CN101406309B - Method for preparing concentrated peptides of white fish and uses thereof - Google Patents
Method for preparing concentrated peptides of white fish and uses thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101406309B CN101406309B CN200810233533A CN200810233533A CN101406309B CN 101406309 B CN101406309 B CN 101406309B CN 200810233533 A CN200810233533 A CN 200810233533A CN 200810233533 A CN200810233533 A CN 200810233533A CN 101406309 B CN101406309 B CN 101406309B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing white fish concentrated peptide and application thereof, which belong to the field of food processing. The method for producing high-concentration active oligopeptide of fish by adoption of Yunan white fish as a main material and utilization of enzymatic degradation to obtain enzymatic hydrolysate of which the protein concentration is between 100 and 150 per liter, namely the white fish concentrated peptide. The white fish concentrated peptide is taken as a base material and mixed with substances with different efficacies to produce a functional oral liquid which is suitable for children, sportsmen, pregnant women, the elderly and brainworkers. By adoption of round-fish zymohydrolysis, the method has the advantages that the method avoids loss of nutritive components, saves cost, has good performance-price ratio and obvious economic benefit and social benefit, and is quite suitable for zymohydrolysis processing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of concentrated peptides of white fish preparation method and application thereof, belong to food processing field, especially contain the drinks of fish meat protein.
Background technology
There is abundant fresh-water fishes resource in Yunnan, and exploitation prospect is wide.Yet, because the tiny difficult removal of spur of fresh-water fishes itself is directly used inconvenient.Fresh-water fishes are grown in pond or the lake, and bilgy odour is quite dense, and local crowd even formation dislike eating the custom of fish.Yunnan fresh-water fishes utilization rate is lower at present, and the fishery-ies product processing capacity is less than 2%.
Fish contain high-quality protein, and amino acid contained ratio and human muscle's composition are approaching, are prone to be absorbed by the body.Especially the DHA (DHA) and the EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) that contain in the flesh of fish are the requisite high unsaturated fatty acids of human brain, and its ability activating brain cell promotes development of cerebral function, plays brain tonic, improves the effect of learning memory.Thereby the exploitation fish protein hydrolyzate has caused people's extensive interest.Through biotechnologys such as enzymolysis, the fish body protein is degraded into " liquid protein " that mainly is made up of the less oligopeptides of molecular weight (little peptide), concentrate through vacuum, be prepared into the high dense peptide liquid of concentration.Have based on the fish biologically active peptide and to be prone to digest and assimilate, to regulate effects such as immunity, hypotensive, reducing blood lipid, inhibition tumour; The fish biologically active peptide as the function factor composition; Be aided with different integration of drinking and medicinal herbs animals and plants compositions, develop the series functional foods that adapts to different crowd.
Peptide and protein all are the compounds that amino acid is joined together to form mutually with amido link, and the amino acid degree of polymerization of different is peptide is little, and polymerization degree of protein is big.For a long time, it is believed that after protein only is hydrolyzed into free amino acid and just can be absorbed.But research shows recently, and protein is after the hydrolysis of alimentary canal enzymatic, and oligopeptides (little peptide) form of mainly forming with 10 following amino acid is absorbed, especially 2-6 little peptides that amino acid is formed.Little peptide is digested and assimilated in intestines and stomach and is digested and assimilated all well than protein, free amino acid, and speed is fast, and it is synthetic to participate in protein directly, has therefore improved the utilization rate of body to protein.For patients such as gastricism, cirrhosis, renal failure, tumour are arranged; The absorption of food protein is had a strong impact on; Can not synthesize polypeptide in the body, it is very difficult to lean on general diet to supplement the nutrients, and directly taking, inject amino polypeptide this moment is exactly a kind of rapidly and effectively way.In recent years, proteolysis becomes low-molecular-weight little peptide, is digested and assimilated than more being prone to of preparing of amino acid by its medicine that makes, functional food, more can bring into play value, and this is that protein development from now on newly tends to.
The Yunnan whitefish, Minnoue (Anabarilius grahami), bodily form prolate, delicious meat is tender, and mouthfeel is good, however its individuality is little, and fishbone is many, and directly value is low.Whitefish is nutritious, protein content 20.9%, moisture 71.0%, fat 2.2%; Ash content 1.7% is compared with Yunnan grass carp, carp, silver carp, protein, amino acid content height; Moisture, fat content are low, and fish head, internal organ proportion are minimum, are the good raw materials of preparation biologically active peptide.
