CN101437396A - 防治植物病原性真菌的方法 - Google Patents
防治植物病原性真菌的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101437396A CN101437396A CNA2007800102817A CN200780010281A CN101437396A CN 101437396 A CN101437396 A CN 101437396A CN A2007800102817 A CNA2007800102817 A CN A2007800102817A CN 200780010281 A CN200780010281 A CN 200780010281A CN 101437396 A CN101437396 A CN 101437396A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- alkyl
- group
- phenyl
- compound
- carbonyl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 230000003032 phytopathogenic effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 229930182692 Strobilurin Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- -1 nitro, amino, amino carbonyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 60
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000005869 Pyraclostrobin Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- HZRSNVGNWUDEFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyraclostrobin Chemical compound COC(=O)N(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1COC1=NN(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)C=C1 HZRSNVGNWUDEFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000008811 mitochondrial respiratory chain Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000005913 (C3-C6) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004890 (C1-C6) alkylamino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
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- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical group O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
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- AMHNZOICSMBGDH-UHFFFAOYSA-L zineb Chemical group [Zn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S AMHNZOICSMBGDH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
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- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004765 (C1-C4) haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006374 C2-C10 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003601 C2-C6 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000003170 phenylsulfonyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)S(=O)(=O)* 0.000 claims description 2
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- CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetralin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCCCC2=C1 CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004867 thiadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiram Chemical compound CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002447 thiram Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- FFSJPOPLSWBGQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N triazol-4-one Chemical compound O=C1C=NN=N1 FFSJPOPLSWBGQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ONCZDRURRATYFI-TVJDWZFNSA-N trifloxystrobin Chemical compound CO\N=C(\C(=O)OC)C1=CC=CC=C1CO\N=C(/C)C1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 ONCZDRURRATYFI-TVJDWZFNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HSMVPDGQOIQYSR-KGENOOAVSA-N triflumizole Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(/COCCC)=N/C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1C(F)(F)F HSMVPDGQOIQYSR-KGENOOAVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YNWVFADWVLCOPU-MAUPQMMJSA-N uniconazole P Chemical compound C1=NC=NN1/C([C@@H](O)C(C)(C)C)=C/C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 YNWVFADWVLCOPU-MAUPQMMJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004562 water dispersible granule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004552 water soluble powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003021 water soluble solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004563 wettable powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- FJBGIXKIXPUXBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N {2-[3-(4-chlorophenyl)propyl]-2,4,4-trimethyl-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl}(imidazol-1-yl)methanone Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(=O)N1C(C)(C)COC1(C)CCCC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 FJBGIXKIXPUXBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及在b/c1复合物水平上抑制线粒体呼吸链的活性化合物,尤其是选自嗜球果伞素杀真菌剂的活性化合物在防治葡萄藤的埃斯卡病害相关的植物病原性真菌复合物中的用途。
