CN101351725A - 用于双基地雷达的电磁透镜天线装置 - Google Patents
用于双基地雷达的电磁透镜天线装置 Download PDFInfo
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- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/03—Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
- G01S7/038—Feedthrough nulling circuits
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Abstract
一种电磁透镜天线装置,该装置包括:电磁透镜(2),用于发射;电磁透镜(3),用于接收;两个初级辐射器(4、5),各位于电磁透镜(2、3)中的一个的焦点处;臂(12),夹持初级辐射器(4、5);和台子(8)。臂(12)关于第一轴(A)可旋转,其中,第一轴(A)经由电磁透镜(2、3)的中心延伸。台子(8)关于第二轴(B)旋转,其中,第二轴(B)垂直于第一轴(A)。初级辐射器(4、5)与臂(12)一起关于第一轴(A)旋转,并与台子(8)一起关于第二轴(B)旋转。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电磁透镜天线装置,该电磁透镜天线装置利用发射和接收无线电波的电磁透镜。
背景技术
通常,各种类型的雷达装置用于气象观测和空气控制。这类的雷达设备从天线向着目标物发射高频的无线电波比如微波,并接收反射波,以检测目标物的大小、形状、距离和速度。例如,气象雷达设备向大气中的水滴发射无线电波,并通过分析接收到的反射波来检测降水面积和降水量的大小。
这类的雷达设备包括单基地型和双基地型。单基地雷达设备利用单个天线来发射和接收信号。即,单基地雷达设备交替地将天线连接到发射器和接收器。双基地雷达设备具有两个天线,或者具有连接到发射器的传输天线和连接到接收器的接收天线。
例如,第11-14749号日本未决特开中公开了一种单基地雷达设备,包括发射器、天线、接收器和循环器(circulator)。发射器产生并输出高频脉冲信号。天线将发射器产生的高频信号作为高频无线电波发射,接收由目标物反射的高频无线电波,并将接收到的无线电波输出到接收器。循环器在高频信号从发射器到天线的传输与高频信号从天线到接收器的传输之间切换。
为了扩大检测范围(在可检测的距离内),典型的雷达设备需要利用相对较大的传输功率(几十瓦特至几千瓦特),并需要能够接收极弱的信号(150dB或更大的动态范围)。然而,在单基地雷达设备中,来自发射器的传输功率的大致百分之一(-20dB)泄露到接收器。由此显著地降低了雷达设备的观测性能并损坏了接收器。
为了解决这个问题,以上的公开中公开了一种雷达设备,该雷达设备具有产生并输出高频脉冲信号的发射器。该设备包括用于保护接收器的保护开关。保护开关例如位于循环器和接收器之间。为了保护接收器,当在传输无线电波时,保护开关导通,并阻挡来自发射器的泄露的电功率。当接收无线电波时,发射器的电源被切断,从而抑制电功率的泄露。
雷达的最大检测范围主要由平均传输功率和所使用的天线的性能来决定。然而,由于单基地雷达设备发射高频脉冲信号,因此与传输的高频信号不是脉冲信号的情况相比,对于相同峰值的功率,平均传输功率较小。因此,在传输高频脉冲信号从而平均传输功率减半的情况下,天线的面积必须加倍来得到与信号不是脉冲信号的情况下相同的最大检测范围。这样就增大了雷达设备的尺寸并提高了成本。此外,由于高频脉冲信号的占空比(传输周期/脉冲重复周期)是百分之几,因此雷达设备的观测性能显著降低。
在包括分立地提供的传输天线和接收天线的双基地雷达设备中,没有表现出上述问题。这种设备有效地抑制了来自发射器的电功率的泄漏。此外,由于发射器产生并输出高频信号,因此与单基地雷达设备相比,观测性能得以显著提高。
