CN101312307A - Motor - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- CN101312307A CN101312307A CNA2008100985332A CN200810098533A CN101312307A CN 101312307 A CN101312307 A CN 101312307A CN A2008100985332 A CNA2008100985332 A CN A2008100985332A CN 200810098533 A CN200810098533 A CN 200810098533A CN 101312307 A CN101312307 A CN 101312307A
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- Prior art keywords
- permanent magnet
- rotor
- low permeability
- core
- stator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/24—Rotor cores with salient poles ; Variable reluctance rotors
- H02K1/246—Variable reluctance rotors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
- H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a rotating motor, a low permeability layer and a current control device using the permanent magnet (16) and the positive convex polarity characteristic. The stator includes a stator with the magnetic stator core winding to the core and a rotor installed on the magnetic stator core (15) winding. The rotor includes a rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnets arranged to form N and S poles of the rotor. The low permeability layer (17) has a lower magnetic permeability than the rotor core and extends between each of the N and S poles in a direction generally parallel to the magnetic flux paths of the permanent magnets (16) such that the permanent magnets (16) and the low permeability are arranged to obstruct the magnetic flux between the N and S poles to provide a forward salient pole characteristic. The current control device produces a current whose phase is shifted such that the magnetic flux of the permanent magnets intensifies. The invention also has a current control mechanism (19) for processing the following controls, in the other words, the invention uses the permanent magnet (16) for the defining stator winding (14) to generate the increased magnetic flux displacement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to motor, particularly have the motor of permanent magnet.
Background technology
In the past, as the motor of the motor that travels that is used for electric motor car etc., known positive salient pole (Cis Tu Very arranged) Permanent Magnet motor of characteristic.The Permanent Magnet motor of this positive salient pole nature has the d axle inductance so-called positive salient pole nature bigger than q axle inductance.The Permanent Magnet motor of positive salient pole nature is like this having the relative anti-salient pole (Ni Tu Very with the high speed rotating this respect of high torqueization concurrently) electric tools of characteristic has superiority.
For example there be " rotor of electric rotating machine " (with reference to patent documentation 1) in Permanent Magnet motor as such.
In having the Permanent Magnet motor of this positive salient pole nature, by reducing q axle inductance, can realize the positive salient pole nature that d axle inductance relatively increases than q axle inductance, but in order to reduce q axle inductance, form baried type permanent magnet (Interior Permanent Magnet:IPM) structure, form a plurality of slits abreast at the outer circumferential side and the magnetic flux of permanent magnet.
Patent documentation 1:(Japan) spy opens the 2006-081338 communique
But, in Permanent Magnet motor in the past, because of on the flux paths that produces by permanent magnet, being formed with slit, so with regard to magnetic flux, need more magnet with positive salient pole nature.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of electric rotating machine that uses permanent magnet and have positive salient pole nature, this electric rotating machine need not more magnet with regard to magnetic flux, can reduce the magnet amount.
To achieve these goals, electric rotating machine of the present invention has at the stator that is wound with stator winding on the stator core and be equipped with the rotor of adorning permanent magnet on rotor core, wherein, arrange in the direction of the flow direction quadrature of described rotor core upper edge and permanent magnet and to be provided with multiple row low permeability layer, each of this low permeability layer is lower than rotor core along the flow direction setting and the permeability of permanent magnet, core configuration permanent magnet between two described low permeability layers, in addition, described electric rotating machine also has the Current Control mechanism that carries out following control, that is the direction skew that will increase to the magnetic flux that permanent magnet is produced, to the phase place of the electric current of stator winding energising.
