CN101421091A - 具有电操作促动器的可变多型坯挤出头 - Google Patents

具有电操作促动器的可变多型坯挤出头 Download PDF

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CN101421091A
CN101421091A CNA2007800130639A CN200780013063A CN101421091A CN 101421091 A CN101421091 A CN 101421091A CN A2007800130639 A CNA2007800130639 A CN A2007800130639A CN 200780013063 A CN200780013063 A CN 200780013063A CN 101421091 A CN101421091 A CN 101421091A
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connecting rod
decelerator
cross member
axle
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F·卡斯泰拉里
E·斯加尔吉
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TECHNE TECHNIPACK ENGINEERING
TECHNE包装技术工程意大利股份公司
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    • B29C2948/00Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92609Dimensions
    • B29C2948/92647Thickness
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C2948/00Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
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    • B29C2948/92809Particular value claimed
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C2948/00Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
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    • B29C2948/92923Calibration, after-treatment or cooling zone
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/32Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
    • B29C48/325Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles being adjustable, i.e. having adjustable exit sections
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C49/04Extrusion blow-moulding
    • B29C49/04108Extrusion blow-moulding extruding several parisons parallel to each other at the same time

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Abstract

一种电操作促动器,用于在挤出过程中通过普通装置来改变型坯的厚度,该普通装置改变挤出头的排出嘴的内部截面,且该普通装置与公共横向部件(7)连接,该公共横向部件(7)可以在垂直运动过程中由合适装置(107、8)来引导,其特征在于:所述横向部件通过包括至少连杆和曲柄的机械系统来升高和降低,该机械系统由具有有限游隙的减速器(9)来驱动,该减速器固定在位于所述横向部件(7)上方的支承结构(102)上,并通过合适功率的电马达(109)而运动,该电马达可沿两个方向旋转,并具有电子速度和相位控制装置,例如为无刷类型的马达。

