CN101412641B - Microbial preparation for improving soil fertility of requisition-compensation land - Google Patents

Microbial preparation for improving soil fertility of requisition-compensation land Download PDF

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CN101412641B
CN101412641B CN2008102261956A CN200810226195A CN101412641B CN 101412641 B CN101412641 B CN 101412641B CN 2008102261956 A CN2008102261956 A CN 2008102261956A CN 200810226195 A CN200810226195 A CN 200810226195A CN 101412641 B CN101412641 B CN 101412641B
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soil
cgmcc
soil fertility
requisition
nitrogen
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CN101412641A (en
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孙建光
徐晶
徐明岗
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Yixing Dadi Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
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Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning of CAAS
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Abstract

The invention provides a microorganism preparation for improving soil fertility of occupation and compensation land. The active composition of the microorganism preparation contains Trichoderma sp. CGMCC No.2744 and Brevibacillus sp. CGMCC No.2747. The preparation can increase the number of the microorganism in soil, improve a structure of the soil, increase organic matters and nitrogen nutrients and rapidly improve the soil fertility when matched with a stalk return field for use.

Description

A kind of microbial preparation that improves soil fertility of requisition-compensation land
Technical field
The present invention relates to biological technical field, relate to a kind of microbial preparation that improves soil fertility of requisition-compensation land particularly.
Background technology
The arable land (being called for short " account for and mend ground ") that construction takies post-compensation be meant plough built take after, according to the balance system of " account for and mend ", replenish the soil of using for agricultural by the consolidation exploitation.According to statistics, 15 " during, China's construction occupies cultivated land 1,641 ten thousand mu, and the same period, the compensation arable land was 2,140 ten thousand mu.Though account for and realized quantity balance or slightly increase with mending, generally there are serious quality problems but account for with mending, especially soil fertility is low, be embodied in that the soil organism and nitrogen nutrient content are low, soil microorganisms quantity is few, biological activity is low, the soil texture is bad, structural poor, cause crop growing state bad, yield poorly down.Along with The development in society and economy, account for the trend that further increase is still arranged with mending.Therefore, add conversion and mend the fertility reconstruction and the quickly breeding on ground, improve the integrated production capacity that accounts for additional cultivation ground, for the production potential of giving full play to these soils, realize the balance between occupying and compensation truly, guarantee that national food safety and national economy fast development have crucial strategic importance.
Aspect the soil organisms fertility, along with the day by day raising of people, have recognized that soil organisms, especially the microorganism in the soil to soil Sustainable Production Capability Requirement, importance on soil fertility and agricultural productivity proposes thus and has developed the soil organisms fertility.The soil organisms fertility is to live in that the organism based on microorganism is the contribution that the growth and development of plants desired nutritional provides in the soil.At chemical fertilizer is that bioprocess plays an important role to nutrition supply and plant-growth aspect in master's the agricultural system.A large amount of chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals and machinery input have not only increased cost, often are difficult to not reach expected effect; Microorganism plays indispensable effect for preservation of fertility and plant growth.Therefore, by using microbial fertilizer, access function microorganism in soil increases specific microbe population in the soil, improves the soil micro-ecosystem condition, has obtained remarkable effect in agriculture production.As increase the absorption of plant by symbiotic nitrogen fixation to nitrogen; The application function microorganism carries out low productive soil improvement and degenerated soil environment remediation etc.Soil organisms fertility and microbial fertilizer thereof by further investigation and progressively application, become one of effective measure of quickly breeding soil fertility as the new and high technology of contemporary agriculture production.
In microorganism to aspect organic decomposition and the soil ulmin formation, the forming process more complicated of soil ulmin, wherein microorganism has play a part crucially, particularly lignin degrading microbial function flora directly influences the formation of soil ulmin.After studies show that lignin material in the stalk is degraded by microorganisms, form the high molecular mixture with phenylpropyl alcohol alkane and amino acid generation co-polymerization, infrared spectra and NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) spectrum show contain in this mixture with agron in similar aromatic structure.It is that bacterial classification more than participates in, unites the process that works that lignin degradation and soil ulmin form, as the whiterot fungi of Mycophyta, brown rot fungus, soft-rot bacterium etc., the streptomycete of thermophilic actinomycete class, thermophilic actinomycete, micromonospora, Nocardia bacteria etc., and a lot of bacteriums such as subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens all play a part crucial.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem that will solve