Description
本发明涉及在b/c1复合物水平上抑制线粒体呼吸链的活性化合物在防治埃斯卡(Esca)中的用途。
数年以来,葡萄种植业遇到了埃斯卡病害导致葡萄藤严重损害并导致显著的收获和产量损失的严重事件。
埃斯卡表示真菌病原体的复合物。根据文献可与埃斯卡症状相关的病原体为斑点嗜兰孢孔菌(Fomitiporia punctata)(同义词斑孔木层孔菌(Phellinus punctatus))、地中海嗜兰孢孔菌(Fomitiporia mediterrana)、Phaeroacremonium属:Phaeroacremonium aleophilum和Phaemoniellachlamydosporum。从埃斯卡侵袭的葡萄藤木中分离的一种特定真菌为Phaemoniella chlamydosporum(白腐真菌)。
已知存在急性形式和慢性形式的埃斯卡病害且埃斯卡可导致不同症状。慢性形式埃斯卡病害的症状例如为叶子上的浅绿斑点和浆果上的暗斑。此外,葡萄藤内的木质部分常转变为柔软和海绵状材料,这主要在较老的葡萄藤中观察到。遭受急性形式埃斯卡的葡萄藤突然开始肿胀且最终枯萎并死亡。
迄今为止还不存在对抗埃斯卡的任何有效处理。尽管砷酸钠已经证明对埃斯卡有效,但砷酸钠具有环境和毒性问题并因此在许多国家是禁止的。因此,目前消除污染葡萄藤中的埃斯卡并防止病害传播的仅有的方法是除去并烧掉污染的葡萄藤,回切葡萄藤以获得新的葡萄藤等。此外建议葡萄种植人员进行后期葡萄藤修剪以保持埃斯卡病原体的潜在侵染时间尽可能短。但并不存在防治或对抗埃斯卡的任何直接措施。
因此,存在对防治埃斯卡病害的有效措施的强烈需求。
令人惊讶地发现在b/c1复合物水平上抑制线粒体呼吸链的活性化合物可有效用于防治埃斯卡,特别是在葡萄藤中的埃斯卡。因此,本发明涉及在b/c1复合物水平上抑制线粒体呼吸链的活性化合物在防治埃斯卡中的用途。此外本发明涉及在b/c1复合物水平上抑制线粒体呼吸链的活性化合物与至少一种其它活性化合物一起在防治埃斯卡中的用途,特别是包含至少一种在b/c1复合物水平上抑制线粒体呼吸链的活性化合物和一种或多种其它杀真菌化合物的组合物的用途。本发明还提供了一种防治埃斯卡的方法,其包括用有效量的在b/c1复合物水平上抑制线粒体呼吸链的活性化合物处理真菌、其栖息地,或需防止真菌的植物,土壤和/或材料,其中所述活性化合物也可与至少一种其它活性成分一起使用。
在b/c1复合物水平上抑制线粒体呼吸链的活性化合物作为杀真菌剂由文献已知[例如参见Dechema-Monographien Bd.129,27-38,VCHVerlagsgemeinschaft Weinheim 1993;Natural Product Reports 1993,565-574;Biochem.Soc.Trans.22,63S(1993)]。然而,迄今为止还未表明这些活性化合物可有效地用于防治埃斯卡,这仅在本发明的架构中发现。
可根据本发明使用的在b/c1复合物水平上抑制线粒体呼吸链的特别重要的活性化合物类型为嗜球果伞素(strobilurin)。长时间以来嗜球果伞素通常已知为杀真菌剂且在某些情况下描述为杀虫剂(EP-A178826;EP-A253 213;WO 93/15046;WO 95/18789;WO 95/21153;WO 95/21154;WO 95/24396;WO 96/01256;WO 97/15552;WO 97/27189)。在b/c1复合物水平上抑制线粒体呼吸链的活性化合物的另一实例为噁唑酮菌(famoxadone)(5-甲基-5-(4-苯氧基苯基)-3-(苯基氨基)-2,4-噁唑烷二酮)。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,将嗜球果伞素用于对抗埃斯卡。根据本发明,已证明特别适合防治或对抗埃斯卡的嗜球果伞素选自:
1)式I化合物
其中:
X为卤素、C1-C4烷基或三氟甲基;
m为0或1;
Q为C(=CH-CH3)-COOCH3、C(=CH-OCH3)-COOCH3、C(=N-OCH3)-CONHCH3、C(=N-OCH3)-COOCH3、N(-OCH3)-COOCH3或基团Q1:
其中#为与苯环的连接点;其中
A为-O-B、-CH2O-B、-OCH2-B、-CH2S-B、-CH=CH-B、-C≡C-B、-CH2O-N=C(R1)-B、-CH2S-N=C(R1)-B、-CH2O-N=C(R1)-CH=CH-B或-CH2O-N=C(R1)-C(R2)=N-OR3;
B为苯基、萘基、5或6员杂芳基或5或6员杂环基,其包含1、2或3个N原子和/或一个O或S原子或一个或两个O和/或S原子,其中环体系未被取代或被1、2或3个基团Ra取代:
Ra独立地为氰基、硝基、氨基、氨基羰基、氨基硫羰基、卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷基羰基、C1-C6烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷基亚磺酰基、C3-C6环烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C1-C6烷氧羰基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基氨基、二-C1-C6烷基氨基、C1-C6烷基氨基羰基、二-C1-C6烷基氨基羰基、C1-C6烷基氨基硫羰基、二-C1-C6烷基氨基硫羰基、C2-C6链烯基、C2-C6链烯氧基、苯基、苯氧基、苄基、苄氧基、5或6员杂环基、5或6员杂芳基、5或6员杂芳氧基、C(=NORa)-Rb或OC(Ra)2-C(Rb)=NORb,其中环状基团又未被取代或被1、2或3个基团Rb取代:
Rb独立地为氰基、硝基、卤素、氨基、氨基羰基、氨基硫羰基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷基亚磺酰基、C3-C6环烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基氨基、二-C1-C6烷基氨基、C1-C6烷基氨基羰基、二-C1-C6烷基氨基羰基、C1-C6烷基氨基硫羰基、二-C1-C6烷基氨基硫羰基、C2-C6链烯基、C2-C6链烯氧基、C3-C6环烷基、C3-C6环烯基、苯基、苯氧基、苯硫基、苄基、苄氧基、5或6员杂环基、5或6员杂芳基、5或6员杂芳氧基或C(=NORA)-RB;其中
RA、RB独立地为氢或C1-C6烷基;
R1为氢、氰基、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C3-C6环烷基、C1-C4烷氧基或C1-C4烷硫基;
R2为苯基、苯基羰基、苯基磺酰基、5或6员杂芳基、5或6员杂芳基羰基或5或6员杂芳基磺酰基,其中环体系未被取代或被1、2或3个基团Ra取代,C1-C10烷基、C3-C6环烷基、C2-C10链烯基、C2-C10炔基、C1-C10烷基羰基、C2-C10链烯基羰基、C3-C10炔基羰基、C1-C10烷基磺酰基或C(=NORa)-Rb,其中这些基团的烃基未被取代或被1、2或3个基团Rc取代:
Rc独立地为氰基、硝基、氨基、氨基羰基、氨基硫羰基、卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基氨基、二-C1-C6烷基氨基、C1-C6烷基氨基羰基、二-C1-C6烷基氨基羰基、C1-C6烷基氨基硫羰基、二-C1-C6烷基氨基硫羰基、C2-C6链烯基、C2-C6链烯氧基,
C3-C6环烷基、C3-C6环烷氧基、5或6员杂环基、5或6员杂环氧基、苄基、苄氧基、苯基、苯氧基、苯硫基、5或6员杂芳基、5或6员杂芳氧基和杂芳基硫基;其中环状基团又可部分或完全被卤代和/或带有1、2或3个基团Ra;和
R3为氢、C1-C6烷基、C2-C6链烯基、C2-C6炔基,这些基团的烃基未被取代或被1、2或3个基团Rc取代;和
2)嗜球果伞素:(2-氯-5-[1-(3-甲基苄氧亚氨基)乙基]苄基)氨基甲酸甲酯和(2-氯-5-[1-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基甲氧亚氨基)乙基]苄基)氨基甲酸甲酯、2-(邻-((2,5-二甲基苯基-氧基亚甲基)苯基)-3-甲氧基-丙烯酸甲基酯、2-(2-(6-(3-氯-2-甲基-苯氧基)-5-氟-嘧啶-4-基氧基)-苯基)-2-甲氧基亚氨基-N-甲基-乙酰胺和3-甲氧基-2-(2-(N-(4-甲氧基-苯基)-环丙烷亚胺酸酰基(cyclopropanecarboximidoyl硫甲基)-苯基)-丙烯酸甲基酯。
长期以来式I化合物通常已知为杀真菌剂(参见上述参考文献)。
上述出版物描述了制备用于本发明方法的嗜球果伞素的合成路线,此处引入该公开内容。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,使用式I的嗜球果伞素。