典型的双基地雷达设备具有两个天线,这两个天线的外径在几十厘米到几米的范围内。因此,在双基地雷达用于气象雷达设备的情况下,需要复杂结构的驱动机构来启动对地平线以上的空间进行光束扫描(下文中,被称作体积扫描)的天线。例如,当天线沿着水平和垂直方向以每秒1转的转数(60rpm)高速旋转时,转矩大。由此,大负载施加到天线驱动机制。因此有可能损坏天线装置。这缩短了设备的寿命。为了使设备经受住这样的转矩,用于支撑天线和驱动机构的构件的力量需要增大。这样也增加了天线装置的尺寸和成本。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的在于提供一种双基地电磁透镜天线装置,该装置能够以不昂贵且简单的构造来进行体积扫描,并具有减轻的重量和延长的寿命。
为了实现上述目的,根据本发明的一个方面,提供了一种电磁透镜天线装置,该装置包括:用于发射和接收的两个球形电磁透镜、至少两个初级辐射器、夹持构件、旋转构件和支撑构件。每个电磁透镜由介电材料形成。每个电磁透镜的相对介电常数沿着径向方向以预定的比率改变。每个初级辐射器位于电磁透镜中的一个的焦点处。夹持构件夹持初级辐射器,并关于第一轴旋转,其中,第一轴经由电磁透镜的中心延伸。旋转构件关于第二轴旋转,第二轴垂直于第一轴。支撑构件将夹持构件支撑在旋转构件上。初级辐射器与夹持构件一起关于第一轴旋转,与旋转构件一起关于第二轴旋转。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供了一种电磁透镜天线装置,该装置包括用于发射和接收的两个球形的电磁透镜、至少两个第一初级辐射器、第一夹持构件、旋转构件、第一支撑构件、至少两个第二初级辐射器、第二夹持构件和第二支撑构件。每个电磁透镜由介电材料形成。每个电磁透镜的相对介电常数沿着径向方向以预定的比率改变。每个第一初级辐射器位于电磁透镜中的一个的焦点处。第一夹持构件夹持第一初级辐射器,并关于第一轴旋转,其中,第一轴经由电磁透镜的中心延伸。旋转构件关于第二轴旋转,第二轴垂直于第一轴。第一支撑构件将第一夹持构件支撑在旋转构件上。每个第二初级辐射器位于电磁透镜中的一个的焦点处。第二夹持构件夹持第二初级辐射器,并关于第一轴旋转。第二支撑构件将第二夹持构件支撑在旋转构件上。第一初级辐射器与第一夹持构件关于第一轴旋转,并与旋转构件一起关于第二轴旋转。第二初级辐射器与第二夹持构件一起关于第一轴旋转,并与旋转构件一起关于第二轴旋转。
根据本发明的又一方面,提供了一种电磁透镜天线装置,该装置包括两个球形的电磁透镜、至少两个初级辐射器、夹持构件、旋转构件和支撑构件。每个电磁透镜由介电材料形成。每个电磁透镜的相对介电常数沿着径向方向以预定的比率改变。每个初级辐射器位于电磁透镜中的一个的焦点处。夹持构件夹持初级辐射器,使得每个初级辐射器位于对应的电磁透镜的焦点处。夹持构件沿着一圆形的弧延伸,所述圆形的中心与第一轴重合,其中,第一轴延伸经由电磁透镜的中心。旋转构件关于第二轴旋转,第二轴垂直于第一轴。支撑构件将夹持构件支撑在旋转构件上。初级辐射器沿着夹持构件关于第一轴移动,并与旋转构件一起关于第二轴旋转。
通过本发明的原理的示例的方式示出,结合附图,从下面的描述中,本发明的其它方面和优点将变得清楚。
附图说明
通过参照下面对当前优选实施例的描述和附图,本发明及本发明的目的和优点可以更好地被理解,在附图中:
图1是示出了根据一个实施例的电磁透镜天线装置的透视图;
图2是说明用于发射的初级辐射器(primary radiator)的操作的视图;
图3是示出了用于支撑电磁透镜的支撑构件的放大的局部透视图;
图4是示出了设置有电磁透镜的雷达设备的电路的框图;
图5是示出了根据更改的电磁透镜天线装置的平面图;
图6是示出了根据更改的电磁透镜天线装置的透视图;
图7是示出了根据更改的电磁透镜天线装置的透视图;
图8是示出了包括旋转接头(rotary joint)的部分的放大的剖视图;
图9是示出了根据更改的电磁透镜天线装置的透视图。
具体实施方式
现在将参照图1至图4来描述本发明的一个实施例。
如图1所示,电磁透镜天线装置1包括:电磁透镜2,用于发射;电磁透镜3,用于接收;初级辐射器4,位于电磁透镜2的焦点;初级辐射器5,位于电磁透镜3的焦点。
电磁透镜2、3是球形的龙伯(Luneberg)透镜。龙伯透镜由介电材料形成,并包括:位于中心的球芯,以及覆盖该球芯的不同直径的多个球壳。介电材料是指显示出顺电性、铁电性或反铁电性的材料,介电材料没有导电特性。电磁透镜2、3的相对介电常数沿着径向方向以恒定的比率(rate)发生变化。在电磁透镜2和电磁透镜3的每个中,相对介电常数εγ满足表达式εγ=2-(r/R)2。相对介电常数在中心处是2,且向着外围接近1。在上述表达式中,符号R表示球的半径,符号r表示距离中心的距离。在本实施例中,电磁透镜2、3的半径被设置成例如600mm或450mm。
