concerning the tunnel clearance deformation monitoring, can not satisfy accuracy requirement.And owing to reasons such as various objective external conditions such as measurement personnel, measuring equipment, testing elements, the on-the-spot firsthand data that obtains exists all errors or mistake inevitably.
In a word, present domestic tunnel surrounding monitoring, the one, generally adopt the contact class to measure means, inefficiency consume great amount of manpower and financial resources, and observation effect is not good, has the excessive problem that causes the monitoring result distortion of human factor influence; The 2nd, some is with advanced BJSD-3 laser tunnel cross-section detector, and total powerstation etc., but the automatic warning function of tool not can not be monitored in real time, and man's activity also has.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of tunnel wall rock deformation monitoring method and monitoring system thereof, this method and system thereof help the number of casualties and the loss that reduce and avoid tunnel, the great landslide in tunnel to be caused, thereby improve construction operation safety.
Tunnel wall rock deformation monitoring method of the present invention is characterized in that:
Described monitoring method is as follows:
(1) at first laser instrument is fixed on the stable tunnel surrounding inwall, install and fix photosensitive displacement signal monitor in the preliminary bracing of unstable country rock again in construction tunnel, the signal output part of described laser instrument is relative with the receiving end of photosensitive displacement signal monitor signal;
When (2) monitoring, the photosensitive displacement signal monitor in order to receive laser signal of laser instrument in the tunnel sends real-time laser signal, and photosensitive displacement signal monitor sends the Monitoring Data of unstable surrouding rock deformation displacement in real time in the observation process to the signal Processing terminal;
(3) the signal Processing terminal is according to the data analysis of collecting, and when the surrouding rock deformation shift value met or exceeded the dangerous deformations value, the signal Processing terminal was promptly sent alerting signal through warning system.
Near arch springing horizontal convergence speed is less than 0.2mm/d, and the arch rate of sinking is less than 0.15mm/d, and it is stable that country rock reaches substantially, and system does not report to the police, and signal lamp does not work; Near arch springing horizontal convergence speed is greater than 0.2mm/d, and the arch rate of sinking is greater than 0.15mm/d, and the headroom pace of change is during less than 5.0mm/d, and country rock is in safe deformation stage, and system does not report to the police, but signal lamp lights green light; When the headroom pace of change continued greater than 5.0mm/d, country rock was in rapid deformation state, should strengthen the preliminary bracing system, and system sends alerting signal, the bright orange lamp of signal lamp; When the headroom pace of change continued greater than 10.0mm/d, accident was big, was the omen of landslide, and system sends rapid alerting signal, and signal lamp flashes the redlight, and the prompting site operation personnel withdraws the tunnel at once.
Tunnel wall rock deformation monitoring system of the present invention, it is characterized in that: comprise laser instrument and optical beam transformation module, photosensitive displacement signal acquisition system module, location and supporting module and monitoring and signal processing software module, the long-distance radio communication module, acoustic scene light alarm system module, described module all is connected with power module, described laser instrument and beam shaping system module send laser beam to photosensitive displacement signal acquisition system module, the output of described photosensitive displacement signal acquisition system module is sent to monitoring and signal processing system module, the output of described monitoring and signal processing system module by signal is shielded to text display respectively, the long-distance radio communication module, acoustic scene light alarm system module, described long-distance radio communication module output signal to the remote signal receiving terminal.
Remarkable advantage of the present invention is: thus the distortion situation that can monitor the country rock of construction tunnel instability in real time is issued on early warning information to avoid the generation of accident.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 installs and uses view for laser instrument of the present invention and PSD.
Fig. 2 is a Fundamentals of Supervisory Systems block diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment:
Tunnel wall rock deformation monitoring method of the present invention is characterized in that:
Described monitoring method is as follows:
(1) at first laser instrument is fixed on the stable tunnel surrounding inwall, install and fix photosensitive displacement signal monitor in the preliminary bracing of unstable country rock again in construction tunnel, the signal output part of described laser instrument is relative with the receiving end of photosensitive displacement signal monitor signal;
When (2) monitoring, the photosensitive displacement signal monitor in order to receive laser signal of laser instrument in the tunnel sends real-time laser signal, and photosensitive displacement signal monitor sends the Monitoring Data of unstable surrouding rock deformation displacement in real time in the observation process to the signal Processing terminal;
(3) the signal Processing terminal is according to the data analysis of collecting, and when the surrouding rock deformation shift value met or exceeded the dangerous deformations value, the signal Processing terminal was promptly sent alerting signal through warning system.