在本发明的另一实施方案中,嗜球果伞素化合物选自(2-氯-5-[1-(3-甲基-苄氧基亚氨基)-乙基]-苄基)-氨基甲酸甲基酯、(2-氯-5-[1-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基甲氧基亚氨基)-乙基]-苄基)-氨基甲酸甲基酯和2-(邻-((2,5-二甲基苯基-氧基亚甲基)苯基)-3-甲氧基-丙烯酸甲基酯。
对本发明方法而言,尤其优选取代基具有如下含义的嗜球果伞素,在每种情况下单独或组合,此处引入所引用的出版物的公开内容。
在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,其中Q为N(-OCH3)-COOCH3的式I的优选嗜球果伞素为出版物WO 93/15046和WO 96/01256中所述的化合物。
在本发明的另一优选实施方案中,其中Q为C(=CH-OCH3)-COOCH3的式I的优选嗜球果伞素为出版物EP-A 178 826和EP-A 278 595中所述的化合物。
在本发明的另一优选实施方案中,其中Q为C(=N-OCH3)-COOCH3的式I的优选嗜球果伞素为出版物EP-A 253 213和EP-A 254 426中所述的化合物。
在本发明的另一优选实施方案中,其中Q为C(=N-OCH3)-CONHCH3的式I的优选嗜球果伞素为出版物EP-A 398 692、EP-A 477 631和EP-A628 540中所述的化合物。
在本发明的另一优选实施方案中,其中Q为C(=CH-CH3)-COOCH3的式I的优选嗜球果伞素为出版物EP-A 280 185和EP-A 350 691中所述的化合物。
在本发明的另一优选实施方案中,其中Q为-CH2O-N=C(R1)-B的式I的优选嗜球果伞素为出版物EP-A 460 575和EP-A 463 488中所述的化合物。
在本发明的另一优选实施方案中,其中A为-O-B的式I的优选嗜球果伞素为出版物EP-A 382 375和EP-A 398 692中所述的化合物。
在本发明的另一优选实施方案中,其中A为-CH2O-N=C(R1)-C(R2)=N-OR3的式I的优选嗜球果伞素为出版物WO 95/18789、WO 95/21153、WO 95/21154、WO 97/05103和WO 97/06133中所述的化合物。
尤其优选如下式I的嗜球果伞素,其中
Q为N(-OCH3)-COOCH3,
A为CH2-O-,和
B为3-吡唑基或1,2,4-三唑基,其中B具有1或2个与其相连的选自如下的取代基:
·卤素、甲基和三氟甲基,和
·苯基和吡啶基,尤其是2-吡啶基,其被1-3个基团Rb取代。
这些活性成分由式II描述:
其中T为碳或氮原子,Ra’独立地选自卤素、甲基和三氟甲基,y为0、1或2,Rb如对式I所定义,x为0、1、2、3或4。更优选活性成分为式II’的那些:
其中Rb如对式I所定义。
根据本发明,嗜球果伞素尤其优选选自下表所列的化合物。
表1
序号 | T | (Ra’)y | 基团苯基-(Rb)x的位置 | (Rb)x | 参考文献 |
II-1 | N | - | 1 | 2,4-Cl2 | WO 96/01256 |
序号 | T | (Ra’)y | 基团苯基-(Rb)x的位置 | (Rb)x | 参考文献 |
II-2 | N | - | 1 | 4-Cl | WO 96/01256 |
II-3 | CH | - | 1 | 2-Cl | WO 96/01256 |
II-4 | CH | - | 1 | 3-Cl | WO 96/01256 |
II-5 | CH | - | 1 | 4-Cl | WO 96/01256 |
II-6 | CH | - | 1 | 4-CH3 | WO 96/01256 |
II-7 | CH | - | 1 | H | WO 96/01256 |
II-8 | CH | - | 1 | 3-CH3 | WO 96/01256 |
II-9 | CH | 5-CH3 | 1 | 3-CF3 | WO 96/01256 |
II-10 | CH | 1-CH3 | 5 | 3-CF3 | WO 99/33812 |
II-11 | CH | 1-CH3 | 5 | 4-Cl | WO 99/33812 |
II-12 | CH | 1-CH3 | 5 | - | WO 99/33812 |
表2
序号 | V | Y | Ra | 参考文献 |
III-1 | OCH3 | N | 2-CH3 | EP-A 253 213 |
III-2 | OCH3 | N | 2,5-(CH3)2 | EP-A 253 213 |
III-3 | NHCH3 | N | 2,5-(CH3)2 | EP-A 477 631 |
III-4 | NHCH3 | N | 2-Cl | EP-A 398 692 |
III-5 | NHCH3 | N | 2-CH3 | EP-A 398 692 |
III-6 | NHCH3 | N | 2-CH3,4-OCF3 | EP-A 628 540 |
III-7 | NHCH3 | N | 2-Cl,4-OCF3 | EP-A 628 540 |
III-8 | NHCH3 | N | 2-CH3,4-OCH(CH3)-C(CH3)=NOCH3 | EP-A11 18 609 |
III-9 | NHCH3 | N | 2-Cl,4-OCH(CH3)-C(CH3)=NOCH3 | EP-A11 18 609 |
序号 | V | Y | Ra | 参考文献 |
III-10 | NHCH3 | N | 2-CH3,4-OCH(CH3)-C(CH2CH3)=NOCH3 | EP-A 11 18 609 |
III-11 | OCH3 | CH | 2,5-(CH3)2 | EP-A 226 917 |
表3
序号 | V | Y | T | Ra | 参考文献 |
IV-1 | OCH3 | CH | N | 2-OCH3,4-CF3 | WO 96/16047 |
IV-2 | OCH3 | CH | N | 2-OCH(CH3)2,4-CF3 | WO 96/16047 |
IV-3 | OCH3 | CH | CH | 2-CF3 | EP-A 278 595 |
IV-4 | OCH3 | CH | CH | 4-CF3 | EP-A 278 595 |
IV-5 | NHCH3 | N | CH | 2-Cl | EP-A 398 692 |
IV-6 | NHCH3 | N | CH | 2-CF3 | EP-A 398 692 |
IV-7 | NHCH3 | N | CH | 2-CF3,4-Cl | EP-A 398 692 |
IV-8 | NHCH3 | N | CH | 2-Cl,4-CF3 | EP-A 398 692 |
表4
序号 | V | Y | R1 | B | 参考文献 |
V-1 | OCH3 | CH | CH3 | (3-CF3)C6H4 | EP-A 370 629 |
V-2 | OCH3 | CH | CH3 | (3,5-Cl2)C6H3 | EP-A 370 629 |
序号 | V | Y | R1 | B | 参考文献 |
V-3 | NHCH3 | N | CH3 | (3-CF3)C6H4 | WO 92/13830 |
V-4 | NHCH3 | N | CH3 | (3-OCF3)C6H4 | WO 92/13830 |
V-5 | OCH3 | N | CH3 | (3-OCF3)C6H4 | EP-A 460 575 |
V-6 | OCH3 | N | CH3 | (3-CF3)C6H4 | EP-A 460 575 |
V-7 | OCH3 | N | CH3 | (3,4-Cl2)C6H3 | EP-A 460 575 |
V-8 | OCH3 | N | CH3 | (3,5-Cl2)C6H3 | EP-A 463 488 |
V-9 | OCH3 | CH | CH3 | CH=CH-(4-Cl)C6H4 | EP-A 936 213 |
表5
序号 | V | R1 | R2 | R3 | 参考文献 |
VI-1 | OCH3 | CH3 | CH3 | CH3 | WO 95/18789 |
VI-2 | OCH3 | CH3 | CH(CH3)2 | CH3 | WO 95/18789 |
VI-3 | OCH3 | CH3 | CH2CH3 | CH3 | WO 95/18789 |
VI-4 | NHCH3 | CH3 | CH3 | CH3 | WO 95/18789 |
VI-5 | NHCH3 | CH3 | 4-F-C6H4 | CH3 | WO 95/18789 |
VI-6 | NHCH3 | CH3 | 4-Cl-C6H4 | CH3 | WO 95/18789 |
VI-7 | NHCH3 | CH3 | 2,4-C6H3 | CH3 | WO 95/18789 |
VI-8 | NHCH3 | Cl | 4-F-C6H4 | CH3 | WO 98/38857 |
VI-9 | NHCH3 | Cl | 4-Cl-C6H4 | CH2CH3 | WO 98/38857 |
VI-10 | NHCH3 | CH3 | CH2C(=CH2)CH3 | CH3 | WO 97/05103 |
VI-11 | NHCH3 | CH3 | CH=C(CH3)2 | CH3 | WO 97/05103 |
VI-12 | NHCH3 | CH3 | CH=C(CH3)2 | CH2CH3 | WO 97/05103 |
VI-13 | NHCH3 | CH3 | CH=C(CH3)CH2CH3 | CH3 | WO 97/05103 |
序号 | V | R1 | R2 | R3 | 参考文献 |