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of microbial preparation that improves soil fertility of requisition-compensation land.
(2) technical scheme
Wood of the present invention mould (Trichoderma sp.), this bacterial strain have been preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms common micro-organisms center on November 17th, 2008, be called for short CGMCC, and deposit number is CGMCC No.
Figure G2008102261956D00021
Bacillus brevis of the present invention (Brevibacillus sp.), this bacterial strain have been preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms common micro-organisms center on November 17th, 2008, be called for short CGMCC, and deposit number is CGMCC No.
Figure G2008102261956D00022
Described bacillus brevis (GD448) is accredited as modification bacterial alpha subgroup series bacillus section bacillus brevis and belongs to (Brevibacillus sp.) through form, analysis of physio biochemical characteristics and 16s rDNA gene order homology analysis.GD448 bacterium optimum growth temperature is 28 ℃, and the suitableeest growth pH is pH7~8.
Described cellulose-decomposing bacterium (863Z-3) is accredited as wood mould (Trichoderma sp.) through form, analysis of physio biochemical characteristics and 16s rDNA gene order homology analysis.
The invention provides a kind of microbial preparation that improves soil fertility of requisition-compensation land, its activeconstituents contains wood mould (Trichoderma sp.) CGMCC No.
Figure G2008102261956D00023
And bacillus brevis (Brevibacillus sp.) CGMCC No.
Figure G2008102261956D00024
The invention also discloses this microbial preparation in application in agriculture, promptly be used to improve soil fertility of requisition-compensation land.
(3) beneficial effect
Microbial preparation of the present invention is used with straw-returning, can increase soil microorganisms quantity, improves Soil structure, improves to account for the soil organism and the nitrogen nutrient of mending ground, increases soil fertility rapidly.
Wood of the present invention mould (Trichoderma sp.), this bacterial strain have been preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms common micro-organisms center on November 17th, 2008, be called for short CGMCC, and deposit number is CGMCC No.
Figure G2008102261956D00031
Bacillus brevis of the present invention (Brevibacillus sp.), this bacterial strain have been preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms common micro-organisms center on November 17th, 2008, be called for short CGMCC, and deposit number is CGMCC No.
Embodiment
Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used for limiting protection scope of the present invention.
The concentration and separation of embodiment 1 cellulose-decomposing bacterium of the present invention
Respectively in Beijing, ground such as Hebei, Heilungkiang, the Inner Mongol gather samples such as agricultural land soil, forest soil, horsehit and rotten stalk and amount to 15 parts, adopt Hao Qixun (Hutchinson) substratum (KH 2PO 41.0g, NaNO 32.5g, MgSO 47H 2O 0.3g, NaCl 0.1g, CaCl 20.1g, FeCl 30.01g, agar 18.0g, water 1000mL pH7.2) adds a cover the initial gross separation that the filter paper method has been carried out bacterial classification, adopts corn stalk powder agar plate and wood dust agar plate further to carry out bacterial classification later on again and sieves again.
The preparation of stalk cellulose: maize straw is cut into 2~3cm segment, be crushed to 60 orders after the oven dry, sodium hydroxide solution to the solid-liquid weight ratio of adding 2% is 1: 4, at 85 ℃ of water bath processing 1h, be washed to pH for neutral, dry for standby (the wood dust treatment process is identical).
Through the repeated multiple times separation and purification, obtain decomposition of cellulose and the stronger fungi 863Z-3 of xylogen ability.
Embodiment 2 cellulose-decomposing bacterium of the present invention (863Z-3) strain characteristic determination experiments
1, utilizes the experiment of wood chip ability: will separate the fungi that obtains and be seeded on the wood chip plate culture medium, and, observe its upgrowth situation in 28 ℃ of cultivations.
The speed of growth of table 1 bacterial strain on the wood chip flat board
2, decompose the xylogen experiment
Test strain is inoculated into (the 250ml triangular flask adds 100ml nutritive medium and 1g wood dust) in the liquid lignin substratum, cultivated 6 days, observe its upgrowth situation in 28 ℃, 160rpm.
Table 2 bacterial strain decomposes the xylogen experimental result relatively
Figure G2008102261956D00042
Annotate: cross the sieve of 0.25mm (100 order) through the wood dust of alkaline purification, earlier nutrient solution is crossed the sieve of 0.5mm (50 order) when gathering, the wood chip of water flushing hypha body surface attachment is removed hypha body, filtrate is crossed 300 mesh filter screens again, obtains the residue wood dust, and oven dry.
3, high temperature resistant test
Be seeded on the PDA slant medium separating the fungi that obtains, place 30 ℃, 40 ℃, 50 ℃ incubator respectively, cultivated 3 days, observe its upgrowth situation.