Electric rotating machine of the present invention can effectively utilize the magnetic flux of permanent magnet because of the magnetic resistance of the flow direction that do not make permanent magnet increases, so do not increase the magnetic flux that the amount of permanent magnet can be guaranteed needs, need not more magnet with regard to magnetic flux, can reduce the magnet amount.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the stator of Permanent Magnet motor of first embodiment of the invention and the key diagram of rotor;
Fig. 2 is the key diagram that constitutes mutually of the stator winding of presentation graphs 1;
Fig. 3 is the key diagram by the relation of the current phase of the Permanent Magnet motor of graphical presentation Fig. 1 and torque;
Fig. 4 is the key diagram of rotor of the Permanent Magnet motor of second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the key diagram of rotor of the variation of second execution mode;
Fig. 6 is the key diagram of rotor of the Permanent Magnet motor of third embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 represents all kinds (one) of rotor of the Permanent Magnet motor of four embodiment of the invention, (a) is the part key diagram of Class1, the part key diagram that (b) is type 2, the part key diagram that (c) is type 3;
Fig. 8 represents all kinds (its two) of rotor of the Permanent Magnet motor of four embodiment of the invention, (d) is the part key diagram of type 4, the part key diagram that (e) is type 5, the part key diagram that (f) is type 6;
Fig. 9 represents all kinds (its three) of rotor of the Permanent Magnet motor of four embodiment of the invention, (g) is the part key diagram of type 7, the part key diagram that (h) is type 8, the part key diagram that (i) is type 9;
Figure 10 is by the salient pole ratio of the various rotor types of graphical presentation Fig. 7～Fig. 9 and the key diagram of the relation of magnetic flux density;
Figure 11 is by the salient pole ratio of the various rotor types of graphical presentation Fig. 7～Fig. 9 and the key diagram of the relation of the stator number of teeth;
Figure 12 represents the variation of rotor, (a) is that plane key diagram, (b) are the key diagrams that magnetic flux produces circuit.
Description of reference numerals
10 Permanent Magnet motors
11 stators
12,20,23,25,28a～28i, 29,32 rotors
13 stator cores
13a, 13a1～13a12 tooth
14 stator windings
15,26 rotor cores
15a rotor core flux paths
16 (S 1～S4), 16 (N1～N4), 21 (S1～S4), 21 (N1～N4), 24 (S1～S4), 24 (N1～N4), 27 (S1～S4), 27 (N1～N4), 31 (N, S) permanent magnets
17,22 low permeability layers
18 rotating shafts
19 current control devices
30 air layers
33a, the coiling of 33b excitation
34 power supplys
A, a1, a2 air gap
Embodiment
Below, with reference to description of drawings preferred implementation of the present invention.
(first execution mode)
Fig. 1 is the stator of Permanent Magnet motor of first embodiment of the invention and the key diagram of rotor.As shown in Figure 1, using the electric rotating machine of permanent magnet is that three-phase alternating-current motor (Permanent Magnet motor) 10 has stator (stator) 11 and rotor (rotor) 12, the opposite face of stator 11 and rotor 12 has air gap a with respect to the central shaft O direction configured in parallel of rotor 12 between rotor 12 and stator 11.Stator 11 has stator core 13 and stator winding 14, and rotor 12 has rotor core 15, permanent magnet 16, low permeability layer 17 and rotating shaft (axle) 18.
The permanent magnet of arranging on rotor 12 16 forms a S utmost point by permanent magnet 16S1 and permanent magnet 16S2, form a N utmost point by permanent magnet 16N1 and permanent magnet 16N2, form the 2nd S utmost point by permanent magnet 16S3 and permanent magnet 16S4, form the 2nd N utmost point by permanent magnet 16N3 and permanent magnet 16N4.That is, on rotor 12 configuration four utmost points magnet, be that number of pole-pairs is 2 permanent magnet.
In the first embodiment, permanent magnet 16 is magnetized along d direction of principal axis among the figure.
On rotor 12, also be formed with low permeability layer 17.Low permeability layer 17 is air layer in the first embodiment, can realize by form slit on rotor core 15.
This low permeability layer 17 disposes multiple row (with reference to Fig. 1) as follows, promptly, promptly do not intersect as the d direction of principal axis of permanent magnet 16 flow directions with the direction of the flux paths that forms along a plurality of permanent magnets 16, and with direction perpendicular to permanent magnet 16 flow directions be that the q axle intersects.In addition, permanent magnet 16 is to be disposed by the mode of adjacent low permeability layer 17,17 clamping.
