CN101377164B - Fuel injection characteristic sensing device and fuel injection command correcting device - Google Patents
Fuel injection characteristic sensing device and fuel injection command correcting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101377164B CN101377164B CN2008102111554A CN200810211155A CN101377164B CN 101377164 B CN101377164 B CN 101377164B CN 2008102111554 A CN2008102111554 A CN 2008102111554A CN 200810211155 A CN200810211155 A CN 200810211155A CN 101377164 B CN101377164 B CN 101377164B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D41/3809—Common rail control systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
- F02M57/005—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices the devices being sensors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
- F02D2200/0602—Fuel pressure
- F02D2200/0604—Estimation of fuel pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2250/00—Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
- F02D2250/04—Fuel pressure pulsation in common rails
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
- F02D41/402—Multiple injections
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/24—Fuel-injection apparatus with sensors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
A fuel injection characteristic sensing device obtains an injection characteristic of a target injector (an injector of each cylinder of a multi-cylinder engine) at each time. The device has a program for sequentially sensing fuel pressure at a sensing point corresponding to a fuel pressure sensor, which is provided at a fuel inlet of each injector, based on an output of the fuel pressure sensor. The device has a program for detecting predetermined timings (injection timings such as an injection start timing and an injection end timing) in a series of operations concerning fuel injection of the injector of each cylinder based on the sequentially sensed fuel pressure. Thus, the injection characteristic at each time including a temporal characteristic change can be obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fuel injection characteristic sensing device; This sniffer is surveyed fuel injection characteristic when the injection of fuel supply in target engine supplied with in execution; And the invention still further relates to a kind of fuel injection command correcting device, this correcting device based on fuel spray characteristic sniffer is proofreaied and correct the injection order that arrives in the sparger.
Background technique
As a technology of the discharging that improves vehicle-mounted type diesel engine etc., the fuel that is pressurized to high pressure through the sparger direct injection with to supply in the cylinder be known technology (high-pressure injection).In recent years, common rail fuel injection system has caused attention as the fuel injection system that realizes high-pressure injection (for example, be described among patent documentation 1:JP-A-H10-220272 system).In this system, be accumulated in the common rail with high pressure conditions by the fuel of petrolift institute pumping, and the fuel under high pressure of being accumulated is through in the sparger that is set to pipe (high pressure fuel passage) in the cylinder separately and is fed into cylinder separately.In this system, predetermined pressure sensor (common rail pressure sensor) is set in the common rail.This system is configured to, and constitutes the driving of the various devices of fuel supplying device according to output (sensor output) control of common rail pressure sensor.
Traditionally; Under the situation of the injection work of controlling sparger through this common rail fuel injection system; The controlling method of setting jet mode according to the engine behavior of each time with reference to chart (adaptive chart) (in this chart, writing the jet mode (being adaptation value) of each engine behavior) or mathematic(al) representation is widely adopted.This device stores optimal mode (being adaptation value) as (for example at ROM) such as chart, mathematic(al) representations, through experiment etc., obtains this optimal mode for the engine behavior of each expection in advance.Therefore, this device is set jet mode for corresponding with engine behavior with reference to chart, mathematic(al) representation or analog.
Therefore, write the chart or the mathematic(al) representation of adaptation value,, carried out the fuel supply of fuel supply in the motor with the jet mode (being jet mode) of the engine behavior that is suitable for each time by use.But; When production in enormous quantities and each part of volume business engine control system; For example, between the motor and between the cylinder under the situation at multicylinder engine, certain indivedual differences always on the characteristic of the various control parts that comprise sparger, have been produced.In this case, when considering individual difference, present production system obtain all parts (as, manufacture through production in enormous quantities, be installed in all cylinders on the vehicle) adaptation value (best jet mode) need many work and unrealistic.Therefore, even when use has write chart or the mathematic(al) representation of adaptation value, considering because under individual difference caused the influential situation, it is difficult carrying out this control.
In order to carry out injection control in pinpoint accuracy ground, therefore can not ignore by the aging characteristic variations that is caused of control unit or the like.Even traditional device, the device that for example is described in the patent documentation 1 can obtain to pinpoint accuracy optimum value in the starting stage, but the influence of the characteristic variations of back is unknowable.Therefore, have such care,, and produced deviation between the optimum value promptly along with past of time.In this case, can obtain the adaptation value (coefficient relevant) of degeneration factor in advance, and can wait this adaptation value as chart, mathematic(al) representation and store with degree of degeneration and time through experimental value or the like.But, also have above-mentioned individual difference in the time response variation of each part.Therefore, be difficult to eliminate the effects of the act fully.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of fuel injection characteristic sensing device and fuel injection command correcting device that can obtain comprising spray characteristic temporary transient characteristic variations, each time.
According to an aspect of the present invention; Fuel injection characteristic sensing device is used in the fuel injection system; This fuel injection system has accumulator and at least one fuel pressure sensor; This accumulator is being accumulated the fuel that supplies under pressure in the predetermined sparger; This at least one fuel pressure sensor detection flows near the precalculated position of the downstream part the fuel tap hole that is positioned at accumulator with respect to the fuel flow direction is crossed the pressure of the inner fuel of fuel channel, and this fuel channel extends to the fuel orifice of sparger from accumulator.This fuel injection characteristic sensing device comprises fuel pressure probe portion and injection timing probe portion.The fuel pressure probe portion according to this at least one fuel pressure sensor at least one output with the corresponding precalculated position of fuel pressure sensor on sequentially survey fuel pressure.The injection timing probe portion is surveyed predetermined correct time (injection timing) according to the fuel pressure that is sequentially detected by the fuel pressure probe portion in a series of activities relevant with the fuel injection of sparger.
In this mode; Above-mentioned fuel pressure sensor is installed into; Measuring pressure near the precalculated position of the downstream part the fuel tap hole that is positioned at accumulator (for example being total to rail) with respect to the fuel flow direction in the fuel channel, this fuel channel extends to the fuel orifice of sparger from accumulator.Therefore; Can accurately survey on the mounting point of sensor because the pressure flow pattern that at least one produced in the injection work (for example coming under the situation of valve needle the opening/closing effect of solenoid valve) of the sparger relevant and the actual ejection (through spraying the performed injection of reality of work) with predetermined injection at the opening/closing of sparger according to solenoid valve.
Device in the above-mentioned patent documentation 1 is only controlled the jet pressure of sparger basically through common rail pressure sensor, this sensor is surveyed as the pressure in the common rail of accumulator (being common rail pressure).In this device, in this fluctuation when the fuel orifice of sparger arrives altogether rail or before this, weakened owing to spray the pressure surge that (comprising injection work) produced, and can not occurred as the fluctuation of common rail pressure.Therefore, through this device, be difficult to pinpoint accuracy ground and survey pressure surge by above-mentioned injection produced.
In contrast, the device above according to the present invention has fuel pressure sensor, compares with near common rail pressure sensor (perhaps be arranged on common rail sensor), and this sensor is being surveyed jet pressure on the position near fuel orifice more.Therefore, before the pressure surge decay, can grasp suitably owing to spray the pressure surge that (comprising injection work) produced through pressure transducer.Therefore; Through this structure; According to the fuel pressure that is sequentially detected by the fuel pressure probe portion, can detect to pinpoint accuracy and spray predetermined correct time such as injection beginning correct time, maximum injection rate in the relevant a series of activities with the fuel of sparger arrive correct time, correct time that Spraying rate begins to reduce and the injection end correct time of sparger after arriving maximum injection rate.
And; In some cases; The fuel injection characteristic sensing device that constitutes common rail type fuel injection system is provided with pulse in the joint between the fuel discharge pipe of common rail and common rail and reduces part; Be delivered to the fuel impulse in the common rail thereby reduced through fuel discharge pipe, with reduce in the common rail pressure pulse and with steady pressure fuel supply in sparger.In these cases, owing to spray in the fuel orifice that pressure surge that (comprising injection work) produced is formed on sparger and and be diffused in the common rail through the common rail fuel discharge tube.Reduce part by fuel impulse and reduced the fuel impulse in (weakening) pressure surge.Therefore, through this structure, be difficult to correctly survey owing to spray the pressure surge pattern that (comprising injection work) produced according to the pressure (being common rail pressure) that is total in the rail.
In this; According to another aspect of the present invention; Fuel injection characteristic sensing device is applied in the fuel injection system; This ejecting system has fuel impulse and reduces part and at least one fuel pressure sensor, and this at least one fuel pressure sensor detection flows on the precalculated position of the downstream part that is positioned at fuel impulse minimizing part with respect to the fuel flow direction is crossed the pressure of the inner fuel of fuel channel, and this fuel channel extends to the fuel orifice of sparger from accumulator.Fuel injection characteristic sensing device comprises fuel pressure probe portion and injection timing probe portion.This fuel pressure probe portion according to this at least one fuel pressure sensor at least one output with the corresponding precalculated position of fuel pressure sensor on sequentially survey fuel pressure.The injection timing probe portion is surveyed predetermined correct time according to the fuel pressure that is sequentially detected by the fuel pressure probe portion in a series of work relevant with the fuel injection of sparger.Through this structure, before reducing fuel impulse, can survey this pressure surge pattern through fuel pressure sensor by fuel impulse minimizing part.At last, can detect to pinpoint accuracy this pressure surge pattern.
In this case, according to another aspect of the present invention, constitute fuel impulse by the combination of hole (metering hole), flow damper or this hole and mobile damper and reduce part.Through this structure, can realize top purpose suitably.And, owing to carried out practical application and had real advantage, therefore have higher practicality and reliability through the technology of using the hole or mobile damper reduces fuel impulse.
According to another aspect of the present invention, at least one in this fuel pressure sensor be arranged on sparger inside or near this sparger.
In the mounting point of fuel pressure sensor during more near the fuel orifice of sparger, the sensor output through fuel pressure sensor more validity detects because the pressure surge pattern that injection (comprising injection work) is produced.Therefore, for pinpoint accuracy ground detection pressure fluctuation model, therefore, as in the superincumbent structure, being installed in fuel pressure sensor in the sparger is effective near sparger perhaps.In this case; If at least one in the fuel pressure sensor is set in the fuel inlet of sparger; Can improve the installation capability and the maintainability of fuel pressure sensor so, and can with metastable mode pinpoint accuracy detect pressure.
According to another aspect of the present invention, at least one in the fuel pressure sensor is arranged in the fuel discharge pipe of accumulator on the position of comparing with accumulator more near the fuel orifice of sparger.In the superincumbent device; Be arranged at least one such sensor that compare more on the position near sparger with accumulator be important, degree like this ground, this position can not weaken before arriving this position near sparger so that the pressure surge that in sparger, produced fully.For this reason, it is desirable being arranged on fuel pressure sensor on the position near this sparger.
According to a further aspect in the invention, this fuel pressure probe portion with the intervening sequences of enough weak points obtain the sensor output of fuel pressure sensor, thereby can draw the sketch plan of propagation of pressure waveform through this sensor output.
Because the pressure surge pattern that injection (comprising injection work) is produced can usually be detected as the propagation of pressure waveform.For suitably, pinpoint accuracy ground detection pressure transmits waveform (being the pressure surge pattern), can to grasp the propagation of pressure waveform be effective thereby the sensor that therefore obtains fuel pressure sensor with the intervening sequences ground of enough weak points is exported.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the fuel pressure probe portion obtains the sensor output of fuel pressure sensor with the intervening sequences ground less than 50 microseconds.Use fuel pressure sensor, according to the present invention above in one device be applied under the situation in the common common rail system that is adopted at present, the structure that obtains sensor output with the intervening sequences less than 50 microseconds is effective especially for the trend of grasping above-mentioned pressure surge suitably.
But for the ground of pinpoint accuracy more obtains above-mentioned pressure surge pattern, the structure of therefore coming order to obtain sensor output with shorter interval is more desirable.Therefore; The acquisition that (fuel pressure signal) exported sensor in invariably is set for short as much as possible at interval, consider simultaneously since the shortcoming that the increase of the acquisition number of times of sensor output produces perhaps owing to the shortcoming that the increase of for example calculated load produces is desirable.
Be some such correct time correct time among the correct time (injection timing) of a series of activities relevant with the fuel injection of sparger, particular importance; On these correct time; Change the actual ejection rate (like injection beginning, simultaneously increase the injection work of Spraying rate, in the injection work at maximum injection rate place, simultaneously reduce the injection work of Spraying rate and spray and finish) or spray working state (as coming under the situation of valve needle the opening/closing state of solenoid valve) at the opening/closing of sparger according to solenoid valve.On these correct time, invariably, the pressure in the fuel channel also perhaps sprays the change of working state along with the actual ejection state and changes.
In order to grasp these variation in pressure suitably; According to another aspect of the present invention; Fuel injection characteristic sensing device has the differential part; Thereby single order or more the differential of high-order handle and to be applied in the fuel pressure data that obtained by fuel pressure probe portion order, thereby obtain to be included in the differentiated data at least one in the correct time of the differential value that is on predetermined correct time, the predetermined differential value of expression and correct time that differential value is represented predetermined change pattern.The injection timing probe portion is surveyed predetermined correct time according to the differentiated data that is obtained by the differential part in a series of activities relevant with the fuel injection of sparger.
Under normal circumstances, compare with this pressure, the size of variation in pressure and correct time are embodied on the differential value of pressure more significantly.That is, for example, are embodied in especially significantly in the size of pressure change and correct time and are in predetermined correct time, the pressure differential value of promptly representing the predetermined differential value of this pressure correct time and represent on the differential value of the pressure on correct time or the like of predetermined change pattern.Therefore, this top device can be surveyed predetermined injection timing in pinpoint accuracy ground.
In this case, according to another aspect of the present invention, differential partly obtains representing the bending point that the pressure in the correct time of predetermined change pattern changes as differential value.
In many cases, the pressure during the injection timing of the characteristic of expression spray characteristic changes through pressure changes bending point (perhaps being the point on basis with the bending point) and representes.Therefore, through said structure, can accurately survey the spray characteristic (spraying relevant predetermined correct time) of sparger with fuel.