Table 3 xylogen decomposer upgrowth situation under differing temps
Annotate: ++: bacterial strain can normal growth; +: bacterial strain is long or can not normal growth, but but return to normal temperature normal growth again;-: bacterial strain is not grown, and is dead.
The separation of embodiment 3 high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterial strains of the present invention
Get the 10g soil sample and put into 90ml sterilized water shaking table vibration 20min and make muddy liquid, draw 5ml and put into 30ml vinelandii enrichment culture liquid ACCC55 (composition is sucrose 10g, K 2HPO 43H 2O0.5g, NaCl 0.2g, CaCO 31g, MgSO 47H 2O 0.2g, distilled water 1000ml, pH7.0~7.2) in, 100rpm, 28 ℃ are carried out the shaking table shaking culture, renew bright nutrient solution behind the 72h and continue to cultivate.Carrying out the fixed nitrogen sporeformer after repeating to cultivate 3 times separates.
The above-mentioned vinelandii enrichment culture of absorption 1ml thing is put in the 9ml sterilized water makes 10 -1Extent of dilution continues dilution and makes 10 -2, 10 -3, 10 -4, 10 -5Dilution bacteria suspension heats 10min in 100 ℃ of boiling water, each extent of dilution of cooling back is got 0.1ml and is coated on the vinelandii isolation medium flat board, and 29 ℃ leave standstill cultivation.After 2~3d treated that bacterium colony forms, (composition was sucrose 10g, K on the ACCC55 vinelandii culture medium flat plate of improvement 2HPO 43H 2O 0.5g, NaCl 0.2g, CaCO 31g, MgSO 47H 2O 0.2g, yeast extract paste 0.5g, distilled water 1000ml, agar 1.5%~2.0%, pH7.0~7.2) carry out the bacterial classification purifying with plate streak.
The inoculation effect test of embodiment 4 high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterial strains of the present invention:
Select vegetable garden soil for use, cross the 2mm soil sieve.Test is selected diameter 13cm for use with basin, the plastic flowerpot of high 12cm, the about 700g of every basin dress soil.
1, grows seedlings: seed-coat sterilization: choose Plantula Brassicae chinensis seed of the same size and soak 5min, go alcohol with the 3%NaOCl solution surface 2min that sterilizes, go clorox with aseptic washing 6 times with 95% alcohol.Grow seedlings and transplant: the above-mentioned sterile soil of in pot for growing seedlings, packing into, water 3 seeds of permeable every alms bowl sowing, in intelligent illumination box, grow seedlings, treat that true leaf length transplants wholeheartedly the time to two leaves.Every pot transplanting one strain is carried out in the greenhouse.
2, pot experiment: 4 processing are established in test, promptly 1) no nitrogen control treatment (being designated as CK1), 2) chemical nitrogen fertilizer is handled (being designated as CK2), 3) breeding species inoculation processing (being designated as GD448) and 4) reference bacterium azotobacter chroococcum ACCC11103 control treatment (note is made ACCC11103).Each is handled three basins and repeats, 1 strain of every basin kind Plantula Brassicae chinensis, and completely random is arranged.
Plantula Brassicae chinensis is transplanted the processing that experimentizes two days later, and method is:
1) no nitrogen control treatment CK1, every basin waters 50ml Fahraeus does not have nitrogen plant nutrition liquid (composition: Na 2HPO 412H 2O 0.15g, MgSO 47H 2O 0.12g, ironic citrate 0.005g, CaCl 22H 2O0.1g, KH 2PO 40.1g, Gibson trace element 1ml, H 2O 1000ml, PH 6.5~7.0.Gibson liquid microelement: H 3BO 32.86g, ZnSO 47H 2O 0.22g, CuSO 45H 2O 0.08g, MnSO 44H 2O 2.03g, Na 2MoO 42H 2O 1.26g, H 2O 1000ml);
2) the every basin of nitrogenous fertilizer processing CK2 waters 50ml nitrogen pancebrin (composition: do not have adding 0.12g urea in the nitrogen plant nutrition liquid at 1000ml Fahraeus);
3) the breeding species inoculation handles 296, cultivates and collects 296 thalline, does not have nitrogen plant nutrition liquid washing thalline with Fahraeus, is diluted to OD 6001.5 every basin waters 50ml;
4) reference bacterium azotobacter chroococcum control treatment ACCC11103 cultivates and collects the ACCC11103 thalline, does not have nitrogen plant nutrition liquid washing thalline with Fahraeus, is diluted to OD 6001.5 every basin waters 50ml.
The management of Plantula Brassicae chinensis growing period is carried out according to ordinary method, and results are carried out analytical test after 30 days.
3, mensuration project and method: comprise plant growing way, biomass etc.The total nitrogen content of plant adopts KDY-9820 type kjeldahl apparatus to measure with reference to " soil agrochemistry analytical procedure ".Data analysis adopts the SPSS statistical analysis software to finish.
4, experimental result: as shown in table 4.
The inoculation nitrogen fixation efficiency of table 4 high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterial strain GD448
Figure G2008102261956D00061
Annotate: different 0.01 conspicuous level that reaches of same row capitalization different table differential, different 0.05 conspicuous level that reaches of lowercase different table differential.
Behind the Plantula Brassicae chinensis inoculation high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterial strain GD448, comparing the plant fresh weight with no nitrogen contrast increases by 187%, and dry weight increases by 172%, and the plant total nitrogen content increases by 210%, effect of inoculation has reached the equal effect of using chemical nitrogen fertilizer and inoculation vinelandii production bacterial classification, has production application prospect preferably.

