CN101240367A - On-line laser processing device used for railway steel rail surface toughening treatment - Google Patents
On-line laser processing device used for railway steel rail surface toughening treatment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101240367A CN101240367A CNA2008100470285A CN200810047028A CN101240367A CN 101240367 A CN101240367 A CN 101240367A CN A2008100470285 A CNA2008100470285 A CN A2008100470285A CN 200810047028 A CN200810047028 A CN 200810047028A CN 101240367 A CN101240367 A CN 101240367A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- laser
- rail
- light
- machining head
- laser apparatus
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an online laser process device for railway rail surface tenacious treatment, which includes a laser processing vehicle and a power mobile machinery shop. The laser processing vehicle includes a motion actuator, a laser processing head, a control system and/or automatic powder feeder equipped on a moving trolley; the power mobile machinery shop includes a dynamo, a freezer, an air compressor, a refrigerated air dryer and a laser high voltage source equipped on a lorry. The laser processing head is equipped on the motion actuator; the laser processing head is connected to the laser directly or by a light guiding system. The invention can finish laser surface quenching, fused quenching, alloying and cladding on various rails, including rail, bend, guard rail, turnout, etc., without dismantling rail and affecting the normal operation of a train, the processed rail has greatly lengthened its wearability, and has characteristics of easy dismantling, high processing precision and easy operating.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to railroad track surface strengthening and recovery technique, relate to a kind of online laser process equipment of realizing rail surface toughening and repair process, be specially a kind of online laser process equipment that railway steel rail surface toughening is handled that is used for.
Background technology
Along with train speed, freight volume and the heavy raising of axle, rail is because the speed of wear out failure is more and more faster, takes place when the damage of invar rail and the derail accident that causes.China is used to change and keep in repair the direct expenses of damaging rail every year and reaches billions of yuans.
At a high speed, heavy haul train has higher requirement to the running stability and the security of train, the wear resistance of rail is better, longer service life is one of key factor wherein.Concerning the common railway working line, the damage of rail mainly shows as porous dehiscence, rail head is vertical and piece and scalelike mark etc. are hindered, peeled off to horizontal crackle, scratch, quenching crack, web of the rail circular arc lobe, nuclear.Concerning gapless track, the damage of rail mainly shows as welding joint damage, rail head is vertical and horizontal crackle, porous dehiscence, abrade, peel off piece and scalelike mark, web of the rail circular arc lobe and nuclear and hinder etc., mainly is due to the reasons such as frictional wear, fatigue wear owing to rail, wheel in the train transportation.Up to now, how effectively alleviating and eliminating these track defects does not also have effective terms of settlement, has only and adopts the mode of directly changing rail, makes the railway operation cost high.
Along with the realization of China railways the sixth time speed-raising and the startup of four vertical four horizontal mainline railway construction projects, railway operation high speed, heavy loading have become accelerates the inexorable trend that China Railway already develops.Yet, under existing track condition, the work-ing life and the maintenance cycle of railway basi components will be further shortened in the raising of Locomotive Axle Load, travelling speed and intensity, rail maintenance and train operating safety also will face a severe challenge, and become the bottleneck that the track haulage ability further improves in restriction China.It is surprising with regard to quantity only to be that railway department is used to change track switch part major parts (as tongue, guard rail, stock rail, frog) involved rail material expense, labour cost every year, add replacing main track, bend and the direct economic loss that other part caused, influence the indirect economic loss that the train transportation causes the capacity deficiency to be brought with keeping in repair because of railway, its value is difficult to estimate especially.Therefore, further improve the necessary guarantee that becomes China's development high speed, heavy haul train work-ing life of railroad track.
In order to improve the work-ing life of railway rail, generally take three kinds of methods both at home and abroad: the first, adopt the induction full length quenching, obtain the fine pearlite tissue; The second, adopt low-alloy high-carbon steel to replace general carbon steel; The 3rd, adopt bainitic steel or low-carbon martensitic steels to replace high carbon steel, further improve the surface hardness of rail etc.In the past few years, the full length rail quenching technology has been obtained significant effect, and it makes the wear resistance of rail improve 50% (straight way) and 100% (bend) respectively.Yet, the main weak point of total length quenching technology is that martensite even bainite structure can not appear in the surface of rail, otherwise will reduce the fracture toughness property of rail significantly, and cause rail to occur accidents such as disconnected rail under arms in the process, badly influence the safe operation of railway.Therefore, rail hardness generally was controlled between Hv320～390 after total length was quenched, and the excavation of its wear resistance potentiality is near the limit.The low-alloy high-carbon steel rail combines with the total length quenching technology, can further improve the rail wear resistance, but effect is not remarkable.Low carbon martensite rail and bainite rail still are in development, and main difficulty is how to guarantee the strength of welded joint problem of rail.
Laser surface hardening technology is recent two decades development one of metal material surface strengthening technologies very rapidly, it comprises technologies such as laser quenching, consolidation quenching, surface alloying and surface cladding technology, its common feature is that rate of heating is fast, the heat affected zone is little, workpiece deformation is little, therefore be expected to replace the induction full length quenching, become the rail surface intensified technique of a new generation.We show the achievement in research in early stage, because high rate of heating, high speed of cooling, the case depth finite sum hardened layer of laser surface hardening technology present characteristics such as compressive stress state, even martensitic stucture appears in the rail surface, can not cause the obdurability of rail significantly to descend yet.Particularly because the hardness of martensitic stucture is significantly higher than fine pearlite, the rail surface hardness can not be higher than the upper limit of Hv390 in the time of therefore can breaking through the induction full length quenching, makes the surface abrasion resistance of rail reach a new high.In addition, characteristics such as the laser surface hardening technology has the case depth conveniently regulating and controlling, does not need quenchant, do not need tempering, workpiece deformation is little, therefore except can in production plant, realizing fixed point processing, also be expected to develop equipment special, finish the press quenching of track.