Promptly, low permeability layer 17 so that become the zone of flux paths of rotor core 15 and the flux paths of rotor core 15 beyond the mode that separates of zone form, in the zone that becomes flux paths, main part (core) and the permanent magnet 16 that only exists by rotor core 15, and do not have low permeability layer 17.After this, will be defined as the zone of flux paths of rotor core 15 as rotor core flux paths 15a.
In addition, in the first embodiment, zone beyond the flux paths of rotor core 15 forms in the mode adjacent with rotor core flux paths 15a, its path disposes in the mode of passing to other position from rotor core 15 surfaces, its gateway be positioned at the utmost point that forms by permanent magnet 16 from S extremely near to N extremely near.In Fig. 1, be equivalent between permanent magnet 16S1 and the permanent magnet 16S2 or the mulitpath that forms between permanent magnet 16S2 and the permanent magnet 16N1.
Fig. 2 is the key diagram that constitutes mutually of the stator winding of presentation graphs 1.As shown in Figure 2, stator winding 14 is supplied with 2 utmost points (1 extremely to), 3 phases (U phase, V phase, W phase) electric current, and the 1 tooth 13a by two stator cores 13 constitutes.Stator winding 14 distributes and reels, for example adjacent U mutually each other (tooth 13a1, tooth 13a2) reel so that the electric current co-flow, ensuing adjacent U mutually each other (tooth 13a7, tooth 13a8) reel so that the electric current co-flow and with above-mentioned U (tooth 13a1, tooth 13a2) counter current mutually.
In these stator windings 14, an end of each phase is connected with current control device (Current Control mechanism) 19, and the other end is formed neutral point by wiring.In addition, in Fig. 2, represent the stator winding 14 of 2 utmost points (1 extremely to), but because of rotor 12 is 4 utmost points (2 extremely to) structures (with reference to Fig. 1), so stator winding 14 increases doubly.That is, in Fig. 2, represent 12 tooth 13a (stator winding 14 of 13a1～13a12), but the stator winding 14 that is actually 24 tooth 13a is reeled.
Current control device 19 is supplied with 3 cross streams synchronously with the rotation of rotor 12.By the position of rotation of not shown rotation sensor detection rotor 12, and electric current is flowed, thus, on stator 11, generate rotating magnetic field according to detected position.The control of electric current is described in detail in detail below.
The magnetic characteristic of rotor 12 then, is described.
As shown in Figure 1, if the magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit that will be formed by electromagnetic steel plate is considered as 0, the magnetic resistance of permanent magnet 16 and low permeability layer (air) 17 is considered as 1, then in the magnetic circuit of being represented by the d direction of principal axis in the drawings, only permanent magnet 16 becomes magnetic resistance and does not have other magnetic resistance.In addition, also having magnetic resistance between permanent magnet 16S1 and permanent magnet 16S2 is 0 zone.On the other hand, in the flux path of being represented by the q direction of principal axis, there is multilayer in low permeability layer 17, the magnetic resistance height as magnetic resistance.Though actual magnetic resistance is relevant with the width of low permeability layer 17, the number of plies, magnet thickness etc., as can be known the axial magnetic resistance height of the axial magneto resistive ratio d of q.
Because of the axial magnetic resistance height of the axial magneto resistive ratio d of q, so the magnetic circuit of the rotor 12 of present embodiment be not as rotor like that between magnetic pole (d axle and d between centers) have the anti-salient pole type of magnetic salient pole, but near the d axle, have the positive salient pole type magnetic circuit of magnetic salient pole.
And, because of the magnetic salient pole be mainly used in be positioned at the utmost point that permanent magnet 16 forms from S extremely near zone beyond near the flux paths of the rotor core 15 of N extremely, so the flux paths of permanent magnet 16 and the flux paths of magnetic salient pole are non-intersect separately, flux paths is unsaturated, can seek to improve the salient pole ratio of positive salient pole nature.
Characteristic about positive salient pole type magnetic circuit, omit detailed explanation (with reference to prior art), when in the motor of general anti-salient pole type characteristic, utilizing reluctance torque, permanent magnet applies the magnetic field of weak excitation direction relatively, but when utilizing reluctance torque in the motor of positive salient pole type characteristic, permanent magnet applies the magnetic field of magnet excitation direction relatively.