用于龙伯透镜的介电材料可以是聚烯烃基合成树脂比如聚乙烯树脂、聚丙烯树脂和聚苯乙烯树脂的泡沫。无机高介电填充剂比如氧化钛、钛酸盐和锆酸盐可以被添加到合成树脂中来形成泡沫。通过变化膨胀比来控制比重,这种介电泡沫的相对介电常数得以调节。泡沫的比重越大,相对介电常数变得越大。
可以通过化学发泡法来形成介电泡沫,在化学发泡法中,当被热分解产生氮气的发泡剂添加到原料(合成树脂的单质或者合成树脂和无机高介电填充剂的混合物)中,并将所得产物引入到将造成起泡的模具中。可选择地,可通过发泡珠法来形成介电泡沫,在发泡珠法中,已经浸透有挥发性发泡剂的颗粒材料在模具外部造成泡沫,且所得到的珠子被引入到模具中。然后,用蒸汽将模具加热,从而珠子再次气泡且被熔结。
采用形成为类似四棱柱的支撑体6、7,电磁透镜2、3被支撑在用作旋转构件的台子8上,且电磁透镜2、3的中心位于第一轴A上。台子8沿着方位方向(图1中的箭头X指示的方向)关于第二轴B可旋转,其中,台子8的中心位于第二轴B上。第二轴B垂直于第一轴A,其中,电磁透镜2、3的中心位于第一轴A上。为了支撑电磁透镜2、3和支撑体6、7的重量且为了承受台子8的高速旋转,台子8优选较轻。因此,例如,纤维增强塑料(FRP)适合用作台子8的材料。作为FRP的纤维增强,可以使用玻璃纤维、芳族聚酰胺(aramid)纤维或石英纤维。作为用作FRP的矩阵的塑料,例如,可以使用不饱和的聚酯树脂、酚醛树脂、环氧树脂或双马来酰亚胺树脂。另外,台子8可以由金属板制成。在这种情况下,通过将金属板拉成肋状物,可以减轻台子8的重量。
为了进一步减轻台子8的重量,台子8可具有夹层结构(sandwichconstruction)。例如,台子8可以由聚酯泡沫和纤维增强塑料形成,其中,纤维增强塑料覆盖泡沫的侧面。可以使用蜂窝(铝或芳族聚酰胺)来代替泡沫。
基体30位于台子8的下面。基体30容纳用于驱动台子8的驱动单元9。驱动单元9包括电动机10和通过电动机10旋转的轴11。电动机10的驱动力通过轴11被传递到台子8,从而台子8沿着方位方向关于第二轴B旋转。因此,可以扫描沿着整个方位方向X的整体空间。
使用基本上为矩形或基本上为圆孔的电磁号角(horn)天线或者具有附于波导管的介电棒的介电棒状(rod)天线来作为初级辐射器4、5。可选择地,可以使用微带天线或槽孔(slot)天线。由初级辐射器4、5发射和接收的无线电波可以是线性偏振波(例如,垂直偏振波或水平偏振波)或圆形偏振波(例如,右旋偏振波或左旋偏振波)。
初级辐射器4、5沿着仰角的方向(图1中的箭头Y的方向)可旋转。即,初级辐射器4、5沿着电磁透镜2、3的表面可移动。仰角的方向指的是关于第一轴A旋转的方向,其中,电磁透镜2、3的中心位于第一轴A上。初级辐射器4、5附于臂12,臂12用作夹持构件。臂12形成为具有基本上为U形的形状。用于支撑臂12的一对支撑构件13设置在台子8上。臂12利用驱动单元15附于支撑构件13的上端,从而臂12沿着仰角的方向可旋转。臂12可以由任意的轻金属材料制成。如果不暴露于外部空气,则臂12可以由木头制成。每个驱动单元15包括电动机16和轴14。当电动机16的驱动力通过轴14传递到臂12时,臂12沿着仰角的方向关于第一轴A旋转。初级辐射器4、5与臂12一起沿着仰角的方向关于第一轴A旋转。当水平方向被定义为0°且垂直向下的角度被定义为-90°时,臂12和初级辐射器4、5在-90°和90°之间的范围内关于第一轴A旋转,含-90°和90°。即,初级辐射器4从位置P1向位置P2旋转,其中,位置P1用于沿着天顶方向(沿着垂直向上的箭头C的方向)扫描空间,位置P2用于沿着地表面方向(沿着垂直向下的箭头D的方向)扫描空间。因此,可以扫描沿着仰角的方向Y的宽范围内的空间。
初级辐射器4、5利用臂12和支撑构件13被支撑在台子8上。因此,初级辐射器4、5与台子8一起沿着方位方向关于第二轴B旋转,从而可以在所有的方位方向进行体积扫描。