Obviously, consider the present situation that trunk railway is busy, online laser process equipment should have high maneuverability, can realize the raceway surface highly malleablized and repair processing treatment under the prerequisite that does not as far as possible influence the normal operation of train.
(notification number is CN2622241 to China's utility model patent document " a kind of laser maintenance vehicle for rail ", open day is on 06 30th, 2004) in the report, proposed a kind of laser maintenance vehicle for rail, it can realize the online strengthening and the reparation of rail under the prerequisite of not dismantling rail.The laser maintenance vehicle for rail that the document proposes comprises traction and control car and track operation car two portions.The traction control car is to change a social system on the basis of railroad track car, and the key distinction is to be provided with the laser work supervisory control desk in the driver position of railroad track car; The track operation car is to change a social system to finish on the basis of passenger train, and it is provided with one or two high-power CO
2Laser apparatus.When a laser apparatus was set, laser apparatus was positioned at central authorities of Operation Van, and with a spectroscope laser beam being divided equally is two bundle horizontal light beams, and passed through the two sides perpendicular mirrors respectively with laser beam direction rail face.When two laser apparatus are set, two laser apparatus are relative, and with vehicle geometric centre symmetry or skew symmetry, with the two sides horizon glass laser beam is spread out of perpendicular to the laser optical axis nearby respectively in the laser optical path design, use the two sides perpendicular mirrors with laser beam direction rail face more respectively.The setting of laser optical path and digital control system can accurately be transferred to laser beam on the rail processing stand, specifically is made up of light path tilting mirror, support, slide rail, running gear, optical path protecting device, cable, numerical control software, shaven head.In order to guarantee finishing smoothly of track laser work, track laser repairing car also has vehicle damping system, laser apparatus shock mitigation system, rail face cleaning system, rail face light absorbing material paint finishing, coating drying system, laser apparatus airing system, laser apparatus powder-supply system, laser apparatus cooling system, laser apparatus air feed system, laser car car body, supervision and lighting system, compartment sealing dust-removal system etc. except Optical Maser System, laser optical path and mobile digital control system.According to foregoing description, as can be seen, the laser repairing special-purpose vehicle that the document proposed has following several deficiency:
The first, the launch vehicle of equipment such as laser apparatus, refrigerator, processing unit (plant) forms with the rail car and the compartment transformation of the way, and weight is big, and volume is big, is merely able to along railway line move, and has taken track.Therefore, when this equipment is handled in rail surface laser highly malleablized, be difficult to effectively dodge vehicular traffic, can not satisfy the processing requirements of under the normal operation condition of trunk railway, realizing rail surface laser highly malleablized.
The second, this equipment adopts high power CO
2No matter laser apparatus is crossing current CO as light source
2Laser apparatus still is fast axial flow laser apparatus, and its photoelectric transformation efficiency is relatively low, and is bulky, and weight is big, and it is also big to consume energy.Add CO
2Laser apparatus is to the stability requirement height of optical cavity, so tow tractor and reparation car must have good shock resistance, must add vibration abatement, and this has also further increased the weight of equipment.
The 3rd, CO
2The wavelength of laser apparatus is 10.6 microns, and metallic matrix is very low to its specific absorption, must spray extinction coating and could obtain effect preferably.Not only increased the operation of laser processing, needed paint spay-coating, oven dry and cleaning equipment make that also the weight and volume of whole laser maintaining equipment is huger.
The 4th, the CO that is adopted
2Laser apparatus light-conducting system complexity can only adopt flight light path and by machine riveting, the vibrations meeting that produces in the laser repairing car operational process impacts the accuracy of light path inevitably, reduces the permanent stability of laser processing procedure;
The 5th, whole laser process equipment need adopt the high-horsepower diesel engine traction, and power consumption is big, and volume is big, and the cost of equipment is also quite expensive.Even adopt electrified circuit power line along the line, also exist all drawbacks such as line, broken string operation sequence complexity, poor for applicability.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of online laser process equipment that railway steel rail surface toughening is handled that is used for, this equipment is controlled conveniently, the loading and unloading transportation is easy, can be under the prerequisite that does not influence the normal operation of train, and the laser surface intensified and repair process of canbe used on line track different sites.
The online laser process equipment that is used for the railway steel rail surface toughening processing provided by the invention, its structure is: movement executing mechanism and Controlling System are installed on the travelling car; Generator, refrigerator, air compressor machine, cooling driers and laser apparatus high-voltage power supply are installed in cargo truck; Movement executing mechanism is numerically-controlled machine or robot; Generator is electrically connected with above-mentioned each parts;
The laser apparatus high-voltage power supply is electrically connected with laser apparatus, produces the needed dc high-voltage of laser for it provides;
The air outlet of air compressor machine is connected with the air intake vent of cooling driers by pipeline respectively, and the air outlet of cooling driers links to each other with powder feeder with laser Machining head by pipeline;
Refrigerator provides cooling for the optical mirror slip on laser apparatus and light-conducting system, the laser Machining head;
Controlling System is electrically connected with refrigerator, air compressor machine, cooling driers, laser apparatus high-voltage power supply, laser apparatus and movement executing mechanism respectively; The open and close of Controlling System control refrigerator, air compressor machine, cooling driers, laser apparatus high-voltage power supply and laser apparatus, Controlling System controls movement topworks is according to the orbiting motion of setting;
Laser Machining head is installed on the movement executing mechanism; Laser Machining head directly or by light-conducting system links to each other with laser apparatus.