Description

具有电操作促动器的可变多型坯挤出头
本发明涉及利用吹塑技术来制造塑料容器的机器,所述机器通过挤出机来供给,该挤出机用于制造热的、下降的热塑性材料垂直管(所谓的型坯),该垂直管的一部分周期性地夹在模具和相对模具单元的相应空腔内部,并通过切割操作来与连续型坯分离,然后,通过模具/相对模具单元和挤出机的合适垂直相对运动,保证该挤出机的连续操作,相同的模具/相对模具单元移动至站中,在该站中,相应喷嘴插入至捕获于模具单元内部的所述塑料囊袋的局部封闭端内部,以便吹入增压气体,该增压气体使得所述囊袋紧贴在所述模具和相对模具单元的空腔上,以便形成具有合适尺寸和形状特征的容器。然后,容器由吹制单元的喷嘴通过嘴来保持,模具和相对模具打开并返回型坯制造站,与挤出机相关的相对结构需要用于重复新的工作循环。
为了制造沿高度方向具有不同截面和形状的部分的容器,需要使得型坯部分(这些容器由该型坯部分形成)形成为具有厚度变化,该厚度变化与所述截面和/或形状变化成比例。因此,挤出机模具在出口嘴区域有相应的轴向销,该轴向销具有圆锥形形状,还设想有装置用于产生销和出口嘴的相对轴向移动,以便改变所述出口嘴的内部截面,且这些装置通过伺服控制单元来操作,该伺服控制单元由电子可编程装置来驱动,该电子可编程装置根据预定程序来操作。
目前,这样的伺服控制单元使用一个或多个液压缸和活塞组件,它们可以在运动过程中与齿条和小齿轮系统同步。由于密封件的磨损,且还因为所述缸恰好在挤出头附近和上方,并由此直接受到由该头排出的热(该热的特征是趋向于升高)的作用,因此该方案需要定期维护和检查该缸。当不进行这些定期检查(因此停止生产)时,油可能从所述液压缸泄漏,并将不可避免地流到挤出头上,可能污染型坯和吹塑机器的所有下面部件,结果是可以想象的。
目前试图发现一种代替液压缸的方法,市场上已经提出了螺杆和凹形螺母类型的线性促动器,它为精确类型,因此具有通过电马达操作的循环滚珠系统。这些促动器的单位价格与现有的液压缸系统相比非常高,且特征是功率有限,这限制了它的用途,或者这导致需要在相同挤出头中使用多个这样的促动器。
本发明将通过如所附权利要求1所述的电操作促动器来克服现有技术的这些限制,该电操作促动器作用在运动部件上,该运动部件调节多个挤出头的出口嘴的内部截面,且该电操作促动器优选是由专用装置通过机械连杆和曲柄系统来垂直引导,该机械连杆和曲柄系统通过具有有限游隙的减速器来驱动,该减速器由合适功率的电马达来驱动,该电马达具有电子速度和相位控制装置,例如无刷马达。
通过下面对优选实施例的说明将更清楚本发明的其它特征和由此产生的优点,该优选实施例只是通过附图中的非限定实例来表示,在附图中:
图1表示了装置的正视图;
图2表示了装置的侧视图;
图3表示了装置的曲柄和它们的操作模式的详细侧视图,类似于图2中所示;以及
图4表示了所述促动器的一些重要参数的相关曲线的曲线图。
在图1和2中,1总体表示垂直挤出头,它固定在由90度管101提供的支承结构2上,且它通过底部嘴201排出型坯。在所述实例中,头为这样的类型,其中,嘴201具有外部部件,该外部部件可相对于固定的相关内部销3而轴向运动,这样,为了改变离开嘴201的型坯的截面,需要使所述嘴轴向运动,为此,该嘴安装在相应的横向部件4上,该横向部件4通过系杆5与位于挤出头1上方的相应横向部件104连接,再通过相应的可调节系杆6与公共的坚固横向部件7连接,如图2中详细所示,该公共的坚固横向部件7至少在拐角区域设有衬套107,该衬套107在相应的垂直引导杆8上滑动,该垂直引导杆8在底端固定在支承头1的水平结构2上,且该垂直引导杆8在顶端固定在相应的水平结构102上,该水平结构102通过凸肩202而与所述底部结构2连接,该凸肩202设有任何的用于优选是可拆卸地固定在支承框架T上的合适装置。
根据本发明,上部支承结构102具有在中部位置固定在它上的减速器9,该减速器9为具有有限游隙的类型,它具有很高效率和合适特征,且它的输出轴例如为中空的,轴10的平行于一排可调节系杆6的中间部分键连接在所述输出轴的内部中。减速器9通过电马达109来操作,该电马达109优选为具有电子速度和相位控制装置的类型,例如为具有合适特征的无刷马达。为了操作用于调节挤出头1的相应出口嘴的七个单元,如图1和2的实例中所示,通过使用减速比在60和70之间的减速器9(例如减速比为大约63)以及在3000转和大约40-60Nm力矩下操作的马达109,可以获得良好的结果。
轴10在离端部很短距离处由具有轴承11、111的支承件来可旋转地支承,该支承件固定在支承结构102上,所述轴的端部设计成具有偏心按钮12、112,该偏心按钮12、112具有曲柄功能,以及具有合适的偏心度,例如大约6毫米,因为施加在嘴201上的最大轴向运动小于12毫米,且这些按钮通过具有合适特征的轴承而安装在对应的相同连杆13、113的朝下的端部上,该连杆13、113的另一端通过轴承而与销14、114配合,该销14、114由叉形部件15、115支承,该叉形部件15、115固定在结构7上并在与调节器6对齐的位置,如图2中所示。
还清楚怎样通过连杆13、113而使曲柄12、112产生旋转运动,结构7和104通过用于调节由头1挤出的型坯的截面的系统而合适地升高或降低。为了限制曲柄12、112通过连杆13、113而向要运动的运动部件传动的倾斜分量,该相同曲柄优选是制造成以在90度内的角度位移而工作,这样,它们的中心从点P1通向点P2,反之亦然,这样,水平部件D的位移为有限值。
图4显示了与装置的主操作特征相关的各相关曲线,其中,循环时间在x轴上以秒表示,马达109的转速在y轴上(左手侧)表示,在部件201和3之间用于调节出口截面的垂直行程位移在y轴上(右手侧)以mm表示。虚线CE表示装置的运动部件的行程,该运动部件通过齿轮马达单元9、109以及所述连杆和曲柄系统而传动,该行程例如在大约8毫米区域中,并在大约40秒的时间中进行。连续细线V表示运动速度,点划线NM表示马达109的转速曲线,而连续粗线MTM表示所述马达109的扭矩,该扭矩在系统的初始起动阶段具有正峰值,然后在运动的中间部分稳定在平均值,并终止于与初始峰值基本相反的峰值。
可以清楚知道,通过低成本的所述类型装置能够怎样执行小数量运动和具有与通过液压缸和活塞系统能够获得的力相同的力,但是没有该系统的缺点,因为齿轮马达单元不需要定期维修,且因为马达位于离挤出头一定距离处,且并不直接受到由挤出头发出的热量的影响。
应当知道,本发明的范围还延伸至用于调节多挤出头的出口嘴的内部截面的其它系统,其中,还设想有装置用于使销3相对于保持静止的出口嘴201进行轴向运动。还应当知道,说明书涉及本发明的优选实施例,可以对该优选实施例进行多种变化的结构改变,例如,可以使支承件11、111在端部支承轴10,同时曲柄12、112位于轴部分10的、从减速器9凸出的中间部分中,这样,连杆13、113在梁7的中间对称点起作用,以便将挠曲力更好和更均匀地分配在梁7上。曲柄12、112可以以所示不同的任意方式而形成,且偏心衬套安装在轴10上或者键连接在轴10上的小杠杆臂上。用于升高和降低结构107的连杆和曲柄系统可以有其它变化,它可以通过使用杠杆来补充,用于由于由所述杠杆引起的更大臂来倍增由曲柄引起的位移,以便能够将曲柄设计成具有有限的偏心度,并能够使连杆13、113沿基本平直和垂直的轨迹来运动。另一变化例如可以是,具有相关支承件11、111的机构9、109、10、12、112可以安装在滑动件上,该滑动件可以通过专用调节装置(未示出)的作用而沿与轴10垂直的方向在下部结构102上移动(沿一个方向或另一方向,见图2),以便使连杆13、113能够根据要进行的行程以经过空间D(图3)内部的基本垂直轴线来操作。这些变化并没有示出,因为它们可以由本领域技术人员很容易地推导出和很容易地实现。