The present invention is intended to utilize Yunnan whitefish resources advantage, develops " liquefied protein " material-concentrated peptides of white fish,
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of is raw material by Yunnan fresh-water fishes-whitefish, through the method for enzyme degraded production fish high concentration, active oligopeptide.With the concentrated peptides of white fish is basic material, and the functional food of different demands is satisfied in other material production that is aided with different efficacies.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, be raw material with Yunnan fresh-water fishes-whitefish, through pre-treatment, enzymolysis, coarse filtration remove solid contents such as fish-bone, and floccule is removed in centrifugal filtration, and vacuum is concentrated into certain density enzymolysis liquid, i.e. concentrated peptides of white fish.With the concentrated peptides of white fish is basic material, is equipped with the material of different efficacies, and preparation adapts to the concentrated peptides of white fish functional oral liquid of different crowd.Concrete steps are set forth as follows:
1, pre-treatment
Fresh whitefish is put into 1%NaHCO
3In+5%NaCl the water, soaked 1-2 hours down, clean up with running water again at 20-60 ℃.Dry, the making beating adult fish is rotten.
2, enzymolysis
The rotten ratio in solid-to-liquid ratio 1:2-5 of fish adds pure water, places the enzymolysis pot, and mechanical agitation is even; Transferring pH value with 1-10%NaOH is 6.0-8.0; Be warming up to 40-70 ℃, the compound protease by the rotten weight adding 0.1%-0.5% of fish carries out enzyme digestion reaction again, is incubated 2-10 hours; Be warming up to 80-100 ℃, enzyme 15-20 minutes goes out.
Compound protease is that animal proteolytic enzyme, papain, trypsase, food flavor enzyme mix by the weight ratio of 0.1-1.0:0.1-1.0:0.1-1.0:0.1-1.0.
3, debitterize takes off raw meat
The whitefish zymolyte is carried out coarse filtration with 60 order filter clothes; Under 45-100 ℃, be sequentially added into 0.5-1.0% beta-schardinger dextrin-, 1-5.0% active carbon of filtrating weight, the glacial acetic acid of 0.01-0.1%; 30-60 minutes debitterizes of mechanical agitation take off raw meat; Carry out coarse filtration with 60 order filter clothes again, obtain limpid liquid.
4, centrifugal, vacuum filtration is made with extra care, and vacuum concentrates
The whitefish enzymolysis liquid that debitterize is taken off raw meat on centrifuge with 2000-10000r/min centrifugal 10-30 minutes is the unconcerned vacuum filtration of filter of 1KD with supernatant through molecular weight, and vacuum is concentrated into the concentrated peptides of white fish liquid that protein content is 100-150 grams per liters.
5, series function oral liquid
(1) concentrated peptides of white fish children, student's enhanced type functional oral liquid
Prescription: contain 100 parts of the concentrated peptides of white fish liquid weight of protein 100-150 grams per liters, 10-20 parts of honey, 0.2-0.4 part of zinc gluconate, 0.1 part of phytic acid calcium, 1 part of jujube extract, 0.1-0.5 part of taurine.
Preparation: each material by above-mentioned weight fraction adds and abundant mixing according to the order of sequence.Use the oral liquid bottle can of capacity, capping as 10ml.In 105 ℃ of heating 10min sterilization.Check, packing, products obtained therefrom is concentrated peptides of white fish children, student's enhanced type functional oral liquid.
(2) concentrated peptides of white fish middle-aged and old type functional oral liquid
Prescription: contain 100 parts of the concentrated peptides of white fish liquid weight of protein 100-150 grams per liters, 5 parts of xylitols, 5 parts in brown sugar, 10-20 parts of fruit juices, 1 part of controlling sulfate polyose, 1-10 parts of ginkgo extracts, 0.5 part of vanillic aldehyde.
Preparation: add according to the order of sequence and abundant mixing at each material with above-mentioned weight fraction.Use the oral liquid bottle can of capacity, capping as 10ml.In 105 ℃ of heating 10min sterilization.Check, packing, products obtained therefrom is concentrated peptides of white fish middle-aged and old type drinks.
(3) concentrated peptides of white fish anti-fatigue effect oral liquid
Prescription: 100 parts of concentrated peptides of white fish liquid weight that contain protein 100-150 grams per liters; Chinese medical extract (sanchi leaf: the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine: Radix Glycyrrhizae: matrimony vine: Radix Codonopsis, weight ratio are 1:1:0.5:1:1) 5-10 part, 7-12 parts of glucose; 0.01-0.02 part in essence, 4-6 parts of cocoa powers.
Preparation: add according to the order of sequence and abundant mixing at each material with above-mentioned weight fraction.Use the oral liquid bottle can of capacity, capping as 25ml.In 105 ℃ of heating 10min sterilization.Check, packing, products obtained therefrom is concentrated peptides of white fish antifatigue type functional oral liquid.