Near arch springing horizontal convergence speed is less than 0.2mm/d, and the arch rate of sinking is less than 0.15mm/d, and it is stable that country rock reaches substantially, and system does not report to the police, and signal lamp does not work; Near arch springing horizontal convergence speed is greater than 0.2mm/d, and the arch rate of sinking is greater than 0.15mm/d, and the headroom pace of change is during less than 5.0mm/d, and country rock is in safe deformation stage, and system does not report to the police, but signal lamp lights green light; When the headroom pace of change continued greater than 5.0mm/d, country rock was in rapid deformation state, should strengthen the preliminary bracing system, and system sends alerting signal, the bright orange lamp of signal lamp; When the headroom pace of change continued greater than 10.0mm/d, accident was big, was the omen of landslide, and system sends rapid alerting signal, and signal lamp flashes the redlight, and the prompting site operation personnel withdraws the tunnel at once.
When the surrouding rock deformation shift value surpasses safe deformation values but when reinforcing safe deformation values, the signal Processing terminal is sent and reinforced the country rock instruction.
The preliminary bracing of above-mentioned unstable country rock inwall is provided with hold-down support, described hold-down support is connected with in order to monitor the photosensitive displacement signal monitor of unstable surrouding rock deformation, and described each photosensitive displacement signal monitor is connected with the signal Processing terminal through signal wire respectively; Also be provided with hold-down support on the described stable tunnel surrounding inwall, this hold-down support is connected with laser instrument, in order to emission of lasering beam.
Above-mentioned photosensitive displacement signal monitor is PSD, CCD or fibre faceplate.
The method applied in the present invention and system have solved this significant problem of security in the existing tunnel construction operation, the safety coefficient of constructing tunnel operation is provided greatly, thereby ensured the safety of people's life and property, helped large-area promotion and implementation and use.
Claims (4)
1. tunnel wall rock deformation monitoring method is characterized in that:
Described monitoring method is as follows:
(1) at first laser instrument is fixed on the stable tunnel surrounding inwall, install and fix photosensitive displacement signal monitor in the preliminary bracing of unstable country rock again in construction tunnel, the signal output part of described laser instrument is relative with the receiving end of photosensitive displacement signal monitor signal;
When (2) monitoring, the photosensitive displacement signal monitor in order to receive laser signal of laser instrument in the tunnel sends real-time laser signal, and photosensitive displacement signal monitor sends the Monitoring Data of unstable surrouding rock deformation displacement in real time in the observation process to the signal Processing terminal;
(3) the signal Processing terminal is according to the data analysis of collecting, and when the surrouding rock deformation shift value met or exceeded the dangerous deformations value, the signal Processing terminal was promptly sent alerting signal through warning system;
Near arch springing horizontal convergence speed is less than 0.2mm/d, and the arch rate of sinking is less than 0.15mm/d, and it is stable that country rock reaches substantially, and system does not report to the police, and signal lamp does not work; Near arch springing horizontal convergence speed is greater than 0.2mm/d, and the arch rate of sinking is greater than 0.15mm/d, and the headroom pace of change is during less than 5.0mm/d, and country rock is in safe deformation stage, and system does not report to the police, but signal lamp lights green light; When the headroom pace of change continued greater than 5.0mm/d, country rock was in rapid deformation state, should strengthen the preliminary bracing system, and system sends alerting signal, the bright orange lamp of signal lamp; When the headroom pace of change continued greater than 10.0mm/d, accident was big, was the omen of landslide, and system sends rapid alerting signal, and signal lamp flashes the redlight, and the prompting site operation personnel withdraws the tunnel at once.
2. tunnel wall rock deformation monitoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: when the surrouding rock deformation shift value surpasses safe deformation values but when reinforcing safe deformation values, the signal Processing terminal is sent and reinforced the country rock instruction.
3. tunnel wall rock deformation monitoring method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the preliminary bracing of described unstable country rock inwall is provided with hold-down support, described hold-down support is connected with in order to monitor the photosensitive displacement signal monitor of unstable surrouding rock deformation, and described each photosensitive displacement signal monitor is connected with the signal Processing terminal through signal wire respectively; Also be provided with hold-down support on the described stable tunnel surrounding inwall, this hold-down support is connected with laser instrument, in order to emission of lasering beam.
4. tunnel wall rock deformation monitoring method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described photosensitive displacement signal monitor is PSD, CCD or fibre faceplate.
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