Among main injection timing, for example represent through the pressure bending point injection beginning correct time, maximum injection rate injection end correct time of arriving correct time, correct time that Spraying rate begins to reduce, sparger after arriving maximum injection rate or the like.
Therefore; According to another aspect of the present invention, the injection timing probe portion is surveyed in the injection end correct time that arrives correct time, correct time that Spraying rate begins to reduce and sparger in injection beginning correct time, maximum injection rate when Spraying rate is maximum after arriving maximum injection rate according to the pressure bending point that is obtained by differential part.Therefore, can detect correct time separately suitably.
Therefore, the bending point of pressure transformation is usually represented a plurality of injection timings.Therefore, when needs were only surveyed a special injection timing, it was effective for example being restricted to the scheduled time to the detection of pressure bending point in period.
For example; Under the situation in injection beginning correct time of surveying sparger; According to another aspect of the present invention; This differential partly obtains the pressure bending point in the predetermined period, and the beginning of this pressure bending point is set in the injection beginning order that arrives in the sparger correct time and goes up or be set in correct time on the correct time that is the basis correct time with this order.The injection timing probe portion is according to the injection beginning correct time of being surveyed sparger by the pressure bending point in the resulting predetermined period of differential part.Invariably slightly after spraying order correct time, has produced this injection beginning correct time of sparger.Therefore, in order pinpoint accuracy ground to survey injection beginning correct time, therefore the detection pressure bending point is effective especially with the index as expression injection beginning correct time in above-mentioned predetermined period.
Surveying through top device or can survey under the situation of a plurality of pressure bending points; According to another aspect of the present invention; Fuel injection characteristic sensing device also has first and confirms part; Under the state of partly surveying by differential at a plurality of pressure bending points, perhaps when the pressure bending point is partly surveyed by differential, according to the time sequencing of pressure bending point; According to the detection correct time of the position of pressure bending point or pressure bending point, confirm whether the pressure bending point that is detected by the differential part is the goal pressure bending point.Therefore, can confirm suitably in which the expression target correct time in a plurality of pressure bending points that detected, whether the pressure bending point that is perhaps detected at that time representes this target correct time by the detection correct time or the detection order of inspection pressure bending point.
According to another aspect of the present invention; Differential partly obtains the point of intersection with as such correct time; Promptly on this correct time; According to the n rank differential value of the fuel pressure in the predetermined period, the n rank differential value of fuel pressure (n is equal to, or greater than 1 integer) is compared from smaller side with predetermined threshold and is moved on the larger side, perhaps compares from larger side with this predetermined threshold to move on the smaller side.The injection timing probe portion is according in a series of activities relevant with the fuel injection of sparger, surveying predetermined correct time by the resulting point of intersection of differential part.
For example; Under the situation in injection beginning correct time of surveying sparger; According to another aspect of the present invention; Differential partly obtains the point of intersection with as such correct time, and promptly on this correct time, the second-order differential value of fuel pressure is compared from larger side with predetermined threshold according to this second-order differential value of the fuel pressure in the predetermined period (setting the injection beginning correct time of being expected near through experiment for) and moved on the smaller side.The injection timing probe portion is surveyed the injection beginning correct time of sparger according to the point of intersection that is obtained by the differential part.At injection beginning on correct time, invariably, the rapid decline that has produced fuel pressure along with the variation of actual ejection state.In this,, pressure drop can be grasped reliably, and last, injection beginning correct time can be pinpoint accuracy ground surveyed through the point of intersection through top structure.
In this case, survey validity in order further to improve, employed threshold value is effective when therefore being set in the detection point of intersection changeably.For example; According to another aspect of the present invention; Fuel injection characteristic sensing device has first setting section, thereby (promptly this value representation is right after and is spraying the value that is equal to of fuel pressure before: the estimated value that fuel pressure is big or small) come to set changeably the threshold value relevant with the point of intersection according to being right after the fuel pressure (being the fuel pressure size stationary stage in) before spraying or being right after the value that is equal to of the fuel pressure before spraying.In addition, according to another aspect of the present invention, fuel injection characteristic sensing device has second setting section, to set the threshold value relevant with this point of intersection correct time changeably according to being ordered by the indicated injection beginning of injection beginning order in the arrival sparger.In addition, according to another aspect of the present invention, fuel injection characteristic sensing device has the 3rd setting section, thereby sets the threshold value relevant with this point of intersection changeably according to the pressure in the target engine cylinder (being cylinder pressure).
When fuel pressure (the being the fuel pressure size) increase that is right after before spraying; Spray to carry out correct time during more near TDC (upper dead center); Perhaps when cylinder pressure increased, the pressure drop (being the variation of actual ejection state) that is accompanied by above-mentioned injection beginning was rapider.Therefore, it is preferred correspondingly, setting the threshold value relevant with this point of intersection changeably.That is, more sharply setting threshold value for when (referring to Figure 11 A to 11C) in pressure drop is preferred more for a short time.In this, through according to each the top structure in top three aspects, set this threshold value changeably according in the top parameter each.Correspondingly, can detect to pinpoint accuracy pressure drop and finally can detect to pinpoint accuracy injection beginning correct time.
In addition, arrive in the maximum injection rate of surveying above-mentioned sparger under the situation in correct time, below structure be effective.Promptly; According to another aspect of the present invention; Differential partly obtains this point of intersection with as such correct time, and promptly on this correct time, the first order differential value of fuel pressure moves on the larger side from smaller side with respect to predetermined threshold according to the first order differential value of the fuel pressure in the predetermined period.The maximum injection rate that the injection timing probe portion is surveyed sparger according to this point of intersection that is obtained by differential part arrive correct time (for example as such correct time, promptly should correct time near the point of intersection, but leave the intended distance in this point of intersection).Invariably, the rapid minimizing of the fuel pressure that when injection beginning, is produced is through with, and this fuel pressure arrives in maximum injection rate, and quilt is settled out on correct time.In this,, can grasp the correct time when fuel pressure is stablized reliably through the point of intersection through top structure, and last, can detect to pinpoint accuracy maximum injection rate and arrive correct time.
Finish in the injection of surveying sparger under the situation in correct time, below structure be effective.Promptly; According to another aspect of the present invention; Differential partly obtains the point of intersection with as such correct time, and promptly on this correct time, the first order differential value of fuel pressure is compared from larger side with predetermined threshold according to the first order differential value of the fuel pressure in predetermined period and moved on the smaller side.The injection timing probe portion finishes correct time according to the injection of being surveyed sparger by the resulting point of intersection of differential part.Invariably has stopped and spray finishing to begin the pulse of fuel pressure just constantly through the rapid increase of closing fuel pressure that sparger produces.In this, through top structure, can come to grasp suitably the variation of pressure surge pattern through this point of intersection.At last, can detect to pinpoint accuracy injection and finish correct time.
Thereby having to be used for controlling at ejector makes fluid flow into that predetermined space neutralization makes control valve for fluids that fluid flows out from this space and opens and closes spray-holes (fuel orifice) according to the inflow of following fluid and outflow or extend under the situation of the needle of carrying out to-and-fro motion work in the valve body of variation in pressure at sparger fuel supply channel (valve of therefore carrying out sparger opens with valve and cuts out), in this space of this spray-hole, and it also is important for the working state of grasp sparger that the valve of control valve for fluids cuts out correct time or the like.
Therefore, in this case, below structure be effective.Promptly; According to another aspect of the present invention; This differential partly obtains the point of intersection with as such correct time, and promptly on this correct time, the first order differential value of fuel pressure is compared from smaller side with predetermined threshold according to the first order differential value of the fuel pressure in the predetermined period and moved on the larger side.The injection timing probe portion is surveyed closing correct time of control valve for fluids according to the point of intersection that is obtained by the differential part.Invariably, closing on correct time of control valve for fluids, the rapid increase that has produced fuel pressure along with the change of spraying working state.In this, through top structure, can grasp pressure reliably through this point of intersection and increase, and at last, can detect to pinpoint accuracy the valve of control valve for fluids and close correct time.
A plurality of injection timings are also represented in above-mentioned point of intersection.Therefore, detecting or can detect under the situation of a plurality of point of intersection, below structure be effectively, as the situation of above-mentioned pressure bending point.Promptly; According to another aspect of the present invention; Fuel injection characteristic sensing device also has second and confirms part, thereby is partly detecting through differential under the state of a plurality of point of intersection, perhaps when partly detecting this point of intersection by differential; According to the time sequencing of point of intersection, according to the detection correct time of point of intersection or the position of this point of intersection confirming whether this point of intersection of being detected by the differential part is the target point of intersection.Therefore, survey the detection order of correct time or this point of intersection by inspection, whether this point of intersection that which the expression target in a plurality of point of intersection that can confirm suitably to have detected is perhaps detected correct time at that time representes this target correct time.
According to another aspect of the present invention; The starting point that the abrupt pressure of partly surveying differential rises or abrupt pressure reduces is with as such correct time; Promptly in the predetermined change pattern of this codifferential value representation in correct time, wherein on this starting point, the pressure variety of time per unit has surpassed predetermined size.
In addition; According to another aspect of the present invention, differential partly detects abrupt pressure rises or abrupt pressure descends end point with as such correct time, promptly in codifferential value representation predetermined variation pattern in this in correct time; On this end point, the pressure variety of time per unit surpasses predetermined size.
That kind detects in a series of activities relevant with the fuel injection of sparger and is scheduled to just constantly as stated, and it is effective grasping the fuel pressure variation of following the actual ejection state perhaps to spray the working state change.In this, through according to each this device in top two aspects, the variation (promptly from being stabilized to the transformation of variation, perhaps from changing to stable transformation) that can just detect fuel pressure is with as differentiated data.
For example; According to another aspect of the present invention; The injection timing probe portion can be surveyed in injection beginning correct time and following such correct time of sparger; Promptly on this such correct time, Spraying rate is according to after arriving maximum injection rate, being begun to descend by the starting point that the resulting pressure of differential part increases or pressure reduces.Reduce rapid minimizing or the increase that begins usually to have produced on correct time fuel pressure in injection beginning correct time or Spraying rate.Therefore, through top structure, can detect these correct time suitably.
Thereby have at ejector to be used for the control flows body and to flow in the predetermined space control valve for fluids that from this space, flows out with fluid and open and close spray-hole (fuel orifice) or fuel supply channel (it extends in this spray-hole) and open with the valve of carrying out sparger under the situation of the needle of carrying out to-and-fro motion work in the valve body of variation in pressure at sparger that close with valve, in the space according to following fluid to flow into and flowing out, below structure be effective.That is, according to another aspect of the present invention, correct time opened by the valve that the injection timing probe portion detects control valve for fluids and valve cuts out any in correct time.Open correct time or valve cut out on correct time at the valve of control valve for fluids, usually produced sharply reducing or increasing of fuel pressure.Therefore, through top structure, can detect these correct time suitably.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the injection timing probe portion maximum injection rate of surveying sparger according to the end point that the pressure that is obtained by differential part increases or pressure reduces arrives correct time and sprays any that finishes in correct time.Invariably, the rapid minimizing of fuel pressure or increase finish, and this pressure finishes to become on correct time relatively stable in maximum injection rate arrival correct time or injection.Therefore, through top structure, can detect these correct time suitably.
According to another aspect of the present invention; Differential part is applied to the Shelving that is used for removing high frequency in the fuel pressure data that detected by fuel pressure probe portion order, then single order or more the differential of high-order handle to be applied to and carry out Shelving with in the data that obtain differentiated data.This Shelving has been used for example low-pass filter or band-pass filter.
Usually, sensor output has comprised high-frequency noise.Be applied in the sensor output that comprises this noise even differential is handled, also be difficult to correctly grasp and follow above-mentioned actual ejection state or spray the fuel pressure variation that working state changes.In this, through top this structure, by single order or more the differential of high-order handle and to be applied in the data of carrying out Shelving, can detect to pinpoint accuracy and follow the actual ejection state or spray the fuel pressure variation that working state changes.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the injection timing probe portion detects first injection timing with as predetermined correct time according to the fuel pressure that is detected by fuel pressure probe portion order spraying with the fuel of sparger in the relevant a series of activities.Fuel injection characteristic sensing device also has the second injection timing probe portion; Thereby according to detected by the injection timing probe portion, second injection timing is with respect to the relative position relation of first injection timing; Survey second injection timing as predetermined correct time, rather than first injection timing among these correct time in a series of activities relevant with the fuel injection of sparger.
Among these injection timings, have such correct time, promptly should among them, have certain correlation (relative position relation) correct time.Therefore, even individually do not detecting under the situation of injection timing,, also can detect the correct time that (estimating) has this correlation easily through other injection timing by using this correlation.
For example, according to another aspect of the present invention, first injection timing is that the injection of sparger finishes correct time, and reaching second injection timing is such correct time, and promptly on this correct time, Spraying rate begins to reduce after arriving maximum injection rate.The second injection timing probe portion detects second injection timing with as the correct time than the Zao predetermined time of return of first injection timing, and this first injection timing is surveyed by the injection timing probe portion.Therefore, reduce beginning correct time from spray finishing correct time and can detect easily Spraying rate.More particularly, be constant spray finishing the position relation that correct time and Spraying rate reduce between beginning correct time.Therefore, be applied to this detection method and spray finish correct time or Spraying rate to reduce on beginning correct time be effective especially.
Survey validity for further the raising, it is effective therefore being set in changeably and surveying the employed just constantly time of return of Spraying rate minimizing beginning.For example, structure is effective below.Promptly; According to another aspect of the present invention; Fuel injection characteristic sensing device also has the 4th setting section, thereby (promptly this value representation is right after and is spraying the value that is equal to of fuel pressure before: the estimation that fuel pressure is big or small) set time of return changeably according to being right after the fuel pressure (being the fuel pressure size stationary stage in) before spraying or being right after the value that is equal to of the fuel pressure before spraying.In addition, according to another aspect of the present invention, fuel injection characteristic sensing device also has the 5th setting section, thereby sets time of return changeably according to injection timing (for example being equal to the pulse width of spraying order).