The online laser process equipment that utilizes the present invention to propose, can not dismantle rail, not influence under the normal operation prerequisite of train, finish various rail, the laser surface hardening, consolidation quenching, alloying and the cladding that comprise the right path, bend, guard rail, track switch etc. are handled, and the rail wear resistance after the processing is prolonged significantly.Particularly after the laser hardening layer abrasion on rail surface finish, can also under the prerequisite of not dismantling railroad track, carry out the secondary of rail, three times and repeatedly surface toughening processing, make prolong significantly cycle life-cycle of rail, track is changed number of times and is reduced significantly, overcome many drawbacks that present railroad track exists in using, satisfy the wear resistance requirement of railway high speed, heavy haul train rail.Particularly, the present invention has following characteristics or function:
(1) the present invention is divided into laser processing car and power engineering car two portions with laser-processing system.Wherein, the laser processing car body is long-pending little, in light weight, and maneuverability is easy to loading and unloading, can dodge train effectively, realizes various online highly malleablized processing on the rail surface.The equipment that high-voltage power supply equal-volume, the weight of generator, refrigerator, air compressor machine, cooling driers and laser apparatus is relatively large is installed on the cargo truck, forms the power engineering car.This car can be away from railroad track (ultimate range can reach 100 meters), therefore do not need to dodge the train of passing track, thereby can overcome the drawback that the weight of laser maintenance vehicle is big in the documents, volume big, operation is inconvenient, can't avoid passing train under railway normal transport condition, utilize the time slot of train passage also can carry out the processing of laser surface highly malleablized.
(2) the laser processing car body among the present invention is long-pending little, light, can realize in orbit installation, dismounting and carrying whenever and wherever possible with manpower or small-sized fork truck, mobility strong, can before arriving, train in time dodge, and after train leaves, enter machining state fast, thereby finish the rail processing of designated area on the circuit.After processing track one side, directly will process the car commutation, just can process the track the other side.Can also realize that fixed point is repaired or reinforcement at the steel rail weld joint disease.
(3) but the solid statelaser of employing Optical Fiber Transmission of the present invention has been save complicated flight light path, reduced the optic path loss of laser energy.Laser apparatus both can be installed on the laser processing car (when adopting high-power semiconductor laser), can be installed in again (when adopting optical fiber laser and other solid statelaser) on the power engineering car, thereby can guarantee the high maneuverability of laser processing car.
(4) wavelength of institute's employing laser apparatus is short, and therefore rail does not need sprayed coating and follow-up operations such as cleaning dope in advance to its specific absorption height, has simplified technology, has reduced volume, weight, energy consumption and the cost of equipment.
(5) part of the movement executing mechanism among the present invention can adopt two kinds of structures, and a kind of is numerically-controlled machine, and another kind is a robot.No matter which kind of structure can guarantee the working accuracy that rail tread and inboard laser surface highly malleablized are handled.
(6) laser Machining head on the laser processing car can be rotated, and can realize laser quenching, consolidation quenching, the Alloying Treatment of track different sites.By with the combination of automatic powder feeding device, can realize the laser melting coating reparation processing of rail.
(7) need under the prerequisite that does not influence the railway normal transport, realize laser surface intensified processing fast when rail, process-cycle is short, when task is anxious, can adopt many laser processing cars, concentrate on the construction of same location simultaneously, to accelerate speed of application, make laser processing procedure be reduced to minimum degree to the influence of transportation by railroad.
(8) the present invention except can to rail carry out online laser surface intensified, can in production plant, realize the off-line production of railroad track equally.The present invention is applicable to various railway rails, comprises that the surface toughening of high speed, heavy haul train track and city underground, light rail track is handled and repaired, and uses very extensive.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the online laser process equipment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of travelling car of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the side-view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is an A-A section among Fig. 2, and driving wheel and rail are in conjunction with sectional view;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of transmission focusing formula laser Machining head;
Fig. 7 is the principle schematic of optical fiber coupling light-conducting system
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of first kind of specific implementation of laser processing car;
Fig. 9 is Fig. 8 vertical view;
Figure 10 is the side-view of Fig. 8;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of second kind of specific implementation of laser processing car;
Figure 12 is the structural representation of the third specific implementation of laser processing car;
Figure 13 is the side-view of Figure 12;
Figure 14 is the structural representation of the 4th kind of specific implementation of laser processing car;
Figure 15 is a kind of structural representation on the power engineering car;
Figure 16 is the structural representation of the 5th kind of specific implementation of laser processing car;
Figure 17 is the structural representation of the 6th kind of specific implementation of laser processing car;
Figure 18 is the structural representation of the 7th kind of specific implementation of laser processing car;
Embodiment
The laser process equipment that the present invention relates to is made up of laser processing car and power engineering car two portions.