以这种方式,臂12夹持初级辐射器4、5,并沿着仰角的方向关于第一轴A可旋转。臂12还沿着方位方向关于第二轴B可旋转。因此,初级辐射器4、5与臂12一起沿着仰角的方向关于第一轴A旋转,并与台子8一起沿着方位方向关于第二轴B旋转。这种构造不需要用于进行体积扫描的复杂的驱动机构,因此简化了电磁透镜天线装置1的构造。此外,与现有技术的构造相比,旋转臂12和台子8所需的转矩小,这样就排除了高强度且重量重的支撑构件和驱动机构的必要性。因此,避免了电磁透镜天线装置1的成本增加,且降低了装置1的尺寸和重量。当执行体积扫描时,电磁透镜天线装置1承受的负载减小,这样使电磁透镜天线装置1的寿命延长。
由于臂12关于第一轴A在-90°和90°的范围内旋转,其中包含-90°和90°,因此可以以简单的结构来容易地进行复杂的体积扫描。
沿着穿过电磁透镜2和初级辐射器4的中心延伸的线的方向,从初级辐射器4发射高频无线电波。此外,沿着穿过电磁透镜3和初级辐射器5的中心延伸的线的方向,通过初级辐射器5接收高频无线电波。因此,在本实施例中,具有矩形截面的容纳部分17、18形成在支撑体6、7中。当向着天顶发射高频无线电波时,初级辐射器4被暂时容纳在容纳部分17中,使得初级辐射器4没有干扰支撑体6。此外,当接收已经在上空中被反射的高频无线电波时,初级辐射器5被暂时容纳在容纳部分18中,使得初级辐射器5没有干扰支撑体7。
如图1所示,电磁透镜天线装置1包括天线罩19,天线罩19用于保护电磁透镜2、3、初级辐射器4、5和支撑体6、7免受风、雨和雪的影响。天线罩19被支撑在台子8上,并容纳电磁透镜2、3、初级辐射器4、5和支撑体6、7。由于纤维增强塑料(FRP)对无线电波具有优良的透明性,因此FRP适于用作天线罩19的材料。
此后将参照图4来描述利用上述电磁透镜天线装置1的气象雷达设备50(下文中,被简称为雷达设备)。图4示出在电磁透镜天线装置1的组件中,省略了电磁透镜2、3和初级辐射器4、5及其它组件。
雷达设备50包括电磁透镜天线装置1、振荡器51、发射器52、接收器53、信号检测器54和信号处理器。振荡器51产生高频信号。发射器52连接到振荡器51和初级辐射器4,并放大由振荡器51产生的高频信号。接收器53连接到初级辐射器5,并放大已经在上空中被反射或散射的弱高频无线电波。信号检测器54连接到接收器53,并检测由接收器53接收的信号。信号处理器55连接到信号检测器54。信号处理器55处理由信号检测器54检测的信号,并估计气象信息比如降水面积和降水量的大小。
雷达设备50包括用作控制装置的计算机56。计算机56包含操作系统(OS)比如UNIX(商标)、Linux(商标)或Windows(商标)。通过雷达控制程序,振荡器51、发射器52、接收器53、信号检测器54、信号处理器55和驱动单元9、15得到控制。计算机56通过局域网(LAN)连接到信号处理器55。计算机56将信号处理器55计算出的数据存储在硬盘中,并实时地图像显示数据。
为了对上空进行光束扫描,振荡器51产生预定的高频信号,并向发射器52输出该信号。然后,发射器52将高频信号放大,并向初级辐射器4输出信号。放大的高频信号从初级辐射器4通过传输电磁透镜2被发射到空间作为高频无线电波60。另一方面,在上空反射的弱高频无线电波61通过接收电磁透镜3达到初级辐射器5,并由接收器53接收。接收器53将接收到的高频信号放大,并通过信号检测器54向信号处理器55输出信号。信号处理器55处理信号检测器54检测到的信号,并得到气象信息比如降水面积和降水量的大小。
此时,初级辐射器4、5沿着电磁透镜2的表面沿仰角的方向在预定的角度范围内旋转,并沿着方位方向旋转。因此,可以进行对地表面上方的整个空间进行光束扫描(即,体积扫描)。
本发明不限于上述实施例,而是可以在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下如下进行更改。
例如,如图5所示,臂12的远端可以沿着仰角方向Y延伸,多个初级辐射器4、5可以设置在延伸部分20上。由于这种构造使多个信号能够同时发射和接收,因此提高了采集数据的同步性。此外,沿仰角方向Y的扫描时间缩短。在多个接收和发射初级辐射器4、5设置在臂12的延伸部分20上的情况下,由于同时接收多个信号,因此优选地,初级辐射器4、5被布置成沿着仰角方向间隔5度。
考虑到与同轴电缆相比波导管表现出对高频无线电波的传输损失更小,且波导管具有优秀的机械强度,因此臂12可以由波导管形成。如果由波导管形成的臂12连接到初级辐射器4、5,则抑制了传输损失。此外,由于不需要同轴电缆,因此安装所需的空间减小。