Claims (4)

1. microbial preparation that improves soil fertility of requisition-compensation land, its activeconstituents contain mould (Trichoderma sp.) CGMCC No.2744 of wood and bacillus brevis (Brevibacillussp.) CGMCC No.2747.
2. a strain can cellulolytic wood mould (Trichoderma sp.) CGMCC No.2744.
3. bacillus brevis (Brevibacillus sp.) the CGMCC No.2747 that a strain can fixed nitrogen.
4. microbial preparation according to claim 1 is in application in agriculture.
CN2008102261956A 2008-11-17 2008-11-17 Microbial preparation for improving soil fertility of requisition-compensation land Expired - Fee Related CN101412641B (en)

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CN111378590B (en) * 2018-12-27 2022-02-18 有研资源环境技术研究院(北京)有限公司 Compound microbial agent and method for soil fertility improvement and ecological improvement by using same

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1341348A (en) * 2001-09-26 2002-03-27 山东大学 Preparation method of organic ecotypic soil-less culture medium
CN1594538A (en) * 2004-07-08 2005-03-16 中国海洋大学 Microbial community and its preparation method and use
CN1888055A (en) * 2006-07-13 2007-01-03 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 Fast harmless biological treating process of animal excrement and manure water

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1341348A (en) * 2001-09-26 2002-03-27 山东大学 Preparation method of organic ecotypic soil-less culture medium
CN1594538A (en) * 2004-07-08 2005-03-16 中国海洋大学 Microbial community and its preparation method and use
CN1888055A (en) * 2006-07-13 2007-01-03 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 Fast harmless biological treating process of animal excrement and manure water

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