Perhaps work as the injection timing overtime when increasing when the fuel pressure (fuel pressure is big or small) that was right after before injection, begin to have reduced up to the time lengthening of spraying end from Spraying rate.Therefore, it is preferred to set changeably time of return according to these parameters (referring to Figure 15 A and 15B).In this, through according to each the structure in top two aspects, come to set changeably time of return according in these parameters each.Correspondingly, can detect to pinpoint accuracy the Spraying rate minimizing and begin correct time.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the injection timing probe portion is configured to, and can in a series of activities relevant with the fuel injection of sparger, perhaps come together to survey a plurality of correct time with another probe portion individually.The fuel pressure probe portion is sequentially surveyed fuel pressure on the time separately in predetermined period; Its beginning is configured to spray a predetermined correct time when surveying of surveying in the relevant a series of activities in said a plurality of correct time with the fuel of sparger correct time, perhaps sets the correct time that is the basis correct time with predetermined one in said a plurality of correct time detection for.The injection timing probe portion detects predetermined correct time according to the fuel pressure in the predetermined period in a series of activities relevant with the fuel injection of sparger.
Spraying in the relevant a series of activities these separately among correct time with the fuel of sparger, the order of these main injection timings is generally for example confirmed as following order: injection beginning correct time, maximum injection rate arrive correct time, the correct time when Spraying rate begins to reduce and spray and finish correct time.Therefore, when any in these correct time was detected, it can estimate how far a series of activities of sparger has been carried out.Correspondingly; As in the superincumbent device; By according to setting detection period a correct time, can set detection period as surveying another injection timing (the next correct time in the correct time of for example, being detected) suitable period easily, suitably by using.
According to another aspect of the present invention, fuel injection command correcting device has correction portion, thus use by fuel injection characteristic sensing device detected, spray with fuel and to proofread and correct the injection that arrives sparger relevant predetermined correct time and order.
Therefore, form fuel injection command correcting device through above-mentioned fuel injection characteristic sensing device.Correspondingly; For example; Under the situation bigger by the mistake between injection timing that above-mentioned fuel injection characteristic sensing device detected and benchmark correct time (by experiment or the prior resulting desired value of similar approach); This mistake can compensate by the injection order that proofread and correct to arrive in the sparger, has therefore reflected in the current combustion injection result of cycle period in the injection in the burn cycle in the back.By the correction of carrying out the injection order continuously, the while to spraying in the order, can make this feedback application the fuel injection on suitable correct time keep a longer period.
In addition, in a burn cycle, can proofread and correct the injection order that arrives in the sparger.Therefore; According to another aspect of the present invention; Correction portion has been used and the correct time of in the specific burn cycle of target engine, being sprayed relevant scheduled event by fuel that fuel injection characteristic sensing device detected; Thereby be corrected to relevant with the predetermined work injection order that reaches in the sparger, the fuel of this predetermined work performed sparger after relating to detection correct time of scheduled event in above-mentioned burn cycle sprays, and has therefore adjusted the correct time that relates to the predetermined work that fuel sprays.Therefore, by adjustment in the correct time correct time of detecting according to the front at the back, simultaneous altitude side by side (in real time promptly) is surveyed injection timing, can compensate the mistake of front on correct time.
For example, according to another aspect of the present invention, be such correct time the correct time of spraying relevant scheduled event with fuel, and promptly sparger begins this injections on this correct time, and the predetermined work that relates to the fuel injection is that the valve of sparger cuts out work.Through this structure, can adjust the valve of sparger according to the mistake in injection beginning correct time and close correct time.For example, be corrected as adjustment the energising period (pulse width) of sparger.At last, can be compensated by the emitted dose mistake that deviation caused in injection beginning correct time, thereby make fuel injection amount at that time keep suitable.
The use of above-mentioned fuel injection characteristic sensing device is not limited to the correction of spraying order.In addition, for example, this device can be used for, through data accumulation carry out data analysis, according to carrying out fault diagnosis of fuel injection system or the like by the mistake in the predetermined correct time that this device detected.Through this fault diagnosis, can carry out failure safe in early days in fault and handle or similar processing.
Description of drawings
Form method of work and the function that the application a part of following detailed description, accessory claim and accompanying drawing will be known embodiment's feature and advantage, reach correlated parts through research.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is a schematic representation, and it shows the system that comprises fuel injection characteristic sensing device and fuel injection command correcting device of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation, and it shows the internal structure of the sparger in this system that is used in present embodiment;
Fig. 3 is cross-sectional side view, and it shows the internal structure of cylinder of the diesel engine of present embodiment;
Fig. 4 is a flow chart, and it shows the elementary process of the fuel injection control processing of present embodiment;
Fig. 5 is a flow chart, and obtain with data (study is handled) and differential value that it shows present embodiment calculate relevant a series of processing;
Fig. 6 is a time diagram, and it shows the setting pattern of the run time that the study of present embodiment handles;
Fig. 7 is a time diagram, and it shows the setting pattern of the run time that the study of present embodiment handles;
Fig. 8 is a time diagram, and it shows the transformation of the nozzle parameter of present embodiment;
Fig. 9 is a time diagram, and it shows the transformation of the nozzle parameter of present embodiment;
Figure 10 is a flow chart, it show of the present invention, be used for surveying injection beginning a series of processing in correct time;
Figure 11 A is the chart of setting threshold changeably that is used for of present embodiment to 11C, and this threshold value is used to survey injection beginning correct time;
Figure 12 is a flow chart, it show present embodiment, be used for surveying a series of processing that maximum injection rate arrives correct time;
Figure 13 is a flow chart, and what it showed present embodiment is used for surveying a series of processing that spray to finish correct time;
Figure 14 is a flow chart, and it shows a series of processing present embodiment, be used for surveying the correct time that Spraying rate begins to reduce after arriving maximum injection rate;
Figure 15 A and 15B are present embodiments, setting is used for surveying the chart that Spraying rate reduces the time of return that begins correct time changeably;
Figure 16 shows the table of detection mode in the correct time separately of present embodiment.
Embodiment
The fuel injection characteristic sensing device and the fuel injection command correcting device of the embodiment of the invention are described with reference to accompanying drawing hereinafter.These devices of present embodiment for example are installed in the common rail fuel injection system (high-pressure injection fuel supply system) of diesel engine.That is, identical with device in being described in patent documentation 1, these devices of present embodiment are used for carrying out and supply to fuel under high pressure (for example jet pressure is 1000 barometric pressure or higher light oil) direct injection in the firing chamber of cylinder of diesel engine (direct injection supply).
At first, explain the profile of the common-rail fuel injection control system (on-board engine system) of present embodiment with reference to Fig. 1.The motor of supposing present embodiment is the multicylinder engine (for example, in line four) of four-wheeled vehicle.More particularly, this motor of supposing present embodiment is a four-stroke reciprocating motion type diesel engine (internal-combustion engine).In this motor, the cylinder that is to be set in the difference on the order on the camshaft of suction valve or outlet valve as the cylinder of target cylinder is at that time confirmed sensor (electromagnetic sensor).For example; More particularly; In burn cycle between cylinder during 180 ° of CA of phase mutual deviation; In in four cylinder #1-#4 each, in the circulation of 720 ° of CA, come sequentially to carry out the burn cycle that the four-stroke by aspirating stroke, compression stroke, combustion stroke and exhaust stroke constitutes according to the order of cylinder # 1, #3, #4 and #2.Beginning from fuel tank 10 sides with such order at sparger shown in Figure 1 20 is the sparger of cylinder # 1, #2, #3 and #4.
That kind as shown in Figure 1; Usually; This system so is configured, so that ECU30 (electronic control unit) receiving sensor output (detecting structure) and constitute the driving of device separately of fuel supply system according to sensor output control separately from various sensors.The ECU30 adjustment arrives the delivery volume that sucks the electric current among the control valve 11c, because of the fuel discharge capacity petrolift 11 is controlled to ideal value.Therefore, ECU30 carries out feedback control (for example PID control), thereby makes fuel pressure in the common rail 12 (accumulator) (the present fuel pressure that is detected through fuel pressure sensor 20a) consistent with desired value (target fuel pressure).ECU30 based on fuel pressure is controlled to desirable amount to the fuel injection amount in the predetermined cylinder that arrives target engine and the last output (being the rotational speed or the moment of torsion of output shaft) of target engine.
Constitute comprise fuel tank 10, petrolift 11, the device of rail 12 (accumulator) and the fuel supply system of sparger 20 is connected by predetermined pipe and is provided with in proper order with this from the mobile upstream side of fuel altogether.Among these devices, fuel tank 10 is connected by pipe 10a through fuel filter 10b with petrolift 11.
In this fuel supply system, fuel tank 10 is the casees (container) that store the fuel (light oil) of target engine.Petrolift 11 is made up of high-pressure service pump 11a and low pressure pump 11b and so constructs, so that the fuel that from fuel tank 10, is drawn by low pressure pump 11b is pressurized and discharges through high-pressure service pump 11a.Measure the fuel-pumping amount that is sent among the high-pressure service pump 11a and the last fuel discharge capacity of petrolift 11 by the suction control valve 11c (SCV) on the fuel suction side that is arranged on petrolift 11.Petrolift 11 can be controlled to ideal value to the fuel discharge capacity of coming self-pumping 11 by the driving current (finally being valve opening) that adjustment sucks control valve 11c.For example, sucking control valve 11c is the modulating valve of connecting under the normal condition, and this modulating valve is opened when outage.
Low pressure pump 11b in two kinds of pumps of formation petrolift 11 is constituted as for example trochoidal curve supply pump.High-pressure service pump 11a is made up of for example plunger pump.High-pressure service pump 11a is configured to, by separately through the eccentric cam (not shown) along the predetermined plunger that axially moves back and forth (for example three plungers) with pump fuel sequentially in predetermined correct time, this fuel is transported in the pressurized chamber.Two pump 11a, 11b drive by live axle 11d.This live axle 11d with as bent axle 41 interlockings of output shaft, and with respect to a circle of bent axle 41 with 1/1,1/2 or similarly ratio be rotated.That is, low pressure pump 11b and high-pressure service pump 11a drive by the output of target engine.
The fuel that from fuel tank 10, is sucked through fuel filter 10b by petrolift 11 by force feed (pumping) in rail 12 altogether.Be total to the fuel of rail 12 11 pumpings of fuel-in-storage pump under high pressure conditions.Be stored in fuel in the common rail 12 through in the sparger 20 that is set to pipe 14 (high pressure fuel passage) in the cylinder separately and is fed into cylinder #1-#4 separately with high pressure conditions.(reducing restricted part device, pipe 14 as fuel impulse) is set in place in the attachment portion 12a that is total between rail 12 and pipe 14 (the common rail fuel discharge tubes) in the hole.Has reduced through managing 14 fuel impulses that are delivered in the common rail 12 in this hole.Between injection period, mainly in the fuel orifice of sparger 20, produced fuel impulse.Therefore, can reduce the pressure pulse in the common rail 12, and can with steady pressure fuel supply in each sparger 20.The fuel tap hole of sparger 20 (#1)-20 (#4) links to each other with pipe 18, thereby turns back to excess of fuel in the fuel tank 10.
The detailed structure of sparger 20 is illustrated among Fig. 2.Basically, four spargers 20 (#1)-20 (#4) have same structure (for example, shown in Figure 2 structure).Each sparger 20 is to use the type hydraulic actuator sparger of engine combustion fuel (being the fuel in the fuel tank 10).In sparger 20, the driving power that fuel sprays transmits through the Cd of hydraulic chamber (promptly ordering the chamber).
That kind as shown in Figure 2, sparger 20 are Fuelinjection nozzles of the valve-type inwardly opened.Sparger 20 is formed at the Fuelinjection nozzle of cutting out under the normal condition, and when outage, this injection valve produces the valve closed condition.Fuel under high pressure is from be transported in the sparger 20 rail 12 altogether.In the present embodiment, fuel pressure sensor 20a (also can referring to Fig. 1) is set in the fuel inlet of sparger 20.Therefore, go up the fuel pressure (entering pressure) that to survey the fuel inlet place at any time.Say in further detail, can survey (measurement) through the output of fuel pressure sensor 20a and follow the actual ejection of sparger 20 or spray the fuel pressure fluctuates (like pulsation mode) of work, static fuel pressure size (being steady pressure) or the like between non-injection period.
When sparger 20 was carried out the fuel injection, outer valve 202b (control valve for fluids) was according to the hole of "on" position (energising/outage) opening/closing 1 (limiter) of the solenoid 201b that constitutes two-way solenoid valve 20b.Therefore, the final pressure (equaling the back pressure of needle 20c) in the seal degree of the Cd of hydraulic chamber and the Cd of hydraulic chamber improves/reduced.Because this pressure increase/minimizing, so needle 20c (promptly in housing 20e) to-and-fro motion (moving up and down) in valve barrel along with the tensile force that perhaps overcomes spring 20d (disc spring).Correspondingly; At its middle part, say so on the conical seat surface in further detail; Opening/closing arrives the fuel supply channel of spray-hole 20f (getting out needed number of perforations); According to the to-and-fro motion of needle 20c, needle 20c is seated on this conical seat surface and is separated with needle 20c and this conical seat surface.
Carry out the drive controlling of needle 20c through the variable control of pulse width.Send to pulse signal (power on signal) the drive part (two way solenoid valve 20b) of needle 20c from ECU30.Control the lift amount (with the degree of separation of seating face) of needle 20c changeably according to pulse width (it equal energising period).In control, basically, this lift amount is along with energising prolongs and increases period, and Spraying rate (being time per unit institute injected fuel amount) increases along with the increase of lift amount.By the fuel supply from be total to rail 12, the pressure of carrying out the Cd of hydraulic chamber increases to be handled.By the fuel among the Cd of hydraulic chamber is turned back in the fuel tank 10 through the pipe 18 (being illustrated among Fig. 1) that connects sparger 20 and fuel tank 10, the pressure of carrying out the Cd of hydraulic chamber reduces process.