另外,如图6所示,除了第一臂12之外还可以设置第二臂21。第二臂21夹持第二初级辐射器4b、5b,并沿着仰角的方向可旋转。在这种情况下,在台子8上设置一对第二支撑构件31。第二臂21利用驱动单元34附于第二支撑构件31的上端,使得臂21沿着仰角方向可旋转,其中,每个驱动单元34均包括电动机33和轴32。当电动机33的驱动力通过轴32传递到第二臂21时,第二初级辐射器4b、5b与第二臂21一起关于第一轴A在-90°和90°之间的范围内旋转,含-90°和90°。驱动单元34可以附于支撑第一臂12的支撑构件13,而不是附于第二支撑构件31。发射器52通过开关(未示出)连接到第一臂12上的初级辐射器4a和第二臂21的初级辐射器4b。接收器53通过开关(未示出)连接到第一臂12上的初级辐射器5a和第二臂21的初级辐射器5b。响应于来自计算机56的控制信号,选择第一臂12上的初级辐射器4a和第二臂21上的初级辐射器4b中的任一个,并选择第一臂12上的初级辐射器5a和第二臂21上的初级辐射器5b中的任一个。如果所述开关是电开关,则与机械开关相比,开关所需的时间短得可以忽略不计。开关可以位于第一初级辐射器4a、5a和发射器52之间以及第二初级辐射器4b、5b和接收器53之间。
在这种情况下,在将第一臂12的仰角固定在0°、将第二臂21的仰角固定在45°、台子8的方位固定在0°的同时,开始体积扫描。首先,台子8沿着方位方向每次旋转1°,而开关切换到第一臂12的初级辐射器4a、5a。当台子8的方位从359°变成0°时,开关从第一臂12的第一初级辐射器4a、5a切换到第二臂21的第二初级辐射器4b、5b。然后,随着第二臂21的仰角被固定到45°,台子8每次旋转1°来进行扫描。在利用第二臂21进行扫描的同时,第一臂12沿着仰角方向旋转1°。当台子8的方位从359°变成0°时,开关从第二臂21的第二初级辐射器4b、5b切换到第一臂12的第一初级辐射器4a、5a。然后,随着第一臂12的仰角被固定到1°,台子8每次旋转1°来进行扫描。在利用第一臂12进行扫描的同时,第二臂21沿着仰角方向旋转1°,使得第二臂21的仰角变成46°。此后,重复同样的操作来继续扫描。在这种构造中,台子8不需要停止旋转。也不需要加速或减速台子8的旋转。因此,与只设置第一臂12的情况相比,缩短了扫描时间,并提高了光束扫描的速度。
可以设置两个发射器52和两个接收器53,开关可以设置在发射器52和振荡器51之间以及接收器53和初级辐射器5之间。
可选择地,如图7所示,整个电磁透镜天线装置1可以被天线罩19覆盖。这样就减轻了台子8上的重量。因此,由于台子8的旋转而施加到驱动单元9上的负载减小。也改进了电磁透镜天线装置1的外观。
如图8所示,可以在台子8的中心设置旋转接头71。旋转接头71包括位于台子8的上部和下部中的每个的连接器70。用于传输高频信号的同轴电缆或波导管连接到每个连接器。这种构造防止了同轴电缆缠结,防止了波导管扭转。此外,具有连接器72的滑环73可以与旋转接头71一起使用。在这种情况下,电从位于台子8下面的电源有效地提供到臂12上的驱动单元15的电动机16。
在该实施例中,发射电磁透镜2和初级辐射器4可以用于接收无线电波。这种构造使电磁透镜天线装置1的灵敏度加倍,并锐化了光束宽度。此外,接收电磁透镜3和初级辐射器5可以用于发射。
发射器52或接收器53可以位于台子8上。这种构造有效利用了台子8上方的空间,由此减小了雷达设备50的尺寸。另外,由于抑制了电磁透镜天线装置1、发射器52和接收器53之间的传输损失,因此提高了观测性能。
在该实施例中,臂12可以被形成为弓形。另外,容纳部分17、18可以被形成为具有基本上为弓形的截面。简而言之,只要发射初级辐射器4位于传输电磁透镜2的焦点且接收初级辐射器5位于接收电磁透镜3的焦点,臂12和容纳部分17、18的形状可以改变。
图9中所示的设备包括:一对支撑构件82,从台子8的表面延伸;基本上为U形的臂83(支撑构件),连接支撑构件82;轨道80(夹持构件),在臂83和支撑体6之间延伸;轨道81(夹持构件),在臂83和支撑体7之间延伸。轨道80、81均沿着电磁透镜2、3中的对应的一个的表面延伸,即,沿着中心与第一轴A重合的圆形的弧延伸。在初级辐射器4、5位于电磁透镜2、3的焦点处的同时,初级辐射器4、5沿着轨道80、81沿仰角方向移动,并与台子8一起沿着方位方向旋转。因此,得到与图1所示的电磁透镜天线装置1的优点相同的优点。