If utilize such characteristic, then can consider when low speed rotation, to carry out the control of magnet excitation direction in order to obtain high torque (HT), in case make induced voltage begin to rise, then end magnet excitation control by high speed rotating.
Promptly, if go for and the equal performance of general anti-salient pole type, then be designed to reduce than the anti-salient pole type motor that becomes comparison other with the magnet amount, in low speed rotation-high torque (HT) zone, insufficient section by magnet excitation control compensation magnet amount is exported big torque, ends magnet excitation control when high speed rotating.Thus, because of original magnet amount itself less, so induced voltage is also little, even if also can continue to export torque in the weak excitation zone of comparison other motor.
Like this, in the motor of positive salient pole nature, owing to can reduce the use amount of magnet, thereby be favourable.
Fig. 3 is the key diagram by the relation of the current phase of the permanent magnet of graphical presentation Fig. 1 and torque.In Fig. 3, τ m represents magnetic torque, and τ r represents reluctance torque, and τ t represents the synthetic torque of magnetic torque and reluctance torque, the reluctance torque during the anti-salient pole nature of τ r ' expression, the magnetic torque during the anti-salient pole nature of τ t ' expression and the synthetic torque of reluctance torque.In addition, τ m, τ r, τ t represent the example (positive salient pole nature) of first execution mode, τ r ', τ t ' expression conventional example (anti-salient pole nature).
In Fig. 3, for simplicity, the maximum of magnetic torque τ m is made as 2, as 1, but actual torque value is relevant and proportional with the magnitude of current with the magnetic characteristic of motor such as magnet amount and salient pole ratio with the maximum of reluctance torque τ t.
In the Permanent Magnet motor 10 of first execution mode, near being-30 degree, current phase becomes breakdown torque, when anti-salient pole nature, near being 30 degree, current phase becomes breakdown torque.At this, in the time will further increasing breakdown torque, can realize by increasing the magnitude of current, when anti-salient pole nature, in the time of near current phase is 30 degree, permanent magnet 16 is applied magnetic field becoming weak excitation, thus the magnitude of current increased if any, for fear of the permanent degaussing of permanent magnet 16 and have to limit the increase of the magnitude of current.
On the other hand, in the first embodiment, near current phase is-30 degree, permanent magnet 16 is applied magnetic field to the magnet excitation direction,, can increase electric current so there is not the worry of permanent degaussing.
Like this, based on the relation of Fig. 3, current control device 19 as described below controls promptly, by when exporting breakdown torque current phase being offset to negative direction, apply magnetic field to permanent magnet 16 to the magnet excitation direction, and the output breakdown torque.
Below, be set forth in the effect that obtains in the Permanent Magnet motor of first execution mode.
1) passes through permanent magnet configuration in core by the clamping of low permeability layer, on the path of the magnetic flux that passes through to produce, do not dispose the low permeability layer by permanent magnet, positive salient pole type magnetic circuit can be formed, the magnet torque can be do not effectively not utilized so do not need to increase the magnet amount.
2) because of with permanent magnet configuration in core by the clamping of low permeability layer, and, there is the adjacent core do not dispose the permanent magnet that passes to other position from a position of rotor surface, so the flux paths of permanent magnet and the flux paths of magnetic salient pole are non-intersect separately, even if stator winding is supplied with big electric current, also can prevent the saturated of magnetic circuit.
(second execution mode)
Fig. 4 is the key diagram of rotor of the Permanent Magnet motor of second embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 4, the rotor 20 of the Permanent Magnet motor of second execution mode has with thin state configuration in the permanent magnet 21 of rotor core 15 near surfaces (21S1～21S4,21N1～21N4), and, have the low permeability layer 22 that forms by the adhesive linkage that bonding agent is filled into air layer.Other structure and effect are identical with the rotor 12 (with reference to Fig. 1) of first execution mode.In addition, the explanation of omission and Fig. 1 same section.