Laser apparatus used in the present invention can be high-power semiconductor laser, optical fiber laser, diode pumping solid laser or lamp light-pumped solid state laser.When laser apparatus adopts high-power semiconductor laser, laser apparatus preferably is installed on the laser processing car, this is because the volume of semiconductor laser is little, in light weight, be directly installed on the laser processing car, can obviously not increase the weight of processing car, and can reduce laser apparatus to the distance between the laser Machining head, reduce the length of optical fiber or the complexity of light-conducting system, reduce the energy waste of laser beam in transmission course, improve the P/C ratio of equipment.When using other solid statelaser,, be installed in the volume and weight that will significantly increase dolly on the laser processing car because the volume and weight of laser apparatus is relatively large.Therefore, this class laser apparatus should be installed on the power engineering car, to guarantee the high maneuverability of laser processing car.
Present device can be used to realize the laser surface highly malleablized processing of track different sites, comprises laser quenching, consolidation quenching, laser melting coating and Alloying Treatment etc.
Be processed as example to adopt high-power semiconductor laser to carry out open-air laser melting coating reparation below, the structure of present device is described in conjunction with each figure.
As shown in Figure 1, whole online laser process equipment comprises laser processing car 1 and power engineering car 2 two portions.
Laser apparatus high-voltage power supply 14 is provided for laser apparatus 7 and produces the needed dc high-voltage of laser.
Controlling System 9 is electrically connected with refrigerator 11, air compressor machine 12, cooling driers 13, laser apparatus high-voltage power supply 14, laser apparatus 7, automatic powder feeding device 8, controls the Push And Release of each device, and controls movement topworks 5 is according to the orbiting motion of setting.The orbiting motion that laser Machining head 4 sets according to Controlling System 9 under the drive of movement executing mechanism 5 is finished the highly malleablized on rail surface and is handled.Laser apparatus 7 is transferred to laser Machining head 4 by light-conducting system 6 with laser beam, focuses on and act on workpiece surface.The hard light path system that light-conducting system 6 can adopt existing ferry optical transmission system or be made up of the polylith speculum when using semiconductor laser as light source, even can directly link to each other with laser Machining head.Automatic powder feeding device 8 links to each other by the nozzle of conduit with laser Machining head 4.
When not working, laser processing car 1 is placed in the afterbody in cargo truck 16 compartments, and fixes.Cargo truck 16 is as the launch vehicle that contained each parts is transported to required place.
Illustrate several specific implementations of each parts below.
Travelling car 3 is 2-4 wheel to be installed constitute on the skeleton construction that is made of aluminium alloy or steelframe (vehicle body) 15, vehicle body 15 adopts aluminium alloy extrusions or shaped steel manufacturings, and its thickness and size require to determine according to the weight of the device of required installation on the dolly such as powder feeder, laser apparatus, movement executing mechanism etc.According to the decoration form and the minimized principle of dolly quality of equipment on the dolly, the wheel on the dolly can be two, three or four.Dolly with tricycle structure is an example, as Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5, driving wheel 17, front-wheel 18 and cincture 19 has been installed on skeleton construction.On driving wheel 17, servomotor 57 and gear train 22 also have been installed, can under the driving of Controlling System, seesaw along rail.On the vehicle body 15 of travelling car 3, handle 20 also has been installed, be used for rail 57 is settled or moved away to laser processing car 1.
As shown in Figure 5, driving wheel 17 cooperates transmission by gear unit 22, wheel bearing 23 and axletree 24.Track 57 be installed or be moved away to car load can by handle 20.Travelling car 15 cooperates by the front-wheel 18 on it, driving wheel 17, cincture 19 and track 57, and drives dolly by driving wheel servomotor 21 and move forward and backward along the length direction of rail.
Travelling car 3 also can adopt two wheel constructions, and the bracing frame location is installed, and by artificial moving travelling car is installed on the single rail of track, by the bracing frame location, can further reduce device fabrication cost and weight.Travelling car 3 adopts the four-wheel structures can increase the stability of laser processing car, but the weight of dolly further increases, and is unfavorable for manual handling laser processing car.
As shown in Figure 6, laser Machining head 4 comprises laser beam beam expanding lens 33, light conducting cylinder 34, transmission focusing mirror 35, laser head support 37, nozzle 39 compositions.The light inlet of laser beam beam expanding lens 33 links to each other with the light-emitting window of light-conducting system 6 (optical fiber or hard light path), and the light-emitting window of laser beam expanding lens 33 inserts the top of light conducting cylinder 34, and institute's depth of penetration can upper and lower adjustment in light conducting cylinder 34.Light conducting cylinder 34 is fixed on the laser head support 37 by set nut 36, and transmission focusing mirror 35 is installed in light conducting cylinder 34 bottoms, and nozzle 39 is connected with the bottom thread of light conducting cylinder 34.A plurality of valves 40 (preferably being symmetrically distributed) also are installed on light conducting cylinder 34.Their effect has two: when adopting laser melting and coating process, the powder feeding conduit of they and automatic powder feeding device 8 links to each other, powdered alloy by conduit along the coaxial ejection of nozzle; When adopting laser quenching or consolidation quenching technology, above-mentioned 4 valves link to each other with the air outlet of cooling driers respectively, and cleaning, clean pressurized air are sprayed from nozzle, prevent that eyeglass is by smoke contamination.
