CN101378838B - 注射装置 - Google Patents

注射装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101378838B
CN101378838B CN2007800050225A CN200780005022A CN101378838B CN 101378838 B CN101378838 B CN 101378838B CN 2007800050225 A CN2007800050225 A CN 2007800050225A CN 200780005022 A CN200780005022 A CN 200780005022A CN 101378838 B CN101378838 B CN 101378838B
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conduit
nozzle head
discharge pipe
liquid reagent
nozzles
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CN2007800050225A
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CN101378838A (zh
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M·布洛姆奎斯特
M·索塞尔
S·安德森
C·阿克伦德
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STT IMTEKE AB
STT Emtec AB
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STT IMTEKE AB
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B05B7/0441—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber
    • B05B7/0466—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber with means for deflecting the central liquid flow towards the peripheral gas flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
    • B01D47/06—Spray cleaning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/90—Injecting reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/50—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B05B7/0441—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber
    • B05B7/045—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber the gas and liquid flows being parallel just upstream the mixing chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
    • F01N3/0253—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust adding fuel to exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/36—Arrangements for supply of additional fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/08—Adding substances to exhaust gases with prior mixing of the substances with a gas, e.g. air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1453—Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于将液体试剂，例如燃料或还原剂，注入来自燃烧引擎的排出管线内的装置。所述装置(1)包括具有喷嘴头(21)的喷嘴布置(20)，从所述喷嘴头，所述液体试剂可被注入所述排出管线内。所述喷嘴布置(20)包括通往所述喷嘴头(21)以便将压缩气体供应至所述喷嘴头的第一导管(22)和通往所述喷嘴头(21)以便将所述液体试剂供应至所述喷嘴头的第二导管(23)，所述压缩气体优选以压缩空气的形式存在。所述喷嘴头(21)设有被连接至所述第一导管(22)且被连接至所述第二导管(23)的至少一个出口孔(24)，通过所述出口孔，所述液体试剂可在位于所述喷嘴头内部的混合区域(25)中与压缩气体混合之后在所述液体试剂产生雾化的情况下被注入所述排出管线内。

Description

注射装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于将液体试剂，例如燃料或还原剂，注入来自燃烧引擎的排出管线内的装置，所述装置包括具有喷嘴头的喷嘴布置，从所述喷嘴头，所述液体试剂可被注入到所述排出管线内。
背景技术
以前例如在FR 2 829 180A1和GB 2 064 983A中已公知地披露了上述类型的用于将燃料注入位于氧化催化剂上游的排出管线内从而使被布置在位于该氧化催化剂下游的排出管线中的颗粒过滤器实现再生的注射装置。在根据FR 2 829 180A1所述的注射装置中，燃料在混合室中与压缩空气混合，由此将燃料/空气混合物导向喷嘴，所述喷嘴在燃料产生雾化的情况下将该混合物注入排出管线内。在根据GB 2 064983A所述的注射装置中，燃料经由被布置在排出管线中的喷嘴被注入排出管线内，而不会预先与压缩空气混合。已经发现：当使用这些前述已公知类型的注射装置时，难以使排出气体中的燃料实现令人满意的雾化。
以前例如在US 6 273 120B1中已公知地披露了所提到的通过引导而将还原剂注入位于SCR催化剂(SCR＝选择性催化还原)上游的排出管线内的那类注射装置。在根据US 6 273 120B1所述的注射装置中，还原剂在混合室中与压缩空气混合，由此该还原剂/空气混合物被导向喷嘴，所述喷嘴在还原剂产生雾化的情况下将该混合物注入到排出管线内。已经发现：当利用这种前述已公知类型的注射装置时，难以使排出气体中的还原剂实现令人满意的雾化。
发明目的
本发明的目的在于提供一种用于将液体试剂注入来自燃烧引擎的排出管线内的装置，所述装置使得流动通过所述排出管线的排出气体中的液体试剂有可能被良好地雾化且所述装置同时使得被注入所述排出管线内的液体试剂的量有可能发生快速变化。
发明内容
根据本发明，所述目的是通过具有权利要求1所述特征的注射装置来实现的。
本发明的注射装置包括具有喷嘴头的喷嘴布置，从所述喷嘴头，液体试剂可被注入到排出管线内，其中：
-所述喷嘴布置包括通往所述喷嘴头以便将压缩气体供应至所述喷嘴头的第一导管和通往所述喷嘴头以便将所述液体试剂供应至所述喷嘴头的第二导管，所述压缩气体优选以压缩空气的形式存在；和
-所述喷嘴头设有被连接至所述第一导管且被连接至所述第二导管的至少一个出口孔，通过所述出口孔，所述液体试剂可在位于所述喷嘴头内部的混合区域中与压缩气体混合之后在所述液体试剂产生雾化的情况下被注入到所述排出管线内。