In second execution mode, compare with the rotor 12 of first execution mode, permanent magnet 21 with thin state configuration near the promptly relative opposite face in rotor core 15 surfaces with stator core 13.Usually, the thickness of the direction of magnetization of permanent magnet thickens, with than the increase of magnet magnetic flux and improve coercive force (to the raising of degaussing performance) more.Under the situation of the motor of the positive salient pole nature of present embodiment, because of avoiding the degaussing of permanent magnet, so can make magnet thinner by the running of avoiding weak excitation direction as far as possible.On the basis of reducing the magnet amount, on the thickness direction of rotor 12, reduce, be favourable for keeping magnetic flux.And, compare with common contrary salient pole type motor, because the magnet amount is few, so quality lightens.Because also the dispersing etc. of magnet can avoid high speed rotating the time is so also be favourable on intensity aspect high speed rotatingization.
In addition, reason forms low permeability layer 22 with the adhesive linkage that bonding agent is filled into air layer, and bonding agent and air reluctancy mutually reduce slightly, but by formation bonding agent packed layer, can rotor core 15 is integrated securely, this is favourable to the high speed rotating speed.
In addition, as the variation of second execution mode, also permanent magnet can be made as surperficial magnet type.
Fig. 5 is the key diagram of rotor of the variation of second execution mode.As shown in Figure 5, rotor 23 has permanent magnet 24 (24S1～24S4,24N1～24N4), the opposite face that the surface that these permanent magnets 24 are disposed at rotor core 15 is promptly relative with stator core 13 promptly disposes in the face of the air gap a (with reference to Fig. 1) of 11 of rotor 23 and stators.
Like this,, can reduce the magnet amount, so can reduce the gap (gap) of the permanent magnet 24 of relative stator 11 by being made as surperficial magnet type.According to present embodiment, owing to can reduce the magnet amount, the magnet quality lightens, magnet can not disperse, thus compared with the past, more also can adopt surperficial magnet arrangement in the high speed rotating type motor.
Below, be set forth in obtainable effect in the rotor of second execution mode.
On the basis of the effect that the rotor of first execution mode obtains, also have:
3) because of the minimizing of magnet amount, the magnet quality lightens, and can realize high speed rotating type rotor.
4) form the low permeability layer by bonding agent being filled into air layer, can relax to the stress of rotor core and concentrate and realize high speed rotating type rotor.
(the 3rd execution mode)
Fig. 6 is the key diagram of rotor of the Permanent Magnet motor of third embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 6, the rotor 25 of the Permanent Magnet motor of the 3rd execution mode has the rotor core 26 that constitutes for star by overlooking, and, have the tabular permanent magnet 27 that is disposed at rotor core 26 near surfaces (27S1～27S4,27N1～27N4).Other structure and effect are identical with the rotor 12 (with reference to Fig. 1) of first execution mode.In addition, the explanation of omission and Fig. 1 same section.
In the present embodiment, because of the axial magnetic circuit of the q of rotor core 26 is almost occupied by air entirely, so the axial magnetic resistance of q increases, its result is to form positive salient pole type magnetic circuit.
In addition, in the present embodiment, permanent magnet 27 is disposed near promptly relative with stator 13 opposite face in rotor 25 surfaces and is the part of low permeability layer 17, on this basis, magnet amount in order to ensure needs, permanent magnet 27 forms with the plate-like shape of the configuration direction almost parallel of low permeability layer 17 and is disposed in the low permeability layer 17, and, with low permeability layer 17 the direction that direction intersects is set, the direction of for example approximate vertical is magnetized.
Below, be set forth in obtainable effect in the rotor of the 3rd execution mode.
On the basis of the effect that the rotor of first execution mode obtains, also have:
5) owing to form big air gap,, can increase the salient pole ratio of positive salient pole type motor so can further increase the axial magnetic resistance of q at the q direction of principal axis.
6) pass through permanent magnet configuration in the low permeability layer, can further reduce the magnetic resistance of d axle magnetic circuit.
(the 4th execution mode)
Fig. 7 represents all kinds (one) of rotor of the Permanent Magnet motor of four embodiment of the invention, (a) is the part key diagram of Class1, the part key diagram that (b) is type 2, the part key diagram that (c) is type 3.Fig. 8 represents all kinds (its two) of rotor of the Permanent Magnet motor of four embodiment of the invention, (d) is the part key diagram of type 4, the part key diagram that (e) is type 5, the part key diagram that (f) is type 6.Fig. 9 represents all kinds (its three) of rotor of the Permanent Magnet motor of four embodiment of the invention, (g) is the part key diagram of type 7, the part key diagram that (h) is type 8, the part key diagram that (i) is type 9.