由于初级辐射器4、5关于第一轴A在-90°和90°之间的范围内旋转,其中包含-90°和90°,因此可以容易地执行复杂的体积扫描。另外,与图1所示的设备相似,用于容纳初级辐射器4、5的容纳部分17、18可以形成在支撑体6、7中。可以设置两个或更多个初级辐射器4以及两个或更多个初级辐射器5。在这种情况下,第一初级辐射器4、5同时发射和接收多个信号,采集的数据的同步性提高。此外,降低了沿着仰角方向的扫描时间。
在示出的实施例中,本发明应用于具有电磁透镜天线装置的雷达设备。然而,本发明可以应用于通信天线,通信天线接收从同步卫星的天线或固定到地面的天线发射的用于广播或通信的无线电波,并向着卫星或其它天线发射无线电波。
[工业应用性]
本发明的应用的示例包括利用用于发射和接收无线电波的电磁透镜的电磁透镜天线装置。
Claims (6)
1.一种电磁透镜天线装置,包括:
用于发射和接收的两个球形电磁透镜,每个电磁透镜由介电材料形成,其中,每个电磁透镜的相对介电常数沿着径向方向以预定的比率改变;
至少两个初级辐射器,每个位于所述电磁透镜中的一个的焦点处;
夹持初级辐射器的夹持构件,该夹持构件关于经由电磁透镜的中心延伸的第一轴旋转;
旋转构件,关于第二轴旋转,该第二轴垂直于所述第一轴;以及
支撑构件,将所述夹持构件支撑在所述旋转构件上,
所述电磁透镜天线装置的特征在于:
所述初级辐射器与所述夹持构件一起关于所述第一轴旋转,以及与所述旋转构件一起关于所述第二轴旋转。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电磁透镜天线装置,其特征在于:
当水平方向被定义为0°且垂直向下的角度被定义为-90°时,所述夹持构件在-90°和90°之间的范围内可旋转,其中包含-90°和90°。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的电磁透镜天线装置,其特征在于:
将所述电磁透镜支撑在所述旋转构件上的支撑体,其中,在每个支撑体中形成容纳部分,以容纳相应的初级辐射器。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的电磁透镜天线装置,其特征在于:
所述夹持构件具有沿着一圆形的弧延伸的延伸部分,所述圆形的中心与所述第一轴重合,其中,至少两个初级辐射器沿着所述弧布置在所述延伸部分上。
5.一种电磁透镜天线装置,包括:
用于发射和接收的两个球形电磁透镜,每个电磁透镜由介电材料形成,其中,每个电磁透镜的相对介电常数沿着径向方向以预定的比率改变;
至少两个第一初级辐射器,每个位于所述电磁透镜中的一个的焦点处;
夹持所述第一初级辐射器的第一夹持构件,该第一夹持构件关于经由所述电磁透镜的中心延伸的第一轴旋转;
旋转构件,关于第二轴旋转,该第二轴垂直于所述第一轴;
第一支撑构件,将所述第一夹持构件支撑在所述旋转构件上;
至少两个第二初级辐射器,每个位于所述电磁透镜中的一个的焦点处;
夹持所述第二初级辐射器的第二夹持构件,所述第二夹持构件关于所述第一轴旋转;以及
第二支撑构件,将所述第二夹持构件支撑在所述旋转构件上,
所述电磁透镜天线装置的特征在于:
所述第一初级辐射器与所述第一夹持构件一起关于所述第一轴旋转,以及与所述旋转构件一起关于所述第二轴旋转,
其中,所述第二初级辐射器与所述第二夹持构件一起关于所述第一轴旋转,以及与所述旋转构件一起关于所述第二轴旋转。
6.一种电磁透镜天线装置,包括:
两个球形的电磁透镜,每个电磁透镜由介电材料形成,其中,每个电磁透镜的相对介电常数沿着径向方向以预定的比率改变;
至少两个初级辐射器,每个位于所述电磁透镜中的一个的焦点处;
夹持构件,夹持所述初级辐射器以使得每个初级辐射器位于相应的电磁透镜的焦点处,所述夹持构件沿着一圆形的弧延伸,所述圆形的中心与经由所述电磁透镜的中心延伸的第一轴重合;
旋转构件,关于第二轴旋转,该第二轴垂直于所述第一轴;以及
支撑构件,将所述夹持构件支撑在所述旋转构件上,
所述电磁透镜天线装置的特征在于:
所述初级辐射器沿着所述夹持构件关于所述第一轴移动,以及与所述旋转构件一起关于所述第二轴旋转。
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JP2005379858A JP4816078B2 (ja) | 2005-12-28 | 2005-12-28 | 電波レンズアンテナ装置 |