通过允许所述液体试剂在所述喷嘴头内部与压缩气体混合，即，在因此获得的混合物就要借助于所述出口孔而从所述喷嘴头中被喷出之前的有限空间中与所述压缩气体混合，所述液体试剂的定量配给的变化将对经由所述喷嘴头而被注入到所述排出管线内的液体试剂的量产生非常迅速的影响。同时，当所述液体试剂在所述喷嘴头内被混入压缩气体流内时，实现了所述液体试剂的第一次雾化，且当所述液体试剂与所述气体一起经由所述喷嘴头的所述出口孔被注入所述排出管线内时，实现了所述液体试剂的进一步雾化。由此，将有可能令人满意地实现所述液体试剂的雾化。
本发明的一个实施例的特征在于：
-所述装置包括阀壳体，所述阀壳体被连接至所述喷嘴布置且所述阀壳体容纳着用于对将压缩气体和液体试剂供应至所述喷嘴布置的所述第一导管和所述第二导管的这种供应进行控制的阀；
-所述第一导管和所述第二导管形成了共用的导管管道，且所述第一导管被布置在所述第二导管的外部上；和
-所述导管管道在一端处被附接到所述阀壳体上且在其另一端处被附接到所述喷嘴头上且由此将所述阀壳体连接到所述喷嘴头上。
通过将分别用于压缩气体和液体试剂的两条导管组合成共用的导管管道，使得仅需要在所述阀壳体与所述喷嘴头之间设置一条导管管道，这有利于将本发明的注射装置安装在排出管线处。由于所述第一导管围绕着所述第二导管的事实，因此，此外，所述第一导管将形成用于所述第二导管的机械保护性保护盖并且在将所述注射装置安装在排出管线处的安装过程中和在所述安装过程之后防止所述第二导管受到冲击和撞击。这种保护效应在旨在用于液体试剂的所述第二导管相对较薄且带有薄壁时是特别重要的，而使所述第二导管相对较薄且带有薄壁通常是本文所讨论类型的注射装置中所希望的。
根据本发明的另一实施例，所述喷嘴头包括被连接至所述第一导管以便将压缩气体引导至所述出口孔的第一通道和被连接至所述第二导管的第二通道，其中被连接至所述第二通道的一个或多个入口孔通往所述第一通道，且相应的入口孔被布置成使得允许压缩气体流经所述入口孔而流动通过所述第一通道且将流出所述入口孔的液体试剂载运至所述出口孔。所述液体试剂因此被引入流动通过所述第一通道的压缩气体内，从而使得允许该气体使流入所述第一通道内的所述试剂高效地受到雾化效应的作用。
根据本发明的另一实施例，所述喷嘴头被布置在所述排出管线内部，且所述第一导管和所述第二导管的至少那些延伸进入所述排出管线内到达所述喷嘴头的部分被共轴地布置成彼此相关，且所述第一导管被布置在所述第二导管的外部上。由此，相对于同时处在所述第二导管中的所述液体试剂而言，在注射还原剂的过程中流动通过所述第一导管的压缩气体可具有冷却和热绝缘效应。由此，使得有可能以简单且高效的方式防止由所述排出管线中的热排出气体进行的热传递导致所述液体试剂在其通过所述第二导管到达所述喷嘴头的过程中产生不希望的过热。
根据本发明的另一实施例，所述喷嘴头中的所述出口孔具有与流动通过所述排出管线的排出气体的旨在沿循的流动方向相反的取向。这因此意味着：所述液体试剂沿所述排出管线的逆流方向被注入所述排出管线内，由此使得与常规设计的注射装置相比，被注射的液滴将被运输更长的距离且在所述排出管线中停留更长的时间，在所述常规设计的注射装置中，注射是沿着所述排出管线的流动方向进行的。所述液滴在所述排出管线中停留更长的时间将增加在液滴到达被布置在所述喷嘴头下游的催化剂之前确保所述液滴产生所需汽化的可能性。
根据本发明的另一实施例，所述装置包括被布置成产生表示所述喷嘴布置的所述第一导管中的气动压力的压力值的压力传感器、和电子控制单元，所述电子控制单元被连接至所述压力传感器且被布置成基于所述压力值来产生与所述喷嘴布置的功能性相关的信息。所述电子控制单元可例如适于通过分析所述压力值而对所述喷嘴头的所述出口孔产生的堵塞或者对所述喷嘴布置产生的影响了所述第一导管中的压力的任何其它故障，例如喷嘴头的丢失或者泄漏，进行检测。
根据本发明的另一实施例，所述装置包括旨在接收所述压缩气体的第一气体入口、和第二气体入口，所述第二气体入口被连接至所述喷嘴布置的所述第一导管和所述第二导管中的至少一条导管并且旨在接收来自所述燃烧引擎的所述入口空气通道的压缩空气，以使得该空气有可能被排放通过所述喷嘴头的所述出口孔并且由此减轻所述出口孔在没有通过所述喷嘴头注射所述压缩气体和/或所述液体试剂的期间产生的堵塞。由此，有可能以简单的方式减轻由于流动通过所述排出管线的排出气体而导致所述出口孔产生的堵塞。