In first execution mode～the 3rd execution mode, mainly illustrated by increasing the example that the axial magnetic resistance of q obtains the Permanent Magnet motor of positive salient pole nature, in the 4th execution mode, on the basis of first execution mode～the 3rd execution mode, illustrate by reducing the axial magnetic resistance of d and realize having the example of big salient pole ratio of the Permanent Magnet motor of positive salient pole nature.
In addition, under the situation of the motor of common anti-salient pole nature, being designed at d axle and d between centers is that the q direction of principal axis exists the magnetic salient pole, and the axial magnetic resistance of this q diminishes, thus can obtain bigger salient pole than and can increase reluctance torque.
But, under the situation of the motor of positive salient pole nature, because the axial magnetic resistance of q is increased, so the magnetic salient pole is present on the d direction of principal axis.Therefore, in the motor of positive salient pole nature, the salient pole of salient pole than with the motor of anti-salient pole nature the time be than opposite, thus by the axial magnetic resistance of d is designed the little salient pole ratio that improves, can obtain bigger reluctance torque.
In addition, when the salient pole of the motor that increases positive salient pole nature than the time, if do not guarantee that the magnet magnetic flux then will cause the minimizing of magnetic torque,, that is, do not reduce the magnet magnetic flux and reduce the axial magnetic resistance of d so need carry out design as described below.
Represent all that in Fig. 7～Fig. 9 d axle center from rotor is to d axle center.Rotor 28a～the 28c of the Class1～type 3 shown in Fig. 7 (a)～(c) is to guarantee that greatly the magnet magnetic flux is a purpose, but in order to increase the axial magnetic resistance of q, air layer 30 is set and increases near the q axle air gap (with reference to the 3rd execution mode) at the q direction of principal axis of the rotor core 29 that constitutes by steel plate.
And, in order to reduce the axial magnetic resistance of d, cut apart permanent magnet (31N, 31S) at d axle center, therein heart portion distributed magnet not.In addition, because of magnet itself uses the magnet of the wide and thin thickness of width, so little based on the magnetic resistance of magnet thickness generation.
According to the rotor 28a～28c of Class1～type 3, because of increasing the magnet width, so can guarantee magnet magnetic flux (Wb) greatly.
In addition, usually, though the effect of increase magnet magnetic flux is little and area flow direction is dominant, from the viewpoint of coercive force, the thickness of the direction of magnetization of permanent magnet is thick to be important.That is, under the situation of the motor of positive salient pole nature, because of avoiding the degaussing of permanent magnet, so can form magnet than unfertile land by the running of excitation direction a little less than avoiding as far as possible.
And the path that passes through with the magnet magnetic flux is provided with the d axle magnetic circuit that does not dispose permanent magnet dividually.Thus, can reduce the axial magnetic resistance of d significantly, so can increase the salient pole ratio.In addition, with the rotor 28a～28c of Class1～3 similarly owing to cut apart permanent magnet and heart portion distributed magnet not therein at d axle center, so this zone also can be used as the axial flux path of d and uses.
In addition, in the rotor 28d～28g of type 4～7, be difficult to guarantee greatly the magnet magnetic flux, shown in the rotor 28d of type 4, by as far as possible with magnet configuration near surface, can obtain bigger magnet magnetic flux.With the rotor 28a～28c of Class1～type 3 similarly, by controlling, can use thin permanent magnet in the mode of avoiding weak excitation running.
Figure 10 is by the salient pole ratio of the various rotor types of graphical presentation Fig. 7～Fig. 9 and the key diagram of the relation of magnetic flux density.As shown in figure 10, as the explanation of carrying out based on various rotor types, in the rotor 28a of Class1, the magnet magnetic flux can be guaranteed greatly, in the rotor 28d of type 4, the salient pole ratio can be guaranteed greatly, in the rotor 28g of type 7, can guarantee the salient pole ratio greatly and also can guarantee the magnet magnetic flux greatly.