The light inlet of laser beam beam expanding lens 33 links to each other with the light-emitting window of light-conducting system 6 (optical fiber or light-conducting system), and the light-emitting window of laser beam beam expanding lens 33 links to each other with the upper end of connecting joint 42.Laser beam penetrates from beam expanding lens 33, change 90 ° through 45 ° of speculums 43 after, be mapped in the light conducting cylinder 34 on the aspheric surface condensing lenss 44, after 44 reflections of aspheric surface condensing lens and focusing on, penetrate and act on rail 57 surfaces from nozzle 39.In the joint of light conducting cylinder 34 and 45 ° of speculums 43, a rotation positioning chuck 45 is arranged, it generally is in locking state.When needs rotate machining angle with laser Machining head 4, unscrew the screwed cap on the rotation positioning chuck 45, light conducting cylinder 34 is adjusted between-90 °～+ 90 ° together with the aspheric surface condensing lens 44 of its back, light beam is turned to needed angle, satisfy the requirement that the inboard laser surface highly malleablized of rail is handled.
When laser Machining head 4 linked to each other with automatic powder feeding device 9, nozzle 39 adopted coaxial powder-feeding nozzle.
The another kind of form of laser Machining head can adopt industrial reflect focalization mode laser Machining head commonly used, by turning axle or other rotating mechanism it is installed on the movement executing mechanism.
Above-mentioned two kinds of laser Machining heads all can be used for the laser enhancement and toughening on rail surface to be handled.Wherein, transmission focusing formula laser processing header structure is comparatively simple, and weight is also light slightly, but condensing lens is a crystal, damages because pollute easily.Reflective focused type laser Machining head eyeglass is a bronze mirror all, and weather resistance is strong, relatively is fit to long-time field work state.
As shown in Figure 7, when adopting photoconductive fiber as light-conducting system, the laser beam 55 that laser apparatus 7 sends is coupled into photoconductive fiber 61 through optical fiber coupling head 46, be transferred to the laser beam expanding lens 33 on the laser Machining head 4, shine on the pending track after focusing on by condensing lens again, realize the processing of laser surface highly malleablized.Photoconductive fiber 61 is to constitute (n2＞n1) by the little waveguide core layer material of intrinsic loss (its specific refractory power is n2) and clad material (its specific refractory power is n1).The transmission loss of the infrared laser of 1064nm in high quality photoconduction fiber is extremely low, even fiber lengths reaches 100 meters, maximum loss still can remain on below 5%.Therefore, even in case of necessity laser apparatus is installed on the power engineering car 2 apart from 100 meters far away of rail, still the high-power laser beam high efficiency of transmission that laser apparatus 7 can be exported is to the laser processing car 1 that is positioned on the track.When adopting optical fiber laser, diode pumped solid state laser, lamp light-pumped solid state laser, all use optical fiber as light-conducting system 6, and, generally it is installed on the power engineering car 2 because volume, the weight of such laser apparatus are relatively large as light source.When adopting high-power semiconductor laser as laser source, because its volume is little, in light weight, and beam quality is relatively poor relatively, therefore can be directly installed on the laser processing car 1, so that shorten light path.At this moment, both Optical Fiber Transmission can be adopted, also hard optic path can be adopted.
When adopting hard optic path, dual mode is arranged: a kind of is the top that laser apparatus 7 is directly installed on laser Machining head 4, and semiconductor laser 7 is directly linked to each other with laser Machining head 4, is used for laser processing after the focusing, and can omit light-conducting system this moment.Another kind of mode adopts 45 ° of arrangements of mirrors that laser apparatus emitted laser bundle is conducted to be used for laser processing after focusing on the laser Machining head 4.
When laser apparatus 7 is positioned on the travelling car 3, the structure of laser processing car such as Fig. 8, Fig. 9, shown in Figure 10.Movement executing mechanism 5 adopts numerically-controlled machine, and numerically-controlled machine is made up of X-axis servomotor 25, Y-axis servomotor 26, Z axle servomotor 27, X-axis worktable 28, Y-axis worktable 29, Z axle worktable 30.Laser beam directly is irradiated to track 57 surfaces after transferring to laser Machining head 4 focusing by photoconductive fiber 6 from laser apparatus 7.
When laser apparatus 7 was positioned on the power engineering car 2, the structure of laser processing car as shown in figure 11.This moment, laser beam was by the laser Machining head 4 of Optical Fiber Transmission to the laser processing car 1, shone the rail surface after focusing on.
As shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13, a rotatable chassis 31 is installed below 5 X-axis worktable 28 of numerically-controlled machine, X-axis worktable 28 is fixed on the rotatable chassis 31.180 degree can be rotated around rotary middle spindle 32 in rotatable chassis 31.When laser processing car 1 is handled left side rail 57, lock rotatable chassis 31 with screw, to prevent movement executing mechanism 5 shakes or to slide.After the processing of having finished left side rail 57, only need this screw is unclamped, manually promote it and rotate 180 degree around rotary middle spindle 32, then with the screw locking, just can carry out laser processing and handle the other side rail 57.And the rest part on the laser processing car 1 does not need to move.This structure is with the advantage that structure shown in Figure 8 is compared: when needs change the track of laser processing, do not need whole laser processing car 1 lifted commutation, and the numerically-controlled machine part 5 that only need rotate wherein gets final product, laborsaving saving trouble used convenient.At this moment, travelling car 3 adopts the four-wheel system, so that increase the stationarity of equipment.