通过所附权利要求书和随后的描述将更易于理解本发明的其它优选实施例。
本发明还涉及本发明的装置在机动车辆中以便将燃料注入排出管线内的应用，所述排出管线是来自所述机动车辆的燃烧引擎且位于被布置在所述排出管线中的氧化催化剂上游的排出管线，所述注射与被布置在位于所述氧化催化剂下游的排出管线中的过滤器的再生相结合或者与被布置在位于所述氧化催化剂下游的所述排出管线中的NOx捕集器的再生相结合。此外，本发明涉及本发明的装置在机动车辆中以便将还原剂注入排出管线内的应用，所述排出管线是来自所述机动车辆的燃烧引擎且位于被布置在所述排出管线中的选择性催化还原催化剂或贫NOx催化剂上游的排出管线。
附图说明
下面将通过典型实施例并结合附图对本发明进行更详细地描述。如图中所示：
图1是根据本发明的装置的示意性部分剖切侧面图，且正如细节放大图所示，喷嘴头被包括在该装置中；
图2是与燃烧引擎相结合的根据本发明的装置的略图；和
图3是图1所示装置的部件的示意性前视图。
具体实施方式
图1和图2示出了根据本发明的用于将液体试剂，例如燃料或还原剂，注入来自燃烧引擎3的排出管线2内的装置1。装置1包括具有喷嘴头21的喷嘴布置20，液体试剂旨在从所述喷嘴头被注入排出管线内。喷嘴布置20包括通往喷嘴头21以便将压缩气体供应至所述喷嘴头的第一导管22和通往喷嘴头21以便将所述液体试剂供应至所述喷嘴头的第二导管23，所述压缩气体优选以压缩空气的形式存在。喷嘴头21设有被连接至第一导管22且被连接至第二导管23的出口孔24，通过所述出口孔，所述液体试剂可在位于所述喷嘴头内部的混合区域中与压缩气体混合之后在所述液体试剂产生雾化的情况下被注入所述排出管线内。在所示实例中，喷嘴头21设有一个这种出口孔24，但另一种可选方式是，可在喷嘴头中布置两个或更多个这种出口孔24。
在图1所示的实施例中，喷嘴头21包括被连接至第一导管22以便将压缩气体引导至出口孔24的第一通道26和被连接至第二导管23的第二通道27。被连接至第二通道27的一个或多个入口孔28通往第一通道26，相应的入口孔28被布置成使得允许压缩气体流经入口孔28而流动通过第一通道26且将流出所述入口孔的液体试剂载运至出口孔24。第二通道27因此通过所述入口孔28与第一通道26流体连通。第一通道26和第二通道27以适当方式被共轴地布置成彼此相关，如图1所示，第一通道26优选被布置在第二通道27的外部上。在如图所示的实例中，相应的入口孔28在第一通道26与第二通道27之间沿径向，即与所述通道26、27的中心轴线径向相关地，进行延伸，由此使得液体试剂将与流经入口孔28而流动通过第一通道26的压缩气体的流动方向大体上垂直地流入该气体内。在本实例中，上面提到的混合区域25因此是由第一通道26的在入口孔28与出口孔24之间延伸的部分形成的。当试剂借助于入口孔28进入混合区域25内且随后与压缩气体一起被进一步输运至出口孔24且通过该出口孔被输运出来时，所述液体试剂通过压缩气体而产生雾化并与所述压缩气体混合。在通过出口孔24时，液体试剂发生了进一步地雾化。入口孔28的数量适当地为两个或更多个且沿第二通道的周向方向被分布。
装置1进一步包括被连接至喷嘴布置20的阀布置30，所述阀布置包括用于对将压缩气体和液体试剂供应至所述喷嘴布置的导管22、23的这种供应进行控制的阀31、32、33。在所示实例中，这些阀31、32、33被安装在共用的阀壳体34中。
所述第一导管22和所述第二导管23形成了共用导管管道29，且第一导管22被布置在第二导管23的外部上。该导管管道29在一端处被附接到阀壳体34上且在其另一端处被附接到喷嘴头21上且由此将阀壳体34连接到喷嘴头21上。第一导管22适当地由耐热材料的柔性管道，例如Teflon管道或波纹钢管，形成，且可例如具有约10-15mm的外径。第二导管23适当地由薄且带有薄壁的钢管形成且由此是可弯曲的，且可例如具有约2mm的内径和约3-4mm的外径。