Therefore, sparger 20 has needle 20c, and the to-and-fro motion work through in valve body (being housing 20e), being scheduled to extends to the fuel supply channel among the spray-hole 20f by opening and closing, and the valve of this needle execution sparger 20 opens with valve and cuts out.Under non-driven state, move needle 20c along the valve closing direction by the power (tensile force of spring 20d) that is applied to consistently along the valve closing direction on the needle 20c.Under driven state, needle 20c is applied with driving force, and the tensile force that therefore overcomes spring 20d is opened direction along valve and can be moved needle 20c.The lift amount of needle 20c substantially symmetrically changes between non-driven state and driven state.
In the present embodiment, fuel pressure sensor 20a says on being set to separately near the cylinder 20 (#1)-20 (#4) in further detail, is set in the fuel inlet of cylinder 20 (#1)-20 (#4) separately.The output of based on fuel pressure transducer 20a (as the back is said in further detail) can be surveyed the actual ejection that is accompanied by the predetermined sparger 20 that sprays or spray the fluctuation model of the fuel pressure of work in pinpoint accuracy ground.
Fig. 3 is a side view, and it schematically shows as one internal structure among four cylinder #1-#4 of the diesel engine of the target of the fuel supply of native system.The structure of four cylinder #1-#4 is identical basically.Therefore, provide explanation here, note a cylinder 50 (for example cylinder #1) about the internal structure of each cylinder.
That kind as shown in Figure 3, cylinder 50 is holding piston 51 within it.Be set on the piston 51 as bent axle 41 output shaft, that each cylinder #1-#4 is shared and that have flywheel.Bent axle 41 combines the to-and-fro motion of piston 51 to be rotated.In cylinder, firing chamber Cm is formed between the top surface and cylinder cap of piston 51.Sparger 20 is set among the Cm of firing chamber.Cylinder pressure sensors 53 is arranged among the Cm of firing chamber, for example with as the igniting supplementary equipment the glow plug (not shown) be integrally formed.Cylinder pressure sensors 53 is measured pressure (being cylinder pressure) and output and the corresponding detected signal of measured value (electrical signal) in the cylinder 50 through the probe portion (being inserted into the tips of probes portion among the Cm of firing chamber) that is arranged among the Cm of firing chamber.Suction port and relief opening are arranged on the part of cylinder cap, so suction port makes firing chamber Cm be connected with suction tude, and relief opening makes firing chamber Cm be connected with outlet pipe.Suction valve 52a and outlet valve 52b are set in suction port and the relief opening separately.In cylinder 50, each among suction valve 52a and the outlet valve 52b drives by the cam with bent axle 41 rotations.This cam is connected on the camshaft, and rotation is once in the period of twice of bent axle 41 rotation for this camshaft.Therefore, each among suction valve 52a and the outlet valve 52b is to move back and forth predetermined correct time.Correspondingly, suction port and relief opening open and close by these valves separately.
Each cylinder of target engine has such structure.During engine operation, air inlet joins the firing chamber Cm of cylinder 50 from suction tude by the work of opening of suction valve 52a.Air inlet mixes with the fuel that directly sprays from sparger 20 and supplies with (through the direct injection supply) mutually, and the while air inlet is compressed by cylinder 50 interior pistons 51.The mixed gas of air inlet and fuel is lighted (through spontaneous combustion) and burning.The waste gas that is produced through burning is discharged in the outlet pipe by the work of opening of outlet valve 52b.Therefore,, along with burning and to-and-fro motion in the Cm of firing chamber, fuel is rotated along with the to-and-fro motion of piston 51 by the piston that makes cylinder as the bent axle 41 of output shaft.
Except the sensor, the various sensors that carry out vehicle control are arranged in Motor Vehicle (not shown) such as four-wheel passenger vehicle or the truck.For example, on the crank angle sensor 42 (for example electromagnetic sensor) of (for example in the circulation of 30 ° of CA) output crank angle signal on each degree in crank angle is set to as the outward edge of the bent axle 41 of target engine output shaft with the rotary angle position of surveying bent axle 41, rotational speed (being engine rotary speed) of bent axle 41 or the like.Output is set on the accelerator (being working portion) with the acceleration sensor 44 of the corresponding electrical signal of accelerator state (being displacement amount), to survey driver's accelerator workload ACCP (being rolling reduction).
In this system, ECU30 plays a part fuel injection characteristic sensing device and fuel injection command correcting device according to present embodiment, and mainly carries out engine control as electronic control unit.ECU30 (engine control ECU) has known microcomputer (not shown).According to the detected signal of above-mentioned various sensors, ECU30 grasps the working state of target engine and from user's demand, and handles various actuators like suction control valve 11c and sparger 20 according to engine behavior and user's demand.Therefore, ECU30 is to carry out the various controls of motor with the corresponding optimal mode of the situation of each time.
Basically, be installed in microcomputer among the ECU30 by various computing devices, storage device, signal processing apparatus, communicator, electric power supply lines and be used for carrying out similar device such as the CPU (basic handling device) of various calculating, as RAM (random access memory) main memory, that be used for temporarily storing data, result of calculation and type likelihood data in the computational process, as the ROM (ROM (read-only memory)) of program storage, as EEPROM (electricity rewrites nonvolatile memory), backup RAM (even the primary power supply of ECU30 stops after, always from backup battery such as vehicle carried type battery, supplying with the storage that power is arranged), signal processing apparatus such as the A/D converter and the clock generation circuit of the storage of data storage and be used for the I/O port formation of signal from outside I/O to the outside.In ROM, store in advance and comprise that spray characteristic surveys and spray various program of the engine control of the program that order proofreaies and correct, control diagram or the like.Be used for various control data that the storage of data storage (for example EEPROM) stores the design data that comprises target engine in advance.
In the present embodiment, ECU30 calculates the moment of torsion (demand torque) should be created at that time on the output shaft (bent axle 41) and calculates the fuel injection amount of the moment of torsion that satisfies the demands according to the sensor output (detected signal) of various orders inputs at last.Therefore; ECU30 sets the fuel injection amount of sparger 20 changeably; Thereby control is through the indication torque that fuel combustion produced (generation moment of torsion) in each cylinder (firing chamber); And in fact control output to the rear axle moment of torsion (output torque) (that is, ECU30 makes a moment of torsion meet demand torque) on the output shaft (bent axle 41).Promptly; For example; ECU30 calculates workload with the corresponding fuel injection amount of engine behavior, driver's accelerator or the like in each period, and spraying control signal (driven quantity) thus output in the sparger 20 and synchronously guide fuel to spray with the fuel injection amount that calculates with the ideal fuels injection timing.Therefore, promptly, control to the output torque of target engine on the desired value according to the driven quantity (for example, valve is opened period) of sparger 20.
As known, in diesel engine, during stable operation, the intake-air throttle valve (throttle valve) that is arranged in the engine intake passage is maintained on the state of opening fully basically, thereby improves amount of fresh air, reduces pumping loss or the like.Therefore, during stable operation, the control of fuel injection amount is the major component (more particularly, relevant with moment of torsion adjustment burning control) of burning control.Hereinafter, explain the main program of the fuel injection control of present embodiment with reference to Fig. 4.Be used in the various parameter value in the process shown in Figure 4 being installed on ECU30 such as RAM, EEPROM or backing up to store continuously in the storage device among the RAM, and can upgrade these parameter values at any time when needed.Basically, be stored in the program among the ROM, carry out a series of processes shown in Figure 4 continuously with each burn cycle frequency once of each cylinder of target engine through carrying out by ECU30.That is,, during a burn cycle, carry out and supply to the fuel supply in all cylinders except static cylinder through this program.
That kind as shown in Figure 4; At first among the S11 in a series of processing (S representes step); Read predefined parameter such as engine rotary speed (promptly by the measured actual measured value of crank angle sensor 42) and that temporal fuel pressure (actual measured value that is promptly measured), and also read accelerator workload ACCP that time goes up the driver (promptly by the measured actual measured value of accelerator sensor 44) or the like by fuel pressure sensor 20a.Then, below among the S12, according to the various parameters of in S11, being read (and also by calculate independently when needed comprise since external load etc. produced be lost in demand torque), the setting jet mode.Through this jet mode, under the situation that single-stage is sprayed, set the emitted dose (injection timing) of this injection changeably according to being created in moment of torsion (being that demand torque is equal to engine load at that time) in the output shaft (bent axle 41).Under the situation of the jet mode of multi-stage jet, come to be set with changeably total emitted dose (total injection timing) of these injections that are beneficial to this moment of torsion according to demand torque with this jet mode.Set the bid value (command signal) that arrives in the sparger 20 according to this jet mode.Therefore, according to the situation of vehicle etc., with main injection at random carry out pilot injection, pre-spray, continue after spray (after injection), back and spray (post-injection) etc.
Predetermined benchmark chart (spraying control diagram or mathematic(al) representation) and correction factor according to for example being stored among the ROM obtain jet mode.More particularly, in the desired extent (in S11, reading) of predefined parameter, obtain best jet mode (adaptive value) in advance, and for example should be written in the chart by the best jet mode by experiment etc.For example, the injection timing (it equals emitted dose) by number (i.e. performed injecting times in a burn cycle), each injected fuel injection timing (being injection timing) and each injection of parameter such as ejector stage limits this jet mode.Relation between above-mentioned graphical presentation parameter and the best jet mode.Proofread and correct according to the resulting jet mode of chart through correction factor (for example, being stored among the EEPROM among the ECU30), this coefficient is updated (with the mode of being explained in further detail) independently at the back.For example, by chart values divided by correction factor, calculate setting value.Therefore, the jet mode of this injection that obtains will carrying out at that time, and finally obtain the injection command signal with the corresponding sparger 20 of jet mode.When setting jet mode (in step S12), can be used for some charts that the key element separately (like the number of ejector stage) of jet mode individually sets.In addition, can use each is the chart of all key elements of the more formed charts of some collective's key elements or this jet mode of this jet mode.
Therefore, use jet mode or last bid value (command signal) corresponding with this jet mode, that set among the S13 below.That is, in S13,, perhaps say in further detail, in sparger 20, control the driving of sparger 20 by output command signal according to bid value (command signal).After drive controlling sparger 20, a series of processing of shown in Figure 4 this is through with.
In the present embodiment; The output of based on fuel pressure transducer 20a is sequentially surveyed with the fuel of sparger 20 and is sprayed predetermined correct time (injection timing) in the relevant a series of activities, or says in further detail, is that injection beginning correct time, maximum injection rate arrive correct time of correct time, Spraying rate after arriving maximum injection rate, beginning to reduce and injection end correct time.In addition, according to surveying employed correction factor among the S12 that sequentially is updated in Fig. 4 correct time (coefficient in the multiple coefficient, relevant with above-mentioned correct time more strictly speaking) separately.
Next, come at length to explain that with reference to Fig. 5-16 based on fuel pressure transducer 20a output detection and above-mentioned fuel spray the pattern in relevant correct time separately (injection timing).
When surveying this injection timing, at first adopt the output of fuel pressure sensor 20a, from this output, calculate the first order differential value dP and the second-order differential value ddP of the fuel pressure on each correct time then.Fig. 5 is a flow chart, and it shows with data and obtain (sensor output obtaining and storing: study is handled) and the relevant a series of processing of differential value calculating.Basically, through carrying out the program among the ROM that is stored in, carry out a series of processing shown in Figure 5 continuously with predetermined process interval (like interval) with 20 μ sec by ECU30.Storage device in being installed on ECU30 such as RAM, EEPROM perhaps back up and are stored in employed various parameter values in the process shown in Figure 5 among the RAM continuously, and when needed, can go up at any time and upgrade these parameter values.
That kind as shown in Figure 5 in a series of processes, is at first accepted the output of fuel pressure sensor 20a in S21.Among the S22 below, calculate the pressure first rank differential value dP with as the preceding face amount of pressure value P and the differential value (being dP=P (at present)-P (front)) between the value at present.Among the S23, calculate the pressure second rank differential value ddP below with present value and the differential value between the preceding face amount (being ddP=dP (at present)-dP (front)) as the pressure first rank differential value dP.Then, below among the S24, store separately data P, dP, ddP and this a series of processes are finished.
Next, explain the run time and the setting pattern of process shown in Figure 5 with reference to Fig. 6 and 7.In Fig. 6 or 7; Partly (a) is time diagram; It shows the transformation that arrives the injection command signal INJ (pulse signal) in the sparger 20, and partly (b) is time chart, and it shows the transformation of Spraying rate R (being time per unit institute injected fuel amount); And partly (c) is time chart, and it shows the transformation of the fuel pressure P (promptly getting into pressure) that is detected by above-mentioned fuel pressure sensor 20a (being illustrated among Fig. 1).
That kind as shown in Figure 6 in the present embodiment, in some cases, during engine combustion cycle, is carried out multi-stage jet (for example, spraying Pst three grades of injections formed, shown in Figure 6 by pilot injection Prt, main injection Mn and back) by sparger 20.Export acquisition during period at setting sensor; Order correct time (t101 in correct time) to the injection beginning that is set to sparger 20 beginning correct time (promptly surveying period :) in sensor output acquisition period with " detection " the represented period among Fig. 6; Guide by the injection beginning order of the injection the earliest of burn cycle (for example, shown in Figure 6 pilot injection Prt) this correct time.When the injection beginning order t101 in correct time of sparger 20, begin energising.In addition, in same burn cycle, carry out injection (back injection Pst for example shown in Figure 6) the latest and afterwards, set the above-mentioned detection end correct time in period (t102 in correct time) according to the pressure surge pattern.Say that in further detail when spraying the pressure surge convergence that Pst produced in the back, be set on the correct time (be equivalent to spray and finish correct time) the end correct time (t102 in correct time) of surveying period.Therefore, above-mentioned detection period with limited mode be set at least from since the pressure surge that pilot injection Prt is produced begin to since the back spray on the time that pressure surge that Pst was produced finishes.That is, detection period with limited period be set to the predetermined period that comprises period (pressure surge period) (from correct time t101 to t102 in correct time) on, in this period, produce pressure surge by the actual ejection of sparger 20.