6, concentrated peptides of white fish liquid and functional oral liquid physical and chemical index, organoleptic indicator, sanitary index
Physical and chemical index: total nitrogen: 1.2-2.0g/100ml; Arsenic≤0.2mg/kg; Lead≤0.1mg/kg
The organoleptic indicator: faint yellow, limpid, there is not macroscopic impurity, mouthfeel is sweet and tasty.
Sanitary index: total number of bacteria≤10/ml; Coliform≤3 100ml; Pathogenic bacteria must not detect.
Concentrated peptides of white fish preparation method and application thereof; With nutritious Yunnan whitefish is the drinks that primary raw material develops; The composition such as protein, amino acid that contains abundant needed by human body is applicable to children, student, pregnant woman, the elderly, brain worker's albumen health food.Processing and fabricating is easy, can form the product of seriation, industrialization.
The specific embodiment
The preparation method of concentrated peptides of white fish liquid and application thereof are described further through following examples
Embodiment 1
Fresh whitefish is put into 1%NaHCO
3In+5%NaCl the water, soaked 2 hours down, clean up with running water again at 20 ℃.Dry is pulverized the adult fish gruel.Get the ratio adding pure water of fish gruel, place the enzymolysis pot, stir in solid-to-liquid ratio 1:2; Using the 1%NaOH adjust pH is 6.0, is warming up to 40 ℃, adds 0.1% compound protease by the rotten weight of fish again and is hydrolyzed; Be incubated after 10 hours, be warming up to 80 ℃ and keep 20 minutes enzymes that go out.The whitefish zymolyte is carried out coarse filtration with 60 order filter clothes, under 45 ℃, be sequentially added into 0.5% beta-schardinger dextrin-, 1% active carbon of filtrating weight, 0.01% glacial acetic acid, mechanical agitation 60 minutes is removed bitter taste, fishy smell.Carry out coarse filtration with 60 order filter clothes again, obtain limpid liquids.On centrifuge with 4000r/min centrifugal 10 minutes is the filter membrane vacuum filtration of 1KD with supernatant through molecular weight.It is 150 grams per liters that vacuum is concentrated into protein content, makes light yellow transparent concentrated peptides of white fish fluid product.
Embodiment 2
Fresh whitefish is put into 1%NaHCO
3In+5%NaCl the water, soaked 1.5 hours down, clean up with running water again at 40 ℃.Dry is pulverized the adult fish gruel.Get the ratio adding pure water of fish gruel, place the enzymolysis pot, stir in solid-to-liquid ratio 1:3; Using the 5%NaOH adjust pH is 7.0, is warming up to 50 ℃, adds 0.25% compound protease by the rotten weight of fish again and is hydrolyzed; Be incubated after 3 hours, be warming up to 90 ℃, enzyme 15 minutes goes out.The whitefish zymolyte is carried out coarse filtration with 60 order filter clothes remove impurity, under 70 ℃, be sequentially added into 0.8% beta-schardinger dextrin-, 1% active carbon of filtrating weight, 0.05% glacial acetic acid, mechanical agitation 30 minutes is removed bitter taste, fishy smell.Carry out coarse filtration with 60 order filter clothes, obtain limpid liquids.On centrifuge with 2000/min centrifugal 20 minutes is the filter membrane vacuum filtration of 1KD with supernatant through molecular weight.It is 100 grams per liters that vacuum is concentrated into protein content, makes light yellow transparent concentrated peptides of white fish fluid product.
Embodiment 3
Fresh whitefish is put into 1%NaHCO
3In+5%NaCl the water, soaked 1.0 hours down, clean up with running water again at 60 ℃.Dry is pulverized the adult fish gruel.Get the fish gruel and add pure water in the ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:5, stir, using the 10%NaOH adjust pH is 8.0, is warming up to 70 ℃, adds 0.5% compound protease by the rotten weight of fish again and carries out enzymolysis, is incubated after 2 hours, is warming up to 100 ℃, and enzyme 15 minutes goes out.The whitefish zymolyte is carried out coarse filtration with 60 order filter clothes remove impurity, under 70 ℃, be sequentially added into 1.0% beta-schardinger dextrin-, 3% active carbon of filtrating weight, 0.1% glacial acetic acid, mechanical agitation 40 minutes is removed bitter taste, fishy smell.Carry out coarse filtration with 60 order filter clothes, obtain limpid liquids.On centrifuge with 2000/min centrifugal 10 minutes is the filter membrane vacuum filtration of 1KD with supernatant through molecular weight.It is 125 grams per liters that vacuum is concentrated into protein content, makes light yellow transparent concentrated peptides of white fish fluid product.