As shown in figure 14, when laser apparatus 7 adopts high-power semiconductor laser as light source, can be directly installed on the laser Machining head 4, link to each other by sleeve.Can reduce the laser beam transmission loss like this.
When laser apparatus adopts high-capacity optical fiber laser or semiconductor pumped all solid state laser as light source, the high-voltage power supply 14 and the laser apparatus 7 of optical fiber laser all is installed on the cargo truck 16, it arranges synoptic diagram (off-position) as shown in figure 15.During work, laser processing car 1 is moved on the track 57 from cargo truck 16, and laser Machining head 4 is linked to each other with laser apparatus 7 by optical fiber 6.
With compare during with numerically-controlled machine 5 for mobile topworks, robot 61 is actually a kind of 6 digital control system, it replaces numerically-controlled machine 5 as topworks, maximum advantage is: it can be after weaving laser beam machining program, and the disposable highly malleablized of finishing rail tread (front) and inboard is handled.Simultaneously, the scope of activity of robot is bigger, can after handle, the highly malleablized of finishing one side track 57 treads and inboard directly finish the laser enhancement and toughening of the other side rail 57 treads and inboard according to the software of being worked out and handle, and not need to make dolly change direction.The weak point of this structure has 2 points: the one, and the weight of robot 61 is generally big than numerically-controlled machine, the vehicle body rigid structure of laser processing car 1 must be strengthened just meeting the demands, the weight that adds robot 61 itself is also bigger, so the complete vehicle weight of laser processing car 1 can increase more.When needs carrying laser processing car 1, can have difficulties by manpower merely, but can finish by fork truck; The 2nd, the cost of robot 61 will increase the device fabrication cost than three-axis numerical control system's 5 height.When adopting high-power semiconductor laser as laser source, laser apparatus 7 can be installed on the laser processing car 1, as shown in figure 16.Also laser apparatus 7 can be directly installed on the actuating station of robot 61, as shown in figure 17.At this moment, laser apparatus 7 directly links to each other with laser Machining head 4, has saved Optical Fiber Transmission or hard light path light-conducting system, and structure is simpler, has reduced equipment manufacturing cost.Its weak point is: laser apparatus 7 directly is loaded on the execution joint of robot 61, requires the weight capacity of robot 61 bigger, causes relevant cost to increase.
When adopting optical fiber laser or diode pumping solid laser as light source, laser apparatus will be installed on the power engineering car 2.At this moment, laser beam is transferred on the laser Machining head 4 that is directly installed on robot 61 actuating stations by optical fiber 6 from being positioned at laser apparatus 7 outputs on the power engineering car 2, acts on rail 57 surfaces after the focusing, as shown in figure 18.This structure can alleviate the weight of laser processing car 1, but light transmission has increased the cost of equipment.Identical with device layout on this laser processing car 1 pairing power engineering car 2 with Figure 15, therefore repeat no more.
When needs were finished rail laser surface highly malleablized processing tasks, concrete implementing process flow process was as follows:
(1) power engineering car 2 loads laser processing cars 1 and is driven to the snipe that need carry out the laser surface highly malleablized or repair processing treatment, looks for and place opposed flattened near from line of reasoning section of living in to stop.Power engineering car 2 unoperated positions are no more than 100 meters apart from the slant range of rail 57.With artificial or fork truck laser processing car 1 is carried to required rail to be processed highway section,, and makes laser processing car 1 move to the appointment Working position the two sidecar wheels alignment track of laser processing car 1.Adopt electric wire, tracheae, water pipe etc. that the device on the power engineering car 2 accurately is connected according to mode of connection shown in Figure 1 respectively with device on the laser processing car 1.
(2) starter-generator 10, refrigerator 11, air compressor machine 12, cooling driers 13, laser apparatus high-voltage power supply 14, opening control 9 starts laser apparatus 7 and makes it be in holding state.Controlling System 9 is by the mode of motion of controls movement topworks 5, adjusts the relative position of focusing lens and raceway surface on the laser Machining head 4, controls the size of focus point position and spot size.Laser Machining head 4 can adopt reflect focalization mode or transmission focusing mode.
(3) after the position adjustment on the laser Machining head 4 finishes, call in or work out motor program, the setting processing parameter of movement executing mechanism 5.Open Controlling System 9, laser processing operation begins, and forms the laser enhancement and toughening layer of the required width and the degree of depth at raceway surface.
(4) after the laser enhancement and toughening of track cross level face is finished dealing with, by the rotating mechanism on the laser Machining head 4 with laser Machining head 4 rotating certain angle, repeating step (4), (5) then, the side forms required laser enhancement and toughening layer in orbit.
(5) after the surface treatment of one section rail was finished in laser processing, mobile laser processing car 1 repeated above-mentioned steps to another specified location, finishes the laser reinforcing of another section raceway surface.
(6) adopt above-mentioned operation to finish the monolateral processing of rail after, after directly laser reinforcing being processed car and moved away from track and commutation, can begin processing to the other side track by handle 20.