VI-14 | NHCH3 | CH3 | O-CH(CH3)2 | CH3 | WO 97/06133 |
VI-15 | NHCH3 | CH3 | O-CH2CH(CH3)2 | CH3 | WO 97/06133 |
VI-16 | NHCH3 | CH3 | C(CH3)=NOCH3 | CH3 | WO 97/15552 |
表6
序号 | V | Y | Ra | 参考文献 |
VII-1 | NHCH3 | N | H | EP-A 398 692 |
VII-2 | NHCH3 | N | 3-CH3 | EP-A 398 692 |
VII-3 | NHCH3 | N | 2-NO2 | EP-A 398 692 |
VII-4 | NHCH3 | N | 4-NO2 | EP-A 398 692 |
VII-5 | NHCH3 | N | 4-Cl | EP-A 398 692 |
VII-6 | NHCH3 | N | 4-Br | EP-A 398 692 |
表7
序号 | Q | Ra | 参考文献 |
VIII-1 | C(=CH-OCH3)COOCH3 | 5-O-(2-CN-C6H4) | EP-A 382 375 |
VIII-2 | C(=CH-OCH3)COOCH3 | 5-O-(2-Cl-C6H4) | EP-A 382 375 |
VIII-3 | C(=CH-OCH3)COOCH3 | 5-O-(2-CH3-C6H4) | EP-A 382 375 |
VIII-4 | C(=N-OCH3)CONHCH3 | 5-O-(2-Cl-C6H4) | GB-A 2253624 |
尤其优选嗜球果伞素:化合物II-5(唑菌胺酯(pyraclostrobin))、III-1(亚胺菌(kresoxim-methyl))、III-3(醚菌胺(dimoxystrobin))、III-11(ZJ 0712)、IV-3(啶氧菌酯(picoxystrobin))、V-6(肟菌酯(trifloxystrobin))、V-9(烯肟菌酯(enestroburin))、VI-16(肟醚菌胺(orysastrobin))、VII-1(叉氨苯酰胺(metominostrobin))、VIII-1(腈嘧菌酯(azoxystrobin))和VIII-11(氟嘧菌酯(fluoxastrobin))。特别优选唑菌胺酯(化合物II-5)、亚胺菌(化合物III-1)或腈嘧菌酯(化合物VIII-1),尤其是唑菌胺酯。
根据本发明,为防治埃斯卡,上述化合物,特别是嗜球果伞素和优选的嗜球果伞素也可与其它活性成分如除草剂、害虫防治剂(如杀虫剂和杀螨剂)、生长调节剂、杀真菌剂和肥料一起使用。当将根据本发明使用的化合物,特别是上述嗜球果伞素或包含它们的组合物与一种或多种这类其它活性成分,尤其是杀真菌剂混合时,在许多情况下获得了拓宽的杀真菌谱和/或可避免病原体形成抗药性。在许多情况下,获得了协同增效效果。
因此,在另一方面,本发明提供了至少一种在b/c1复合物水平上抑制线粒体呼吸链的化合物,特别是如上所定义的嗜球果伞素与至少一种其它活性成分,特别是杀真菌剂一起在防治埃斯卡中的用途。本发明尤其提供了包含至少一种在b/c1复合物水平上抑制线粒体呼吸链的化合物,特别是如上所定义的嗜球果伞素,任选至少一种其它活性成分,特别是杀真菌剂和至少一种固体或液体载体的组合物在防治埃斯卡中的用途。
优选至少一种其它活性成分选自羧酰胺、唑类、含氮杂环化合物、氨基甲酸盐类、二硫代氨基甲酸盐类和选自下列的其它杀真菌剂:多果定(dodine)、双胍辛醋酸盐(iminoctadine)、双胍盐(guazatine)、春雷素(kasugamycin)、多氧霉素(polyoxine)、链霉素(streptomycin)、井冈霉素(validamycin A)、三苯基锡盐、稻瘟灵(isoprothiolane)、二噻农(dithianon)、克瘟散(edifenphos)、藻菌磷(fosetyl)、乙膦铝(fosetyl-aluminum)、异稻瘟净(iprobenfos)、定菌磷(pyrazophos)、甲基立枯磷(tolclofos-methyl)、磷酸及其盐、甲基托布津(thiophanate methyl)、百菌清(chlorothalonil)、抑菌灵(dichlofluanid)、对甲抑菌灵(tolylfluanid)、磺菌胺(flusulfamide)、四氯苯酞(phthalide)、六氯苯(hexachlorobenzene)、戊菌隆(pencycuron)、五氯硝基苯(quintozene)、乐杀螨(binapacryl)、敌螨普(dinocap)、敌螨通(dinobuton)、波尔多液(Bordeaux混合物)、醋酸铜、氢氧化铜、王铜、碱式硫酸铜、硫、螺噁茂胺(spiroxamine)、环氟菌胺(cyflufenamid)、清菌脲(cymoxanile)和苯菌酮(metrafenone)。
更优选所述至少一种其它活性成分选自下列杀真菌剂:
羧酰胺类
-羧酰苯胺类:苯霜灵(benalaxyl)、苯霜灵(benalaxyl-M)、麦锈灵(benodanil)、bixafen、啶酰菌胺(boscalid)、萎锈灵(carboxin)、丙氧灭绣胺(mepronil)、呋菌胺(fenfuram)、环酰菌胺(fenhexamid)、氟酰胺(flutolanil)、呋吡唑灵(furametpyr)、甲霜灵(metalaxyl)、甲呋酰胺(ofurace)、噁霜灵(oxadixyl)、氧化萎锈灵(oxycarboxin)、吡噻菌胺(penthiopyrad)、溴氟唑菌(thifluzamide)、噻酰菌胺(tiadinil)、2-氨基-4-甲基-噻唑-5-甲酰苯胺、2-氯-N-(1,1,3-三甲基-茚满-4-基)-烟酰胺、4-二氟甲基-2-甲基-噻唑-5-甲酸-(4’-溴-联苯-2-基)-酰胺、4-二氟甲基-2-甲基-噻唑-5-甲酸-(4’-三氟甲基-联苯-2-基)-酰胺、4-二氟甲基-2-甲基-噻唑-5-甲酸-(4’-氯-3’-氟-联苯-2-基)-酰胺、3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-吡唑-4-甲酸-(3’,4’-二氯-4-氟-联苯-2-基)-酰胺、N-(3′,4′-二氯-5-氟-联苯-2-基)-3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(2-(1,3-二甲基-丁基)-苯基)-1,3,3-三甲基-5-氟-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(4′-氯-3′,5-二氟-联苯-2-基)-3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(4′-氯-3′,5-二氟-联苯-2-基)-3-三氟甲基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(3′,4′-二氯-5-氟-联苯-2-基)-3-三氟甲基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(3′,5-二氟-4′-甲基-联苯-2-基)-3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(3′,5-二氟-4′-甲基-联苯-2-基)-3-三氟甲基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(2-二环丙基-2-基-苯基)-3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(顺-2-二环丙基-2-基-苯基)-3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(反-2-二环丙基-2-基-苯基)-3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、3,4-二氯-异噻唑-5-甲酸-(2-氰基-苯基)-酰胺;
-羧酸吗啉化物:烯酰吗啉(dimethomorph)、氟吗啉(flumorph);
-苯甲酰胺类:氟联苯菌(flumetover)、fluopicolide(氟吡菌胺(picobenzamid))、苯酰菌胺(zoxamide)、N-(3-乙基-3,5-5三甲基-环己基)-3-甲酰基氨基-2-羟基-苯甲酰胺;
-其他羧酰胺:氯环丙酰胺(carpropamid)、双氯氰菌胺(diclocymet)、双炔酰菌胺(mandipropamid)、土霉素(oxytetracyclin)、硅噻菌胺(silthiofam)、N-(6-甲氧基-吡啶-3-基)环丙烷甲酰胺、N-(2-(4-[3-(4-氯苯基)丙-2-炔氧基]-3-甲氧基苯基)乙基)-2-甲烷磺酰基氨基-3-甲基丁酰胺、N-(2-(4-[3-(4-氯苯基)丙-2-炔氧基]-3-甲氧基苯基)乙基)-2-乙烷磺酰基氨基-3-甲基丁酰胺;
唑类