Figure 11 is by the salient pole ratio of the various rotor types of graphical presentation Fig. 7～Fig. 9 and the key diagram of the relation of the stator number of teeth.As shown in figure 11, for example under the situation of the rotor 28g of type 7, observe 1 mutually the stator number of teeth of 1 utmost point be 0.5～2 situation, if the number of teeth that will every extremely every phase is made as 2 salient poles than raising.In addition, consider that from 1 to 2 o'clock increase rate of the number of teeth of every extremely every phase is less, realize that the production of two above numbers of teeth is difficult to, hence one can see that preferably is made as 2 with the number of teeth.
Below, be set forth in the effect that obtains in the rotor of the 4th execution mode.
On the basis of the effect that the rotor of first execution mode, second execution mode, the 3rd execution mode obtains, also have:
7) by cutting apart magnet, can form the little d axle magnetic circuit of magnetic resistance at d axle central part, so can improve the salient pole ratio in d axle central authorities.
8) by the d axle magnetic circuit that does not possess permanent magnet is set, can reduce the magnetic resistance of this magnetic circuit and improve the salient pole ratio.
9) dispose permanent magnet abreast by relative d axle magnetic circuit, can reduce this magnetic circuit, by the magnetic resistance that permanent magnet produces, can improve the salient pole ratio.
10) vertically dispose permanent magnet by relative d axle magnetic circuit, and, can guarantee the magnet magnetic flux greatly, and,, can improve the salient pole ratio so can reduce the magnetic resistance of d axle magnetic circuit because of magnet thickness is thinner with magnet thickness attenuate, expansion magnet width.
11) be made as 2 by the stator number of teeth, can improve the salient pole ratio every extremely every phase.
In addition, as the variation of the respective embodiments described above, also the permanent magnet that is disposed at rotor core can be replaced with coil.
Figure 12 represents the variation of rotor, (a) is that plane key diagram, (b) are the key diagrams that magnetic flux produces circuit.As shown in figure 12, rotor 32 for example will be disposed at the permanent magnet of overlooking the rotor core 26 that forms crosswise star and replace with coil (excitation coiling).That is, on rotor core 26, be provided with excitation coiling 33a, the 33b of the formation N utmost point and the permanent magnet 27 (with reference to (a)) of the formation S utmost point.The excitation coiling 33a, the 33b that constitute the N utmost point are connected with power supply 34, form magnetic flux (with reference to (b)) by flow through electric current in excitation coiling 33a, 33b.
In addition, rotor core is not limited to cross star, also can be positive toroidal (with reference to Fig. 1) and waits other formation.
Like this, electric rotating machine of the present invention has at the stator that is wound with stator winding on the stator core and the rotor of permanent magnet is installed on rotor core, wherein, direction at the flow direction quadrature of described rotor core upper edge and permanent magnet is provided with multiple row low permeability layer, this low permeability layer is lower than rotor core along the flow direction setting and the permeability of permanent magnet, core configuration permanent magnet between two described low permeability layers, electric rotating machine also has the Current Control mechanism that carries out following control, that is the direction skew that will increase to the magnetic flux that permanent magnet is produced, to the phase place of the electric current of stator winding energising.
In addition, in the present invention, be preferably: with described low permeability layer more than direction configuration three row of the flow direction quadrature of permanent magnet, have core that disposes described permanent magnet and the core that does not dispose described permanent magnet by the core of two described low permeability layers clamping.
In the present invention, the permanent magnet configuration of core that is disposed at described low permeability interlayer on the surface of described rotor for well.
In addition, in the present invention, greatly good than described rotor surface based on the air gap distance between part and stator beyond the magnetic flux emitting surface of permanent magnet and the air gap distance between stator, the magnetic flux emitting surface.
Have at the stator that is wound with stator winding on the stator core and the rotor of permanent magnet is installed on rotor core at electric rotating machine of the present invention, it is characterized in that, flow direction at described rotor core upper edge permanent magnet is provided with the low permeability layer that permeability is lower than rotor core, in this low permeability layer configuration along with the permanent magnet that direction that direction intersects is magnetized that is provided with of described low permeability layer, the following electric current of described Current Control mechanism's energising, that is, phase place is to the electric current of the direction skew of the magnetic flux increase that permanent magnet is produced.