阀布置30包括调节阀31，所述调节阀对将液体试剂供应至所述喷嘴布置的第二导管23的这种供应进行控制。该调节阀31适当地为脉冲宽度调制注射法。通过该阀31，可能对要被注入排出管线内的液体试剂的量，即液体试剂的定量配给，进行控制。在所示实施例中，旨在接收所述液体试剂的入口35被布置在阀壳体34中。液体试剂可从入口35被引出并借助于调节阀31被引入第二导管23内。压力调节器36被布置在阀壳体34中以便确保经由入口35而被引导至调节阀31的液体试剂达到所需压力。
阀布置30进一步包括第一控制阀32，通过所述第一控制阀，喷嘴布置的第一导管22可被连接至压缩气体源，所述压缩气体源适当地以压缩空气源的形式存在。因此使得可能通过该控制阀32来对将压缩气体供应至第一导管22的这种供应进行控制。在所示实例中，第一控制阀32是三通阀。
在所示实例中，阀布置30还包括第二控制阀33，通过所述第二控制阀，喷嘴布置的第二导管23可被连接至所述压缩气体源，以便在所需情况下通过进行鼓风来对第二导管23进行清洗。因此可能通过该控制阀33对将压缩气体供应至第二导管23的这种供应进行控制。
在所示实施例中，第一气体入口37和第二气体入口38被布置在阀壳体34中。第一气体入口37旨在接收所述压缩气体。压缩气体可从第一气体入口37被引出并借助于第一控制阀32被引入第一导管22内，且该气体可从第一气体入口37被引出并借助于第二控制阀33被引入第二导管23内。第二气体入口38旨在接收来自压缩引擎的入口空气通道的压缩空气。空气可从第二气体入口38被引出并借助于第一控制阀32被引入第一导管22内。因此，借助于第二气体入口38被接收的压缩空气可借助于第一导管22被引导至喷嘴头21，以便通过喷嘴头的出口孔24被排出且由此减轻所述出口孔在没有通过喷嘴头21注射所述压缩气体和/或所述液体试剂的期间产生的堵塞。
喷嘴布置20借助于互连机构39被连接至阀布置30。在所示实例中，喷嘴布置20的第二导管23延伸进入被布置在阀壳体34中的出口通道40内一定距离。被接收在出口通道40中的导管23的端部借助于套筒形保持构件41而在出口通道中被保持在其适当位置处，所述套筒形保持构件沿径向方向支承导管23。该保持构件41与导管23一起将出口通道40分成用于接收来自调节阀31的液体试剂的第一空间40a和用于接收压缩气体的第二空间40b。被连接至控制阀32的通道42通往第二空间40b，且该通道42借助于位于保持构件41中的开口43被连接至喷嘴布置20的第一导管22。被连接至控制阀33的通道44通往第一空间40a以便使得可能通过压缩气体对第二导管23进行清洗。
在所示实例中，装置1包括被布置成产生表示所述喷嘴布置的第一导管22中的气动压力的压力值的压力传感器45。压力传感器45被安装在阀壳体34中且借助于在该压力传感器与出口通道40之间延伸的通道46与第一导管22连通。压力传感器45被连接至电子控制单元50(参见图2)，所述电子控制单元被布置成基于所述压力值来产生与喷嘴布置20和/或阀布置30的功能性相关的信息。电子控制单元50有利地适于通过分析所述压力值而对所述喷嘴头的出口孔24产生的堵塞和/或喷嘴布置20的泄漏和/或受损或丢失的喷嘴头进行检测。当压缩气体被引导通过喷嘴布置以便例如在将液体试剂注入排出管线内之前和/或之后通过鼓风对喷嘴布置进行清洗时适当地实施这种检测。
在所示实例中，装置1还包括被布置成产生表示位于调节阀31上游的液体试剂的液压压力的压力值的压力传感器47。该压力传感器47被安装在阀壳体34中且借助于在压力传感器47与该入口通道48之间延伸的通道49与被布置在阀壳体中的用于液体试剂的入口通道48连通。此外，压力传感器47可被连接至所述电子控制单元50，如图2所示。
喷嘴头21被适当地布置在排出管线内部，如图1和图2所示。在本实例中，有利的做法是，将第一导管22和第二导管23的延伸进入排出管线内而达到喷嘴头21的部分布置成共轴地彼此相关，且第一导管22被布置在第二导管23的外部上。第一导管22和第二导管23在介于阀壳体34与喷嘴头21之间的整个范围内都以适当方式被共轴地布置成彼此相关。
为了增加液体试剂在排出气体中的停留时间，即液体试剂在被注入排出管线内之后在与排出气体一起到达旨在使用的催化剂之前与排出管线中的排出气体接触期间的时间，喷嘴头的出口孔24有利地具有与流动通过所述排出管线的排出气体的旨在沿循的流动方向相反的取向，如图1和图2所示。该流动方向由图1和图2中的箭头P1所示。在所示实例中，喷嘴头21被布置在排出管线内部，位于其中心，且具有与流动通过排出管线的排出气体的旨在沿循的流动方向相反的取向。