Claims (6)

1.一种电操作促动器,用于在挤出过程中通过普通装置来改变型坯的厚度,该普通装置改变挤出头的出口嘴的内部截面,且该普通装置与公共横向部件(7)连接,该公共横向部件(7)可以在垂直运动过程中由合适装置(107、8)来引导,其特征在于:所述横向部件通过包括至少连杆和曲柄的机械系统来升高和降低,该机械系统由具有有限游隙和很高效率的减速器(9)来驱动,该减速器固定在位于所述横向部件(7)上方的支承结构(102)上,并通过合适功率的电马达(109)而运动,该电马达可沿两个方向旋转,并具有电子速度和相位控制装置,例如为无刷类型的马达。
2.根据权利要求1所述的促动器,其中:减速器(9)的中空输出轴与轴(10)中间部分键连接,该中间部分平行于要调节的下面的一排部件,该一排部件在离端部较短距离处由具有轴承(11、111)的支承件可旋转地支承,该支承件固定在减速器的所述支承结构上,且所述轴(10)的端部具有偏心按钮(12、112),该偏心按钮具有曲柄的功能,以及具有合适的偏心度,该偏心按钮通过具有合适特征的轴承安装在对应的相同连杆(13、113)的朝下的端部上,且所述连杆在它们的另一端通过轴承与由叉形部件(15、115)支承的销(14、114)配合,该叉形部件(15、115)固定在与要调节的部件连接的横向部件(7)上。
3.根据权利要求2所述的促动器,其特征在于:根据结构变化,所述支承件(11、111)在端部支承运动轴(10),同时曲柄(12、112)键连接在所述轴的从减速器(9)突出的中间部分上,这样,连杆(13、113)作用在与要调节的部件连接的横向部件(7)的中间对称点上。
4.根据权利要求3所述的促动器,其特征在于:为了限制曲柄(12、112)通过连杆(13、113)向要运动的运动部件传动的倾斜分量,该相同曲柄优选是以在90度内的角度位移(P1-P2)来操作,并且分成在水平理想直线上方和下方的相同部分,该水平理想直线使轴(10)的旋转轴线与所述曲柄交叉。
5.根据权利要求1所述的促动器,其中:所述连杆和曲柄系统可以通过使用杠杆来补充,用于由于由所述杠杆引起更大的臂来倍增由曲柄引起的位移,以便能够使曲柄形成有限偏心度,并能够使连杆(13、113)沿基本平直和垂直的轨迹运动。
6.根据权利要求1所述的促动器,其中:前述机构(9、109、10、12、112)和相关支承件(11、111)可以安装在滑动件上,该滑动件可以通过专用调节装置的作用而在下部支承结构(102)上移动,该下部支承结构垂直于驱动轴(10),以便使得连杆(13、113)能够根据要进行的行程而以基本垂直的轴线操作。
CNA2007800130639A 2006-04-12 2007-03-22 具有电操作促动器的可变多型坯挤出头 Pending CN101421091A (zh)

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CN110450380A (zh) * 2018-05-07 2019-11-15 W·米勒有限公司 多挤出头
CN113508248A (zh) * 2019-03-04 2021-10-15 利纳克有限公司 线性促动器系统以及用于对该促动器系统的功率限制值进行设置和编程的方法
CN113968010A (zh) * 2021-11-03 2022-01-25 镇江春环密封件集团有限公司 一种应用于船用聚四氟乙烯管的立式挤出设备及其工作方法

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CN110450380A (zh) * 2018-05-07 2019-11-15 W·米勒有限公司 多挤出头
CN110450380B (zh) * 2018-05-07 2021-09-24 W·米勒有限公司 多挤出头
CN113508248A (zh) * 2019-03-04 2021-10-15 利纳克有限公司 线性促动器系统以及用于对该促动器系统的功率限制值进行设置和编程的方法
CN113508248B (zh) * 2019-03-04 2023-12-22 利纳克有限公司 线性促动器系统以及用于对该促动器系统的功率限制值进行设置和编程的方法
CN113968010A (zh) * 2021-11-03 2022-01-25 镇江春环密封件集团有限公司 一种应用于船用聚四氟乙烯管的立式挤出设备及其工作方法

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