Basically, even during this limited period, can obtain ideal data (with the wave mode of spraying relevant pressure surge).It is because, owing to for being not the period of the detection of a target, being i.e. in such period, promptly in this period, under normal circumstances can obtaining (detecting) and have only unwanted data restriction institute period not to be covered of surveying period.Because detection is set to short limited period period, thus the processing of ECU30 load can be reduced and the storage data of used RAM can be reduced.
And; In the present embodiment; Be used for temporarily stopping to obtain sensor output period (by " stopping " among Fig. 7 represented from t101a to t102a, stop period) be set at least in so a part of period (pressure stability period); Promptly in this part in period; The fuel pressure that is on the mounting point of fuel pressure sensor 20a is stable in such period (detection period), promptly should in above-mentioned pattern, be configured to obtain unceasingly the output of fuel pressure sensor 20a shown in Figure 7 period.Say in further detail; If the lift amount of the needle 20c of sparger 20 (being illustrated among Fig. 2) becomes enough big so that arrives such degree; Be that the sufficiently high fuel of pressure is fed among the spray-hole 20f (being illustrated among Fig. 2), Spraying rate R converges to by the aperture of spray-hole 20f (be fuel outlet zone) on the value of spraying the substantial constant that limit place limits.Therefore, in this period, under the stable situation of Spraying rate R, the pressure P that is detected through fuel pressure sensor 20a, be that the fuel pressure that sensor 20a is installed in the fuel channel in it is also settled out.In the present embodiment, this pressure stability beginning correct time in period (t101a in correct time) is surveyed in the sensor output (pressure surge pattern) according to sensor 20a on each time.Beginning t101a in correct time place in pressure stability period of being detected sets the beginning correct time that stops period.More strictly speaking, the beginning that stops period being set on beginning correct time just constantly in decision pressure stability period correct time.In addition, the end that stops period being set in injection the finish command correct time of being indicated by the injection the finish command that arrives sparger 20 on (that is, correct time t102a) correct time.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, stop t101a-t102a in period, further limit above-mentioned detection period by providing.Basically, even during this limited detection t101-t101a in period, t102a-t102, can obtain ideal data (with spraying relevant pressure surge waveform).It is because; Above-mentioned detection restriction in period period not to be covered be such period; Promptly in this period; Fuel pressure P is stable, and according to stopping before the period t101a-t102a and afterwards force value, can estimate the fuel pressure P of this institute in period not to be covered basically by interpolation calculation etc.Because detection is set to shorter limited period period, therefore can further reduce the processing load of ECU30, and the storage area that can further reduce employed RAM.
Fig. 8 is a time chart, and it shows the example of resulting pressure transition waveforms in the S21 of Fig. 5.In Fig. 8; Partly the solid line PL10 in (a) representes to arrive the transformation of the injection command signal INJ (pulse signal) in the sparger 20; Partly the solid line R10 in (b) representes the transformation (time per unit institute injected fuel amount) of Spraying rate R, and the transformation (inlet pressure) of the solid line P10 of part in (c) the fuel pressure P that representes to be detected by above-mentioned fuel pressure sensor 20a.The first expression first order of Fig. 8 is sprayed, and second is that spray the second level.
That kind as shown in Figure 8, the sensor that in the S21 of Fig. 5, is obtained output comprises high-frequency noise.In the present embodiment, through making sensor output, filtration treatment is applied in the sensor output through low-pass filter (perhaps band-pass filter).Then, among S22 and the S23, the first rank differential is handled and the processing of the second rank differential (differential) is applied in the filtering data (from these data, removing the data of high-frequency noise) below.Therefore, obtain (calculating) above-mentioned differentiated data.Therefore, can detect the fuel pressure P variation of following the actual ejection state or spraying the working state variation with higher validity.
Fig. 9 is a time chart, and it shows that obtain through processing shown in Figure 6 and example stored (be learn) pressure transition waveforms.In Fig. 9; Partly (a) is time chart; It shows the transformation (being time per unit institute injected fuel amount) of Spraying rate R, and partly (b) is time chart, and it shows above-mentioned Shelving and is applied to sensor output Wave data afterwards; Partly (c) is time chart; It shows the first rank differential and handles the Wave data after being applied in the data of carrying out Shelving, and partly (d) is time chart, and it shows at the second rank differential and handles the Wave data after being applied in the data of carrying out Shelving.In Fig. 9, be shown in dotted line the data (being right after the fuel pressure before spraying) of the fuel pressure size of 75MPa, solid line shows the data of the fuel pressure size of 80MPa, and double dot dash line shows the data of the fuel pressure size of 85MPa.
That kind shown in the part (b) of Fig. 9, the rising correct time of the injection command pulse in arriving sparger 20, the following trend of trend was as a whole represented in (i.e. energising begins correct time, and it is equivalent to the correct time before the t0 in correct time) pressure transformation afterwards.That is, have such short-term, in this short-term, pressure P at first is constant, and after this period, pressure P reduces in t0 place beginning in correct time shown in Figure 9 gradually.Then, the beginning of t1 place sharply reduces pressure P in correct time.The t0-t1 in following period that the constant initial period of pressure P and pressure P reduce gradually is corresponding with the invalid discharge time (invalid injection timing) of sparger 20.Say in further detail; Invalid discharge time is the summation of various delays, for example be from produce delay that energising (spraying the rising of command pulse) produced till forming the normal magnetic field through solenoid 201b (being illustrated in Fig. 2) time and owing to outside the sum of the delays in work that produced of the inertia, the friction of wall surface in nozzle or the like of inertia, fuel of valve 202b, needle 20c (being illustrated among Fig. 2) etc.Invalid discharge time is equivalent to from the driving (energising) of beginning sparger 20 actual in the time till spraying up to fuel.
In period in invalid injection timing after the period of constant pressure P, pressure P reduces gradually.This shows, produces pressure leakage by the injection work of sparger 20.Say in further detail,, produced this phenomenon because sparger 20 is to be accompanied by such sparger of pressure leakage in during actual period till beginning to spray beginning injection work (work of opening of valve 202b promptly) from sparger.More particularly, such as stated, when sparger 20 energisings (0N), with valve needle 20c, sparger 20 turns back in the fuel tank 10 fuel in the Cd of hydraulic chamber by the hole of opening of1.Therefore, owing to the fuel pressure that is produced at the common rail 12 of the injection duration of work of sparger 20 is leaked through the hole (being illustrated among Fig. 2) of of1.That is, the pressure of that time fall (pressure in the period from t0 to t1 falls) and the gentleness of pressure P in above-mentioned invalid injection timing reduce (being pressure leakage) corresponding.
As compare here, it is corresponding with the correct time (injection beginning correct time) when beginning to spray through sparger 20 is actual that point (t1 in correct time) falls in the pressure when pressure P begins sharply to descend.
That kind as shown in Figure 9 changes (pressure transition waveforms) at above-mentioned injection beginning correct time (t1 in correct time) pressure afterwards and has as a whole trend below the trend.That is, the abrupt pressure of t1 stationary stage of force value of dropping to pressure local minimum and the pressure smallest point of t2 in correct time forms and to change from correct time, then, forms and changes with in t2a place pressure increase in correct time.Afterwards, make pressure P stable in case be in correct time t2b place, but in the sharply rising again of t3 place in correct time.If pressure P is last to arrive the size of injection force value (i.e. 0 point of intersection) before near t4 place in correct time, near pressure P this force value, fluctuate (beating) so.
T2 in correct time is corresponding the correct time (hereinafter, be called maximum injection rate and arrive correct time) when making Spraying rate R maximum.Correct time when correct time, t2a closed with outer valve 202b is corresponding.The correct time of t3 in correct time when Spraying rate R begins to reduce after arriving maximum injection rate (hereinafter, be called Spraying rate and reduce beginning correct time) is corresponding.It is corresponding correct time to spray end the correct time when correct time, t4 stopped with the injection of sparger 20.Identical with the invalid discharge time in the injection beginning, also, the injection of sparger 20 produced from outage (spraying the decline of command pulse) when finishing to spraying the delay that finishes correct time (t4 in correct time).
Next; The i.e. pressure transition waveforms that processing obtained and stored through Fig. 5 according to the pressure transition waveforms shown in the part (b) to (d) of Fig. 9, with reference to Fig. 9 to 16 come at length to explain to be used for surveying the correct time separately that above-mentioned fuel sprays (correct time t1-t4) processing.Figure 10 and 12 to 14 is flow charts, and it shows surveys a series of processing in correct time separately.Basically, carry out the program be stored in ROM, a series of processing shown in carrying out in the accompanying drawings continuously with predetermined interval (for example with 20 μ sec interval) through ECU30.Should handle through carrying out, the each injection once carried out the detection and the storage in above-mentioned correct time.That is, under the situation that single-stage is sprayed, each burn cycle is once carried out one group and is surveyed and store.Under the situation that two-stage is sprayed, each burn cycle is carried out two groups and is surveyed and store.Be used for the value of the various parameters of the processing shown in the accompanying drawing separately and be stored in storage device such as RAM, the EEPROM that is installed among the ECU30 continuously or back up among the RAM, and equally with the processing shown in Fig. 5 upgrade at any time when needed.
Processing shown in Figure 10 is used for surveying above-mentioned injection beginning correct time (t1 in correct time).
That kind shown in figure 10, in a series of processes, at first in step S31, the injection beginning order (energising beginning) of confirming particular spray whether form and correct time t1 also be not detected.Only when the injection beginning order of confirming particular spray forms and correct time, t1 was not detected in S31, carry out from the processing among the S32.That is, satisfy S31 condition period with above-mentioned correct time t1 detection corresponding period.
In S32, whether the pressure second rank differential value ddP that confirms in the S23 of Fig. 5, to be calculated is less than predetermined threshold K1 (ddP < K1).
Figure 11 A is such chart, and it shows fuel pressure size P (promptly by the measured actual measured value of fuel pressure sensor 20a) and by the relation between the adaptation value (being optimum value) of resulting threshold k 1 such as experiment.The same shown in Figure 11 A, according to chart, when fuel pressure size P increased (in this example, being 80MPa) before fuel pressure size P arrives convergence point, threshold k 1 was set on the littler value.If when fuel pressure size P arrived convergence point, with respect to the increase of fuel pressure size P, the minimizing degree of threshold k 1 became very little.
Figure 11 B is a chart, and it shows spray to carry out correct time and through the relation between the adaptation value (being optimum value) of resulting threshold k 1 such as experiment.Survey to spray and carry out correct time, perhaps say in further detail, as the rising correct time of spraying command pulse (i.e. energising beginning correct time) with as ordering guided injection beginning to order correct time by the injection beginning that arrives in the sparger 20.Such shown in Figure 11 B, according to chart, carry out correct time during spraying more near TDC (upper dead center), threshold k 1 is set on the littler value.
Figure 11 C is such chart, and it shows pressure in the target engine cylinder (promptly by the measured actual measured value of cylinder pressure sensors shown in Figure 3 53) and through the relation between the adaptation value (optimum value) of resulting threshold k 1 such as experiment.Such shown in Figure 11 C, according to chart, when cylinder pressure increased, threshold k 1 was set on this littler value.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the variably ground setting threshold K1 that falls according to pressure.Correspondingly, can detect to pinpoint accuracy the above-mentioned pressure of following this injection falls and last injection beginning correct time (at the t1 in correct time shown in Fig. 9).
In detection period of t1 in correct time, repeatedly carry out the processing of S32.If confirm that in S32 the pressure second rank differential value ddP is not less than threshold k 1, these a series of processing of Figure 10 are through with so.If confirm that the pressure second rank differential value ddP less than threshold k 1, is stored in the predetermined storage device as injection beginning correct time (t1 in correct time) among the S33 so below at present correct time.In this case; Being stored in correct time in the predetermined storage device (for example EEPROM perhaps backs up RAM) is effective; Even can retention data after should predetermined storage device primary power supply in being connected to ECU30 stopping; Simultaneously if desired, make these data in this correct time relevant so with predetermined parameters (engine condition when for example data obtain).Therefore, these data are retained in the storage device with non-volatile mode, even be stopped and power supply can not erased after can not being communicated to ECU30 yet at target engine.Consequently, in long period, can preserve data and read these data at last.If these data relate to predefined parameter when this data storage, so when reading these data by using this parameter to help the recovery of these data.Therefore, can be easily and actual figure is according to one's analysis or the like suitably.
Therefore; In the present embodiment; Are detected in correct time when generation follows the pressure of injection beginning to fall or last injection beginning correct time (t1 in correct time of Fig. 9) with as such correct time (point of intersection); On this correct time, the pressure second rank differential value ddP moves on the sidepiece less than this threshold k 1 from the sidepiece greater than threshold k 1.Through this detecting strategy, can grasp above-mentioned pressure exactly and fall, and can survey injection beginning correct time at last exactly.
Processing shown in Figure 12 is used for surveying above-mentioned maximum injection rate correct time (being t2 in correct time).
That kind shown in figure 12, in a series of processing, at first in S41, whether the t1 in correct time that confirms above-mentioned injection is detected and whether the t2 in correct time that sprays also is not detected.The t1 in correct time that only in S41, confirm to spray be detected and this injection correct time, t2 was not detected the time, the processing of execution S42.That is, satisfy S41 condition period with above-mentioned correct time t2 detection corresponding period.
In S42, whether the present value of the preceding face amount of the pressure first rank differential value dP that confirms in the S22 of Fig. 5, to be calculated (be ddP (front)<0) and this pressure first rank differential value dP whether less than 0 is equal to, or greater than predetermined threshold K2 (is dP (at present)>=K2).Threshold k 2 can be fixed value or changing value.Threshold k 2 can be fixed value or changing value.Threshold k 2 is set at greater than on 0 the value, promptly is set on the occasion of last (K2>0).