导引构件60被有利地布置在位于喷嘴头21下游的排出管线2中，所述导引构件60被布置成被排出气体流动通过并且在经过的排出气体中形成了紊流，从而由此促进了伴随排出气体的液体试剂在借助于喷嘴头21被注入排出管线2内之后产生的分散。由此，使得提高了在排出气体中的液体试剂到达旨在使用的催化剂之前所述试剂被均匀分散和迅速汽化的可能性。导引构件60还有助于捕获在被注入排出管线2内之后仍未汽化的液体试剂的液滴。
下面将结合图2对图1所示类型的装置1的运行进行描述。图2示出了装置1被用于机动车辆中以便将以燃料形式存在的液体试剂注入排出管线2内的应用场合，所述排出管线是来自机动车辆的燃烧引擎3且位于被布置在排出管线中的氧化催化剂4的上游的排出管线，所述注射与被布置在位于所述氧化催化剂下游的排出管线中的过滤器5的再生相结合。然而，本发明的装置1还可用于机动车辆中以便将以燃料形式存在的液体试剂注入该排出管线中，所述排出管线是来自机动车辆的燃烧引擎且位于被布置在排出管线中的氧化催化剂的上游的排出管线，所述注射与被布置在位于所述氧化催化剂下游的排出管线中的NOx捕集器的再生和脱硫相结合。此外，本发明的装置1可用于机动车辆中以便将以还原剂，例如尿素或燃料，的形式存在的液体试剂注入排出管线内，所述排出管线是来自机动车辆的燃烧引擎且位于被布置在排出管线中的选择性催化还原催化剂或贫NOx催化剂的上游的排出管线。
在如图2所示的实例中，装置1包括燃料接收器70，所述燃料接收器借助于供应导管71被连接至阀壳体34中的上述入口35。泵72被布置在供应导管71中以便将来自接收器70的燃料供应至阀布置30的调节阀31。燃料过滤器74还被布置在供应导管71中。返回导管73借助于阀壳体34中的出口35′将来自阀布置30的过多燃料引回燃料接收器70。燃料接收器70被连接进入在燃烧引擎3与燃料罐6之间延伸的返回燃料导管7内，以便接收来自燃烧引擎的返回燃料。所述燃料罐6构成了用于机动车辆的引擎燃料的常备罐。
空气借助于空气入口8被传送至燃烧引擎3，如图2示意性示出地，空气过滤器9可被布置成与所述空气入口相邻。空气通过通常被标记为10的入口空气通道被导向燃烧引擎的燃烧室。在图2所示的实例中，机动车辆设有涡轮增压机11，所述涡轮增压机包括用于在过压的情况下将空气供给至燃烧引擎的压缩机转轮11a和被设置成通过被排出燃烧引擎的排出气体的启动而进行旋转的涡轮机转轮11b。压缩机转轮11a和涡轮机转轮11b例如通过被设置在同一根轴11c上而彼此操作性地相联。正如增压中通常出现的情况那样，空气可在被加压成超压力之后在增压空气冷却器12(中间冷却器)中受到冷却。被排出燃烧引擎3的排出气体在排出管线2中移动且借助于排出气体出口13进入周围环境内。图2示出了排出气体在借助于排出气体出口13进入周围环境内之前是通过何种方式被引导通过上述氧化催化剂4和过滤器5的。过滤器5被布置成从颗粒组分中放出排出气体。在所示实例中，喷嘴头21被布置在排出管线2中介于涡轮机转轮11b与氧化催化剂4之间，且其出口孔24具有与流动通过排出管线2的排出气体的流动方向相反的取向。阀布置30的上述第二气体入口38借助于导管14被连接至位于压缩机转轮11a下游的入口空气通道10以便接收已经被压缩机转轮压缩的空气。止回阀15被适当地布置在该导管14中，如图2所示。在所示实例中，导管14被连接至位于增压空气冷却器12与燃烧引擎3之间的空气入口通道10。阀布置30的上述第一气体入口37借助于导管16被连接至压缩空气源17。止回阀18被适当地布置在该导管16中，如图2所示。根据来自电子控制单元50的控制信号对阀布置的调节阀31和控制阀32、33进行控制，所述电子控制单元适于根据预定参数将控制信号发送给所述阀31、32、33。这些参数可例如包括氧化催化剂4上游的排出气体温度、过滤器5下游的排出气体温度、排出质量流、过滤器5上的排出气体的压力降等。在所示实例中，电子控制单元50还被连接至上述压力传感器47、45以便从这些传感器中接收分别与调节阀31上游的燃料压力和喷嘴布置20的上述第一导管22中的压力相关的测量值。