In the present invention, described stator winding is preferably distributed winding and possesses relative 1 utmost point and have the phase of the groove number more than 2.
In the present invention, described low permeability layer is preferably formed by air layer.
In addition, in the present invention, described low permeability layer is preferably formed by bond layer.
As mentioned above, based on various accompanying drawings and each execution mode the present invention has been described, but has note that so long as those skilled in the art are easy to carry out various distortion or modification based on above-mentioned disclosure.For example, the various combinations of first execution mode～the 4th execution mode or permanent magnet is replaced with situations such as coil be also contained in the scope of the present invention.Therefore, please be careful these distortion or modification is included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. electric rotating machine has at the stator that is wound with stator winding on the stator core and the rotor of permanent magnet is installed on rotor core, it is characterized in that,
Arrange in the direction of the flow direction quadrature of described rotor core upper edge and permanent magnet and to be provided with multiple row low permeability layer, each of this low permeability layer is lower than rotor core along the flow direction setting and the permeability of permanent magnet, core configuration permanent magnet between two described low permeability layers
Described electric rotating machine also has the Current Control mechanism that carries out following control, that is, and and the direction skew that will increase to the magnetic flux that permanent magnet is produced to the phase place of the electric current of stator winding energising.
2. electric rotating machine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, with described low permeability layer more than direction configuration three row of the flow direction quadrature of permanent magnet, have core that disposes described permanent magnet and the core that does not dispose described permanent magnet by the core of two described low permeability layers clamping.
3. electric rotating machine as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, is disposed at the surface of the permanent magnet configuration of the core between the described low permeability layer at described rotor.
4. electric rotating machine as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, compare described rotor surface based on the magnetic flux emitting surface of permanent magnet and the air gap distance between stator, part and the air gap distance between stator beyond the magnetic flux emitting surface of described rotor surface are big.
5. electric rotating machine as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, described stator winding is distributed winding and possesses the phase that relative 1 utmost point has the groove number more than 2.
6. electric rotating machine as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, described low permeability layer is formed by air layer.
7. electric rotating machine as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, described low permeability layer is formed by bond layer.
8. electric rotating machine has at the stator that is wound with stator winding on the stator core and the rotor of permanent magnet is installed on rotor core, it is characterized in that,
Flow direction at described rotor core upper edge permanent magnet is provided with the low permeability layer that permeability is lower than rotor core, in this low permeability layer configuration along with the permanent magnet that direction that direction intersects is magnetized that is provided with of described low permeability layer,
The energising of described Current Control mechanism has following electric current, and promptly phase place is to the electric current of the direction skew that the magnetic flux that produced by permanent magnet is increased.
9. electric rotating machine as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, described stator winding is distributed winding and possesses the phase that relative 1 utmost point has the groove number more than 2.
10. electric rotating machine as claimed in claim 8 or 9 is characterized in that described low permeability layer is formed by air layer.
11. electric rotating machine is characterized in that as claimed in claim 8 or 9, described low permeability layer is formed by bond layer.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP135902/07 | 2007-05-22 | ||
| JP2007135902A JP5332137B2 (en) | 2007-05-22 | 2007-05-22 | Rotating electric machine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101312307A true CN101312307A (en) | 2008-11-26 |
| CN101312307B CN101312307B (en) | 2011-09-14 |
Family
ID=39616592
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100985332A Expired - Fee Related CN101312307B (en) | 2007-05-22 | 2008-05-22 | Motor |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7795772B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1995849A3 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5332137B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101312307B (en) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101312307B (en) | 2011-09-14 |
| US7795772B2 (en) | 2010-09-14 |
| JP2008295138A (en) | 2008-12-04 |
| US20080290753A1 (en) | 2008-11-27 |
| EP1995849A3 (en) | 2013-11-13 |
| JP5332137B2 (en) | 2013-11-06 |
| EP1995849A2 (en) | 2008-11-26 |
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