The processing of S42 is repeatedly carried out in the detection of t2 period in correct time.If<0 and dp (at present)>=K2, a series of processing of Figure 12 are through with so in S42, to confirm dP (front).If in S42, confirm dP (front)<0 and dp (at present)>=K2; Arrive as the Spraying rate of maximum correct time at present among the S43 so below and (for example be stored in predetermined storage device correct time (this correct time, t2 was illustrated among Fig. 9); EEPROM, backup RAM or similar device).
Therefore; In the present embodiment; Correct time or last maximum injection rate when after the rapid minimizing of the fuel pressure P that when injection beginning, is produced finishes fuel pressure P being stablized arrive correct time (correct time, t2 was illustrated among Fig. 9) as being detected such correct time (point of intersection); On this correct time, the pressure first rank differential value dP moves to the sidepiece greater than threshold k 2 from the sidepiece less than threshold k 2.Through this detecting strategy, can accurately grasp the above-mentioned correct time when fuel pressure P stablizes, and finally can accurately detect maximum injection rate and arrive correct time.
Processing shown in Figure 13 is used to survey above-mentioned injection and finishes correct time (t4 in correct time).
That kind shown in figure 13, in a series of processing, at first in S51, whether the t2 in correct time that confirms above-mentioned injection has been detected and whether the t4 in correct time of this injection also is not detected.Only the t2 in correct time that confirms this injection in S51 be detected and this injection correct time, t4 was surveyed the time, carry out the processing of S52 so.Promptly satisfy S51 condition period with above-mentioned correct time t4 detection corresponding period.
In S52, whether the present value of the preceding face amount of the pressure first rank differential value dP that confirms in the S22 of Fig. 5, to be calculated (be ddP (front)>0) and this pressure first rank differential value dP whether greater than 0 is equal to or less than predetermined threshold K3 (is dP (at present)≤K3).Threshold k 3 can be fixed value or changing value.Threshold k 3 is set at less than on 0 the value, promptly be set on the negative value (K3 0).
The processing of S52 is repeatedly carried out in the detection of t4 period in correct time.If in S52, confirm dP (front)>0 and dp (at present)≤K3, a series of processing of Figure 13 are through with so.If in S52, confirm dP (front)>0 and dp (at present)≤K3, finish correct time (this correct time, t4 was illustrated among Fig. 9) and be stored in predetermined storage device (for example, EEPROM backs up RAM or similar device) as spraying correct time at present among the S53 so below.
Therefore; In the present embodiment; Correct time or last injection when the pulse of fuel pressure P begins after the rapid increase of closing the fuel pressure P that is produced owing to sparger finishes finish correct time (correct time, t4 was illustrated among Fig. 9) as being detected such correct time (point of intersection); On this correct time, the pressure first rank differential value dP moves to the sidepiece less than threshold k 3 from the sidepiece greater than threshold k 3.Through this detecting strategy, can accurately grasp the variation in the above-mentioned pressure surge pattern, and finally can accurately detect to spray and finish correct time.
Processing shown in Figure 14 is used for surveying such correct time (t3 in correct time), and promptly on this correct time, Spraying rate R begins to reduce arriving above-mentioned maximum injection rate (on correct time t2) afterwards.
That kind shown in figure 14, in a series of processing, at first in S61, whether the t4 in correct time that confirms aforementioned injection has been detected and the t3 in correct time of this injection also is not detected.Only the t4 in correct time that confirms this injection in S61 be detected and this injection correct time, t3 was not detected the time, carry out the processing of S62.
In S62, the correct time that Spraying rate R begins to reduce after arriving maximum injection rate (be correct time t3 be illustrated among Fig. 9) is as being detected the correct time (t3=t4-Tc) than this injection end (t4 in correct time) Zao predetermined time of return Tc in correct time.Among the S63, correct time, t3 was stored in the predetermined storage device (for example EEPROM, backup RAM etc.) below.
According to coming to set changeably time of return Tc through the prior chart of resulting a plurality of charts such as experiment shown in Figure 15 A and 15B.The such phenomenon of this response promptly changes according to being right after at before fuel pressure P of this injections (promptly in this pressure stability time fuel pressure big or small) and this injection timing from the time that Spraying rate R begins to reduce till this injections finishes.
Figure 15 A is a chart, it show fuel pressure size P (promptly by the measured actual measured value of fuel pressure sensor 20a with through testing or the like the adaptation value (being optimum value) of resulting time of return Tc) and between relation.Such shown in Figure 15 A, according to chart, when fuel pressure size P (being basic pressure) increased, time of return Tc was set on the shorter time.
Figure 15 B is a chart, and it shows injection timing (it for example is detected as the pulse width T Q that sprays order) and through the relation between the adaptation value (being optimum value) of testing or the like resulting time of return Tc.Such shown in Figure 15 B, according to chart, at this injection timing overtime, time of return Tc was set on the longer time.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, according to surveying the correct time (being illustrated in the t3 in correct time among Fig. 9) that Spraying rate R begins to reduce after arriving above-mentioned maximum injection rate through the relative position relation between shown in Figure 13 processing detected correct time t3 and the correct time t4.Through this detecting strategy, can easily, accurately detect t3 in correct time shown in Figure 9.
Therefore; In the present embodiment; Output according to above-mentioned fuel pressure sensor 20a; Separately through Fig. 5, the processing shown in 10 and 12-14, spray (under the situation of multi-stage jet, each during burn cycle in performed a plurality of injections) for each and sequentially survey and arrive the correct time that correct time, Spraying rate R after arriving maximum injection rate, begins to reduce in injection beginning correct time, maximum injection rate and spray end correct time.In addition, according to the correct time of surveying separately, sequentially be updated in employed this correction factor (coefficient among multiple coefficient, relevant with above-mentioned correct time more strictly speaking) among the S12 of Fig. 4.Say in further detail, the more above-mentioned probe value in correct time and the reference value in correct time (keeping) separately as chart, and calculate the correction factor that is used for compensating these mistakes (deviation).Figure 16 is a chart, and it shows the detection mode of t1-t4 in correct time separately.
That kind as explained above, the fuel injection characteristic sensing device of present embodiment and fuel injection command correcting device can produce following remarkable result.
(1) fuel injection characteristic sensing device of the foregoing description is applied in the common rail type fuel injection system, and this system has common rail 12 and fuel pressure sensor (fuel pressure sensor 20a).Rail 12 is accumulated in the fuel that will be fed under the pressure in the predetermined sparger (sparger 20 of each cylinder) altogether.The fuel pressure sensor detection flows is crossed the pressure of fuel of the inside of fuel channel; This fuel channel is from being total to the fuel orifice (spray-hole 20f) that rail 12 extends to the sparger 20 that is positioned on such precalculated position; Promptly this position is positioned at the downstream of vicinity of the fuel tap hole of common rail 12 with respect to the fuel flow direction in the fuel channel; Perhaps say in further detail; Be positioned on sparger 20 sides of attachment portion 12a (being the hole), perhaps further specifically, be positioned at rail 12 together and compare more on the fuel inlet near the corresponding sparger 20 in position of the fuel orifice of sparger 20.This device has such program (S21 of fuel pressure probe portion: Fig. 5), the output of this program based on fuel pressure transducer 20a with the corresponding above-mentioned precalculated position of sensor 20a (detecting location) on sequentially survey fuel pressure.This device has such program (injection timing probe portion: Figure 10,12 and 13), and promptly the fuel pressure that detected according to the processing sequence ground by S21 of this program is surveyed predetermined correct time (injection timing) spraying with the fuel of the sparger 20 of each cylinder in the relevant a series of activities.Through this structure, for example, injection beginning correct time (t1 in correct time), maximum injection rate arrival correct time (t2 in correct time) and the injection that can survey to pinpoint accuracy sparger 20 finish correct time (t4 in correct time).
(2) fuel pressure sensor 20a is arranged on sparger 20 sides of attachment portion 12a (hole).Therefore, before reducing fuel impulse through this hole, can the detection pressure fluctuation model through fuel pressure sensor 20a.At last, can pinpoint accuracy ground detection pressure fluctuation model.
(3) common rail pressure sensor that is connected in the ordinary course of things on the common rail 12 has been omitted among the embodiment in the above, therefore, and near common rail 12, can guarantee broad space.Through having the structure of above-mentioned fuel pressure sensor 20a, even therefore common rail pressure sensor has been omitted, the sensor output of based on fuel pressure transducer 20a can be carried out common fuel injection control suitably.
(4) in the processing of Fig. 5, obtain the sensor output of above-mentioned fuel pressure sensor 20a with relatively short intervening sequences ground, this at interval in, export the chart that can produce the pressure transition waveforms through sensor.Therefore, can pinpoint accuracy ground, survey above-mentioned pressure transition waveforms (being the pressure surge pattern) suitably.
(5) in the processing of Fig. 5, with the intervening sequences of 20 μ sec obtain the sensor output of above-mentioned fuel pressure sensor 20a.Therefore, can grasp above-mentioned pressure transition waveforms (being the pressure surge pattern) suitably.
(6) fuel pressure sensor 20a is set on each of fuel inlet of sparger 20 of cylinder #1-#4.Therefore, the installation capability of each fuel pressure sensor 20a and maintainability be improved and can pinpoint accuracy ground, relatively high stability detect this pressure.
(7) this device has such program (S22 of differential part: Fig. 5 and S23), and this program is come the computing differential data by handling single order and second-order differential to be applied in the fuel pressure data that order is detected in the S21 of Fig. 5.In the processing shown in Figure 10 and 12 to 14, according to the predetermined correct time of surveying a series of activities relevant by the differentiated data that processing obtained of the S22 of Fig. 5 and S23 (correct time t1, t2, t4) with the fuel injection of above-mentioned sparger 20.Therefore, more pinpoint accuracy detect above-mentioned t1 in correct time, t2, t4.
(8) in processing shown in Figure 10; Obtain the starting point of bending point that pressure changes to descend as abrupt pressure; On this bending point, the pressure variety of time per unit has surpassed predetermined size (this size is corresponding with threshold k 1), perhaps for example as correct time; On this correct time, the second-order differential value ddP of the fuel pressure P that processing obtained of the S23 through Fig. 5 with compare predetermined threshold (threshold k 1) and move on the smaller side from larger side.In processing shown in Figure 10, survey the injection beginning correct time (t1 in correct time) of above-mentioned sparger 20 according to the pressure bending point.Therefore, can detect these correct time suitably.
(9) in the S32 of Figure 10; Obtain the pressure bending point (being set among the S31 of Figure 10) of predetermined period, the beginning of this predetermined period is set in the injection beginning order correct time of being instructed by the injection beginning order that arrives in the above-mentioned sparger 20 (promptly spraying the rising correct time of command pulse) in correct time.In S33 shown in Figure 10, survey the injection beginning correct time (t1 in correct time) of above-mentioned sparger 20 according to the pressure bending point.Therefore, can pinpoint accuracy ground survey injection beginning correct time.
(10) this device has such program, and this program is set the threshold value (threshold k 1) relevant with the point of intersection changeably according to the fuel pressure (being the fuel pressure size in stationary stage) (referring to Figure 11 A) that was right after before this injection.Therefore, can detect to pinpoint accuracy this pressure drop and finally detect to pinpoint accuracy this injection beginning correct time.
(11) this device has such program, and promptly this program is ordered according to the injection beginning that is instructed by the injection beginning order that arrives in the above-mentioned sparger 20 and set the threshold value relevant with the point of intersection (threshold k 1) (referring to Figure 11 B) correct time changeably.Therefore, can detect to pinpoint accuracy pressure drop and finally detect to pinpoint accuracy injection beginning correct time.
(12) this device has such program, and promptly this program is set the threshold value (threshold k 1) relevant with the point of intersection changeably according to the pressure (being cylinder pressure) (referring to Figure 11 C) in the cylinder 50 of target engine.Can detect to pinpoint accuracy this pressure drop and finally detect to pinpoint accuracy this injection beginning correct time.
(13) in the processing of Figure 12 and 13; The processing of S22 and S23 through Fig. 5, the n rank differential value (n is equal to, or greater than 1 integer) that the n rank differential value of based on fuel pressure calculates fuel pressure in predetermined period are compared with predetermined threshold to move on the larger side or compare from larger side with predetermined threshold from smaller side and are moved to the correct time (point of intersection) on the smaller side.In the processing of Figure 12 and 13, maximum injection rate arrival correct time and the injection of surveying above-mentioned sparger 20 according to this point of intersection finish correct time (correct time t2 and t4).Therefore, can detect to pinpoint accuracy above-mentioned correct time.
(14) in the processing of Figure 12; First order differential value according to the fuel pressure in the predetermined period; Acquisition is compared the correct time (point of intersection) when smaller side moves on the larger side in the first order differential value of fuel pressure with predetermined threshold (threshold k 2); With the end point that descends as abrupt pressure, on this end point, the pressure variety of time per unit has surpassed predetermined size (this size is corresponding with threshold k 2).In the processing of Figure 12, the maximum injection rate of surveying above-mentioned sparger 20 according to this point of intersection arrives correct time (t2 in correct time).Therefore, can grasp the above-mentioned correct time when pressure stability reliably, and finally can detect to pinpoint accuracy maximum injection rate arrival correct time.
(15) in the processing of Figure 13; First order differential value according to the fuel pressure in the predetermined period; Acquisition is compared the correct time (point of intersection) when larger side moves on the smaller side in the first order differential value of fuel pressure with predetermined threshold (threshold k 3); With the end point that increases as abrupt pressure, on this end point, the pressure change amount of time per unit has surpassed predetermined size (this size is corresponding with threshold k 3).In processing shown in Figure 13, the injection of surveying above-mentioned sparger 20 according to this point of intersection finishes correct time (t4 in correct time).Therefore, can grasp the change of the above-mentioned pressure surge pattern of fuel pressure reliably, and finally, can survey and injection to finish correct time in pinpoint accuracy ground.
(16) in the S22 and S23 of Fig. 5, be applied to the Shelving that is used for removing high frequency (the for example Shelving of low-pass filter) in the fuel pressure data that processing sequence detected by the S21 of Fig. 5.Then, single order and second-order differential are handled and are applied in the data of having carried out Shelving, thereby obtain above-mentioned differentiated data.Therefore; Be applied in the data of having carried out Shelving by handling differential; Variation variation, fuel pressure of following the actual ejection state or spraying working state can be detected to pinpoint accuracy, and finally, above-mentioned correct time separately can be detected to pinpoint accuracy.
(17) in the processing of Figure 10, spray the predetermined correct time of relevant a series of activities, promptly spray and finish correct time (first injection timing) according to surveying by the fuel pressure that processing sequence detected of the S21 of Fig. 5 with the fuel of above-mentioned sparger 20.This device has such program (second injection timing probe portion: Figure 14); Promptly this program fuel of surveying above-mentioned sparger 20 according to the relative position relation between correct time t3 and the correct time t4 sprays that be that t3 in correct time (second injection timing) is (on this correct time predetermined correct time among correct time of relevant a series of activities; This Spraying rate begins minimizing after arriving maximum injection rate), rather than t4 in correct time.Say in further detail, in the processing of Figure 14, survey than spray and finish t4 in the correct time Zao correct time that should be scheduled to time of return Tc with as t3 in above-mentioned correct time.Therefore, can survey the t3 in correct time that (estimation) Spraying rate begins to reduce easily after arriving maximum injection rate by another injection timing (t4 in correct time).
(18) this device has such program, and promptly this program is set time of return Tc (referring to Figure 15 A) changeably according to being right after in the fuel pressure before this injection (that is the size of the fuel pressure in stationary stage).Therefore, can detect to pinpoint accuracy this Spraying rate and reduce beginning t3 in correct time.
(19) this device has such program, and promptly this program is set time of return Tc (referring to Figure 15 B) changeably according to injection timing (for example it is equal to the pulse width of spraying order).Therefore, can detect to pinpoint accuracy this Spraying rate and reduce beginning t3 in correct time.
(20) can detect a plurality of correct time of spraying relevant a series of activities with the fuel of above-mentioned sparger 20 by Figure 12 with 13 processing.In the S21 of Fig. 5; In predetermined period, sequentially survey the fuel pressure of each time, the beginning that can survey this predetermined period be set to correct time with predetermined one (correct time t1 or t2) among the fuel of above-mentioned sparger 20 sprays relevant a series of a plurality of correct time correct time when surveying on.In the S51 of the S41 of Figure 12 or Figure 13, set this predetermined period.In the processing of Figure 12 or 13, survey the predetermined correct time (correct time t2 or t4) of spraying relevant a series of activities with the fuel of above-mentioned sparger 20 according to the fuel pressure in the predetermined period.Therefore, by according to setting detection period a correct time, can easily, correctly survey another injection timing (the next correct time in the correct time of being detected) being set in detection period of suitable time.
(21) spray command correcting device and have such program (correction portion), promptly this program use by above-mentioned fuel injection characteristic sensing device detected, spray the injection of proofreading and correct relevant predetermined correct time (correct time, t1 was to t4) in the above-mentioned sparger 20 of arrival with fuel and order.When the correct time of therefore being detected, each among the t1 to t4 was big with respect to the mistake of each corresponding benchmark correct time (promptly obtaining a desired value in advance by experiment or similar approach); Proofread and correct to arrive in the sparger 20 this and spray order, so that for example be reflected in the injection in the rear wall firing circulation in the injection result of current combustion cycle period.Therefore, this mistake can be compensated.By carrying out this correction of spraying order continuously, be applied to this feedback simultaneously and spray in the order, the fuel that in long period, can carry out on suitable correct time sprays.
The foregoing description can for example improve as following and carry out.
In the above-described embodiments, thus this hole is arranged on the pressure pulse that has reduced among the 12a of attachment portion in the common rail 12.In addition, mobile attenuator (fuel impulse minimizing part) can be set replace the hole, perhaps come together to reduce the pressure pulse in the common rail 12 with this hole.
In the above-described embodiments, set detection period and stop period with the pattern shown in Fig. 6 or 7.The present invention is not limited to this, but can set detection period or stop period with pattern arbitrarily.Detection period or stop period and can be set at through experiment or the like resulting fixed value.In addition, use the corresponding variable value of situation (more particularly, being engine behavior) of conduct such as chart and each time, can set detection period or stop period.If it is unwanted, stopping period so can be removed.
In the above-described embodiments, this device has such program, and promptly this program is according to being right after at this injections fuel pressure before setting threshold K1 or time of return Tc changeably.The present invention is not limited to this.In addition, the changeable parameters ground setting threshold K1 or the time of return Tc that are equal to the value of the fuel pressure (it replaces the fuel pressure that was right after before spraying) that was right after before spraying according to expression.That is the estimation of based on fuel pressure size setting threshold K1 or time of return Tc changeably.
In the above-described embodiments; Sparger 20 has control valve for fluids (promptly outer valve 202b) and needle 20c; Wherein this control valve for fluids control fluid flow in the predetermined space (being the Cd of hydraulic chamber) and fluid and from the Cd of this hydraulic chamber, flows out; This needle 20c carries out the to-and-fro motion work in the valve body of above-mentioned sparger 20 according to the variation in pressure of the Cd of hydraulic chamber of the inflow of following fluid and outflow; Extend to the fuel supply channel among the spray-hole 20f (fuel orifice) thereby open and close, the valve of therefore carrying out sparger 20 opens with valve and cuts out.In this case; This device can be configured that the valve of surveying outer valve 202b is opened correct time (t0 in correct time shown in Figure 9) or valve cuts out correct time (t2a in correct time shown in Figure 9); With starting point as abrupt pressure descends or abrupt pressure rises; On this starting point; The pressure variety of time per unit has surpassed predetermined size, perhaps says in further detail, for example moves on the smaller side or correct time when smaller side moves on the larger side as comparing with predetermined threshold in the first order differential value of the fuel pressure that processing obtained of the S23 through Fig. 5 from larger side.Through this structure, can survey above-mentioned correct time suitably, and finally can accurately grasp the state of above-mentioned sparger 20.Consequently, can carry out accurate sparger control according to the situation of each time.
During a burn cycle, can proofread and correct the injection order that arrives above-mentioned sparger 20.For example; For use in certain burn cycle of target engine by fuel injection characteristic sensing device detected, spray with fuel scheduled event relevant correct time (for example; Sparger 20 begins the t1 in correct time of this injection); Thereby the correct time that is adjusted at predetermined work that carry out, relevant with the fuel injection of sparger after detection correct time of scheduled event in the identical burn cycle (for example; The valve of sparger 20 cuts out t4 in correct time), therefore device can comprise such program, i.e. (the for example energising period (pulse width) of sparger 20) ordered in this correction to program injection predetermined work, that arrive in sparger 20 relevant with the fuel injection.Therefore, because the injection beginning emitted dose mistake that deviation is produced correct time can be compensated, and make fuel injection amount at that time keep suitable.
In the above-described embodiments, think and to adopt so adaptive chart (being used among the S12 of Fig. 4) that the adaptation value of this adaptive chart is confirmed through experiment or similar approach in advance, and upgraded the correction factor that is used for according to adaptive chart correction spray characteristic.In addition, without this correction factor, but corrected value (value that promptly reflects this correction factor) can be stored in EEPROM or the similar device.If make this corrected value have enough reliabilities, can adopt the structure that do not need above-mentioned adaptive chart so, be adaptive less structure through this structure.
Can obtain the starting point of bending point that pressure changes to increase as abrupt pressure; In this starting point; The pressure change amount of time per unit surpasses predetermined size; Perhaps for example as such correct time, promptly on this correct time, the second-order differential value ddP of the fuel pressure P that processing obtained of the S23 through Fig. 5 compares from smaller side with predetermined threshold and moves on the larger side.Then, survey the correct time (t3 in correct time) (referring to the part (d) of Fig. 9) when Spraying rate R begins to reduce according to the pressure bending point after the maximum injection rate of the above-mentioned sparger 20 of arrival.Therefore, can survey t3 in correct time suitably.
Can come according to the differential value on predetermined correct time (for example, predetermined period in minimum value or maximum value) detection of a target correct time (these correct time t1-t4 in each).
Replacement the point of intersection of being detected as target correct time (correct time t1-t4 in each), but to be used as target correct time the correct time that this point of intersection is the basis.For example, near this point of intersection but with this point of intersection can be at a distance of certain correct time of an intended distance as target correct time.
For example; In order to carry out data analysis or the like; It is effective making this device be provided with such program; Promptly this program is not confirming to survey a plurality of point of intersection or a plurality of pressure bending points under the detection situation in period; Be it through with the similar processing of Figure 10,12 and 13 processing (for example; Do not have Figure 10,12 and 13 of S31, S41 and S51 to handle) survey a plurality of point of intersection or a plurality of pressure bending points, and in this state, confirm whether these point of intersection or pressure bending point are target point of intersection or goal pressure bending point (promptly with target relevant these point of intersection or pressure bending point in correct time) correct time according to the detection of these point of intersection or pressure bending point (promptly by relatively these survey the detection correct time in correct time and other correct time).
In addition; It is effective making this device be provided with such program; Promptly this program is for example calculated these point of intersection or pressure bending point for each burn cycle with time sequencing; And, confirm according to each the position in these point of intersection or the pressure bending point whether in these point of intersection or the pressure bending point each is target point of intersection or goal pressure bending point according to time sequencing.
It also is effective making this device be provided with such program; Promptly this program is not confirming to survey a plurality of point of intersection or a plurality of pressure bending points under the detection situation in period; Be it through with the similar processing of Figure 10,12 and 13 processing (for example; Do not have Figure 10 of S31, S41 and S51,12 and 13 processing) a plurality of point of intersection of detection or a plurality of pressure bending points; Reach detection correct time (by the detection correct time in comparison detection correct time and other correct time) according to this point of intersection or pressure bending point; In each detection time, confirm whether this point of intersection or pressure bending point are target point of intersection or goal pressure bending point (promptly with target relevant point of intersection or pressure bending point in correct time).In addition; It is effective making device be provided with such program; Promptly when detecting this point of intersection or pressure bending point, this program is added up this point of intersection or pressure bending point (count up (+1)), and according to time sequencing; According to the position of this point of intersection or pressure bending point, confirm whether this point of intersection or pressure bending point are target point of intersection or goal pressure bending point.
So construct this device, thus the time diffusion value of this device based on fuel pressure to survey the node of above-mentioned pulse mode (pressure waveform), local maximum point and local smallest point also be effective.This differential value is 0 on local maximum point or local smallest point.This differential value is maximized on node.
The use of above-mentioned fuel injection characteristic sensing device is not limited to the correction of above-mentioned injection order.In addition, for example, according to data accumulation, this device can be used to carry out data analysis, and according to the mistake by the predetermined correct time that this device detected, this device can be used for the fault diagnosis of fuel injection system, or the like.Through this fault diagnosis, can prevent fault treatment or similar processing in the interim execution morning of this fault.
And, can adopt through needle and come the sparger of opening/closing spray-hole or the sparger that outer valve is opened type.
In the above-described embodiments, the fuel pressure sensor 20a that is used for surveying fuel pressure is connected in the fuel inlet of above-mentioned sparger 20.In addition, fuel pressure sensor 20a can be arranged in the sparger 20 (for example, near spray-hole 20f shown in Figure 2).Can use the fuel pressure sensor of arbitrary number.For example, two or more a plurality of sensors can be set in the fuel flow channels of a cylinder.In the above-described embodiments, fuel pressure sensor 20a is set in each cylinder.In addition, this one or more sensor can only be arranged in the part of these cylinders (for example only being set in the cylinder), and can be used for other cylinder with the estimation that sensor is output as the basis.
In the above-described embodiments, cylinder pressure sensors 53 is set in each cylinder.In addition, sensor can only be arranged in the part in these cylinders and (for example only be arranged in the cylinder).Only be arranged on by this way on the part of these cylinders at this cylinder pressure sensors and be not arranged on sensor under the situation in other cylinder, use in being provided with the cylinder of cylinder pressure sensors the actual measured value of resulting cylinder pressure to estimate that the cylinder pressure of other cylinder is effective.Therefore, can measure the cylinder pressure of many cylinders, the number of sensor and calculated load are minimized.And, can pinpoint accuracy ground control spray characteristic (emitted dose or the like) according to measured value.If it is unwanted, cylinder pressure sensors 53 can be removed so.
In the above-described embodiments, sequentially obtain the sensor output of above-mentioned fuel pressure sensor 20a with the interval (promptly in a circulation) of 20 μ sec.Obtain in the scope of the trend that can grasp above-mentioned pressure surge, can at random change at interval.But according to the experiment that the inventor carries out, less than 50 μ sec is effective at interval.
Except above-mentioned fuel pressure sensor 20a, it also is effective that the pressure that common rail pressure sensor measures in the common rail 12 are set.Through this structure, except the pressure measuring value that is obtained through above-mentioned fuel pressure sensor 20a, can also obtain the pressure (common rail pressure) in the common rail 12.Consequently, can detect to pinpoint accuracy fuel pressure.
According to purposes etc., also can at random improve as this system architecture of the motor of control target.
Among the embodiment, the present invention can be applied in the diesel engine as an example in the above.But basically, the present invention also can be applied in the petrol engine (more particularly, direct injection engine) or analogue of spark ignition type in a similar fashion.For example, the fuel injection system of G. D. I engine generally has delivery pipe, and this delivery pipe is with high pressure conditions storage of fuels (gasoline).In this system, fuel is pumped into the delivery pipe from petrolift, and the fuel under high pressure in the delivery pipe is sprayed through sparger and supplied in the engine chamber.The present invention also can be applied in this system.In this system, delivery pipe is corresponding with accumulator.