, task tight when the duration weighs, and when needing the quickening progress, can adopt two or many laser processing cars, concentrates the highway section of requirement surface toughening is handled, so that the reduction of erection time is satisfied the transportation by railroad requirement.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of mobile laser processing units that is used for the railway steel rail surface toughening processing is characterized in that:
Movement executing mechanism (5) and Controlling System (9) are installed on the travelling car (15); Generator (10), refrigerator (11), air compressor machine (12), cooling driers (13) and laser apparatus high-voltage power supply (14) are installed on the cargo truck (16); Movement executing mechanism (5) is numerically-controlled machine or robot; Generator (10) is electrically connected with above-mentioned each parts;
Laser apparatus high-voltage power supply (14) is electrically connected with laser apparatus (7), produces the needed dc high-voltage of laser for it provides;
The air outlet of air compressor machine (12) is connected by the air intake vent of pipeline with cooling driers (13) respectively, and the air outlet of cooling driers (13) links to each other with powder feeder (8) with laser Machining head (4) by pipeline;
Refrigerator (11) provides cooling for the optical mirror slip on laser apparatus (7) and light-conducting system (6), the laser Machining head (4);
Controlling System (9) is electrically connected with refrigerator (11), air compressor machine (12), cooling driers (13), laser apparatus high-voltage power supply (14), laser apparatus (7) and movement executing mechanism (5) respectively; The open and close of Controlling System (9) control refrigerator (11), air compressor machine (12), cooling driers (13), laser apparatus high-voltage power supply (14) and laser apparatus (7), Controlling System (9) controls movement topworks (5) is according to the orbiting motion of setting;
Laser Machining head (4) is installed on the movement executing mechanism (5); Laser Machining head (4) directly or by light-conducting system (6) links to each other with laser apparatus (7).
2, equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: laser apparatus (7) is a semiconductor laser, and laser apparatus (7) is installed on the travelling car (15), and the light inlet of laser Machining head (4) links to each other with the light-emitting window of laser apparatus (7).
3, equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: laser apparatus (7) is installed on the cargo truck (16), and the light inlet of laser Machining head (4) has optical fiber coupling head respectively by two ends photoconductive fiber links to each other with the light-emitting window of laser apparatus (7).
4, according to claim 1,2 or 3 described equipment, it is characterized in that: automatic powder feeding device (8) also is installed on the travelling car (15), and automatic powder feeding device (8) links to each other by the nozzle of conduit with laser Machining head (4).
5, according to claim 1,2 or 3 described equipment, it is characterized in that: laser Machining head (4) is the rotary type laser Machining head.
6, according to claim 1,2 or 3 described equipment, it is characterized in that: below the X-axis worktable of (5) of numerically-controlled machine, rotatable chassis (31) is installed.
7, according to claim 1,2 or 3 described online laser process equipments, it is characterized in that: laser Machining head (4) is made up of laser beam beam expanding lens (33), light conducting cylinder (34), transmission focusing mirror (35), laser head support (37) and nozzle (39);
Valve (40) is installed on the light conducting cylinder (34), light conducting cylinder (34) is fixed on the laser head support (37), the light-emitting window of laser beam beam expanding lens (33) inserts the top of light conducting cylinder (34), transmission focusing mirror (35) is installed in light conducting cylinder (34) bottom, and nozzle (39) is connected with the bottom thread of light conducting cylinder (34); Laser head support (37) is installed in movement executing mechanism (5) by turning axle (38).
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008100470285A CN101240367A (en) | 2008-03-10 | 2008-03-10 | On-line laser processing device used for railway steel rail surface toughening treatment |
| CN2008101696715A CN101403030B (en) | 2008-03-10 | 2008-10-08 | On-line laser machining apparatus for strengthening and toughening treatment of steel rail surface |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008100470285A CN101240367A (en) | 2008-03-10 | 2008-03-10 | On-line laser processing device used for railway steel rail surface toughening treatment |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101240367A true CN101240367A (en) | 2008-08-13 |
Family
ID=39932191
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008100470285A Pending CN101240367A (en) | 2008-03-10 | 2008-03-10 | On-line laser processing device used for railway steel rail surface toughening treatment |
| CN2008101696715A Active CN101403030B (en) | 2008-03-10 | 2008-10-08 | On-line laser machining apparatus for strengthening and toughening treatment of steel rail surface |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101696715A Active CN101403030B (en) | 2008-03-10 | 2008-10-08 | On-line laser machining apparatus for strengthening and toughening treatment of steel rail surface |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (2) | CN101240367A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101798789A (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2010-08-11 | 华中科技大学 | Mobile-type laser processing device for on-line processing surface of steel rail |
| CN102877384A (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2013-01-16 | 燕山大学 | Online thermal treatment method capable of prolonging service life of railway frog |
| CN103331523A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2013-10-02 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Method for preparing silica gel pad used for clamping optical fiber by means of solid laser system |
| CN109570148A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-04-05 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | The laser cleaning all-in-one machine of direct-connected air compressor machine |
| CN110670063A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-10 | 东南大学 | Cladding equipment and method for carrying out online repair on surface of steel rail |
| CN113047098A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-06-29 | 成都真火科技有限公司 | Operation method of online steel rail surface strengthening equipment based on laminar plasma |
| CN113050530A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-06-29 | 成都真火科技有限公司 | Control method of control device of online steel rail surface strengthening equipment |