PCT/JP2006/326390 WO2007074943A1 (en) | 2005-12-28 | 2006-12-27 | Electromagnetic lens antenna device for bistatic radar |
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CN2006800495493A Active CN101351725B (zh) | 2005-12-28 | 2006-12-27 | 用于双基地雷达的电磁透镜天线装置 |
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US (1) | US20100026607A1 (zh) |
EP (3) | EP2302735B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4816078B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101351725B (zh) |
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- 2006-12-27 WO PCT/JP2006/326390 patent/WO2007074943A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-12-27 CN CN2006800495493A patent/CN101351725B/zh active Active
- 2006-12-27 EP EP11150249.8A patent/EP2302735B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-12-27 US US12/159,516 patent/US20100026607A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-12-27 EP EP06843759A patent/EP1966629B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-12-27 DE DE602006020178T patent/DE602006020178D1/de active Active
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CN112350074A (zh) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-02-09 | 厦门华厦学院 | 一种龙伯透镜反射器及包含其的无源雷达反射球 |
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Also Published As
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JP4816078B2 (ja) | 2011-11-16 |
EP2302735B1 (en) | 2013-09-25 |
WO2007074943A1 (en) | 2007-07-05 |
DE602006020178D1 (de) | 2011-03-31 |
US20100026607A1 (en) | 2010-02-04 |
EP2302409A1 (en) | 2011-03-30 |
EP2302735A1 (en) | 2011-03-30 |
EP2302409B1 (en) | 2013-06-19 |
EP1966629A1 (en) | 2008-09-10 |
EP1966629B1 (en) | 2011-02-16 |
JP2007181114A (ja) | 2007-07-12 |
TW200733481A (en) | 2007-09-01 |
CN101351725B (zh) | 2011-10-05 |
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