-三唑类:戊环菌(azaconazole)、双苯三唑醇(bitertanol)、糠菌唑(bromuconazole)、环唑醇(cyproconazole)、噁醚唑(difenoconazole)、烯唑醇(diniconazole)、烯唑醇(diniconazole-M)、烯菌灵(enilconazole)、氧唑菌(epoxiconazole)、腈苯唑(fenbuconazole)、氟硅唑(flusilazole)、喹唑菌酮(fluquinconazole)、粉唑醇(flutriafol)、己唑醇(hexaconazole)、酰胺唑(imibenconazole)、环戊唑醇(ipconazole)、环戊唑菌(metconazole)、腈菌唑(myclobutanil)、oxpoconazole、paclobutrazol(多效唑)、戊菌唑(penconazole)、丙环唑(propiconazole)、丙硫菌唑(prothioconazole)、硅氟唑(simeconazole)、戊唑醇(tebuconazole)、氟醚唑(tetraconazole)、唑菌醇(triadimenol)、三唑酮(triadimefon)、戊叉唑菌(triticonazole)、烯效唑(uniconazole)、1-(4-氯-苯基)-2-([1,2,4]三唑-1-基)-环庚醇;
-咪唑类:氰霜唑(cyazofamid)、烯菌灵(imazalil)、烯菌灵(imazalil-sulphate)、稻瘟酯(pefurazoate)、丙氯灵(prochloraz)、氟菌唑(triflumizole);
-苯并咪唑类:苯菌灵(benomyl)、多菌灵(carbendazim)、麦穗宁(fuberidazole)、涕必灵(thiabendazole);
-其他:噻唑菌胺(ethaboxam)、氯唑灵(etridiazole)、土菌消(hymexazole);含氮杂环化合物
-吡啶类:氟啶胺(fluazinam)、啶斑肟(pyrifenox)、3-[5-(4-氯苯基)-2,3-二甲基异噁唑烷-3-基]吡啶、2,3,5,6-四氯-4-甲烷磺酰基吡啶,3,4,5-三氯吡啶-2,6-甲腈、N-(1-(5-溴-3-氯-吡啶-2-基)-乙基)-2,4-二氯-烟酰胺、N-((5-溴-3-氯-吡啶-2-基)-甲基)-2,4-二氯-烟酰胺;
-嘧啶类:磺嘧菌灵(bupirimate)、环丙嘧啶(cyprodinil)、氟嘧菌胺(diflumetorim)、嘧菌腙(ferimzone)、异嘧菌醇(fenarimol)、嘧菌胺(mepanipyrim)、氟嘧菌胺(diflumetorim)、氟苯嘧啶醇(nuarimol)、二甲嘧菌胺(pyrimethanil);
-哌嗪类:嗪氨灵(triforine);
-吡咯类:氟噁菌(fludioxonil)、拌种咯(fenpiclonil);
-吗啉类:4-十二烷基-2,6-二甲基吗啉(aldimorph)、吗菌灵(dodemorph)、吗菌灵(dodemorph-acetate)、丁苯吗啉(fenpropimorph)、克啉菌(tridemorph);
-二羧酰亚胺类:氟菌安(fluoroimide)、异丙定(iprodione)、杀菌利(procymidone)、烯菌酮(vinclozolin);
-其他:噻二唑素(acibenzolar-S-methyl)、敌菌灵(anilazine)、灭瘟素(blasticin-S)、克菌丹(captan)、灭螨猛(chinomethionate)、敌菌丹(captafol)、棉隆(dazomet)、双乙氧咪唑威(debacarb)、哒菌清(diclomezine)、苯敌快(difenzoquat)、苯敌快(difenzoquat methyl sulphate)氰菌胺(fenoxanil)、灭菌丹(folpet)、oxolinic acid(奥索利酸)、粉病灵(piperalin)、苯锈啶(fenpropidin)、噁唑酮菌(famoxadone)、咪唑菌酮(fenamidone)、异噻菌酮(octhilinone)、噻菌灵(probenazole)、丙氧喹啉(proquinazid)、咯喹酮(pyroquilon)、喹氧灵(quinoxyfen)、三环唑(tricyclazole)、5-氯-7-(4-甲基哌啶-1-基)-6-(2,4,6-三氟苯基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶、2-丁氧基-6-碘-3-丙基苯并吡喃-4-酮、3-(3-溴-6-氟-2-甲基-吲哚-1-磺酰基)-[1,2,4]三唑-1-磺酸二甲基酰胺;
氨基甲酸盐和二硫代氨基甲酸盐
-二硫代氨基甲酸盐类:福美铁(ferbam)、代森锰锌(mancozeb)、代森锰(maneb)、代森联(metiram)、威百亩(metam)、磺菌威(methasulphocarb)、甲基代森锌(propineb)、福美双(thiram)、代森锌(zineb)、福美锌(ziram);
-氨基甲酸盐类:乙霉威(diethofencarb)、苯噻菌胺(flubenthiavalicarb)、异丙菌胺(iprovalicarb)、百维灵(propamocarb)、百维灵单盐酸盐(propamocarb hydrochloride)、3-(4-氯苯基)-3-(2-异丙氧羰基氨基-3-甲基丁酰氨基)丙酸甲酯、N-(1-(1-(4-氰基苯基)乙烷磺酰基)丁-2-基)氨基甲酸4-氟苯基酯;
其他杀真菌剂
-胍类:多果定(dodine)、多果定游离碱、双胍辛醋酸盐(iminoctadine)、双胍辛醋酸盐(iminoctadine-triacetate)、双胍盐(guazatine)、双胍盐(guazatine-acetate);
-抗生素类:春雷素(kasugamycin)、春雷素水合物(kasugamycin-hydrochloride-hydrate)、多氧霉素(polyoxins)、链霉素(streptomycin)、井冈霉素(validamycin A);
-有机金属化合物类:三苯基锡盐如薯瘟锡(fentin acetate)、三苯锡氯(fentin chloride)、毒菌锡(fentin hydroxide);
-含硫的杂环化合物:稻瘟灵(isoprothiolane)、二噻农(dithianon);
-有机磷化合物:克瘟散(edifenphos)、藻菌磷(fosetyl)、乙膦铝(fosetyl-aluminum)、异稻瘟净(iprobenfos)、定菌磷(pyrazophos)、甲基立枯磷(tolclofos-methyl)、磷酸及其盐;
-有机氯化合物:甲基托布津(thiophanate methyl)、百菌清(chlorothalonil)、抑菌灵(dichlofluanid)、双氯酚(dichlorophen)、对甲抑菌灵(tolylfluanid)、磺菌胺(flusulfamide)、四氯苯酞(phthalide)、六氯苯(hexachlorobenzene)、戊菌隆(pencycuron)、五氯酚(pentachlorophenole)及其盐、五氯硝基苯(quintozen)、N-(4-氯-2-硝基苯基)-N-乙基-4-甲基-苯磺酰胺;
-硝基苯基衍生物:乐杀螨(binapacryl)、敌螨普(dinocap)、敌螨通(dinobuton)、氯硝胺(dicloran)、异丙消(nitrothal-isopropyl)、四氯硝基苯(tecnazen);
-无机活性成分:波尔多液(Bordeaux混合物)、醋酸铜、氢氧化铜、王铜、碱式硫酸铜、硫;
其他:螺噁茂胺(spiroxamine)、环氟菌胺(cyflufenamid)、清菌脲(cymoxanil)、苯菌酮(metrafenone)、联苯、溴硝丙二醇(bronopol)、联苯胺、米多霉素(mildiomycin)、喹啉铜(oxin-copper)、调环酸钙(prohexadionecalcium)、对甲抑菌灵(Tolylfluanid)、N-(环丙基甲氧基亚氨基-(6-二氟甲氧基-2,3-二氟-苯基)-甲基)-2-苯基乙酰胺、N′-(4-(4-氯-3-三氟甲基-苯氧基)-2,5-二甲基-苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基甲脒、N′-(4-(4-氟-3-三氟甲基-苯氧基)-2,5-二甲基-苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基甲脒、N′-(2-甲基-5-三氟甲基-4-(3-三甲基硅烷基-丙氧基)-苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基甲脒、N′-(5-二氟甲基-2-甲基-4-(3-三甲基硅烷基-丙氧基)-苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基甲脒。
更优选所述至少一种其它杀真菌剂选自含氮杂环化合物、氨基甲酸盐类、二硫代氨基甲酸盐类和吗啉类,尤其选自乙霉威、苯噻菌胺、异丙菌胺、百维灵、3-(4-氯-苯基)-3-(2-异丙氧基羰基氨基-3-甲基-丁炔基氨基)-丙酸甲基酯、N-(1-(1-(4-氰基苯基)乙烷磺酰基)-丁-2-基)氨基甲酸-(4-氟苯基)酯、福美铁、代森锰锌、代森锰、代森联、威百亩、甲基代森锌、福美双、代森锌、福美锌、(4-十二烷基-2,6-二甲基吗啉)、吗菌灵、丁苯吗啉、克啉菌和灭菌丹,尤其优选代森联、丁苯吗啉和灭菌丹。
在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,使用两组分组合物防治埃斯卡,该组合物包含一种如上所定义的嗜球果伞素和一种选自如上所定义的其它杀真菌剂化合物的活性成分。在本发明的另一优选实施方案中,使用三组分组合物防治埃斯卡,该组合物包含一种如上所定义的嗜球果伞素和两种选自如上所定义的其它杀真菌剂化合物的活性成分。特别优选使用的是如下混合物,其中嗜球果伞素选自如上所规定的优选嗜球果伞素,优选唑菌胺酯。
根据本发明的一个实施方案,优选一起使用选自唑菌胺酯、亚胺菌、醚菌胺、啶氧菌酯、肟菌酯、烯肟菌酯、肟醚菌胺、叉氨苯酰胺、腈嘧菌酯和氟嘧菌酯的嗜球果伞素和一种或两种如上所定义的其它活性成分,其中唑菌胺酯为特别优选的嗜球果伞素化合物。根据本发明使用的优选的两组分组合物的具体实例包括唑菌胺酯和代森联、腈嘧菌酯和代森联、亚胺菌和代森联、唑菌胺酯和灭菌丹、腈嘧菌酯和灭菌丹、亚胺菌和灭菌丹。
根据本发明,将上面详细描述的化合物用于在各种类型的葡萄藤中防治埃斯卡。葡萄藤种类的实例为白色葡萄藤和红色葡萄藤,例如分别为Müller-Thurgau、巴克斯(Bacchus)、雷司令(Riesling)、Scheurebe、Silvaner和Dornfelder、Lemberger、Tempranillo、脱罗林格葡萄(Trollinger)。
葡萄藤可在侵染发生之前处理,例如在预期的埃斯卡侵袭之前3周至1周之前处理,即处理为保护性的。在该段时间中,优选在一季中进行1-10次施用,更具体而言1、2、3、4或5次施用。观察到植物对埃斯卡病害的易感性显著降低。在另一实施方案中,对葡萄藤进行治疗性处理,即葡萄藤已经被真菌侵袭,其中优选在一季中进行1、2、3、4或5次施用。
在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,本发明方法优选分别以叶面施用或喷雾施用进行。优选,在一季中进行1、2、3、4、5次且至多10次施用,尤其是超过两次施用,且至多10次施用。还优选在一季中进行超过2次施用,且至多5次施用。
一种特定的施用模式为将在b/c1复合物水平上抑制线粒体呼吸链的化合物,特别是嗜球果伞素或含有如上所定义的嗜球果伞素的组合物注射入葡萄藤中,优选直接注射入主干中。活性成分通常以可易于注射入葡萄藤的配制剂形式存在。
根据本发明的另一实施方案,化合物或组合物通过将它们施用至葡萄藤的根,特别是通过将活性成分/配制剂施加至围绕根的土壤而施用。在一季中,优选施用各活性成分和活性成分配制剂1、2或3次,尤其是2或3次而处理接近于植物的土壤。
施用率通常为0.01-2.0kg,优选0.01-1.0kg活性成分/公顷。
根据本发明使用的化合物,特别是化合物I可转化为常用于杀真菌剂的配制剂,例如溶液、乳液、悬浮液、粉剂、粉末、糊和颗粒。使用形式取决于特定的目的;在任何情况下,应确保本发明化合物精细且均匀的分布。
当所用配制剂支持活性化合物输送入植物并分布于整个植物时获得最好的结果。
配制剂可以以已知方式制备(例如参见综述US3,060,084,EP-A 707445(对于液体浓缩物),Browning,”Agglomeration”,ChemicalEngineering,1967年12月4日,147-48,Perry’s Chemical Engineer’sHandbook,第4版,McGraw-Hill,New York,1963,第8-57页及随后各页,WO 91/13546,US 4,172,714,US 4,144,050,US 3,920,442,US5,180,587,US 5,232,701,US 5,208,030,GB 2,095,558,US 3,299,566,Klingman,Weed Control as a Science,John Wiley and Sons,Inc.,NewYork,1961,Hance等,Weed Control Handbook,第8版,BlackwellScientific Publications,Oxford,1989和Mollet,H.,Grubemann,A.,Formulation technology,Wiley VCH Verlag GmbH,Weinheim(德国),2001,2.D.A.Knowles,Chemistry and Technology of AgrochemicalFormulations,Kluwer Academic Publishers,Dordrecht,1998(ISBN0-7514-0443-8),例如通过将活性化合物与适用于农业化学配制剂的助剂如溶剂和/或载体混合而制备,需要的话使用乳化剂、表面活性剂和分散剂,防腐剂,消泡剂和防冻剂。
合适的溶剂为水、芳族溶剂(如Solvesso产品、二甲苯)、石蜡(如矿物油馏分)、醇类(如甲醇、丁醇、戊醇、苄醇)、酮类(如环己酮、γ-丁内酯)、吡咯烷酮(NMP、NOP)、乙酸酯(乙二醇二乙酸酯)、二元醇、脂肪酸二甲酰胺、脂肪酸及脂肪酸酯。原则上还可以使用溶剂混合物。
合适的乳化剂为非离子和阴离子乳化剂(例如聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚、烷基磺酸盐和芳基磺酸盐)。
分散剂的实例为木素亚硫酸盐废液和甲基纤维素。
合适表面活性剂是木素磺酸、萘磺酸、苯酚磺酸、二丁基萘磺酸的碱金属盐、碱土金属盐和铵盐,烷基芳基磺酸盐,烷基硫酸盐,烷基磺酸盐,脂肪醇硫酸盐,脂肪酸和硫酸化脂肪醇乙二醇醚,还有磺化萘和萘衍生物与甲醛的缩合物,萘或萘磺酸与苯酚和甲醛的缩合物,聚氧乙烯辛基苯酚醚,乙氧基化异辛基酚、辛基酚、壬基酚,烷基苯酚聚乙二醇醚,三丁基苯基聚乙二醇醚,三硬脂基苯基聚乙二醇醚,烷基芳基聚醚醇,醇或脂肪醇/氧化乙烯缩合物,乙氧基化蓖麻油,聚氧乙烯烷基醚,乙氧基化聚氧丙烯,月桂醇聚乙二醇醚缩醛,山梨醇酯,木素亚硫酸盐废液和甲基纤维素。
适于制备可直接喷雾溶液、乳液、糊或油分散体的物质是中沸点到高沸点的矿物油馏分,如煤油或柴油,此外还有煤焦油和植物和动物来源的油,脂族、环状和芳族烃,例如甲苯、二甲苯、石蜡、四氢化萘、烷基化萘或其衍生物、甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、环己醇、环己酮、异佛尔酮,强极性溶剂,例如二甲亚砜、N-甲基吡咯烷酮和水。
防冻剂如甘油、乙二醇、丙二醇和杀菌剂也可加入配制剂中。
合适的消泡剂例如为基于聚硅氧烷或硬脂酸镁的消泡剂。
合适的防腐剂例如为双氯酚和enzylalkoholhemiformal。
粉末、撒播用材料和可撒粉产品可以通过将活性化合物与固体载体混合或同时研磨而制备。
颗粒如涂覆颗粒、浸渍颗粒和均质颗粒可以通过将活性化合物与固体载体粘附而制备。
固体载体的实例是矿土如硅胶、硅酸盐、滑石、高岭土、活性粘土(attaclay)、石灰石、石灰、白垩、红玄武土、黄土、粘土、白云石、硅藻土、硫酸钙、硫酸镁、氧化镁;磨碎的合成材料;肥料如硫酸铵、磷酸铵、硝酸铵、尿素;植物来源的产品如谷粉、树皮粉、木粉和坚果壳粉,纤维素粉和其它固体载体。
配制剂通常包含0.01-95重量%,优选0.1-90重量%的活性化合物。在本文中,活性化合物以90-100重量%,优选95-100重量%的纯度(根据NMR谱)使用。
根据本发明使用的化合物,特别是嗜球果伞素或含有它们的如上所定义的混合物可以直接、以其配制剂形式或由其制备的使用形式(如可直接喷雾溶液、粉末、悬浮液或分散体、乳液、油分散体、糊、可撒粉产品、撒播用材料或颗粒),借助喷雾、雾化、撒粉、撒播或浇灌来使用。使用形式完全取决于意欲的目的;意欲在每种情况下确保本发明活性化合物的最佳可能分布。
含水使用形式可通过加入水由乳液浓缩物、糊或可湿性粉末(可喷雾粉末、油分散体)制备。为制备乳液、糊或油分散体,可借助湿润剂、增粘剂、分散剂或乳化剂将该物质直接或溶于油或溶剂中后在水中均化。然而,还可以制备由活性物质、湿润剂、增粘剂、分散剂或乳化剂以及合适的话溶剂或油组成的浓缩物且该浓缩物适于用水稀释。
活性物质在即用制剂中的浓度可以在较宽范围内变化。它们通常为0.0001-10重量%,优选0.01-1重量%。
活性化合物也可成功用于超低容量法(ULV),其中可以施用包含超过95重量%活性化合物的配制剂,或甚至施用不含添加剂的活性化合物。
下列为本发明配制剂实例:
1.用于叶面施用的用水稀释的产品
A)水溶性浓缩物(SL、LS)
将10重量份活性化合物溶于90重量份水或水溶性溶剂中。或者,加入湿润剂或其它助剂。活性化合物经水稀释溶解,这得到活性化合物含量为10重量%的配制剂。
B)分散性浓缩物(DC)
将20重量份活性化合物溶于70重量份环己酮中并加入10重量份分散剂如聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮。用水稀释得到分散体,由此得到活性化合物含量为20重量%的配制剂。
C)乳油(EC)
将15重量份活性化合物溶于75重量份二甲苯中并加入十二烷基苯磺酸钙和蓖麻油乙氧基化物(在每种情况下为5重量份)。用水稀释得到乳液,该配制剂的活性化合物含量为15%。
D)乳液(EW、EO、ES)
将25重量份活性化合物溶于35重量份二甲苯中并加入十二烷基苯磺酸钙和蓖麻油乙氧基化物(在每种情况下为5重量份)。借助乳化机(如Ultraturrax)将该混合物引入30重量份水中并制成均相乳液。用水稀释得到乳液,该配制剂的活性化合物含量为25重量%。
E)悬浮液(SC、OD、FS)
在搅拌的球磨机中,将20重量份活性化合物粉碎并加入10重量份分散剂和湿润剂以及70重量份水或有机溶剂,得到细碎活性化合物悬浮液。用水稀释得到稳定的活性化合物悬浮液,该配制剂中的活性化合物含量为20重量%。
F)水分散性颗粒和水溶性颗粒(WG、SG)
将50重量份活性化合物细碎研磨并加入50重量份分散剂和湿润剂,借助工业装置(如挤出机、喷雾塔、流化床)将其制成水分散性或水溶性颗粒。用水稀释得到稳定的活性化合物分散体或溶液,该配制剂的活性化合物含量为50重量%。
G)水分散性粉末和水溶性粉末(WP、SP、SS、WS)
将75重量份活性化合物在转子-定子磨机中研磨并加入25重量份分散剂、湿润剂和硅胶。用水稀释得到稳定的活性化合物分散体或溶液,该配制剂的活性化合物含量为75重量%。
2.不经稀释而施用的产品
I)粉剂(DP、DS)
将5重量份活性化合物细碎研磨并与95重量份细碎高岭土充分混合。这得到活性化合物含量为5重量%的可撒粉产品。
J)颗粒(GR、FG、GG、MG)
将0.5重量份活性化合物细碎研磨并结合99.5重量份载体,这得到活性化合物含量为0.5重量%的配制剂。现行方法是挤出、喷雾干燥或流化床方法。这得到不经稀释而叶面施用的颗粒。
K)ULV溶液(UL)
将10重量份活性化合物溶于90重量份有机溶剂如二甲苯中。这得到活性化合物含量为10重量%的不经稀释而叶面施用的产品。
提及在b/c1复合物水平上抑制线粒体呼吸链的活性化合物,尤其是嗜球果伞素或含有这类化合物的混合物在防治埃斯卡中的效果的说明可作为包装上的标签存在或存在于产品数据表中。在制剂可与活性成分结合使用的情况下也可存在该说明。
在b/c1复合物水平上抑制线粒体呼吸链的化合物,特别是嗜球果伞素和含有至少一种这类化合物和至少一种其它活性成分的混合物对埃斯卡的活性由如下试验证实:
实施例
用途实施例1-田间试验
1 材料、方法和测试条件
试验在全能力生产的葡萄园中在前些年存在病症下进行,该葡萄园位于Requena(Valencia,西班牙),使用接枝在110-Ritcher上的品种Tempranillo,25年的年龄,其以树墙的形式,具有滴灌且种植尺寸为2.5×2.5m,这意味着1600根葡萄藤/公顷。
试验过程中记录的环境条件得自‘El Cerrito’-Requena(Valencia)的气象站,得到关于温度(℃)和降雨(mm)的数据(参见表A)。
根据病害的传播特征,试验设置在带上(根据4个副区划分区,每个副区20根葡萄藤),每区的表面为500m2(80根葡萄藤),以得到很大数目的具有症状的葡萄藤。
喷雾设备为水力喷雾器,型号为“Maruyama”,管为50m,陶瓷盘喷嘴,直径为1mm,工作压力为20巴。
施用时刻根据葡萄园生长发育阶段决定(参见表A)并使用预防性标准防治埃斯卡,根据现有的树液沿着其作物圈在葡萄藤中运动,这些时刻对上述真菌最具活性。
将唑菌胺酯(化合物II-5)与代森联(5%+55%)的杀真菌混合物以0.2%的剂量率(0.2kg的市售配制剂(商品名:Cbrio ,BASFAktiengesellschaft的WG)/100L水)以四次处理的程序用于试验。未处理区用作对照。所用活性化合物以市售配制剂施用。
在不同的生长阶段A、B、C和D进行施用(参见表A)。
表A
月份 | 葡萄藤的生长阶段 | 生长阶段的BBCH编码(施用时刻) | 施用过程中的环境条件 |
三月 | 休眠:冬天的芽 | 00(A) | ·800L水/公顷·<1m/s的风速·温度14℃·湿度73% |
五月 | 开花,明显可见 | 51-53(B) | ·1000L水/公顷·<1m/s的风速·温度24℃·湿度65% |
六月 | 座果,幼果开始套袋(swallow) | 71-73(C) | ·1000L水/公顷·<1m/s的风速·温度22℃·湿度75% |
八月 | 葡萄藤开始成熟(颜色变化) | 81-83(D) | ·1000L水/公顷·<1m/s的风速·温度25℃·湿度66% |
BBCH-编码:Compendium of Growth Stage Identification Keys forMono-and Dicotyledoneus Plants;1994年秋季,由Reinhold Stauss编辑,Ciba Geigy AG,Postfach,CH-4002 Basel。
2 结果
2.1 选择性
在各施用7-14天之后,目测记录选择性。没有观察到葡萄藤的损害,即没有观察到由本发明施用上述活性成分配制剂引起的任何毒性症状。
2.2 效力
通过观察埃斯卡侵袭的频率和强度评价处理的效率。所有单元区通过评价每个葡萄藤的所有芽根据5个等级的非线性评分而评价,参见表B。
表B
测试的不同类型的芽的评分
等级 | 描述 |
1 | 健康的芽 |
2 | 具有1-25%可见伤害的芽 |
3 | 具有26-50%可见伤害的芽 |
4 | 具有>50%可见伤害的芽 |
5 | 干芽 |
a)埃斯卡侵袭的频率
表C:
埃斯卡侵袭的频率
1通过反正弦(arcsen)变换数据√(X/100)
2根据LSD测试相同字母后的指数没有显著不同(P=0,05)
b)埃斯卡侵袭强度
表D:
埃斯卡侵袭强度
1通过反正弦变换数据√(X/100)
2根据LSD测试相同字母后的指数没有显著不同(P=0,05)
埃斯卡侵袭的频率和强度评价显示,与对照植物相比,根据本发明的处理导致惊人的防治病害的效果(根据本发明处理的葡萄藤和对照葡萄藤之间的差别为95%)。此外,没有观察到使用本发明方法防治埃斯卡的任何植物毒性症状。
应用实施例2-评价杀真菌剂对Phaeoacremonium aleophilum和Phaeomoniella chlamydospora,两种真菌埃斯卡的复合物的防治效力的微滴定板测试
产品以工业质量活性成分提供。在DMSO中以10000ppm活性成分的浓度制备活性成分的储备溶液。
所有产品在125,31,8,2,0.5和0.125ppm活性成分下测试;DMSO浓度在所有稀释中相同。
测试真菌的孢子悬浮液在酵母萃取物、细菌蛋白胨和甘油液体介质中制备。
向96孔的微滴定板的孔中三次加入等体积的测试化合物和孢子悬浮液。孔的光密度借助光度计在405nm处在制备之后立即测量。
随后在23℃下培养板。在培养7天和14天之后进一步测量光密度。将在处理孔中的生长与在对照(=水)孔中的生长对比。
在该测试中,活性化合物亚胺菌和唑菌胺酯对Phaeomoniellachlamydospora生长的抑制分别为由强到非常强;活性化合物唑菌胺酯对Phaeoacremonium aleophilum生长的抑制由强到非常强。
应用实施例3-唑菌胺酯对葡萄藤中与埃斯卡相关的不同病原体的菌丝体生长的效力
测试病原体为Phaeoacremonium属、Phaemoniella chlamydospora和Fomitiporella vitis(与埃斯卡病害相关的病原体)以及柱盘孢菌(Cylindrocarpon destructans)和葡萄座腔菌属(Botryosphaeria)(经常从具有埃斯卡症状的葡萄藤木材中分离的病原体)。
在该试验中,将由真菌的纯培养物得到5mm直径的盘设置在90mm皮氏培养皿的中央,该皮氏培养皿含有土豆葡萄糖琼脂(PDA)的溶液,并向其中加入不同浓度的唑菌胺酯(重复三次)。
唑菌胺酯以使用,其为BASF Aktiengesellschaft的市售配制剂,并含有250g/l唑菌胺酯。唑菌胺酯以0、0.1、1、10、100和1000ppm活性成分的浓度施用。加入培养介质中的活性成分的浓度通过将产品扩散到对相应品种接种的琼脂中而预先测定。
随后目测病原体生长的直径(mm),直至测试材料(在不含杀真菌剂的PDA介质中的病原体)完全侵入皮氏培养皿。将该生长与由不同的唑菌胺酯浓度得到的生长进行对比,由测试物质(没有施用杀真菌剂产品)获得的直径和特定浓度下的真菌的生长直径之间的比例作为杀真菌剂的效果。
唑菌胺酯对不同病原体的菌丝体生长抑制水平如下:
相对于杀真菌剂浓度的不同真菌品种的菌丝体生长的抑制水平。结果以百分数表示且代表3次重复的平均值。
该试验显示唑菌胺酯对葡萄藤中埃斯卡病害相关的所有测试病原体提供了良好活性。
Claims (12)
1.在b/c1复合物水平上抑制线粒体呼吸链的活性化合物在防治埃斯卡中的用途。
2.根据权利要求1的用途,其中所述活性化合物为嗜球果伞素。
3.根据权利要求1或2的用途,其中所述活性化合物为式I化合物:
其中:
X为卤素、C1-C4烷基或三氟甲基;
m为0或1;
Q为C(=CH-CH3)-COOCH3、C(=CH-OCH3)-COOCH3、C(=N-OCH3)-CONHCH3、C(=N-OCH3)-COOCH3、N(-OCH3)-COOCH3或基团Q1:
其中#为与苯环的连接点;
A为-O-B、-CH2O-B、-OCH2-B、-CH2S-B、-CH=CH-B、-C≡C-B、-CH2O-N=C(R1)-B、-CH2S-N=C(R1)-B、-CH2O-N=C(R1)-CH=CH-B或-CH2O-N=C(R1)-C(R2)=N-OR3;其中
B为苯基、萘基、5或6员杂芳基或5或6员杂环基,其包含1、2或3个N原子和/或一个O或S原子或一个或两个O和/或S原子,其中环体系未被取代或被1、2或3个基团Ra取代:
Ra独立地为氰基、硝基、氨基、氨基羰基、氨基硫羰基、卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷基羰基、C1-C6烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷基亚磺酰基、C3-C6环烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C1-C6烷氧羰基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基氨基、二-C1-C6烷基氨基、C1-C6烷基氨基羰基、二-C1-C6烷基氨基羰基、C1-C6烷基氨基硫羰基、二-C1-C6烷基氨基硫羰基、C2-C6链烯基、C2-C6链烯氧基、苯基、苯氧基、苄基、苄氧基、5或6员杂环基、5或6员杂芳基、5或6员杂芳氧基、C(=NORa)-Rb或OC(Ra)2-C(Rb)=NORb,其中环状基团又未被取代或被1、2或3个基团Rb取代:
Rb独立地为氰基、硝基、卤素、氨基、氨基羰基、氨基硫羰基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷基亚磺酰基、C3-C6环烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基氨基、二-C1-C6烷基氨基、C1-C6烷基氨基羰基、二-C1-C6烷基氨基羰基、C1-C6烷基氨基硫羰基、二-C1-C6烷基氨基硫羰基、C2-C6链烯基、C2-C6链烯氧基、C3-C6环烷基、C3-C6环烯基、苯基、苯氧基、苯硫基、苄基、苄氧基、5或6员杂环基、5或6员杂芳基、5或6员杂芳氧基或C(=NORA)-RB;其中
RA、RB独立地为氢或C1-C6烷基;
R1为氢、氰基、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C3-C6环烷基、C1-C4烷氧基或C1-C4烷硫基;
R2为苯基、苯基羰基、苯基磺酰基、5或6员杂芳基、5或6员杂芳基羰基或5或6员杂芳基磺酰基,其中环体系未被取代或被1、2或3个基团Ra取代,C1-C10烷基、C3-C6环烷基、C2-C10链烯基、C2-C10炔基、C1-C10烷基羰基、C2-C10链烯基羰基、C3-C10炔基羰基、C1-C10烷基磺酰基或C(=NORa)-Rb,其中这些基团的烃基未被取代或被1、2或3个基团Rc取代:
Rc独立地为氰基、硝基、氨基、氨基羰基、氨基硫羰基、卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基氨基、二-C1-C6烷基氨基、C1-C6烷基氨基羰基、二-C1-C6烷基氨基羰基、C1-C6烷基氨基硫羰基、二-C1-C6烷基氨基硫羰基、C2-C6链烯基、C2-C6链烯氧基,
C3-C6环烷基、C3-C6环烷氧基、5或6员杂环基、5或6员杂环氧基、苄基、苄氧基、苯基、苯氧基、苯硫基、5或6员杂芳基、5或6员杂芳氧基和杂芳基硫基;其中环状基团又可部分或完全被卤代和/或带有1、2或3个基团Ra;和
R3为氢、C1-C6烷基、C2-C6链烯基、C2-C6炔基,这些基团的烃基未被取代或被1、2或3个基团Rc取代。
4.根据权利要求3的用途,其中式I中的指数m为零且取代基具有如下含义:
Q为C(=CH-CH3)-COOCH3、C(=CH-OCH3)-COOCH3、C(=N-OCH3)-CONHCH3、C(=N-OCH3)-COOCH3或N(-OCH3)-COOCH3;A为-O-B、-CH2O-B、-OCH2-B、-CH2O-N=C(R1)-B,或-CH2O-N=C(R1)-C(R2)=N-OR3,其中
B为苯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡唑基、三唑基,其中这些环体系未被取代或被1-3个基团Ra取代;
R1为氢、氰基、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C3-C6环烷基或C1-C4烷氧基;
R2为C1-C6烷基、C2-C10链烯基、C3-C6环烷基,其中这些基团未被取代或被1或2个基团Rb’取代:
Rb’为C1-C6烷基、C3-C6环烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、苄基、苯基或苯氧基;
苯基,其未被取代或被1或2个基团Ra取代;和
R3为C1-C6烷基、C2-C6链烯基或C2-C6炔基。
7.根据权利要求1或2的用途,其中所述活性化合物为选自如下的嗜球果伞素化合物:唑菌胺酯、亚胺菌、醚菌胺、2-(邻-((2,5-二甲基苯基氧基亚甲基)苯基)-3-甲氧基丙烯酸甲基酯、啶氧菌酯、肟菌酯、烯肟菌酯、肟醚菌胺、叉氨苯酰胺、腈嘧菌酯和氟嘧菌酯。
8.根据权利要求1或2的用途,其中所述活性化合物为选自腈嘧菌酯、唑菌胺酯和啶氧菌酯的嗜球果伞素化合物。
9.根据权利要求1或2的用途,其中所述嗜球果伞素化合物选自(2-氯-5-[1-(3-甲基苄氧亚氨基)乙基]苄基)氨基甲酸甲酯和(2-氯-5-[1-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基甲氧亚氨基)乙基]苄基)氨基甲酸甲酯、2-(邻-((2,5-二甲基苯基-氧基亚甲基)苯基)-3-甲氧基-丙烯酸甲基酯、2-(2-(6-(3-氯-2-甲基-苯氧基)-5-氟-嘧啶-4-基氧基)-苯基)-2-甲氧基亚氨基-N-甲基-乙酰胺和3-甲氧基-2-(2-(N-(4-甲氧基-苯基)-环丙烷亚胺酸酰基硫甲基)-苯基)-丙烯酸甲基酯。
10.根据权利要求1-9中任一项的用途,其中将至少一种在b/c1复合物水平上抑制线粒体呼吸链的活性化合物与至少一种其它活性成分一起使用。
11.根据权利要求10的用途,其中所述至少一种其它活性成分选自代森联、丁苯吗啉和灭菌丹。
12.一种防治埃斯卡的方法,其包括用有效量的至少一种在b/c1复合物水平上抑制线粒体呼吸链的活性化合物处理真菌、其栖息地,或需防止真菌的植物,土壤和/或材料。
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2007
- 2007-03-20 UA UAA200812187A patent/UA94093C2/ru unknown
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- 2007-03-20 CN CN200780010281.7A patent/CN101437396B/zh active Active
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- 2007-03-20 EA EA200801891A patent/EA015449B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-03-20 US US12/293,686 patent/US8273686B2/en active Active
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- 2007-03-20 WO PCT/EP2007/052643 patent/WO2007110354A2/en active Application Filing
- 2007-03-20 EP EP07727120.3A patent/EP2001294B1/en active Active
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102283228A (zh) * | 2010-06-19 | 2011-12-21 | 海利尔药业集团股份有限公司 | 一种含有吡唑醚菌酯和丙森锌的杀菌组合物 |
CN102283228B (zh) * | 2010-06-19 | 2013-05-15 | 海利尔药业集团股份有限公司 | 一种含有吡唑醚菌酯和丙森锌的杀菌组合物 |
CN102239863A (zh) * | 2011-04-02 | 2011-11-16 | 陕西汤普森生物科技有限公司 | 一种含有啶氧菌酯与硫代氨基甲酸酯类的杀菌组合物 |
CN102239863B (zh) * | 2011-04-02 | 2013-11-06 | 陕西汤普森生物科技有限公司 | 一种含有啶氧菌酯与硫代氨基甲酸酯类的杀菌组合物 |
CN103858883A (zh) * | 2011-04-27 | 2014-06-18 | 陕西汤普森生物科技有限公司 | 一种含有啶氧菌酯与酰胺类的农药组合物 |
CN103858882A (zh) * | 2011-04-27 | 2014-06-18 | 陕西汤普森生物科技有限公司 | 一种含有啶氧菌酯与酰胺类的农药组合物 |
CN103858883B (zh) * | 2011-04-27 | 2016-01-20 | 陕西汤普森生物科技有限公司 | 一种含有啶氧菌酯与酰胺类的农药组合物 |
CN106035355A (zh) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-10-26 | 安徽省农业科学院植物保护与农产品质量安全研究所 | 一种含啶氧菌酯和克菌丹的杀菌组合物 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
UA94093C2 (ru) | 2011-04-11 |
US8273686B2 (en) | 2012-09-25 |
PT2001294T (pt) | 2017-01-13 |
AU2007229569A1 (en) | 2007-10-04 |
WO2007110354A3 (en) | 2007-11-15 |
US20100292237A1 (en) | 2010-11-18 |
EP2001294B1 (en) | 2016-10-05 |
CL2007000778A1 (es) | 2008-01-18 |
EP2001294A2 (en) | 2008-12-17 |
AR060094A1 (es) | 2008-05-21 |
EA015449B1 (ru) | 2011-08-30 |
EA200801891A1 (ru) | 2009-04-28 |
WO2007110354A2 (en) | 2007-10-04 |
AU2007229569B2 (en) | 2012-07-12 |
ES2610030T3 (es) | 2017-04-25 |
ZA200808995B (en) | 2009-12-30 |
BRPI0708746A2 (pt) | 2011-06-28 |
NZ570075A (en) | 2010-11-26 |
CN101437396B (zh) | 2012-12-05 |
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