| CN113046538A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-06-29 | 成都真火科技有限公司 | Control device of online steel rail surface strengthening equipment |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102021561B (en) * | 2009-09-17 | 2012-07-11 | 沈阳大陆激光技术有限公司 | Laser top-surface cladding method |
| CN102121217B (en) * | 2011-01-30 | 2012-11-28 | 武汉武钢华工激光大型装备有限公司 | Online laser quenching process for strengthening steel rail surface |
| CN102121064A (en) * | 2011-01-30 | 2011-07-13 | 武汉华工激光工程有限责任公司 | Off-line laser quenching process for surface strengthening treatment of steel rail |
| WO2014005478A1 (en) * | 2012-07-05 | 2014-01-09 | 武汉新瑞达激光工程有限责任公司 | Onsite steel rail laser processing vehicle |
| CN102776812B (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2013-06-19 | 武汉新瑞达激光工程有限责任公司 | On-line type steel rail laser processing vehicle |
| CN103215411B (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2015-07-08 | 武汉新瑞达激光工程有限责任公司 | Laser quenching method and device |
| CN103290176B (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2015-08-26 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of multi irradiation laser-quenching method and device |
| CN103667607B (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2015-09-09 | 广州中国科学院先进技术研究所 | A kind of laser-quenching method based on scanning galvanometer and device |
| CN104212965A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2014-12-17 | 辽宁科技大学 | Method for online laser broadband quenching on surface of steel rail |
| CN106988175B (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2018-09-07 | 武汉新瑞达激光工程有限责任公司 | A kind of online rail laser processing vehicle |
| CN113047097A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-06-29 | 成都真火科技有限公司 | Online steel rail laminar flow plasma surface strengthening treatment method |
| CN111422217B (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2023-08-29 | 吕振国 | Method for recovering adhesive force of disc brake locomotive |
| KR20210148517A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-12-08 | 삼성전자주식회사 | laser bonding apparatus and laser bonding method of the same |
| CN115679756B (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-05-23 | 山东雷石智能制造股份有限公司 | Automatic laser cladding vehicle for rail transit |
-
2008
- 2008-03-10 CN CNA2008100470285A patent/CN101240367A/en active Pending
- 2008-10-08 CN CN2008101696715A patent/CN101403030B/en active Active
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101798789A (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2010-08-11 | 华中科技大学 | Mobile-type laser processing device for on-line processing surface of steel rail |
| CN102877384A (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2013-01-16 | 燕山大学 | Online thermal treatment method capable of prolonging service life of railway frog |
| CN102877384B (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2014-10-15 | 燕山大学 | Online thermal treatment method capable of prolonging service life of railway frog |
| CN103331523A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2013-10-02 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Method for preparing silica gel pad used for clamping optical fiber by means of solid laser system |
| CN103331523B (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2016-02-10 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | A kind of method adopting solid laser system to prepare grip optical fiber silicagel pad |
| CN109570148A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-04-05 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | The laser cleaning all-in-one machine of direct-connected air compressor machine |
| CN110670063A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-10 | 东南大学 | Cladding equipment and method for carrying out online repair on surface of steel rail |
| CN113047098A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-06-29 | 成都真火科技有限公司 | Operation method of online steel rail surface strengthening equipment based on laminar plasma |
| CN113050530A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-06-29 | 成都真火科技有限公司 | Control method of control device of online steel rail surface strengthening equipment |
| CN113046538A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-06-29 | 成都真火科技有限公司 | Control device of online steel rail surface strengthening equipment |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101403030A (en) | 2009-04-08 |
| CN101403030B (en) | 2010-06-30 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101403030B (en) | On-line laser machining apparatus for strengthening and toughening treatment of steel rail surface | |
| CN201280675Y (en) | On-line laser machining apparatus for strengthening and toughening treatment of track surface | |
| CN101798789B (en) | Mobile-type laser processing device for on-line processing surface of steel rail | |
| CN202809417U (en) | On-line type steel rail laser processing vehicle | |
| CN1291108C (en) | Laser maintenance vehicle for rail | |
| CN201206156Y (en) | On-line laser machining apparatus for strengthening and toughening treatment of railway track surface | |
| CN201648895U (en) | Movable laser-processing device used for steel rail surface on-line treatment | |
| CN204212015U (en) | A kind of railway track profile milling-grinding equipment | |
| CN102121217B (en) | Online laser quenching process for strengthening steel rail surface | |
| CN107187426A (en) | A kind of purging system and method suitable for high ferro motor-car | |
| CN109334824B (en) | Intelligent trolley for fixing waste automobile to move in automatic assembly line for disassembly | |
| EP0266167B1 (en) | Insitu energy beam processing of railroad track and equipment for increasing service lifetime | |
| CN210633116U (en) | Vehicle-mounted laser rust removal equipment | |
| CN100515910C (en) | Portal lifting composite device for car body transportation | |
| CN211223419U (en) | Multifunctional flat car for laser strengthening or maintenance of steel rail | |
| CN206691132U (en) | A kind of high ferro motor-car automatic cleaning system | |
| RU2272859C2 (en) | Track rail welding and heat-treatment complex | |
| CN100506679C (en) | Multifunctional car body transport equipment | |
| CN212025794U (en) | Online additive repair vehicle for steel rail | |
| CN100534890C (en) | Bridge type lifting composite device for car body transportation | |
| CN111101410A (en) | Online additive repair vehicle for steel rail | |
| Feng et al. | Analysis on the operation methods of rail welding and postweld heat treatment in the track change overhaul of existing railway lines | |
| CN113026453A (en) | Steel rail cambered surface polishing unit and steel rail polishing trolley | |
| CN206986645U (en) | A kind of vehicular track away rust by laser system | |
| CN105625121B (en) | A kind of railway track profile milling-grinding equipment |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |