CN104949629A - Laser ranging-based dangerous-rock deformation multipoint information extraction and warning system - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明是一种基于激光测距的危岩变形多点信息提取及报警系统,包括设备主体、定点支撑装置、控制点反射装置和客户端服务器,设备主体包括激光测距传感器、折射透镜、数据采集仪、数据记录仪、GPRS信号发射器、天线、锂电池和频率调节器。通过频率调节器控制激光发射频率,测距传感器发射的激光通过折射透镜改变发射角度,激光射在危岩体上控制点反射装置后反射回测距传感器,测量信号通过数据采集仪读取并由数据记录仪记录,通过GPRS信号发射器发射到客户端服务器。本发明能够实现危岩多点变形特征的实时监测和报警,弥补已有方法成本高不能实时监测或监测点代表性不强的不足,能够为工程地质、矿山工程等相关领域提供危岩变形监测数据与报警。
The present invention is a multi-point information extraction and alarm system for dangerous rock deformation based on laser ranging, which includes a device body, a fixed-point support device, a control point reflection device and a client server. The device body includes a laser range sensor, a refraction lens, a data Acquisition instrument, data recorder, GPRS signal transmitter, antenna, lithium battery and frequency regulator. The frequency of laser emission is controlled by the frequency regulator. The laser emitted by the ranging sensor changes the emission angle through the refraction lens. The laser is shot at the control point reflection device on the dangerous rock mass and then reflected back to the ranging sensor. The measurement signal is read by the data acquisition instrument and sent by The data logger records and transmits to the client server through the GPRS signal transmitter. The present invention can realize real-time monitoring and alarming of multi-point deformation characteristics of dangerous rocks, make up for the shortcomings of the existing methods that the cost is high and cannot monitor in real time or the representativeness of monitoring points is not strong, and can provide dangerous rock deformation monitoring for related fields such as engineering geology and mine engineering data and alarms.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明属于地质工程、矿山工程技术领域,尤其是涉及一种基于激光测距系统的危岩变形多点信息提取及报警装置。 The invention belongs to the technical fields of geological engineering and mine engineering, and in particular relates to a multi-point information extraction and alarm device for dangerous rock deformation based on a laser ranging system.
背景技术 Background technique
危岩体变形监测工作贯穿防治工程实施前、中、后各阶段,通过严密监测危岩体变形动态,可以预测危岩体的稳定性与变形发展趋势、反馈防治施工设计、指导施工并检验防治效果起了重要的作用。目前,常采用的变形监测手段包括三维激光扫描监测、全站仪定点变形监测、局部裂缝变形监测。三维激光扫描监测精度高,能够准确并详细了解整个危岩各点变形发展趋势,但由于激光扫描仪成本较高,不能够用于实时监测;全站仪能够准确的了解特定控制点的变形发展趋势,但同样由于成本较高,不能够用于实时监测;局部裂缝变形监测能够实时监测特定裂缝的变形发展趋势并预警,但其代表性较差,不能够反应整个危岩体的变形发展趋势。综上所述,目前尚无一款能够实时监测多点变形和预警的危岩变形监测装置。 The monitoring of the deformation of the dangerous rock mass runs through the stages before, during and after the implementation of the prevention and control project. By closely monitoring the deformation dynamics of the dangerous rock mass, it is possible to predict the stability and deformation development trend of the dangerous rock mass, feedback the prevention and control construction design, guide the construction and inspect the prevention and control Effects play an important role. At present, the commonly used deformation monitoring methods include three-dimensional laser scanning monitoring, total station fixed-point deformation monitoring, and local crack deformation monitoring. The three-dimensional laser scanning monitoring has high precision, and can accurately and detailedly understand the deformation development trend of each point of the entire dangerous rock. However, due to the high cost of the laser scanner, it cannot be used for real-time monitoring; the total station can accurately understand the deformation development of specific control points However, due to the high cost, it cannot be used for real-time monitoring; local fracture deformation monitoring can monitor the deformation development trend of specific cracks in real time and provide early warning, but its representativeness is poor, and it cannot reflect the deformation development trend of the entire dangerous rock mass. . In summary, there is currently no dangerous rock deformation monitoring device capable of real-time monitoring of multi-point deformation and early warning.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是为了克服上述技术缺陷而提供的一种基于激光测距系统的危岩变形多点信息提取及报警装置。 The object of the present invention is to provide a multi-point information extraction and alarm device for dangerous rock deformation based on a laser ranging system in order to overcome the above-mentioned technical defects.
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现: The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
一种基于激光测距系统的危岩变形多点信息提取及报警装置,其特征在于,该装置包括设备主体、定点支撑装置、控制点反射装置和客户端服务器。 A multi-point information extraction and alarm device for dangerous rock deformation based on a laser ranging system, characterized in that the device includes a device main body, a fixed-point support device, a control point reflection device and a client server.
所述的设备主体包括激光测距传感器、折射透镜、数据采集仪、数据记录仪、GPRS信号发射器、天线、锂电池和频率调节器。所述的激光测距传感器共有25个,按照5×5方式排列在设备主体前部;所述的折射透镜共有25个并分别位于对应激光测距传感器前,主要用于改变激光发射 角度,可根据实际需要进行角度调节;所述的数据采集仪用于读取传感器测量数据,其输入端与激光测距传感器输出端连接;所述的数据记录仪用于实时记录数据采集仪所获取的测量数据,其输入端与数据采集仪输出端连接;所述的GPRS信号发射器用于定时向客户端发射数据记录仪存储数据,其输入端与数据记录仪输出端连接,当危岩体累计变形量超过预设值时,数据记录仪将向GPRS信号传感器发出指令,自动向客户端发出报警;所述的锂电池用于整个设备主体供电;所述的频率调节器用于控制激光测距传感器测量频率。 The main body of the device includes a laser ranging sensor, a refracting lens, a data acquisition instrument, a data recorder, a GPRS signal transmitter, an antenna, a lithium battery and a frequency regulator. There are 25 laser ranging sensors arranged in the front of the device body in a 5×5 manner; there are 25 refracting lenses respectively located in front of the corresponding laser ranging sensors, which are mainly used to change the laser emission angle. Adjust the angle according to actual needs; the data acquisition instrument is used to read sensor measurement data, and its input end is connected with the output end of the laser rangefinder sensor; the data recorder is used to record the measurement obtained by the data acquisition instrument in real time data, its input end is connected with the output end of the data acquisition instrument; the described GPRS signal transmitter is used to regularly transmit the data recorder storage data to the client, and its input end is connected with the output end of the data recorder, when the cumulative deformation of the dangerous rock mass When the preset value is exceeded, the data recorder will send instructions to the GPRS signal sensor and automatically send an alarm to the client; the lithium battery is used to supply power to the entire device body; the frequency regulator is used to control the measurement frequency of the laser ranging sensor .
所述的定点支撑装置为三脚架,可用于设备主体的定位于支撑。 The fixed-point supporting device is a tripod, which can be used for positioning and supporting the main body of the equipment.
所述的控制点反射装置包括反射平面和固定支架,通过固定支架固定在危岩体上,其反射平面方向可以根据实际需要进行调节,用于向激光测距传感器反射激光,反射装置要求反射平面与入射激光垂直。 The control point reflecting device includes a reflecting plane and a fixed bracket, which is fixed on the dangerous rock mass through the fixing bracket, and the direction of the reflecting plane can be adjusted according to actual needs, and is used to reflect laser light to the laser ranging sensor. The reflecting device requires a reflecting plane perpendicular to the incident laser light.
所述的客户端服务器用于接收设备主体中GPRS信号发射器所发射的数据信号。激光测距传感器获得各组测量参数表征出对应被测量控制点的变形程度和变形运动方向。 The client server is used for receiving the data signal transmitted by the GPRS signal transmitter in the main body of the device. The laser ranging sensor obtains each set of measurement parameters to characterize the degree of deformation and the direction of deformation movement of the corresponding measured control point.
本发明的使用:选择测量点将定点支撑装置固定在测量点处,将设备主体架设在定点支撑装置上,要求设备主体带折射透镜一面朝向被测危岩体。在危岩体上布设变形控制点并安装反射装置,调节折射透镜保证激光折射到预设的反射装置上,调节反射装置,使反射平面与入射激光垂直。 Use of the present invention: select the measuring point, fix the fixed-point supporting device at the measuring point, erect the equipment main body on the fixed-point supporting device, and require the side of the equipment main body with a refracting lens to face the dangerous rock mass to be measured. Arrange deformation control points on the dangerous rock mass and install reflection devices, adjust the refraction lens to ensure that the laser is refracted to the preset reflection device, and adjust the reflection device so that the reflection plane is perpendicular to the incident laser.
保持锂电池电力充沛,将频率调节器设定为所需的测量频率,激光测距传感器发射激光,通过折射透镜折射到危岩体上反射装置,通过反射装置的反射平面反射到折射透镜并最终折射回激光测距传感器,激光测距传感器将测量信号传输到数据采集仪,数据采集仪将测量信号转化为测量数据并存储在数据记录仪上,GPRS信号传感器将数据记录仪上的数据定期发射到客户端服务器,最终测量人员和工程人员可以在客户端服务器上实时获得危岩体变形监测数据。当危岩体累计变形量超过预设值时,数据记录仪将向GPRS信号传感器发出指令,自动向客户端发出报警。 Keep the lithium battery full of power, set the frequency regulator to the required measurement frequency, the laser ranging sensor emits laser light, refracts the laser to the dangerous rock body through the refraction lens, and reflects it to the refraction lens through the reflection plane of the reflection device and finally Refracted back to the laser ranging sensor, the laser ranging sensor transmits the measurement signal to the data acquisition instrument, the data acquisition instrument converts the measurement signal into measurement data and stores it on the data recorder, and the GPRS signal sensor transmits the data on the data recorder periodically To the client server, the final surveyors and engineering personnel can obtain the monitoring data of dangerous rock mass deformation in real time on the client server. When the cumulative deformation of dangerous rock mass exceeds the preset value, the data recorder will send an instruction to the GPRS signal sensor and automatically send an alarm to the client.
本发明技术方案的有益效果: The beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention:
本发明能够实现危岩多点变形特征的实时监测和报警,弥补已有方法 成本高不能实时监测或监测点代表性不强的不足,能够为工程地质、矿山工程等相关领域提供危岩变形监测数据与报警。 The present invention can realize real-time monitoring and alarming of multi-point deformation characteristics of dangerous rocks, makes up for the shortcomings of existing methods that the cost is high, cannot monitor in real time or the representativeness of monitoring points is not strong, and can provide dangerous rock deformation monitoring for engineering geology, mining engineering and other related fields data and alarms.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本发明的装置使用方法示意图; Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the device using method of the present invention;
图2为本发明的设备主体结构示意图; Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the device of the present invention;
图3为本发明的设备主体前视图; Fig. 3 is the front view of the device main body of the present invention;
图4为本发明的控制点反射装置结构示意图; Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the control point reflection device of the present invention;
图1中,1为设备主体,2为定点支撑装置,3为激光,4为控制点反射装置,5为被测危岩体,6为客户端服务器; In Figure 1, 1 is the main body of the equipment, 2 is the fixed-point support device, 3 is the laser, 4 is the control point reflection device, 5 is the measured dangerous rock mass, and 6 is the client server;
图2中,11为激光测距传感器,12为折射透镜,13为数据采集仪,14为数据记录仪,15为GPRS信号发射器,16为天线,17为锂电池,18为频率调节器; In Fig. 2, 11 is a laser ranging sensor, 12 is a refracting lens, 13 is a data acquisition instrument, 14 is a data logger, 15 is a GPRS signal transmitter, 16 is an antenna, 17 is a lithium battery, and 18 is a frequency regulator;
图3中,12为折射透镜; Among Fig. 3, 12 is refracting lens;
图4中,3为激光,41为反射平面,42为固定支架,5为被测危岩体。 In Fig. 4, 3 is a laser, 41 is a reflection plane, 42 is a fixed bracket, and 5 is a dangerous rock mass to be measured.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。 The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
实施例 Example
具体实施例中,如图1所示,该设备包括设备主体1、定点支撑装置2、控制点反射装置4和客户端服务器6。 In a specific embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 , the device includes a device main body 1 , a fixed point support device 2 , a control point reflection device 4 and a client server 6 .
如图2所示所述的设备主体,包括激光测距传感器11、折射透镜12、数据采集仪13、数据记录仪14、GPRS信号发射器15、天线16、锂电池17和频率调节器18。 The main body of the device as shown in FIG. 2 includes a laser ranging sensor 11, a refracting lens 12, a data acquisition instrument 13, a data recorder 14, a GPRS signal transmitter 15, an antenna 16, a lithium battery 17 and a frequency regulator 18.
如图3所示,所述的激光测距传感器11和折射透镜12共25组,按照5×5方式排列。 As shown in FIG. 3 , there are 25 groups of laser ranging sensors 11 and refracting lenses 12 arranged in a 5×5 manner.
如图4所示,所述的控制点反射装置4包括反射平面41和固定支架42,通过固定支架42固定在危岩体上,其反射平面41方向可以根据实际需要进行调节,用于向激光测距传感器11反射激光3,反射装置4要求反 射平面41与入射激光3垂直。 As shown in Figure 4, the control point reflection device 4 includes a reflection plane 41 and a fixed bracket 42, which is fixed on the dangerous rock body through the fixed bracket 42, and the direction of the reflection plane 41 can be adjusted according to actual needs, for The distance measuring sensor 11 reflects the laser light 3, and the reflection device 4 requires that the reflection plane 41 is perpendicular to the incident laser light 3.
装置使用时,选择测量点将定点支撑装置2固定在测量点处,将设备主体1架设在定点支撑装置2上,要求设备主体1带折射透镜12一面(如图3)朝向被测危岩体5。在危岩体5上布设变形控制点并安装控制点反射装置4,调节折射透镜12保证激光3折射到预设的控制点反射装置4上,调节控制点反射装置4,使反射平面与入射激光3垂直。 When the device is in use, select the measurement point and fix the fixed-point support device 2 at the measurement point, erect the equipment main body 1 on the fixed-point support device 2, and require the equipment main body 1 to have a refracting lens 12 on one side (as shown in Figure 3) facing the dangerous rock mass to be measured 5. Deformation control points are arranged on the dangerous rock mass 5 and the control point reflection device 4 is installed, the refracting lens 12 is adjusted to ensure that the laser light 3 is refracted to the preset control point reflection device 4, and the control point reflection device 4 is adjusted so that the reflection plane is consistent with the incident laser light. 3 vertical.
如图2所示,保持锂电池17电力充沛,将频率调节器18设定为所需的测量频率,激光测距传感器11发射激光3,通过折射透镜折射12到危岩体5上控制点反射装置4,通过控制点反射装置4的反射平面反射到折射透镜12并最终折射回激光测距传感器11,激光测距传感器11将测量信号传输到数据采集仪13,数据采集仪13将测量信号转化为测量数据并存储在数据记录仪14上,GPRS信号传感器15通过天线16将数据记录仪上的数据定期发射到客户端服务器6,最终测量人员和工程人员可以在客户端服务器6上实时获得危岩体变形监测数据。当危岩体累计变形量超过预设值时,数据记录仪14将向GPRS信号传感器15发出指令,自动向客户端发出报警。 As shown in Figure 2, keep the lithium battery 17 fully charged, set the frequency regulator 18 to the required measurement frequency, and the laser ranging sensor 11 emits the laser light 3, which is reflected by the refraction lens 12 to the control point on the dangerous rock mass 5 The device 4 is reflected to the refracting lens 12 by the reflection plane of the control point reflection device 4 and finally refracted back to the laser distance measuring sensor 11. The laser distance measuring sensor 11 transmits the measurement signal to the data acquisition instrument 13, and the data acquisition instrument 13 converts the measurement signal to For measuring data and storing on the data logger 14, the GPRS signal sensor 15 transmits the data on the data logger to the client server 6 regularly through the antenna 16, and finally surveyors and engineering personnel can obtain the critical information in real time on the client server 6. Rock mass deformation monitoring data. When the cumulative deformation of dangerous rock mass exceeds the preset value, the data recorder 14 will send instructions to the GPRS signal sensor 15, and automatically send an alarm to the client.
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