在燃料被注入排出管线2内之前，控制阀33被打开以便通过来自压缩空气源17的压缩空气对阀布置的燃料导管23，即上述第二导管，进行清洗。在该清洗过程中，调节阀31被保持处于关闭状态。其后，控制阀33被关闭并且将控制阀32置成使喷嘴布置的空气导管22，即上述第一导管，与压缩空气源17连通。通过打开调节阀31，燃料被引入燃料导管23内以便在喷嘴头21中的混合区域25中与压缩空气混合并且以便借助于喷嘴头的出口孔24与压缩气体一起被注入排出管线2内。当已经注入足够的燃料时，控制阀33被打开以便通过鼓风对燃料导管23进行清洗。调节阀31在进行该清洗的情况下且直到下一次注射的过程中被保持处于关闭状态。在清洗后，控制阀33被关闭并且将控制阀32置成使空气导管22与燃烧引擎的入口空气通道10连通以便将增压空气供应通过空气导管22且进一步通过喷嘴头的出口孔24排出。当该要进行下一次燃料注射时，将控制阀32置成切断空气入口通道10与空气导管22之间的连接，并且重复上述过程。还可在利用根据本发明的装置将还原剂注入来自燃烧引擎的排出管线内时利用此处描述的过程。
本发明当然绝不限于上述优选实施例。相反，本领域的技术人员应该易于理解：有可能对本发明作出多种变型而不会由此偏离在所附权利要求书中限定的本发明的基本思想。

Claims (14)

1.一种用于将液体试剂注入来自燃烧引擎的排出管线内的装置，所述装置(1)包括具有喷嘴头(21)的喷嘴布置(20)，从所述喷嘴头，所述液体试剂可被注入所述排出管线内，其特征在于：
-所述喷嘴布置(20)包括通往所述喷嘴头(21)以便将压缩气体供应至所述喷嘴头的第一导管(22)和通往所述喷嘴头(21)以便将所述液体试剂供应至所述喷嘴头的第二导管(23)；和
-所述喷嘴头(21)设有被连接至所述第一导管(22)且被连接至所述第二导管(23)的至少一个出口孔(24)，通过所述出口孔，所述液体试剂可在位于所述喷嘴头内部的混合区域(25)中与压缩气体混合之后在所述液体试剂产生雾化的情况下被注入所述排出管线内，
所述装置(1)包括旨在接收所述压缩气体的第一气体入口(37)、和第二气体入口(38)，所述第二气体入口被连接至所述喷嘴布置(20)的所述第一和第二导管(22、23)中的至少一条导管并且旨在接收来自所述燃烧引擎的所述入口空气通道的压缩空气，以使得该空气有可能被排放通过所述喷嘴头的所述出口孔(24)并且由此减轻所述出口孔在没有经由所述喷嘴头(21)注射所述压缩气体和/或所述液体试剂的期间产生的堵塞。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于：
-所述装置(1)包括阀壳体(34)，所述阀壳体被连接至所述喷嘴布置(20)且所述阀壳体容纳着用于对将压缩气体和液体试剂供应至所述喷嘴布置(20)的所述第一和第二导管(22、23)的这种供应进行控制的阀(31、32、33)；
-所述第一和第二导管(22、23)形成了共用的导管管道(29)，且所述第一导管(22)被布置在所述第二导管(23)的外部上；和
-所述导管管道(29)在一端处被附接到所述阀壳体(34)上且在其另一端处被附接到所述喷嘴头(21)上且由此将所述阀壳体(34)连接到所述喷嘴头(21)上。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，所述喷嘴头(21)包括被连接至所述第一导管(22)以便将压缩气体引导至所述出口孔(24)的第一通道(26)和被连接至所述第二导管(23)的第二通道(27)，且被连接至所述第二通道(27)的一个或多个入口孔(28)通往所述第 一通道(26)，相应的入口孔(28)被布置成使得允许压缩气体流经所述入口孔(28)而流动通过所述第一通道(26)且将流出所述入口孔的液体试剂载运至所述出口孔(24)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一通道(26)和所述第二通道(27)被共轴地布置。