This device of the present invention and system not only can be applied to and be directly injected to fuel in the sparger in the cylinder, thereby and can be applied to and be ejected into fuel in the gas-entered passageway of motor or in the exhaust passage in the sparger of the fuel injection characteristic etc. of control sparger.And the target sparger is not limited to sparger illustrated in fig. 2, and can be sparger arbitrarily.When this improvement of this structure was applied in the foregoing description, when needed, it was desirable changing over optimised form (as design modification) to the details of above-mentioned various processing (program) suitably according to practical structures (like design modification).
In embodiment and the improvement, suppose to use various softwares (program) in the above.In addition, can realize identical function by hardware such as special circuit.
Although described the present invention in conjunction with thinking the preferred embodiment that has practicability most at present; But will be appreciated that; The present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but opposite, and the present invention is used for covering various improvement and falls into the spirit of accessory claim and the equivalent arrangements in the scope.
Claims (35)
1. fuel injection characteristic sensing device; Be used in the fuel injection system; This fuel injection system has accumulator and at least one fuel pressure sensor; This accumulator is being accumulated the fuel that supplies under pressure in the predetermined sparger; This at least one fuel pressure sensor detection flows near the precalculated position of the downstream part the fuel tap hole that is positioned at accumulator with respect to the fuel flow direction is crossed the pressure of the inner fuel of fuel channel, and this fuel channel extends to the fuel orifice of sparger from accumulator, and this fuel injection characteristic sensing device comprises:
The fuel pressure probe portion, be used for according to this at least one fuel pressure sensor at least one output with the corresponding precalculated position of fuel pressure sensor on sequentially survey fuel pressure;
The injection timing probe portion; Be used for surveying predetermined correct time spraying relevant a series of activities, wherein spray and comprise that injection beginning correct time, maximum injection rate arrive correct time, correct time that Spraying rate begins to reduce and the injection end correct time of sparger in predetermined correct time in the relevant a series of activities after arriving maximum injection rate with the fuel of sparger with the fuel of sparger according to the fuel pressure that is sequentially detected by the fuel pressure probe portion.
2. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Fuel injection system has fuel impulse and reduces part, and this minimizing part is set in place the joint between the fuel discharge pipe of accumulator and accumulator, is delivered to the fuel impulse in the accumulator thereby reduced through fuel discharge pipe; And
The precalculated position that at least one fuel pressure sensor detection flows is crossed the inner fuel pressure of fuel channel is arranged on the downstream part that fuel impulse reduces part with respect to the fuel flow direction, and wherein this fuel channel extends to the fuel orifice of sparger from accumulator.
3. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 2 is characterized in that,
Fuel impulse minimizing part is made up of the combination of hole, flow damper or hole and mobile damper.
4. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
At least one fuel pressure sensor is arranged in this injector interior perhaps near this sparger.
5. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
At least one fuel pressure sensor is set in place in the fuel discharge pipe of the accumulator of such position, compares with accumulator, and this position is more near the fuel orifice of sparger.
6. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
The fuel pressure probe portion obtains the sensor output of fuel pressure sensor with the intervening sequences ground of enough weak points, thereby can draw the figure of the pressure transition waveforms of sensor output.
7. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
The fuel pressure probe portion obtains the sensor output of fuel pressure sensor with the intervening sequences ground less than 50 microseconds.
8. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises:
The differential part; Be used for single order and more higher differentiation handle and to be applied to the fuel pressure data that detected by fuel pressure probe portion order, thereby obtain comprising the correct time of differential value on predetermined correct time, the predetermined differential value of expression and wherein differential value represent at least one the differentiated data in correct time of predetermined change pattern;
The injection timing probe portion is surveyed with the fuel of sparger according to the differentiated data that is obtained by the differential part and is sprayed the predetermined correct time in the relevant a series of activities.
9. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 8 is characterized in that,
Differential partly obtains bending point that pressure changes with as such correct time, and promptly on this correct time, differential value is represented predetermined change pattern.
10. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 9 is characterized in that,
The injection timing probe portion is surveyed in the injection end correct time that arrives correct time, correct time that Spraying rate begins to reduce and sparger in injection beginning correct time, maximum injection rate when Spraying rate is maximum after arriving maximum injection rate according to the pressure bending point that is obtained by differential part.
11. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 10 is characterized in that,
Differential part obtains the pressure bending point in predetermined period, on the correct time that the beginning of this predetermined period is set in injection beginning order correct time of arriving in the sparger correct time or is the basis correct time with this order; And
The injection timing probe portion is surveyed the injection beginning correct time of sparger according to the pressure bending point in the predetermined period that is obtained by the differential part.
12. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 9 is characterized in that, also comprises:
First confirms part; Be used for partly detecting under a plurality of pressure bending point states at differential; Perhaps when the pressure bending point is partly detected by differential; According to the time sequencing of pressure bending point, according to the detection correct time of pressure bending point or the position of pressure bending point confirming whether the pressure bending point that is detected by the differential part is the goal pressure bending point.
13. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 8 is characterized in that,
Differential partly obtains the point of intersection with as such correct time; Promptly on this correct time; The n rank differential value of fuel pressure is compared with predetermined threshold to move on the larger side or compare from larger side with this predetermined threshold from smaller side according to the n rank differential value of the fuel pressure in the predetermined period and is moved on the smaller side, and n is equal to, or greater than 1 integer; And
The injection timing probe portion is surveyed the predetermined correct time of spraying relevant a series of activities with the fuel of sparger according to this point of intersection that is obtained by the differential part.
14. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 13 is characterized in that,
Differential partly obtains this point of intersection as such correct time, and promptly on this correct time, the second-order differential value of fuel pressure is compared from larger side with predetermined threshold according to the second-order differential value of the fuel pressure in the predetermined period and moved on the smaller side; And
The injection timing probe portion is surveyed the injection beginning correct time of sparger according to this point of intersection that is obtained by the differential part.
15. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 14 is characterized in that, also comprises:
First setting section is used for setting the threshold value relevant with this point of intersection changeably according to being right after the fuel pressure before spraying or being right after in the value that is equal to of this injection fuel pressure before.
16. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 14 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Second setting section is used for changeably according to injection beginning order setting in the correct time threshold value relevant with this point of intersection that is instructed by the injection beginning order that arrives sparger.
17. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 14 is characterized in that, also comprises:
The 3rd setting section is used for setting the threshold value relevant with this point of intersection according to the changeable pressure ground in the cylinder of target engine.
18. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 13 is characterized in that,
Differential partly obtains this point of intersection with as such correct time, and promptly on this correct time, the first order differential value of fuel pressure is compared from smaller side with predetermined threshold according to the first order differential value of the fuel pressure in the predetermined period and moved on the larger side; And
The maximum injection rate that the injection timing probe portion is surveyed sparger according to this point of intersection that is obtained by the differential part arrives correct time, and on this correct time, it is maximum that Spraying rate reaches.
19. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 13 is characterized in that,
Differential partly obtains this point of intersection with as such correct time, and promptly on this correct time, the first order differential value of fuel pressure moves on the smaller side from larger side with comparing predetermined threshold according to the first order differential value of the fuel pressure in the predetermined period, and
The injection that the injection timing probe portion is surveyed sparger according to the point of intersection that is obtained by the differential part finishes correct time.
20. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 13 is characterized in that,
Sparger has control valve for fluids and needle; This control valve for fluids control fluid flow in the predetermined space and flows out from this space with fluid; This needle changes the to-and-fro motion work of carrying out in the sparger valve body according to the space pressure of the inflow of following fluid and outflow; Thereby open and close spray-hole or extend to the fuel supply channel in this spray-hole, the valve of therefore carrying out sparger opens with valve and cuts out;
Differential partly obtains this point of intersection with as such correct time, and on this correct time, the first order differential value of fuel pressure is compared from smaller side with predetermined threshold according to the first order differential value of the fuel pressure in the predetermined period and moved on the larger side, and
The injection timing probe portion is surveyed closing correct time of control valve for fluids according to this point of intersection that is obtained by the differential part.
21. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 13 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Second confirms part; Be used under the state that partly detects a plurality of point of intersection through differential or when this point of intersection is partly detected by differential; According to the time sequencing of these point of intersection, according to the detection correct time of this point of intersection or the position of this point of intersection confirming whether this point of intersection of being detected by the differential part is the target point of intersection.
22. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 8 is characterized in that,
Differential is partly surveyed the starting point that abrupt pressure increases or abrupt pressure reduces, and to represent the correct time of predetermined change pattern as differential value, on this starting point, the pressure variety of time per unit surpasses predetermined size.
23. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 22 is characterized in that,
In the correct time that the injection timing probe portion is surveyed sparger according to the starting point that the pressure that is obtained by differential part increases or pressure reduces injection beginning correct time and Spraying rate begin to reduce after the arrival maximum injection rate any.
24. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 22 is characterized in that,
Sparger has control valve for fluids and needle; This control valve for fluids control fluid flow in the predetermined space and flows out from this space with fluid; This needle changes the to-and-fro motion work of carrying out in the sparger valve body according to the space pressure of the inflow of following fluid and outflow; Thereby open and close spray-hole or extend to the fuel supply channel in this spray-hole, the valve of therefore carrying out sparger opens with valve and cuts out; And
The valve of injection timing probe portion detection control valve for fluids opens with valve and cuts out any in correct time.
25. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 8 is characterized in that,
Differential is partly surveyed the end point that abrupt pressure increases or abrupt pressure reduces, and to represent the correct time of predetermined change pattern as differential value, on this end point, the pressure change amount of time per unit surpasses predetermined size.
26. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 25 is characterized in that,
The injection that the injection timing probe portion is surveyed sparger according to the end point that the pressure that is obtained by differential part increases or pressure reduces finishes correct time and Spraying rate and reaches any in maximum maximum injection rate arrival correct time.
27. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 8 is characterized in that,
The Shelving that differential part will be used for removing high frequency is applied in the fuel pressure data that sequentially detected by the fuel pressure probe portion; Then single order or more the differential of high-order handle and to be applied in the data of having carried out Shelving, thereby obtain this differentiated data.
28. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
The injection timing probe portion is surveyed first injection timing according to the fuel pressure that is detected by fuel pressure probe portion order, and with the predetermined correct time as a series of activities relevant with the fuel injection of sparger, this fuel injection characteristic sensing device also comprises:
The second injection timing probe portion; Be used for according to the relative position relation of second injection timing with respect to first injection timing that is detected by the injection timing probe portion; Survey second injection timing, with as with the fuel of sparger spray relevant a series of activities, be not the predetermined correct time of first injection timing among these correct time.
29. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 28 is characterized in that,
First injection timing is that the injection of sparger finishes correct time, and reaching second injection timing is such correct time, and promptly on this correct time, Spraying rate begins to reduce after arriving maximum injection rate; And
The second injection timing probe portion is surveyed second injection timing, with as the correct time than the Zao predetermined time of return of first injection timing that is detected by the injection timing probe portion.
30. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 29 is characterized in that, also comprises:
The 4th setting section is used for setting time of return changeably according to the fuel pressure or this value that is equal to that is right after the fuel pressure before this injection that were right after before spraying.
31. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 29 is characterized in that, also comprises:
The 5th setting section is used for to set changeably time of return according to injection timing.
32. fuel injection characteristic sensing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
The injection timing probe portion is configured to, and can come together to survey a plurality of correct time of spraying relevant a series of activities with the fuel of sparger individually or with the fuel pressure probe portion;
The fuel pressure probe portion is sequentially surveyed fuel pressure on the time separately in predetermined period; The beginning of this predetermined period is set to surveying with the fuel of sparger correct time sprays the predetermined correct time during by detection in a plurality of correct time of relevant a series of activities; Perhaps be set on the correct time that is basis correct time with predetermined one in a plurality of correct time detection, reach
The injection timing probe portion is surveyed the predetermined correct time of spraying relevant a series of activities with the fuel of sparger according to the fuel pressure in the predetermined period.
33. a fuel injection command correcting device comprises:
Correction portion is used for using and proofreaies and correct the injection order that arrives sparger relevant predetermined correct time by spraying with fuel of being detected like the arbitrary described fuel injection characteristic sensing device of claim 1-32.
34. fuel injection command correcting device according to claim 33 is characterized in that,
Correction portion used with in the specific burn cycle of target engine by correct time that fuel injection characteristic sensing device detected sprays relevant scheduled event with fuel; Spray the operation that operation that relevant scheduled event comprises that injection valve begins to spray and injection valve are closed with fuel; Thereby be corrected to the injection order in the arrival sparger relevant with predetermined work; The fuel of this predetermined work performed sparger after relating to detection correct time of scheduled event in above-mentioned burn cycle sprays, and has therefore adjusted the correct time that relates to the predetermined work that fuel sprays.
35. fuel injection command correcting device according to claim 34 is characterized in that,
Be such correct time the correct time of spraying relevant scheduled event with fuel, and promptly sparger begins this injections on this correct time, and the predetermined work that relates to the fuel injection is that the valve of sparger cuts out work.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007227114A JP4428427B2 (en) | 2007-08-31 | 2007-08-31 | Fuel injection characteristic detecting device and fuel injection command correcting device |
| JP227114/2007 | 2007-08-31 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101377164A CN101377164A (en) | 2009-03-04 |
| CN101377164B true CN101377164B (en) | 2012-10-31 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008102111554A Expired - Fee Related CN101377164B (en) | 2007-08-31 | 2008-08-28 | Fuel injection characteristic sensing device and fuel injection command correcting device |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8437942B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2031230B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP4428427B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101377164B (en) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP4428427B2 (en) | 2010-03-10 |
| JP2009057924A (en) | 2009-03-19 |
| EP2031230A2 (en) | 2009-03-04 |
| EP2031230B1 (en) | 2017-03-22 |
| CN101377164A (en) | 2009-03-04 |
| US8437942B2 (en) | 2013-05-07 |
| EP2031230A3 (en) | 2015-03-04 |
| US20090063013A1 (en) | 2009-03-05 |
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