In the above instance, compound protease is that animal proteolytic enzyme, papain, trypsase, food flavor enzyme mix by the weight ratio of 0.1-1.0:0.1-1.0:0.1-1.0:0.1-1.0.
With the protein concentration for preparing be 150 grams per liter concentrated peptides of white fish liquid as primary raw material, be equipped with other material of different efficacies, just can obtain the functional oral liquid of multiple concentrated peptides of white fish.
Embodiment 4
The preparation of children, student's enhanced type concentrated peptides of white fish functional oral liquid
Get protein concentration and be 100 parts of the concentrated peptides of white fish liquid weight of 150 grams per liters, add 10 parts of honey, 0.01 part of essence, 0.4 part of zinc gluconate, 0.1 part of phytic acid calcium, 1 part of jujube extract, 0.5 part of taurine.Carry out mixing preparation according to the order of sequence.Oral liquid bottle with 10ml is packed, and after the capping 105 ℃, the 10Min sterilization.Make and adapt to children, student crowd's enhanced type oral liquid.
Embodiment 5
The preparation of middle-aged and old type concentrated peptides of white fish functional oral liquid
Get protein concentration and be 100 parts of the concentrated peptides of white fish liquid weight of 100 grams per liters, add 5 parts of xylitols, 5 portions of brown sugar, 10 portions of fruit juices, 0.5 part of 1 part of controlling sulfate polyose, 5 parts of ginkgo extracts, vanillic aldehyde, mixing preparation according to the order of sequence.Oral liquid bottle with 10ml is packed, and after the capping 105 ℃, the 10Min sterilization.Make the concentrated peptides of white fish functional oral liquid that adapts to mid-aged population.
Embodiment 6
The preparation of antifatigue concentrated peptides of white fish type functional oral liquid
Get protein concentration and be 100 parts of the concentrated peptides of white fish liquid weight of 150 grams per liters, add 5 parts of Chinese medicine extracts (sanchi leaf, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, Radix Glycyrrhizae, matrimony vine, Radix Codonopsis), 8 parts of glucose, 0.01-0.02 essence, 4-6 portions of cocoa powers etc. are allocated.Use capacity to be the oral liquid bottle of 25ml packing, after the capping 105 ℃, the 10min sterilization.
Claims (1)
1. a concentrated peptides of white fish preparation method is a raw material with fresh Yunnan whitefish, through the method that fish high concentration, active oligopeptide are produced in the enzyme degraded, it is characterized in that by following processing step processing:
(1) fresh whitefish is put into 1%NaHCO
3In+5%NaCl the water, soaked 1-2 hour down at 20-60 ℃, clean up with running water, control the part of anhydrating, the making beating adult fish is rotten;
(2) the rotten ratio in solid-to-liquid ratio 1: 2-5 of fish adds pure water, places the enzymolysis pot, and mechanical agitation is even; Use 1-10%NaOH to transfer pH value to be 6.0-8.0; Be warming up to 40-70 ℃, the compound protease by the rotten weight adding 0.1%-0.5% of fish carries out enzyme digestion reaction again, is incubated 2-10 hour; Be warming up to 80-100 ℃, went out enzyme 15-20 minute;
(3) compound protease is that animal proteolytic enzyme, papain, trypsase, food flavor enzyme mix by the weight ratio of 0.1-1.0: 0.1-1.0: 0.1-1.0: 0.1-1.0;
(4) the whitefish zymolyte is carried out coarse filtration with 60 order filter clothes; Under 45-100 ℃, be sequentially added into 0.5-1.0% beta-schardinger dextrin-, the 1-5.0% active carbon of filtrating weight, the glacial acetic acid of 0.01-0.1%; Debitterize took off raw meat in mechanical agitation 30-60 minute; Carry out coarse filtration with 60 order filter clothes again, obtain limpid liquid;
(5) the whitefish enzymolysis liquid that debitterize is taken off raw meat with the centrifugal 10-30 of 2000-10000r/min minute, is the unconcerned vacuum filtration of filter of 1KD with supernatant through molecular weight on centrifuge, and vacuum is concentrated into the concentrated peptides of white fish liquid that protein content is the 100-150 grams per liter.
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| CN101836687B (en) * | 2010-02-08 | 2012-10-31 | 江南大学 | Preparation method of instant fresh water fish peptide powder |
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| CN108294316A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-07-20 | 荣成鸿德海洋生物科技有限公司 | A kind of enzymolysis of fish proteins polypeptide compound oral liquid and preparation method thereof |
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