5.根据权利要求4所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一通道(26)被布置在所述第二通道(27)的外部上。
6.根据权利要求4或5所述的装置，其特征在于，所述入口孔(28)在所述第二通道(27)与所述第一通道(26)之间沿径向进行延伸。
7.根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，所述入口孔(28)的数量为两个或更多个且沿所述第二通道的周向方向进行分布。
8.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述喷嘴头(21)被布置在所述排出管线内部，且所述第一导管(22)和所述第二导管(23)的至少那些延伸进入所述排出管线内到达所述喷嘴头的部分被共轴地布置，且所述第一导管(22)被布置在所述第二导管(23)的外部上。
9.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述喷嘴头(21)的所述出口孔(24)具有与流动通过所述排出管线的排出气体的旨在沿循的流动方向相反的取向。
10.根据权利要求9所述的装置，其特征在于，所述喷嘴头(21)被布置在所述排出管线内部，且具有与流动通过所述排出管线的排出气体的旨在沿循的流动方向相反的取向。
11.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置(1)包括：
-被布置成产生表示所述喷嘴布置(20)的所述第一导管(22)中的气动压力的压力值的压力传感器(45)；和
-被连接至所述压力传感器(45)的控制单元(50)，所述控制单元布置成基于所述压力值来产生与所述喷嘴布置(20)的功能性相关的信息。
12.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置(1)包括可在第一位置与第二位置之间切换的控制阀(32)，在所述第一位置处，所述喷嘴布置(20)的所述第一导管(22)被连接至所述第一气体入口(37)，在所述第二位置处，所述喷嘴布置(20)的所述第一导管 (22)被连接至所述第二气体入口(38)。
13.根据权利要求1-12中任一项权利要求所述的装置在机动车辆中以便将燃料注入排出管线内的应用，所述排出管线是来自所述机动车辆的燃烧引擎且位于氧化催化剂上游的排出管线，所述注射与被布置在位于所述氧化催化剂下游的排出管线中的过滤器的再生相结合或者与被布置在位于所述氧化催化剂下游的所述排出管线中的NOx捕集器的再生相结合。
14.根据权利要求1-12中任一项权利要求所述的装置在机动车辆中以便将还原剂注入排出管线内的应用，所述排出管线是来自所述机动车辆的燃烧引擎且位于选择性催化还原催化剂或贫NOx催化剂上游的排出管线。 
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US8356473B2 (en) 2013-01-22
KR101284378B1 (ko) 2013-07-09
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WO2007091969A1 (en) 2007-08-16
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CA2637299C (en) 2015-10-06
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JP5023076B2 (ja) 2012-09-12
CN101378838A (zh) 2009-03-04
JP2009526168A (ja) 2009-07-16
SE0600270L (sv) 2007-08-09
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ATE538875T1 (de) 2012-01-15

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